This table aims to show the distribution of welfare of persons in the Netherlands, measured by their income. The figures in this table are broken down to different person characteristics.

The population consists of all persons in private households with income on January 1st of the reporting year. In the population for the subject low-income persons, persons in both student households and households with income only for a part of the year have been excluded. The population for the subject economic independence consists of all persons aged from 15 to the OAP-age in private households with income on January 1st of the reporting year, except for students and pupils.

Data available from: 2011

Status of the figures: The figures for 2011 to 2022 are final. The figures for 2023 are preliminary.

Changes as of November 2024: The preliminary figures for 2023 have been added.

When will new figures be published? New figures will be published in the fall of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for Government current expenditures: Income security: Welfare and social services (G160371A027NBEA) from 1959 to 2023 about social assistance, expenditures, government, services, income, GDP, and USA.

Social welfare statistics_ Presentation of the application data for the organization of the people's groups is presented in [Social Bureau net People's group service statistical data] group category, number of groups

Motivation

In the United States, city governments provide many services: they run public school districts, administer certain welfare and health programs, build roads and manage airports, provide police and fire protection, inspect buildings, and often run water and utility systems. Cities also get revenues through certain local taxes, various fees and permit costs, sale of property, and through the fees they charge for the utilities they run.

It would be interesting to compare all these expenses and revenues across cities and over time, but also quite difficult. Cities share many of these service responsibilities with other government agencies: in one particular city, some roads may be maintained by the state government, some law enforcement provided by the county sheriff, some schools run by independent school districts with their own tax revenue, and some utilities run by special independent utility districts. These governmental structures vary greatly by state and by individual city. It would be hard to make a fair comparison without taking into account all these differences.

This dataset takes into account all those differences. The Lincoln Institute of Land Policy produces what they call “Fiscally Standardized Cities” (FiSCs), aggregating all services provided to city residents regardless of how they may be divided up by different government agencies and jurisdictions. Using this, we can study city expenses and revenues, and how the proportions of different costs vary over time.

Data

The dataset tracks over 200 American cities between 1977 and 2020. Each row represents one city for one year. Revenue and expenditures are broken down into more than 120 categories.

Values are available for FiSCs and also for the entities that make it up: the city, the county, independent school districts, and any special districts, such as utility districts. There are hence five versions of each variable, with suffixes indicating the entity. For example, taxes gives the FiSC’s tax revenue, while taxes_city, taxes_cnty, taxes_schl, and taxes_spec break it down for the city, county, school districts, and special districts.

The values are organized hierarchically. For example, taxes is the sum of tax_property (property taxes), tax_sales_general (sales taxes), tax_income (income tax), and tax_other (other taxes). And tax_income is itself the sum of tax_income_indiv (individual income tax) and tax_income_corp (corporate income tax) subcategories.

Variable Description

• year Year for these values
• city_name Name of the city, such as “AK: Anchorage”, where “AK” is the standard two-letter abbreviation for Alaska
• city_population Estimated city population, based on Census data
• county_name Name of the county the city is in
• county_population Estimated county population, based on Census data
• cpi Consumer Price Index for this year, scaled so that 2020 is 1.
• relationship_city_school Type of school district. 1: City-wide independent school district that serves the entire city. 2: County-wide independent school district that serves the entire county. 3: One or more independent school districts whose boundaries extend beyond the city. 4: School district run by or dependent on the city. 5: School district run by or dependent on the county.
• enrollment Estimated number of public school students living in the city.
• districts_in_city Estimated number of school districts in the city.
• consolidated_govt Whether the city has a consolidated city-county government (1 = yes, 0 = no). For example, Philadelphia’s city and county government are the same entity; they are not separate governments.
• id2_city 12-digit city identifier, from the Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances
• id2_county 12-digit county identifier
• city_types Two types: core and legacy. There are 150 core cities, “including the two largest cities in each state, plus all cities with populations of 150,000+ in 1980 and 200,000+ in 2010”. Legacy cities include “95 cities with population declines of at least 20 percent from their peak, poverty rates exceeding the national average, and a peak population of at least 50,000”. Some cities are both (denoted “core

The revenue and expenses variables are described in this detailed table. Further documentation is available on the FiSC Database website, linked in References below.

All monetary data is already adjusted for inflation, and is given in terms of 2020 US dollars per capita. The Consumer Price Index is provided for each year if you prefer to use numbers not adjusted for inflation, scaled so that 2020 is 1; simply divide each value by the CPI to get the value in that year’s nominal dollars. The total population is also provided if you want total values instead of per-capita values.

Questions

• Do some exploratory data analysis. Are there any outlying cities? Any interesting trends and rela...

In 2023, **** percent of Black people living in the United States were living below the poverty line, compared to *** percent of white people. That year, the total poverty rate in the U.S. across all races and ethnicities was **** percent. Poverty in the United States Single people in the United States making less than ****** U.S. dollars a year and families of four making less than ****** U.S. dollars a year are considered to be below the poverty line. Women and children are more likely to suffer from poverty, due to women staying home more often than men to take care of children, and women suffering from the gender wage gap. Not only are women and children more likely to be affected, racial minorities are as well due to the discrimination they face. Poverty data Despite being one of the wealthiest nations in the world, the United States had the third highest poverty rate out of all OECD countries in 2019. However, the United States' poverty rate has been fluctuating since 1990, but has been decreasing since 2014. The average median household income in the U.S. has remained somewhat consistent since 1990, but has recently increased since 2014 until a slight decrease in 2020, potentially due to the pandemic. The state that had the highest number of people living below the poverty line in 2020 was California.

Graph and download economic data for SNAP Benefits Recipients in Cook County, IL (CBR17031ILA647NCEN) from 1989 to 2022 about Cook County, IL; Chicago; SNAP; nutrition; food stamps; benefits; IL; food; and USA.

Occupation describes the kind of work a person does on the job. Occupation data were derived from answers to questions 45 and 46 in the 2015 American Community Survey (ACS). Question 45 asks: “What kind of work was this person doing?” Question 46 asks: “What were this person’s most important activities or duties?”

These questions were asked of all people 15 years old and over who had worked in the past 5 years. For employed people, the data refer to the person’s job during the previous week. For those who worked two or more jobs, the data refer to the job where the person worked the greatest number of hours. For unemployed people and people who are not currently employed but report having a job within the last five years, the data refer to their last job.

These questions describe the work activity and occupational experience of the American labor force. Data are used to formulate policy and programs for employment, career development, and training; to provide information on the occupational skills of the labor force in a given area to analyze career trends; and to measure compliance with antidiscrimination policies. Companies use these data to decide where to locate new plants, stores, or offices.

United States US: Survey Mean Consumption or Income per Capita: Bottom 40% of Population: Annualized Average Growth Rate data was reported at 1.310 % in 2016. United States US: Survey Mean Consumption or Income per Capita: Bottom 40% of Population: Annualized Average Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 1.310 % from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. United States US: Survey Mean Consumption or Income per Capita: Bottom 40% of Population: Annualized Average Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. The growth rate in the welfare aggregate of the bottom 40% is computed as the annualized average growth rate in per capita real consumption or income of the bottom 40% of the population in the income distribution in a country from household surveys over a roughly 5-year period. Mean per capita real consumption or income is measured at 2011 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using the PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet). For some countries means are not reported due to grouped and/or confidential data. The annualized growth rate is computed as (Mean in final year/Mean in initial year)^(1/(Final year - Initial year)) - 1. The reference year is the year in which the underlying household survey data was collected. In cases for which the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the first year in which data were collected is reported. The initial year refers to the nearest survey collected 5 years before the most recent survey available, only surveys collected between 3 and 7 years before the most recent survey are considered. The final year refers to the most recent survey available between 2011 and 2015. Growth rates for Iraq are based on survey means of 2005 PPP$. The coverage and quality of the 2011 PPP price data for Iraq and most other North African and Middle Eastern countries were hindered by the exceptional period of instability they faced at the time of the 2011 exercise of the International Comparison Program. See PovcalNet for detailed explanations.; ; World Bank, Global Database of Shared Prosperity (GDSP) circa 2010-2015 (http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/brief/global-database-of-shared-prosperity).; ; The comparability of welfare aggregates (consumption or income) for the chosen years T0 and T1 is assessed for every country. If comparability across the two surveys is a major concern for a country, the selection criteria are re-applied to select the next best survey year(s). Annualized growth rates are calculated between the survey years, using a compound growth formula. The survey years defining the period for which growth rates are calculated and the type of welfare aggregate used to calculate the growth rates are noted in the footnotes.

Statistical data on the provision or referral of welfare services for homeless people in Tainan City in 110 years

In 2023 the poverty rate in the United States was highest among people between 18 and 24, with a rate of 16 percent for male Americans and a rate of 21 percent for female Americans. The lowest poverty rate for both men and women was for those aged between 45 and 54. What is the poverty line? The poverty line is a metric used by the U.S. Census Bureau to define poverty in the United States. It is a specific income level that is considered to be the bare minimum a person or family needs to meet their basic needs. If a family’s annual pre-tax income is below this income level, then they are considered impoverished. The poverty guideline for a family of four in 2021 was 26,500 U.S. dollars. Living below the poverty line According to the most recent data, almost one-fifth of African Americans in the United States live below the poverty line; the most out of any ethnic group. Additionally, over 7.42 million families in the U.S. live in poverty – a figure that has held mostly steady since 1990, outside the 2008 financial crisis which threw 9.52 million families into poverty by 2012. The poverty gender gap Wage inequality has been an ongoing discussion in U.S. discourse for many years now. The poverty gap for women is most pronounced during their child-bearing years, shrinks, and then grows again in old age. While progress has been made on the gender pay gap over the last 30 years, there are still significant disparities, even in occupations that predominantly employ men. Additionally, women are often having to spend more time attending to child and household duties than men.

CN: Social Assistance: No of Urban and Rural Poverty-stricken People data was reported at 4,788.000 Unit th in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,797.000 Unit th for Dec 2024. CN: Social Assistance: No of Urban and Rural Poverty-stricken People data is updated quarterly, averaging 4,673.000 Unit th from Sep 2017 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,797.000 Unit th in Dec 2024 and a record low of 4,374.000 Unit th in Mar 2020. CN: Social Assistance: No of Urban and Rural Poverty-stricken People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Civil Affairs. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GH: Civil Affairs Statistics.

The dataset shall include data on: Public notice for personalised independent living projects (Pro.V.I) for personal autonomy, social and work inclusion for people with disabilities even without family support (Pro.V.I. Dopo di Noi) L. N. 112/2016

Number of people approved for severe or above disability welfare subsidies

Poverty and low-income statistics by visible minority group, Indigenous group and immigration status, Canada and provinces.

Graph and download economic data for SNAP Benefits Recipients in Philadelphia County/City, PA (CBR42101PAA647NCEN) from 1989 to 2022 about Philadelphia County/City, PA; Philadelphia; SNAP; nutrition; food stamps; benefits; PA; food; and USA.

Provide statistics on homeless treatment and welfare service referrals in Tainan City

This poll, fielded October 23-27, 1996, is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to give their opinions of President Bill Clinton and his handling of the presidency and issues such as foreign policy. Several questions asked how much respondents had been paying attention to the presidential campaign, whether they were likely to vote in the election for president, which candidate they would vote for if the presidential and United States House of Representatives elections were being held that day, whether they had favorable opinions of the candidates and trusted them, and who they expected to win. Respondents were asked to rate the condition of the national economy, whether they thought trade with other countries, such as Mexico and Canada, was good for the United States economy, whether they approved of the way Bill Clinton was handling relations with Cuba, Mexico, and Canada, and the importance of these countries to the United States' interests. Several questions asked for respondents' opinions on welfare, including whether most people on welfare were immigrants or belonged to a specific ethnic group, whether respondents approved of a recent law that changed the welfare system, and whether eligibility for welfare should be limited. A series of questions asked respondents whether trade restrictions were necessary, whether they favored the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), whether it should be expanded to other Latin American countries, and how many foreign products respondents had purchased in the past few years. Respondents were asked for their opinions on immigration to the United States, including the effects of immigration on society, whether immigrants should be eligible for entitlements programs and other benefits, and the country of origin of current legal and illegal immigrants. Information was also collected on whether respondents considered themselves part of the conservative Christian movement, and Hispanic respondents were asked about their country of birth and that of their ancestors. Additional topics included abortion, affirmative action, race and gender discrimination in job hiring practices, the trade embargo against Cuba, and whether the government should be more involved in people's lives and do more to solve national problems. Demographic variables include sex, race, age, household income, education level, political party affiliation, political philosophy, voter participation history and registration status, employment status, military service, whether respondents had any children under the age of 18, household union membership, length of time living at current residence, and type of residential area (e.g., urban or rural).

Graph and download economic data for SNAP Benefits Recipients in Orleans Parish, LA (CBR22071LAA647NCEN) from 1989 to 2022 about Orleans Parish, LA; New Orleans; LA; SNAP; nutrition; food stamps; benefits; food; and USA.

National Statistics release of the main DWP-administered benefits via Stat-Xplore or supplementary tables where appropriate.

Housing Benefit

An interruption in the supply of data from Hackney Borough Council has affected Housing Benefit (HB) statistics from December 2020. Data problems are unlikely to be fixed until late into 2021 and until then HB statistics that cover Hackney will be derived from earlier data. This means estimates for London and Hackney on Stat-Xplore will deteriorate in their quality and accuracy. To find out what we are doing to maintain our HB statistics, please refer to our background information note for the DWP benefits statistics. Please also note caveats and warnings on Stat-Xplore where they appear.

State Pension

During 2019, a new DWP computer system called “Get Your State Pension” (GYSP) came online to handle new State Pension claims. Initially, the GYSP system handled claims received online through the GOV.UK site, where people have been sent invitations to claim in this new way.

The number of State Pension recipients being handled by the new system has been gradually building up, and at November 2020 there were approximately 47,100 cases in payment on the new system. This represents 0.4% of the total number of State Pension recipients.

We are not yet able to include GYSP data in our published statistics for State Pension. Figures will therefore carry an undercount. We are developing new statistical datasets that will enable us include them in the near future. Once we have quality assured the new data we will announce further plans for their inclusion.

Further information about this release can be found on the DWP benefits statistics collection page and in the “Welfare and Benefits” community on StatsUserNet.

We now have a dedicated email address for these statistics. If you have any comments or questions, get in touch at: benefits.statistics@dwp.gov.uk.

Also published

Also published as part of this release as data tables are statistics on:

• Maternity Allowance
• Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit

More information

A statistical summary document is published every 6 months in February and August each year. It contains a high level summary of the latest National Statistics on DWP benefits.

Find further information about the statistics, including details on changes and revisions, in the background and methodology documents.

Graph and download economic data for SNAP Benefits Recipients in Harris County, TX (CBR48201TXA647NCEN) from 1989 to 2022 about Harris County, TX; Houston; SNAP; nutrition; food stamps; benefits; food; TX; and USA.