The global number of smartphone users in was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 1.8 billion users (+42.62 percent). After the ninth consecutive increasing year, the smartphone user base is estimated to reach 6.1 billion users and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the number of smartphone users of was continuously increasing over the past years.Smartphone users here are limited to internet users of any age using a smartphone. The shown figures have been derived from survey data that has been processed to estimate missing demographics.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of smartphone users in countries like Australia & Oceania and Asia.

The population share with mobile internet access in North America was forecast to increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 2.9 percentage points. This overall increase does not happen continuously, notably not in 2028 and 2029. The mobile internet penetration is estimated to amount to 84.21 percent in 2029. Notably, the population share with mobile internet access of was continuously increasing over the past years.The penetration rate refers to the share of the total population having access to the internet via a mobile broadband connection.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the population share with mobile internet access in countries like Caribbean and Europe.

The number of smartphone users in the United States was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 17.4 million users (+5.61 percent). After the fifteenth consecutive increasing year, the smartphone user base is estimated to reach 327.54 million users and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the number of smartphone users of was continuously increasing over the past years.Smartphone users here are limited to internet users of any age using a smartphone. The shown figures have been derived from survey data that has been processed to estimate missing demographics.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of smartphone users in countries like Mexico and Canada.

Switzerland is leading the ranking by population share with mobile internet access , recording 95.06 percent. Following closely behind is Ukraine with 95.06 percent, while Moldova is trailing the ranking with 46.83 percent, resulting in a difference of 48.23 percentage points to the ranking leader, Switzerland. The penetration rate refers to the share of the total population having access to the internet via a mobile broadband connection.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

The global number of smartphone users in was forecast to continuously increase between 2024 and 2029 by in total 1.8 billion users (+42.62 percent). After the fifteenth consecutive increasing year, the smartphone user base is estimated to reach 6.1 billion users and therefore a new peak in 2029. Notably, the number of smartphone users of was continuously increasing over the past years.Smartphone users here are limited to internet users of any age using a smartphone. The shown figures have been derived from survey data that has been processed to estimate missing demographics.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).Find more key insights for the number of smartphone users in countries like the Americas and Asia.

Object recognition predominately still relies on many high-quality training examples per object category. In contrast, learning new objects from only a few examples could enable many impactful applications from robotics to user personalization. Most few-shot learning research, however, has been driven by benchmark datasets that lack the high variation that these applications will face when deployed in the real-world. To close this gap, we present the ORBIT dataset, grounded in a real-world application of teachable object recognizers for people who are blind/low vision. We provide a full, unfiltered dataset of 4,733 videos of 588 objects recorded by 97 people who are blind/low-vision on their mobile phones, and a benchmark dataset of 3,822 videos of 486 objects collected by 77 collectors. The code for loading the dataset, computing all benchmark metrics, and running the baseline models is available at https://github.com/microsoft/ORBIT-DatasetThis version comprises several zip files:- train, validation, test: benchmark dataset, organised by collector, with raw videos split into static individual frames in jpg format at 30FPS- other: data not in the benchmark set, organised by collector, with raw videos split into static individual frames in jpg format at 30FPS (please note that the train, validation, test, and other files make up the unfiltered dataset)- *_224: as for the benchmark, but static individual frames are scaled down to 224 pixels.- *_unfiltered_videos: full unfiltered dataset, organised by collector, in mp4 format.

There are a total of 17 questions in the survey, addressing the following categories:Internet useMobile phone use (smartphones & basic voice/SMS phones)Awareness and use of WikipediaGeneral demographicsThe survey collected 2500 total responses, representing populations in 5 geographical regions served by 3 mobile Iraqi operators. 3 language choices (Arabic, English, Kurdish) were provided.Here are the main questions this survey was designed to answer. However, analyzing the full data set allows you to conduct more in-depth data explorations and gain meaningful insights beyond the points presented here.What is the actual number of people who use the internet?(Real-world behavior makes this difficult to measure from industry reports, since people might have access to the internet through school, friends, internet cafés, public Wifi, etc.)For internet users: What do people mostly use the internet for?For non-internet users: Why not use the internet?How many people use smartphones?Do people with smartphones use the internet from just Wifi? Or just cellular service?How many people think that they don’t use the internet, but still use Facebook or WhatsApp?How many people have heard of Wikipedia? What do they use it for? How often?If they have heard of Wikipedia, but aren’t using it, why not?Compared to previous phone surveys in other countries, the 2017 Iraq phone survey presented new questions.What are people’s awareness of other major internet brands in comparison to Wikipedia?Can people find online content in their preferred language?How does data cost impact internet use?

Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world’s most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of almost 145,000 people in 139 economies, representing 97 percent of the world’s population. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

Kelbadjaro-Lacha, Nakhichevan, East Zangezur, and Nagorno-Karabakh territories not included. These areas represent approximately 18% of the total population.

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19–related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Additionally, phone surveys were not a viable option in 16 economies in 2021, which were then surveyed in 2022.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for Azerbaijan is 1028.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Mobile Phone Company Description:

A mobile phone company is a business organization that designs, manufactures, markets, and/or sells mobile phones and related services. These companies may operate as hardware manufacturers producing smartphones and accessories, or as service providers offering cellular network connectivity, mobile internet, and value-added services.

Mobile phone companies play a key role in the telecommunications industry by connecting people globally through voice, messaging, and data services. They often offer a range of products and services, including prepaid and postpaid plans, 4G/5G network access, mobile applications, customer support, and device financing options.

Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world’s most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of almost 145,000 people in 139 economies, representing 97 percent of the world’s population. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

Because of security issues and difficult terrain, seven regions are excluded from the sampling: Lac, Ouaddaï, Wadi Fira, Bourkou, Ennedi, Tibesti, Salamat. In addition, the North Kanem and Bahr El Gazal North districts were excluded due to accessibility issues. Quartiers/villages with less than 50 inhabitants are also excluded from sampling. The excluded areas represent 23% of the population.

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19–related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Additionally, phone surveys were not a viable option in 16 economies in 2021, which were then surveyed in 2022.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for Chad is 1000.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world's most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of about 128,000 adults in more than 120 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

Tibet was excluded from the sample. The excluded areas represent less than 1 percent of the total population of China.

Analysis unit

Individual

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19 related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Phone surveys were not a viable option in 17 economies that had been part of previous Global Findex surveys, however, because of low mobile phone ownership and surveying restrictions. Data for these economies will be collected in 2022 and released in 2023.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for China is 3500.

Mode of data collection

Mobile telephone

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

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Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world’s most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of almost 145,000 people in 139 economies, representing 97 percent of the world’s population. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19–related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Additionally, phone surveys were not a viable option in 16 economies in 2021, which were then surveyed in 2022.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for Guatemala is 1000.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world's most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of about 128,000 adults in more than 120 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

Did not include Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) and Gilgit-Baltistan. The excluded area represents approximately 5 percent of the total population. Gender-matched sampling was used during the final stage of selection.

Analysis unit

Individual

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19 related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Phone surveys were not a viable option in 17 economies that had been part of previous Global Findex surveys, however, because of low mobile phone ownership and surveying restrictions. Data for these economies will be collected in 2022 and released in 2023.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for Pakistan is 1002.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

India phone surveyThere are a total of 19 questions in the survey, addressing the following categories:Internet useMobile phone use (smartphones & basic voice/SMS phones)Awareness and use of WikipediaThe 2016 Indian phone survey is a composite of 7 individual regional surveys. The survey covered over 90% of India's geography, gathering over 9000 full responses from a set of 12 languages presented. Here are the main questions this survey was designed to answer. However, analyzing the full data set allows you to conduct more in-depth data explorations and gain meaningful insights beyond the points presented here:What is the actual number of people who use the internet?(Real-world behavior makes this difficult to measure from industry reports, since people might have access to the internet through school, friends, internet cafés, public Wifi, etc.)For internet users: What do people mostly use the internet for?For non-internet users: Why not use the internet?How many people use smartphones?Do people with smartphones use the internet from just Wifi? Or just cellular service?How many people think that they don’t use the internet, but still use Facebook or WhatsApp?How many people have heard of Wikipedia? What do they use it for? How often?If they have heard of Wikipedia, but aren’t using it, why not?

Context

There is a lack of public available datasets on financial services and specially in the emerging mobile money transactions domain. Financial datasets are important to many researchers and in particular to us performing research in the domain of fraud detection. Part of the problem is the intrinsically private nature of financial transactions, that leads to no publicly available datasets.

We present a synthetic dataset generated using the simulator called PaySim as an approach to such a problem. PaySim uses aggregated data from the private dataset to generate a synthetic dataset that resembles the normal operation of transactions and injects malicious behaviour to later evaluate the performance of fraud detection methods.

Content

PaySim simulates mobile money transactions based on a sample of real transactions extracted from one month of financial logs from a mobile money service implemented in an African country. The original logs were provided by a multinational company, who is the provider of the mobile financial service which is currently running in more than 14 countries all around the world.

This synthetic dataset is scaled down 1/4 of the original dataset and it is created just for Kaggle.

Headers

This is a sample of 1 row with headers explanation:

1,PAYMENT,1060.31,C429214117,1089.0,28.69,M1591654462,0.0,0.0,0,0

step - maps a unit of time in the real world. In this case 1 step is 1 hour of time. Total steps 744 (30 days simulation).

type - CASH-IN, CASH-OUT, DEBIT, PAYMENT and TRANSFER.

amount - amount of the transaction in local currency.

nameOrig - customer who started the transaction

oldbalanceOrg - initial balance before the transaction

newbalanceOrig - new balance after the transaction

nameDest - customer who is the recipient of the transaction

oldbalanceDest - initial balance recipient before the transaction. Note that there is not information for customers that start with M (Merchants).

newbalanceDest - new balance recipient after the transaction. Note that there is not information for customers that start with M (Merchants).

isFraud - This is the transactions made by the fraudulent agents inside the simulation. In this specific dataset the fraudulent behavior of the agents aims to profit by taking control or customers accounts and try to empty the funds by transferring to another account and then cashing out of the system.

isFlaggedFraud - The business model aims to control massive transfers from one account to another and flags illegal attempts. An illegal attempt in this dataset is an attempt to transfer more than 200.000 in a single transaction.

Past Research

There are 5 similar files that contain the run of 5 different scenarios. These files are better explained at my PhD thesis chapter 7 (PhD Thesis Available here http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12932).

We ran PaySim several times using random seeds for 744 steps, representing each hour of one month of real time, which matches the original logs. Each run took around 45 minutes on an i7 intel processor with 16GB of RAM. The final result of a run contains approximately 24 million of financial records divided into the 5 types of categories: CASH-IN, CASH-OUT, DEBIT, PAYMENT and TRANSFER.

Acknowledgements

This work is part of the research project ”Scalable resource-efficient systems for big data analytics” funded by the Knowledge Foundation (grant: 20140032) in Sweden.

Please refer to this dataset using the following citations:

PaySim first paper of the simulator:

E. A. Lopez-Rojas , A. Elmir, and S. Axelsson. "PaySim: A financial mobile money simulator for fraud detection". In: The 28th European Modeling and Simulation Symposium-EMSS, Larnaca, Cyprus. 2016

Replay Attack Dataset consists of 1,500 individuals who provided selfies, followed by 3,000 replay display attacks executed across 15 different mobile devices. These attacks are captured from a diverse range of devices, spanning low, medium, and high-end mobile phones, providing extensive variation in screen types, lighting, and environmental conditions

Dataset Description:

• 1,500 individuals: Diverse mix of genders and ethnicities, each contributing one selfie.
• 3,000 replay display attacks: Crafted from the provided selfies, representing a wide range of mobile devices.
• 15 mobile devices: Devices span low, medium, and high-end spectrums, ensuring a broad variety of screen qualities and device types.
• Real-life selfies: High-quality selfies with no filters, at least 720p resolution, and clear facial features.
• Replay display attacks: Attacks include zoom-in, zoom-out phases for multiple frames, with no visible phone borders.

Real Life Selfies Description: - Selfie quality: 720p or higher resolution - Face clarity: Clear facial images with no filters or alterations - Diverse contributors: Representing a wide range of ethnicities and genders to ensure balanced data

Replay Display Attacks Description: - Attack duration: Each attack video lasts approximately 5 seconds. - Device diversity: Captured across 15 mobile devices, ensuring high diversity of device types. - Zoom in movement: Replay videos include zoom-in and zoom-out phases for multiple frames, mimicking realistic attack behaviors - Phone borders: The attacks are designed such that phone borders are non-visible, focusing on the display content

Full version of dataset is availible for commercial usage - leave a request on our website Axonlabs to purchase the dataset 💰

Potential Use Cases:

• Liveness Detection: Ideal for training and evaluating liveness detection models to differentiate between real selfies and replay attacks
• Spoof Detection: Enables the development of anti-spoofing technology and security measures for facial recognition systems in mobile and biometric authentication Biometric Authentication: Useful for improving security in systems that rely on mobile face recognition

Why This Dataset Is Important:

• Tailored for iBeta Certification Level 1: Meets the standards for iBeta's Level 1 biometric testing, ensuring high relevance for real-world applications
• Replay Attacks Are Common PAD Threats: Replay attacks are among the most prevalent Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) threats, making this dataset crucial for developing robust countermeasures in biometric security

Why This Dataset is Better Than Competitors:

• Zoom-In, Zoom-Out Phase: Unique inclusion of zooming effects throughout the attack sequence, providing a more realistic and dynamic simulation of replay attacks
• No Visible Phone Borders: Unlike other datasets, this dataset removes visible phone borders, making the attack scenarios more similar to real-world threats Diverse Device Range: Provides attacks from a broad spectrum of mobile devices, enhancing the dataset’s applicability across different device types and qualities

Other Datasets for iBeta 1:

• iBeta level 1 certification Dataset

• Photo Print Attacks Dataset

• Cutout 2D attacks Dataset

• Display Replay Attacks Dataset

Keywords: Mobile Devices, Liveness Detection, Replay Attack Dataset, Biometric Authentication, Spoof Detection, Facial Recognition, Anti-Spoofing Technology, iBeta Certification, Presentation Attack Detection (PAD), AI Dataset, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Security Systems, Replay Display Attacks

Stop relying on outdated and inaccurate databases and let Wiza be your source of truth for all deal sourcing and founder / CEO outreach.

Why we're different: The search fund market is dynamic and competitive - Wiza is not a static financial database that gets refreshed on occasion. Every datapoint is sourced and verified the moment that you receive the information. We verify deliverability of every single email ahead of providing the data, and we ensure that each person in your dataset has 100% job title and company accuracy by leveraging Linkedin Data sourced through their live Linkedin profile.

Key Features:

Comprehensive Data Coverage: Stop contacting the same people as everyone else. Wiza's search fund Data is sourced live, not stored in a limited database. When you tell us the type of company or person you would like to contact, we leverage Linkedin Data (the largest, most accurate database in the world) to find everyone who matches your ICP, and then we source the contact data and company data in real-time.

High-Quality, Accurate Data: Wiza ensures accuracy of all datapoints by taking a few key steps that other data providers fail to take: (1) Every email is SMTP verified ahead of delivery, ensuring they will not bounce (2) Every person's Linkedin profile is checked live to ensure we have 100% job title, company, location, etc. accuracy, ahead of providing any data (3) Phone numbers are constantly being verified with AI to ensure accuracy

Linkedin Data: Wiza is able to provide Linkedin Data points, sourced live from each person's Linkedin profile, including Subtitle, Bio, Job Title, Job Description, Skills, Languages, Certifications, Work History, Education, Open to Work, Premium Status, and more!

Personal Data: Wiza has access to industry leading volumes of B2C Contact Data, meaning you can find gmail/yahoo/hotmail email addresses, and mobile phone number data to contact your potential partners.

Please cite our paper if you publish material based on those datasets

G. Khodabandelou, V. Gauthier, M. El-Yacoubi, M. Fiore, "Estimation of Static and Dynamic Urban Populations with Mobile Network Metadata", in IEEE Trans. on Mobile Computing, 2018 (in Press). 10.1109/TMC.2018.2871156

Abstract

Communication-enabled devices that are physically carried by individuals are today pervasive,
which opens unprecedented opportunities for collecting digital metadata about the mobility of large populations. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology for the estimation of people density at metropolitan scales, using subscriber presence metadata collected by a mobile operator. We show that our approach suits the estimation of static population densities, i.e., of the distribution of dwelling units per urban area contained in traditional censuses. Specifically, it achieves higher accuracy than that granted by previous equivalent solutions. In addition, our approach enables the estimation of dynamic population densities, i.e., the time-varying distributions of people in a conurbation. Our results build on significant real-world mobile network metadata and relevant ground-truth information in multiple urban scenarios.

Dataset Columns

This dataset cover one month of data taken during the month of April 2015 for three Italian cities: Rome, Milan, Turin. The raw data has been provided during the Telecom Italia Big Data Challenge (http://www.telecomitalia.com/tit/en/innovazione/archivio/big-data-challenge-2015.html)

1. grid_id: the coordinate of the grid can be retrieved with the shapefile of a given city
2. date: format Y-M-D H:M:S
4. landuse_label: the land use label has been computed by through method described in [2]
5. presence: presence data of a given grid id as provided by the Telecom Italia Big Data Challenge
6. population: Census population of a given grid block as defined by the Istituto nazionale di statistica (ISTAT https://www.istat.it/en/censuses) in 2011
7. estimation: Dynamics density population estimation (in person) as the result of the method described in [1]
8. area: surface of the "grid id" considered in km^2
9. geometry: the shape of the area considered with the EPSG:3003 coordinate system (only with quilt)

Note

Due to legal constraints, we cannot share directly the original data from Telecom Italia Big Data Challenge we used to build this dataset.

Easy access to this dataset with quilt

Install the dataset repository:

$ quilt install vgauthier/DynamicPopEstimate

Use the dataset with a Panda Dataframe

>>> from quilt.data.vgauthier import DynamicPopEstimate
>>> import pandas as pd
>>> df = pd.DataFrame(DynamicPopEstimate.rome())

Use the dataset with a GeoPanda Dataframe

>>> from quilt.data.vgauthier import DynamicPopEstimate
>>> import geopandas as gpd
>>> df = gpd.DataFrame(DynamicPopEstimate.rome())

References

[1] G. Khodabandelou, V. Gauthier, M. El-Yacoubi, M. Fiore, "Population estimation from mobile network traffic metadata", in proc of the 17th International Symposium on A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM), pp. 1 - 9, 2016.

[2] A. Furno, M. Fiore, R. Stanica, C. Ziemlicki, and Z. Smoreda, "A tale of ten cities: Characterizing signatures of mobile traffic in urban areas," IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, Volume: 16, Issue: 10, 2017.

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