"Total number of people with anorexia and bulimia nervosa. This is measured across both sexes and all ages."

https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/number-with-anorexia-and-bulimia-nervosa?country=~OWID_WRL

Photo: https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/eating-disorders-grow-more-prevalent-and-skew-younger

This dataset comprises survey and interview results from an investigation into the efficacy of motivational interviewing in engaging individuals with anorexia nervosa in treatment. Responses from 47 participants (2 male and 45 female aged between 16 and 37 years) are arranged in a database.Participants were part of an inpatient anorexia nervosa population, assessed over three waves; at admission to hospital (baseline), and at 2 and 6 week follow up. Assessment were conducted face to face for participants in hospital and via the telephone for those who had been discharged.The Anorexia Nervosa Stages of Change Questionnaire (ANSOCQ) was used for the study.Date coverage: 2005-10-01 - 2008-08-01Location: Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Information about the types of eating disorders, some reasons why the military community are at risk, warning signs and how to get help. The Missouri Eating Disorders Council (MOEDC) created this document so support service members, veterans and their families.

BackgroundEvidence for anorexia and bulimia in relation to the risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) is limited and inconsistent. The objective of this research was to utilize bi-directional, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to predict the causal association between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa with UC.MethodsThe genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provided data for anorexia and bulimia from the UK Biobank, utilizing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) as instrumental variables. Additionally, genetic associations with UC were collected from various sources including the FinnGen Biobank, the UK Biobank and the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium (IIBDGC). The main analytical approach utilized in this study was the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method. To evaluate horizontal pleiotropy, the researchers conducted MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO global test analyses. Additionally, heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran’s Q test.ResultsThis study found a negative association between genetically predicted bulimia (OR = 0.943, 95% CI: 0.893–0.996; p = 0.034) and the risk of UC in the IIBDGC dataset, indicating that individuals with bulimia have approximately a 5.7% lower risk of developing UC. No association was observed in the other two datasets. Conversely, genetically predicted anorexia was not found to be causally associated with UC. In bi-directional Mendelian randomization, UC from the IIBDGC dataset was negatively associated with the risk of anorexia (OR = 0.877, 95% CI: 0.797–0.965; p = 0.007), suggesting that UC patients have approximately a 12.3% lower risk of developing anorexia, but not causally associated with bulimia.ConclusionGenetically predicted bulimia may have a negative association with the onset of UC, while genetically predicted anorexia does not show a causal relationship with the development of UC. Conversely, genetically predicted UC may have a negative association with the development of anorexia.

The HealthLink BC Mental Health and Substance Use (MHSU) data set includes the following: Programs that offer early intervention, transitional care or other services that supplement and facilitate primary and adjunctive therapies; which offer community mental health education programs; or which link people who are in need of treatment with appropriate providers. Programs that provide preventive, diagnostic and treatment services in a variety of community and hospital-based settings to help people achieve, maintain and enhance a state of emotional well-being, personal empowerment and the skills to cope with everyday demands without excessive stress or reliance on alcohol or other drugs. Treatment may include emotional support, introspection and problem-solving assistance using a variety of modalities and approaches, and medication, as needed, for individuals who have a substance use disorder involving alcohol and/or other drugs or for people who range from experiencing difficult life transitions or problems in coping with daily living to those with severe, chronic mental illnesses that seriously impact their lives. Multidisciplinary programs, often offered on an inpatient basis with post-discharge outpatient therapy, that provide comprehensive diagnostic and treatment services for individuals who have anorexia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, bulimia or a related eating disorder. Treatment depends on the specific type of eating disorder involved but typically involves psychotherapy, nutrition education, family counseling, medication and hospitalization, if required, to stabilize the patient's health. Alliance of Information & Referral Systems (AIRS) / 211 LA County taxonomy is the data classification used for all HealthLink BC directory data, including this MHSU data set (https://www.airs.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=1). AIRS taxonomy and data definitions are protected by Copyright by Information and Referral Federal of Los Angeles County, Inc (https://211taxonomy.org/subscriptions/#agreement)

Recent studies have reported altered methylation levels at disorder-relevant DNA sites in people who are ill with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) compared to findings in people with no eating disorder (ED) or in whom AN has remitted. The preceding implies state-related influences upon gene expression in people with AN. This study further examined this notion. We measured genome-wide DNA methylation in 145 women with active AN, 49 showing stable one-year remission of AN, and 64 with no ED. Comparisons revealed 205 differentially methylated sites between active and no ED groups, and 162 differentially methylated sites between active and remitted groups (Q < 0.01). Probes tended to map onto genes relevant to psychiatric, metabolic and immune functions. Notably, several of the genes identified here as being differentially methylated in people with AN (e.g. SYNJ2, PRKAG2, STAT3, CSGALNACT1, NEGR1, NR1H3) have figured in previous studies on AN. Effects also associated illness chronicity and lower BMI with more pronounced DNA methylation alterations, and remission of AN with normalisation of DNA methylation. Findings corroborate earlier results suggesting reversible DNA methylation alterations in AN, and point to particular genes at which epigenetic mechanisms may act to shape AN phenomenology.

PurposeThe unique constraints to everyday life brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic have been suggested to negatively impact those with pre-existing mental health issues such as eating disorders. While individuals with eating disorders or disordered eating behaviors likely represent a vulnerable group to the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of the pandemic is yet to be fully established.MethodsWe systematically examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors. We searched electronic databases MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE for literature published until October 2021. Eligible studies were required to report on individuals with or without a diagnosed eating disorder or disordered eating behaviors who were exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic.FindingsSeventy-two studies met eligibility criteria with the majority reporting an increase in eating disorder or disordered eating behaviors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, it appears children and adolescents and individuals with a diagnosed eating disorder may present vulnerable groups to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.DiscussionThis mixed systematic review provides a timely insight into COVID-19 eating disorder literature and will assist in understanding possible future long-term impacts of the pandemic on eating disorder behaviors. It appears that the role of stress in the development and maintenance of eating disorders may have been intensified to cope with the uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research is needed among understudied and minority groups and to examine the long-term implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=284749, PROSPERO [CRD42021284749].

Global Mental Health Disorders

Prevalence of Common Mental Health Conditions, 2005-2017

By Amit [source]

About this dataset

This dataset contains valuable information about the prevalence of mental health disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, anxiety disorders, drug use disorders, depression, and alcohol use disorders from various countries across the globe. Mental health is a critical and complex issue which touches us all and this dataset allows a deeper dive into the quantitative understanding of its prevalence and geographical distribution. With this data at hand one can gain insight on questions such as: which countries have rates of mental illness that are higher or lower than average? Which regions are disproportionately dealing with certain types of mental health disruptions? Who is struggling with particular types of illnesses? This data provides answers to those inquiries as well as helping us gain a better understanding of how we can take action towards increasing global awareness, prevention efforts, and access to vital resources that help individuals become healed and empowered

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How to use the dataset

This dataset provides information on the prevalence of mental health disorders globally, with data collected from various countries in a given year. It includes statistics on several types of mental health disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, anxiety disorders, drug use disorders and depression.

Using this dataset can provide useful insights into the prevalence of mental health conditions worldwide. This could be used to better understand how different countries are affected by mental health issues and to identify areas that may need more help or attention. The data is broken down by country or region and year to allow for a better understanding of trends over time.

To use this dataset effectively for research or data analysis purposes it is important to first familiarize yourself with the columns available in the dataset: Entity (country/region), Code (country code), Year (year in which the data was collected), Schizophrenia (%) , Bipolar Disorder (%) , Eating Disorders (%) , Anxiety Disorders (%) , Drug Use Disorders (%) , Depression (%) and Alcohol Use Disorders (%). Each column represents a specific type of mental health disorder and provides information on its prevalence rate in each country/region during that calendar year.

Once you have an understanding of these columns you can begin analyzing the data to gain further insights into global trends related to these mental health conditions. You might perform descriptive analyses such as finding average percentages across different groups (e.g., genders) or time periods, as well as performing inferential analyses like assessing relationships between different variables within your data set (e.g., correlation). Additionally you could create visualizations such as charts, maps or other graphics that help make sense out of large amounts of statistical information easily accessible to a wider audience

Research Ideas

• Creating age-group specific visualizations and infographics that compare the prevalence of mental health disorders in different countries or regions to better understand how the issue of depression or anxiety intersects with factors such as gender, culture, or socioeconomic status.
• Creating a global map visualization that shows the prevalence of different mental health disorders in different countries/regions to demonstrate disparities between places and provide a way for policy makers to better target areas most affected by these issues.
• Developing data visualizations exploring relationships between demographic variables (e.g., gender, age) and prevalence of mental health disorder types such as depression or anxiety disorders in order to gain insight into possible correlations between them

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

See the dataset description for more information.

Columns

File: Mental health Depression disorder Data.csv | Column name | Description | |:------------------------------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Entity | The name of the country or region. (String) | | Code ...

Body image disturbance is a core characteristic of anorexia nervosa which might be grounded in distortions in schematic body representations. In line with this, several studies showed that when walking through door-like apertures of different widths individuals with anorexia nervosa move as if their bodies are larger than they actually are. They turn their body at a higher aperture/shoulder width ratio than healthy individuals. We examined whether oversized body-scaled motoric behaviors may not be restricted to anorexia nervosa but concern a general feature of negative body image attitudes. Therefore, we investigated the relation between negative body image as assessed with shape and weight concerns subscales of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and aperture/shoulder width turning ratios in women with a healthy weight (N = 62). We found that a more negative body image was unrelated to higher aperture/shoulder width turning ratios. Bayes analysis provided moderate evidence for the null hypothesis that spontaneous body-scaled motoric behaviors are not involved in negative body image. Future studies should disentangle whether being underweight per se is related to distinctive spontaneous body-scaled motoric behaviors or whether an ‘oversized’ body schema is a unique characteristic of anorexia nervosa, potentially contributing to the persistence of this disorder.

This dataset is about books. It has 1 row and is filtered where the book is A psychotherapeutic understanding of eating disorders in children and young people : ways to release the imprisoned self. It features 7 columns including author, publication date, language, and book publisher.

Global Trends in Mental Health Disorder

From Schizophrenia to Depression

By Amit [source]

About this dataset

This dataset contains informative data from countries across the globe about the prevalence of mental health disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, anxiety disorders, drug use disorders, depression and alcohol use disorders. By providing this data in an easy to visualise format you can gain an insight into how these issues are impacting lives; allowing for a deeper understanding of these conditions and the implications. Through this reflection you may be able to answer some important questions: - What are the types of mental health disorder that people around the world suffer? - How many people in each country suffer mental health problems? - Are men or women more likely to have depression? - Is depression linked with suicide and what is the percentage rate? - In which age groups is depression more common?
From exploring patterns between prevalence rates through in-depth data visualisation you’ll be able to further understand these complex issues. The knowledge gained from this dataset can help bring valuable decision making skills such as research grants, policy making or preventative intervention plans across various countries. So if you wish to create meaningful data viz then start with this global prevalence of mental health disorder’s together with accompanying videos for extra context - Deepen your understanding about Mental Health Disorders today!

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How to use the dataset

Using this dataset is quite straightforward. Each row of the table contains information about a certain country or region for a certain year. The following columns are provided: Entity (the country or region name), Code (the code for the country or region), Year (the year the data was collected) Schizophrenia (% - percentage of people with schizophrenia), Bipolar Disorder (%) - percentage of people with bipolar disorder) Eating Disorders (%) - Percentage of individuals with disordered eating patterns Anxiety Disorders (%) - Percentage of individuals with anxiety Drug Use Disorders (%) - Percentage figures for those struggling with substance abuse Depression (%) – Percentages relating to those struggling with depressive illness Alcohol Use Disorders (%) – Percentages relating to those battling alcoholism

Using this dataset requires no special skills; however it is best suited for those comfortable navigating spreadsheets and tables as well as analyzing numerical information quickly and accurately. Many software suites like excel are useful here but simple internet searches will reveal free alternatives if your preference is web-based solutions!

By piecing together these different columns’ values we can get an idea if prevalence rates across different types of mental illnesses increase or decrease over time. For example we could compare depression levels between 2015 and 2018 by creating two separate sets containing information filtered just within our parameters respectively only reading records from 2015 then 2018). From here we can see whether numbers changed very much or stayed stagnant supefying any sort of patterns that could exist

Research Ideas

• Visualizing the prevalence of mental health disorders - Create a data visualization that compares and contrasts the prevalence of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, eating disorders, alcohol use disorder and drug use disorder across different countries. This could provide insight into global differences in mental health and potential causes of those differences.

• Mapping depression rates - Create an interactive map that shows both regional and national variations in depression rates within a specific country or region. This would allow people to easily identify areas with higher or lower than average prevalence of depression which could help inform decision-makers when it comes to policy-making related to mental healthcare services provisioning.

• Developing predictive models for mental health - Use the data from this dataset as part of a larger machine learning project to build predictive models for mental health across countries or regions based on various factors such as demographics, economic indicators etc., This can be helpful for researchers working on understanding populations’ susceptibility towards developing certain disorders so as to craft appropriate preventive strategies accordingly

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original aut...

Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by disturbances in eating behavior and occur worldwide, with a lifetime prevalence of 2 to 5%. Their etiology is complex and multifactorial, involving a complex interplay between genetic, biological, psychological, sociocultural, and environmental factors. They are more common among females than males and may be associated with medical and psychiatric complications, impaired functioning, and decreased quality of life. This narrative review aims at providing an updated contribution to the current understanding of gender differences in eating disorders (EDs) focusing on male population to foster more targeted and effective clinical interventions. A comprehensive review of the scientific literature was conducted by analyzing several major databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Only in recent years, there has been increased attention on the male population, revealing multiple differences between genders in terms of prevalence, onset, phenomenology, diagnosis, comorbidities, and outcomes of EDs. Moreover, the relationship between different sexual orientations and/or gender identities and EDs is an emerging field of study. Data suggest an increase in eating disorders (EDs) also among the male population underlines the importance that healthcare personnel of all specialties acquire basic competencies for adequately tackling these disorders in a gender perspective. In particular, prevention and early intervention, especially during critical developmental periods like puberty and adolescence, are crucial to avoid permanent damage. Future research and public health initiatives involving schools and families and targeting males should be addressed to promote a healthy relationship with food and body image, reduce stigma, and encourage people to seek help when needed.

The HealthLink BC Mental Health and Substance Use (MHSU) data set includes the following: Programs that offer early intervention, transitional care or other services that supplement and facilitate primary and adjunctive therapies; which offer community mental health education programs; or which link people who are in need of treatment with appropriate providers. Programs that provide preventive, diagnostic and treatment services in a variety of community and hospital-based settings to help people achieve, maintain and enhance a state of emotional well-being, personal empowerment and the skills to cope with everyday demands without excessive stress or reliance on alcohol or other drugs. Treatment may include emotional support, introspection and problem-solving assistance using a variety of modalities and approaches, and medication, as needed, for individuals who have a substance use disorder involving alcohol and/or other drugs or for people who range from experiencing difficult life transitions or problems in coping with daily living to those with severe, chronic mental illnesses that seriously impact their lives. Multidisciplinary programs, often offered on an inpatient basis with post-discharge outpatient therapy, that provide comprehensive diagnostic and treatment services for individuals who have anorexia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, bulimia or a related eating disorder. Treatment depends on the specific type of eating disorder involved but typically involves psychotherapy, nutrition education, family counseling, medication and hospitalization, if required, to stabilize the patient's health. Alliance of Information & Referral Systems (AIRS) / 211 LA County taxonomy is the data classification used for all HealthLink BC directory data, including this MHSU data set (https://www.airs.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=1). AIRS taxonomy and data definitions are protected by Copyright by Information and Referral Federal of Los Angeles County, Inc (https://211taxonomy.org/subscriptions/#agreement)

Comparing oneself against such internalized body ideals which have extremely low BMI is seen as an important source of body dissatisfaction. The aim of this study was to investigate a novel body image training designed to shift internalized norms for body size towards less extreme positions. Effects of the intervention on body image and eating disorder symptoms were investigated in twelve adolescent girls with an eating disorder using a replicated randomized two-phase single-case experimental design. Participants (N = 12) received six 10-minute training sessions alongside treatment as usual. Participants' starting point in time for the training was randomly assigned between day 8 and 14 within the continuous 23-day study window. Participants were presented 3D images of a female model who varied in BMI, and on each presentation had to judge the model as either “thin” or “fat”. By giving feedback which challenged their judgements, the aim was to gradually increase the BMI representing the transition from thin to fat judgements, thereby shifting participants’ body size norms towards a more realistic standard. Primary outcome measures were assessed on each of the 23 days. Results showed a significant overall small effect of the training on body image. No significant overall decrease in eating disorder symptoms was found. Although these findings are promising, the small effect size and differences between participants suggest that the training procedure should be improved before further investigating this training in clinical practice.

Consistent with the view that disgust might be involved in the persistence of eating disorders, it has been found that disgust proneness is related to a negative body image. Importantly, earlier research in non-clinical samples (von Spreckelsen et al. 2018) provided preliminary evidence that this relationship could be partly explained by high levels of self-disgust. The current study tested the robustness of this finding and examined if this pattern would also be evident when including individuals with clinically diagnosed anorexia nervosa. In addition, we tested whether the relationship between self-directed disgust and negative body image would be especially pronounced in individuals with high disgust sensitivity. Finally, we explored a possible mediating role of body checking and body avoidance in the relationship between self-disgust and negative body image. To test these hypotheses, female adolescents with (n = 64) and without (n = 62) AN completed questionnaires administered online. Results showed that self-disgust (fully) mediated the relationship between disgust propensity and negative body image; disgust sensitivity did not moderate the relationship between self-disgust and negative body image, and, the relationship between self-disgust and negative body image was partially mediated by body checking, but not by body avoidance. Together, these findings are consistent with the view that self-disgust is a central factor in the persistence of a negative body image in anorexia nervosa.

Background. Most previous mortality research in eating disorders involves individuals attending specialist treatment services. Data linkage across jurisdictional health databases at a population level improves the generalisability of findings. Aims. To investigate mortality risk and causes of death for people with an eating disorder across a large geographic region using administrative health datasets. Method. Using linked hospital, mental health and death records, a retrospective cohort study was conducted including individuals aged 10-59 years who received an eating disorder diagnosis during hospital-based encounters in Australia, over a 10-year period between 2010 and 2019. A contemporary cohort of people accessing community care only were also evaluated. Mortality rates and standardised morality ratios (SMR) compared to the general population were calculated for each state, and by sex and age groups. Cox regression models were used to assess the risk of sociodemographic characteristics on mortality. Results. Mortality in people hospitalised with an eating disorder (N=19,697) was more than four times higher than the general population (SMR: 4.54), and highest in people aged 30-39 years (SMR: 13.32). Men hospitalised for eating disorders had a higher risk of death. Mortality rates in anorexia nervosa were not higher than other eating disorder diagnoses. Almost three-quarters of deaths were caused by suicide/self-harm or cardio/respiratory illness. Conclusions. People accessing hospital care with eating disorders in Australia have a higher risk of premature death regardless of age, sex or eating disorder diagnosis. Gender and age group disparities can inform policy and resource allocation and support the development of targeted interventions.

Background: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction has been suggested to contribute to the high prevalence of cardiovascular complications in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), yet has not been thoroughly investigated. The current review aimed to synthesize the evidence of basal ANS function in individuals with a current diagnosis of AN and those with a previous diagnosis who had achieved weight restoration, as compared to controls.Methods: A systematic review of nine databases was conducted and studies that were published in a peer-review journal, in English, that included at least one assessment of ANS function in individuals with a current or previous diagnosis of AN were selected. Forty-six studies were included with a total of 811 participants with a current diagnosis of AN and 123 participants with a previous diagnosis of AN.Results: ANS function was assessed through heart rate variability (n = 27), orthostatic challenge, blood pressure variability or baroreflex sensitivity (n = 11), adrenergic activity (n = 14), skin conductance level (n = 4), and pupillometry (n = 1). Individuals with AN demonstrated increased parasympathetic activity and decreased sympathetic activity, suggestive of autonomic dysregulation. Following weight restoration, autonomic function trended toward, or was equivalent to, control levels.Discussion: Autonomic dysregulation is indicated through a range of assessments in individuals with AN. Future investigations should utilize a variety of assessments together in order to conclusively establish the nature of autonomic dysfunction in AN, and following extended weight restoration. Moreover, investigation into the co-occurrence of ANS function and cardiovascular risk is required.

Abstract Orofacial pain and temporomandibular dysfunction may cause chronic facial pain, which may interfere with the emotional state and food intake of patients with eating disorders (ED), such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Sixty-four patients were assigned to four groups: Group A (AN – restricting subtype): 07; Group B (AN – purging subtype ): 19; Group C (BN): 16; and Group D (control): 22. Complaints of pain are more prevalent in individuals with eating disorders (p<0.004). There are differences between the presence of myofascial pain and the number of hospitalizations (p = 0.046) and the presence of sore throat (p=0.05). There was a higher prevalence of masticatory myofascial pain and complaints of pain in other parts of the body in ED patients; however, there was no difference between ED subgroups. There was no difference in the number of self-induced vomiting between ED patients with and without myofascial pain.

Eating disorders significantly impact the quality of life of the persons they affect, as well as their involvement in school bullying. People with bulimia and binge-eating disorders are known to be more likely to be victims of bullying; however, studies provide mixed evidence on the connection between bullying and anorexia. Therefore, in this paper, we suggest an explanation for the bullying victimization of people with anorexia. Our theoretical framework is based on psychoanalytical research on eating disorders, and we illustrate our arguments with the results of biographical interviews with 50 girls who have been diagnosed with anorexia. We show that a hostile family environment may influence the girls’ proneness to fall victim to school bullying. Therefore, school staff hoping to address the involvement of girls with anorexia in bullying should be aware of the role that family members play in bullying victimization and tailor interventions accordingly.