Project Summary: This research, which was eventually published in a 2012 book by Cambridge University Press entitled The Rise of Ethnic Politics in Latin America, focused on the emergence of indigenous parties in Latin America. Specifically, it sought to explain why some parties based in the indigenous population succeeded while others failed. The study focused on the three South American countries with the largest indigenous populations--Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru--but a comparative chapter examined the fate of indigenous parties in the rest of Latin America as well. The central argument of this study is that indigenous-based parties have succeeded in recent years by using inclusive ethnic and populist appeals to reach out to whites and mestizo as well as indigenous people. Indigenous parties, unlike many other ethnic parties, have managed to win support across ethnic lines because the long history of racial mixing in Latin America blurred ethnic boundaries and reduced ethnic polarization. Data Abstract: This study used a combination of qualitative and quantitative data, including interviews, party documents, journalistic accounts, surveys of public opinion and municipal-level census and electoral data. The data consist of notes in Spanish from interviews with prominent party leaders, legislators, interest group representatives, government officials, and pollsters. I selected interviewees who were deemed to have extensive knowledge of the elections and the parties involved in them and the interest groups that supported them. I was particularly interested in interviewees who were knowledgeable about or involved with the Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) in Bolivia, Pachakutik in Ecuador, the Partido Nacionalista Peruano (PNP) in Peru, and Winaq in Guatemala. The interviews were conducted in 10 summer research trips to Latin America between 2002 and 2008. The interviews were unstructured in nature and were conducted by the author.

China is leading the ranking by number of social media users , recording 977.29 million users. Following closely behind is India with 566.11 million users, while Seychelles is trailing the ranking with 0.12 million users, resulting in a difference of 977.17 million users to the ranking leader, China. The shown figures regarding social media users have been derived from survey data that has been processed to estimate missing demographics.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

The average for 2017 based on 7 countries was 1.3 kidnappings per 100,000 people. The highest value was in Ecuador: 4.7 kidnappings per 100,000 people and the lowest value was in Guyana: 0 kidnappings per 100,000 people. The indicator is available from 2003 to 2017. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

As of 2023, the region's average share of the indigenous population living under the poverty line was 42.3 percent. The most recent data for Colombia positions the country with 63.5 percent of the population, the highest in Latin America.

This statistic shows a ranking of the estimated number of Facebook users in 2020 in Latin America and the Caribbean, differentiated by country. The user numbers have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in more than *** countries and regions worldwide. All input data are sourced from international institutions, national statistical offices, and trade associations. All data has been are processed to generate comparable datasets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

English(Latin America) Scripted Monologue Smartphone speech dataset, collected from monologue based on given scripts, covering generic domain, human-machine interaction, smart home command and control, in-car command and control, numbers and other domains. Transcribed with text content and other attributes. Our dataset was collected from extensive and diversify speakers(281 people in total), geographicly speaking, enhancing model performance in real and complex tasks.Quality tested by various AI companies. We strictly adhere to data protection regulations and privacy standards, ensuring the maintenance of user privacy and legal rights throughout the data collection, storage, and usage processes, our datasets are all GDPR, CCPA, PIPL complied.

ACS DEMOGRAPHIC AND HOUSING ESTIMATES HISPANIC OR LATINO AND RACE - DP05 Universe - Total population Survey-Program - American Community Survey 5-year estimates Years - 2020, 2021, 2022 The terms “Hispanic,” “Latino,” and “Spanish” are used interchangeably. Some respondents identify with all three terms while others may identify with only one of these three specific terms. People who identify with the terms “Hispanic,” “Latino,” or “Spanish” are those who classify themselves in one of the specific Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish categories listed on the questionnaire (“Mexican, Mexican Am., or Chicano,” “Puerto Rican,” or “Cuban”) as well as those who indicate that they are “another Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin.” People who do not identify with one of the specific origins listed on the questionnaire but indicate that they are “another Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin” are those whose origins are from Spain, the Spanish-speaking countries of Central or South America, or another Spanish culture or origin. Origin can be viewed as the heritage, nationality group, lineage, or country of birth of the person or the person’s parents or ancestors before their arrival in the UnitedStates. People who identify their origin as Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish may be of any race.

Use this application to view the pattern of concentrations of people by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Data are provided at the U.S. Census block group level, one of the smallest Census geographies, to provide a detailed picture of these patterns. The data is sourced from the U.S Census Bureau, 2020 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File. Definitions: Definitions of the Census Bureau’s categories are provided below. This interactive map shows patterns for all categories except American Indian or Alaska Native and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. The total population countywide for these two categories is small (1,582 and 263 respectively). The Census Bureau uses the following race categories:Population by RaceWhite – A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa.Black or African American – A person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa.American Indian or Alaska Native – A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment.Asian – A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam.Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander – A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands.Some Other Race - this category is chosen by people who do not identify with any of the categories listed above. People can identify with more than one race. These people are included in the Two or More Races Hispanic or Latino PopulationThe Hispanic/Latino population is an ethnic group. Hispanic/Latino people may be of any race.Other layers provided in this tool included the Loudoun County Census block groups, towns and Dulles airport, and the Loudoun County 2021 aerial imagery.

This layer presents the percentage of Indigenous people who have access to piped water services in 13 countries of the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region. In LAC, Indigenous peoples are 10 to 25 percent less likely to have access to piped water than the region’s Non-Indigenous populations. Lack of access to Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) services perpetuates chronic poverty. Extending the human right of access to WSS services to Indigenous peoples represents the final step for many countries of the region to reach universal water coverage.For more information, access the report here: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/25405/110266-WP-Toolkit-Indigenous-Peoples-and-WSS-in-LAC-PUBLIC.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

The average for 2020 based on 2 countries was 2.23 doctors per 1,000 people. The highest value was in Mexico: 2.41 doctors per 1,000 people and the lowest value was in Brazil: 2.05 doctors per 1,000 people. The indicator is available from 1960 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Femicide is an homicide of women murdered for reasons of gender. This is the most extreme form of violence against women.

Femicides are serious problems in Latin America and the Caribbean. According to data from CEPTAL in 2021, 11 Latin American countries registered a rate equal to or greater than one victim of femicide or femicide for every 100,000 women. The highest femicide rates are in Honduras (4.6 cases per 100,000 women), the Dominican Republic (2.7 cases per 100,000 women) and El Salvador (2.4 cases per 100,000 women).

Spanish(Latin America) Scripted Monologue Smartphone speech dataset, collected from monologue based on given scripts, covering generic domain, human-machine interaction, smart home command and in-car command, numbers, news and other domains. Transcribed with text content and other attributes. Our dataset was collected from extensive and diversify speakers(1,630 people in total, such as Mexicans, Colombians, etc.), geographicly speaking, enhancing model performance in real and complex tasks.Quality tested by various AI companies. We strictly adhere to data protection regulations and privacy standards, ensuring the maintenance of user privacy and legal rights throughout the data collection, storage, and usage processes, our datasets are all GDPR, CCPA, PIPL complied.

Venezuela Tourist Arrival: International: South America data was reported at 566,539.000 Person in 2013. This records an increase from the previous number of 528,679.000 Person for 2012. Venezuela Tourist Arrival: International: South America data is updated yearly, averaging 227,105.000 Person from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2013, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 566,539.000 Person in 2013 and a record low of 178,189.000 Person in 2010. Venezuela Tourist Arrival: International: South America data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Tourism. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Venezuela – Table VE.Q001: Tourist Arrival. The source has temporarily cease the publication of Venezuela tourism statistics.

Online Appendix, Codebook and Replication Material (Data + Do-File) for the Article “Individual or Collective Rights? Consequences for the Satisfaction with Democracy among Indigenous Peoples in Latin America” When using the data, please cite this article. DOI: 10.1080/13510347.2023.2213163 The dataset used for this article is based on the INDILEX database. It contains yearly information about the number of Indigenous articles adopted in each country since 1989, how many of these treat Indigenous rights as an individual or collective group rights, and a measure indicating the salience of collective over individual Indigenous rights. Article Abstract: For decades, Indigenous peoples and their movements have fought for the recognition of their rights. Since the multiculturalist turn, these demands are – at least partially – a legal reality in many countries in Latin America. Indigenous group rights can be attributed to individual group members or in a collective way to the group as such. Here, I investigate how these contrasting approaches impact on Indigenous citizens’ satisfaction with democracy. From normative theory, I derive the expectation that incorporating collective Indigenous rights increases satisfaction with democracy, because they address the historical loss of Indigenous sovereignty and open new spaces for the participation of previously marginalized groups. In contrast, the individualization of Indigenous group rights can be seen as a form of assimilation. The empirics show that collective rights increase the satisfaction with democracy among Indigenous peoples – and among the wider public. Thus, recognizing collective minority rights does not seem to stir division but sends a message that democracy is working well.

This dataset supports measure M.C.5 of SD 2023. The sources of data are the American Community Survey and the Austin Transportation Department. Each row displays the percentage of people in different demographic categories who participated in mobility engagement process as compared to percentage of people in the same demographic category in Austin. This dataset can be used to understand how well the City reaches different communities and subpopulations when soliciting public input. View more details at https://data.austintexas.gov/stories/s/Percentage-of-participants-in-mobility-public-enga/pfnb-5uev/

Brazil led the list with a total of 4,390 kidnapping cases in the latest available data. Ecuador followed with 1,246 occurrences in 2022. On the flip side, there was only three reported kidnapping in the Antigua and Barbuda during that year. Homicides, another recurrent problem in Latin America Among the region's prevalent offenses, intentional homicide emerged as one of the main concerns in the region. Nonetheless, the rates vary among the different countries. Brazil leads the ranking of the most number of homicides in Latin America, as well as being the most populated country by far. On the other hand, Jamaica holds the top position according to the homicide rate, reporting nearly 61 instances per 100,000 inhabitants in 2023. Nevertheless, even with these varying homicide rates across countries, four out of five of the world's most perilous urban centers are situated in Mexico, with Colima leading the pack at a 2024 homicide rate of 140 per 100,000 inhabitants.

Cost of violence in Central America Following criminal acts, the responsibility for addressing the consequences falls squarely on the government, causing government expenditure to surge, called the cost of violence. Notably, Panama is more severely impacted in Central America, with the economic cost of violence per inhabitant accounting for over 3,771 U.S. dollars in 2022. In terms of a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), El Salvador takes the first place with a value of 15 percent of their GDP.

DATA DESCRIPTION: Version 2.0 estimates of total number of people per grid square for five timepoints between 2000 and 2020 at five year intervals; national totals have been adjusted to match UN Population Division estimates for each time point(1) REGION: Latin America and the Caribbean SPATIAL RESOLUTION: 0.00833333 decimal degrees (approx 1km at the equator) PROJECTION: Geographic, WGS84 UNITS: Estimated persons per grid square FORMAT: Geotiff (zipped using 7-zip (open access tool): www.7-zip.org) FILENAMES: Example - LAC_PPP_2010_adj_v2.tif = Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) population dataset presenting people per pixel (PPP) for 2010, adjusted to match UN national estimates (adj), dataset version 2.0 (v2) DATASET CONSTRUCTION DETAILS: This dataset is a mosaic of all WorldPop country level LAC datasets resampled to 1km resolution. The continental grouping of countries honours the macro geographical classification developed and maintained by the United Nations Statistics Division(2). For countries within each continental group which have not been mapped by WorldPop, GPWv4 1km population count data(3) was used to complete the mosaic. Full details of WorldPop population mapping methodologies are described here: www.worldpop.org.uk/data/methods/ DATE OF PRODUCTION: November 2016 Also included: (i) csv table describing the data source of the modelled population data for each country dataset (either WorldPop or GPWv4) which featured in the continental raster mosaic. _ (1) United Nations Population Division, WorldPopulation Prospects, 2015 Revision. http://esa.un.org/wpp/ (2) United Nations Statistics Division. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm (3) Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia University. 2016. Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4): Population Count. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://dx.doi.org/10.7927/H4X63JVC. Accessed 30 Sept 2016

This layer presents the percentage of Non-Indigenous people who have access to piped water services in 13 countries of the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region.In LAC, Indigenous peoples are 10 to 25 percent less likely to have access to piped water than the region’s Non-Indigenous populations. Lack of access to Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) services perpetuates chronic poverty. Extending the human right of access to WSS services to Indigenous peoples represents the final step for many countries of the region to reach universal water coverage.For more information, access the report here: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/25405/110266-WP-Toolkit-Indigenous-Peoples-and-WSS-in-LAC-PUBLIC.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

The Better Jobs Index is a tool for comparative analysis of labor markets in Latin America. This index evaluates the state of employment in the region through two dimensions: quantity and quality, each comprising two indicators. The quantity dimension measures how many people wish to work (labor force participation) and how many are actually employed (employment rate). The quality dimension assesses how much of the work generated is registered in social security systems (formality) and how many workers earn wages sufficient to lift them above the poverty line (sufficient wages). Through the Better Jobs Index, the Inter-American Development Bank aims to provide countries with a new instrument to more effectively monitor employment conditions, facilitate cross-country comparisons, and promote policies that lead to more favorable employment conditions.

Did the election of Donald Trump have an immediate effect on trust in the US government in Latin America? While on the campaign trail, the Republican candidate used strong and derogatory language to describe Latin American countries and people and made policy proposals that could deteriorate US-Latin American relations. However, the effect of the Trump election on attitudes toward the United States might be null or minimal if Latin American citizens have strong priors and/or if they do not pay attention to political information. Therefore, it is not clear whether the 2016 election led to a rapid decline in trust in the US government in Latin America. Leveraging the timing of the field implementation of the 2016 wave of the AmericasBarometer in five Latin American countries, we estimate the effect of the 2016 presidential election on respondents’ attitudes using a regression discontinuity design in time. We find that the election of Trump substantively decreased respondents’ trust in the US government.