AbstractThe Parliament consists of the King (represented by the Governor-General) and two Houses (the Senate and the House of Representatives).The House of Representatives reviews, debates and votes on proposed laws.Each member elected to the House of Representatives represents a single electoral division, also known as an electorate, which does not cross state or territory borders.Each of the six states, the Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory gains representation in the House of Representatives in proportion to their population, and there are a similar number of electors in each electoral division within a given state or territory.The names and boundaries of electoral divisions within a state or territory are reviewed periodically and may be adjusted.This process is known as a redistribution of federal electoral divisions.The Federal Electoral Divisions dataset contains the names and geographic boundaries of the federal electoral divisions in Australia.The Senate is also often referred to as the ‘state’s house’ or the ‘house of review’.The Senate"s law-making powers are equal to those of the House of Representatives except that it cannot introduce or amend proposed laws that authorise expenditure for the ordinary annual services of the government or that impose taxation.Those elected to the Senate are called ‘Senator’.Senators represent all of one of the six states, the Australian Capital Territory or the Northern Territory.There are 12 senators for each of the six states and there are two senators each for the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory.These boundaries are provided in vector format with Electoral Divisions represented by polygons.Redistributions of federal electoral divisions are conducted of individual states or territories. The electoral divisions in this data have been used at general elections conducted since the date on which the redistribution was determined:NSW - electoral divisions reflect changes made as a result of the redistribution of New South Wales determined on 10 October 2024.VIC - electoral divisions reflect changes made as a result of the redistribution of Victoria determined on 17 October 2024.QLD - electoral divisions reflect changes made as a result of the redistribution of Queensland determined on 27 March 2018.WA - electoral divisions reflect changes made as a result of the redistribution of Western Australia determined on 24 September 2024.SA - electoral divisions reflect changes made as a result of the redistribution of South Australia determined on 20 July 2018.TAS - electoral divisions reflect changes made as a result of the redistribution of Tasmania determined on 14 November 2017.ACT - electoral divisions reflect changes made as a result of the redistribution of the Australian Capital Territory determined on 13 July 2018.NT - electoral divisions reflect changes made as a result of the redistribution of the Northern Territory determined on 4 March 2025.CurrencyDate modified: 4 March 2025Data extentSpatial extentNorth: -9.115517°South: -43.740510°East: 167.998035°West: 96.816941°Source InformationThe data is downloadable from the AEC website.Further information can be found on the AEC's GIS page.Catalog entry: Product catalogue.Known LimitationsThe data (Federal Electoral Divisions 2025) has been used in Digital Atlas of Australia with the permission of the Australian Electoral Commission. The Australian Electoral Commission has not evaluated the data as altered and incorporated within Digital Atlas of Australia, and therefore gives no warranty regarding its accuracy, completeness, currency or suitability for any particular purpose.In a small number of cases, gaps between state/territory borders are evident. To clarify which electoral division an area is part of, it is recommended to check the relevant SA1 against the information on the Australian Electoral Commission website listing the SA1 make-up of electoral divisions.Lineage StatementThe data was downloaded from the AEC website on the 4th March 2025 by the Digital Atlas of Australia team. For the purposes of web viewing, the data was reprojected to EPSG:3857 - Web Mercator.ContactGeoscience Australia, clientservices@ga.gov.au

Data on how many seats change each election.

If the value is positive, then the party that held the presidency at the time of the election gained seats, and vice versa.

Includes info on whether an election was a midterm or presidential election, as well as if the presidency flipped or was held during presidential elections.

This table presents the 2021 and 2016 population and dwelling counts, land area and population density for federal electoral districts (2013 Representation Order), as well as the percentage change in the population and dwelling counts between 2016 and 2021.

PROBLEM AND OPPORTUNITY In the United States, voting is largely a private matter. A registered voter is given a randomized ballot form or machine to prevent linkage between their voting choices and their identity. This disconnect supports confidence in the election process, but it provides obstacles to an election's analysis. A common solution is to field exit polls, interviewing voters immediately after leaving their polling location. This method is rife with bias, however, and functionally limited in direct demographics data collected. For the 2020 general election, though, most states published their election results for each voting location. These publications were additionally supported by the geographical areas assigned to each location, the voting precincts. As a result, geographic processing can now be applied to project precinct election results onto Census block groups. While precinct have few demographic traits directly, their geographies have characteristics that make them projectable onto U.S. Census geographies. Both state voting precincts and U.S. Census block groups: are exclusive, and do not overlap are adjacent, fully covering their corresponding state and potentially county have roughly the same size in area, population and voter presence Analytically, a projection of local demographics does not allow conclusions about voters themselves. However, the dataset does allow statements related to the geographies that yield voting behavior. One could say, for example, that an area dominated by a particular voting pattern would have mean traits of age, race, income or household structure. The dataset that results from this programming provides voting results allocated by Census block groups. The block group identifier can be joined to Census Decennial and American Community Survey demographic estimates. DATA SOURCES The state election results and geographies have been compiled by Voting and Election Science team on Harvard's dataverse. State voting precincts lie within state and county boundaries. The Census Bureau, on the other hand, publishes its estimates across a variety of geographic definitions including a hierarchy of states, counties, census tracts and block groups. Their definitions can be found here. The geometric shapefiles for each block group are available here. The lowest level of this geography changes often and can obsolesce before the next census survey (Decennial or American Community Survey programs). The second to lowest census level, block groups, have the benefit of both granularity and stability however. The 2020 Decennial survey details US demographics into 217,740 block groups with between a few hundred and a few thousand people. Dataset Structure The dataset's columns include: Column Definition BLOCKGROUP_GEOID 12 digit primary key. Census GEOID of the block group row. This code concatenates: 2 digit state 3 digit county within state 6 digit Census Tract identifier 1 digit Census Block Group identifier within tract STATE State abbreviation, redundent with 2 digit state FIPS code above REP Votes for Republican party candidate for president DEM Votes for Democratic party candidate for president LIB Votes for Libertarian party candidate for president OTH Votes for presidential candidates other than Republican, Democratic or Libertarian AREA square kilometers of area associated with this block group GAP total area of the block group, net of area attributed to voting precincts PRECINCTS Number of voting precincts that intersect this block group ASSUMPTIONS, NOTES AND CONCERNS: Votes are attributed based upon the proportion of the precinct's area that intersects the corresponding block group. Alternative methods are left to the analyst's initiative. 50 states and the District of Columbia are in scope as those U.S. possessions voting in the general election for the U.S. Presidency. Three states did not report their results at the precinct level: South Dakota, Kentucky and West Virginia. A dummy block group is added for each of these states to maintain national totals. These states represent 2.1% of all votes cast. Counties are commonly coded using FIPS codes. However, each election result file may have the county field named differently. Also, three states do not share county definitions - Delaware, Massachusetts, Alaska and the District of Columbia. Block groups may be used to capture geographies that do not have population like bodies of water. As a result, block groups without intersection voting precincts are not uncommon. In the U.S., elections are administered at a state level with the Federal Elections Commission compiling state totals against the Electoral College weights. The states have liberty, though, to define and change their own voting precincts https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_precinct. The Census Bureau... Visit https://dataone.org/datasets/sha256%3A05707c1dc04a814129f751937a6ea56b08413546b18b351a85bc96da16a7f8b5 for complete metadata about this dataset.

The National Elections across Democracy and Autocracy (NELDA) dataset provides detailed information on all election events from 1960-2006. To be included, elections must be for a national executive figure, such as a president, or for a national legislative body, such as a parliament, legislature, constituent assembly, or other directly elected representative bodies. In order for an election to be included, voters must directly elect the person or persons appearing on the ballot to the national post in question. Voting must also be direct, or “by the people” in the sense that mass voting takes place. That voting is “by the people” does not imply anything about the extent of the franchise: some regimes may construe this to mean a small portion of the population. However, when voting takes place by committee, institution or a coterie, the “election” is not included. By-elections are not counted as elections for the purpose of this project, unless they take the form of midterm elections occurring within a pre-established schedule. In federal systems, only elections to national-level bodies are included. Cases in which any portion of the seats in a national legislative body are filled through voting are included. Beyond these basic requirements, elections may or may not be competitive, and may have any number of other ostensible flaws. In fact, this last feature of the dataset is what separates NELDA most clearly from other available datasets on elections. (2011)

The Federal Electoral Districts (FED) dataset is a digital representation of the 343 electoral districts proclaimed by the 2023 Representation Orders. Canada is divided into 343 federal electoral districts. A representative or member of Parliament is elected for each electoral district. Following the release of population counts from each decennial census, the Chief Electoral Officer determines the number of seats in the House of Commons and publishes the information in the Canada Gazette. Electoral boundaries commissions then determine the adjustments to the constituency boundaries. The federal electoral boundaries commissions are independent bodies that make all decisions regarding the proposed and final federal electoral boundaries. Elections Canada provides support services to the boundaries commission in each province. Based on reports from these commissions, the Chief Electoral Officer prepares a representation order that describes the boundaries and specifies the name and the population of each FED. The 2023 Representation Order (proclaimed on September 22, 2023) was based on 2021 Census population counts, and increased the number of FEDs to 343, up from 338 from the previous 2013 Representation Order. Alberta received three additional seats while Ontario and British Columbia each gained one seat. The representation order is in force on the first dissolution of Parliament that occurs at least seven months after its proclamation (on or after April 23, 2024). The names of FEDs may change at any time through an Act of Parliament.

Results of the CPC Leadership Election of 2022 by electoral district as made publicly available by the Conservative Party of Canada in pdf format.

PDF was modified to make up this dataset so as to make the data usable in tabular form.

Original pdf located on the Conservative Party of Canada website HERE

This dataset provides the number of votes and the percentage of the first preference vote won by each of the parties in the 2016 federal election. The data also includes the first preferences swing by party - a comparison of the percentage of first preference votes for each party compared to the percentage of first preference votes received at the previous federal election.

For more information please visit the Australian Electoral Commission.

Please note:

• AURIN has combined and re-structured the original state level data for "First preferences by candidate by polling place".

• AURIN has spatially enabled the data using locations of polling places.

• AURIN has calculated the polling booth vote percentages for each party and included them in this dataset.

• Where multiple independent candidates were running for election in the same seat, their votes have been summed in this dataset and their swing percentages have been excluded.

• A first preference vote is where the voter has given that party's candidates a number 1 on the ballot paper.

This table is part of a series of tables that present a portrait of Canada based on the various census topics. The tables range in complexity and levels of geography. Content varies from a simple overview of the country to complex cross-tabulations; the tables may also cover several censuses.

This dataset provides the number of votes and the percentage of the first preference vote won by each of the parties in the 2019 federal election. The data also includes the first preferences swing by party - a comparison of the percentage of first preference votes for each party compared to the percentage of first preference votes received at the previous federal election.

For more information please visit the Australian Electoral Commission.

Please note:

• AURIN has combined and re-structured the original state level data for "First preferences by candidate by polling place".

• AURIN has spatially enabled the data using locations of polling places.

• AURIN has calculated the polling place vote percentages for each party and included them in this dataset.

• Where multiple independent candidates were running for election in the same seat, their votes have been summed and their swing percentages have been excluded from this dataset.

• A first preference vote is where the voter has given that party's candidates a number 1 on the ballot paper.

• These results are not final.

Demographic variables of 7481 Polling Booth Catchments (PBCs) in Australia. The CCDs at the 2006 Census of Population and Housing were spatially allocated to a nearest polling booth location to form polling booth catchments within each of the 150 Electoral Divisions. The 150 booth catchments layers were then merged into one Australia booth catchments layer. The demographic variables were derived from 2006 census.

This table is part of a series of tables that present a portrait of Canada based on the various census topics. The tables range in complexity and levels of geography. Content varies from a simple overview of the country to complex cross-tabulations; the tables may also cover several censuses.

Canada is divided into 308 electoral districts. A representative or member of Parliament is elected for each electoral district. Following the release of population counts from each decennial census, the Chief Electoral Officer determines the number of seats in the House of Commons and publishes the information in the Canada Gazette. Electoral boundaries commissions then determine the adjustments to the constituency boundaries. The federal electoral boundaries commissions are independent bodies that make all decisions regarding the proposed and final federal electoral boundaries. Elections Canada provides support services to the boundaries commission in each province. Based on reports from these commissions, the Chief Electoral Officer prepares a representation order that describes the boundaries and specifies the name and the population of each FED. The representation order is in force on the first dissolution of Parliament that occurs at least one year after its proclamation. The 2003 Representation Order (proclaimed on August 25, 2003) was based on 2001 Census population counts, and increased the number of FEDs to 308, up from 301 from the previous 1996 Representation Order. Ontario received three additional seats, while Alberta and British Columbia each gained two seats. The names of FEDs may change at any time through an Act of Parliament.

This dataset provides the location of polling places for the 2019 federal election.

For more information please visit the Australian Electoral Commission.

Please note:

• AURIN has spatially enabled the original data.

Context

Open Election Data: USA

Americans vote for a specific candidate instead of directly selecting a particular political party. With a federal government, officials are elected at the federal (national), state and local levels. On a national level, the president, is elected indirectly by the people, through an Electoral College. In modern times, the electors virtually always vote with the popular vote of their state. All members of Congress, and the offices at the state and local levels are directly elected. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States#Political_parties_and_elections

The goal of the OpenElections project is to create the first free, comprehensive, standardized, linked set of election results data for the United States. See http://www.openelections.net and https://github.com/openelections for more detail.

Content

Election data from http://www.openelections.net and https://github.com/openelections. There is election data for the USA as a whole and there is also election data for every precinct within every state. Folders that contain the word "source" have the original PDF documents that describe the election results (which are summarized in folders that contain the word "results") while folders that contain the word "data" contain clean .CSV files that were generated by parsing the original PDFs.

Acknowledgements

Banner image from @element5digital on Unsplash.

Data from http://www.openelections.net and https://github.com/openelections for more detail.

The datasets were all released under open licenses, mostly creative commons and MIT open licenses. See individual repositories for more detail: https://github.com/openelections.

The data was last updated on November 30th, 2019, by running the following code snippet:

CNTX={users}; NAME={openelections}; PAGE=1
curl "https://api.github.com/$CNTX/$NAME/repos?page=$PAGE&per_page=100" |
 grep -e 'git_url*' |
 cut -d \" -f 4 |
 xargs -L1 git clone

And then the data was cleaned as follows:

python3 ./cwd/replace_andsign_with_andtext.py ./cwd/open-elections-data-by-state-and-precinct

Where replace_andsign_with_andtext.py =

import os import shutil import sys

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(sys.argv[1], topdown=False): for f in files: shutil.move( root+"/"+f, root+"/"+f.replace("&", "and").strip() ) for dr in dirs: shutil.move( root+"/"+dr, root+"/"+dr.replace("&", "and").strip() )

find ./Desktop/open-elections-data-by-state-and-precinct/ -type f -iname \*.zip -delete

find ./Desktop/open-elections-data-by-state-and-precinct/ -type f -iname \*.gz -delete

This dataset provides the two-party preferred (TPP) number of votes and the percentage of the vote won by the two major parties in the 2019 federal election. The data also includes the national TPP swing - a comparison of the percentage of TPP votes for each party compared to the percentage of TPP votes received at the previous federal election.

For more information please visit the Australian Electoral Commission.

Please note:

• AURIN has re-structured and spatially enabled the original data using the locations of polling places.

• TPP is a count of House of Representatives votes for the two major parties - Liberal/National Coalition and Australian Labor Party - without taking into account preferences for other parties.

• These results are not final.

The 2025 AES is the fourteenth in a series of surveys beginning in 1987, timed to coincide with Australian Federal elections. The series builds on the 1967, 1969, and 1979 Australian Political Attitudes Surveys. The AES aims to provide a long-term perspective on the political attitudes and behaviours of Australians and investigate the changing social bases of Australian politics as the economy and society modernise and change character. In addition to these long-term goals, the AES examines the specific political issues prevalent in the 2025 Federal election and assesses their importance in determining the election result. The 2025 AES is the sixth in the series to provide the option of completing the survey via hardcopy or online. Address-based sampling (A-BS) continues to be used to recruit members of the Australian public to participate in a sequential mixed-mode survey (push-to-web followed by hard copy completion). The principal sample frame used in the most recent iterations of the survey is the Geocoded National Address File (G-NAF). Since 2016, completers from the previous AES who agreed to take part in future election studies formed the ‘AES panel’ sample and are invited to participate in the subsequent AES. Members of the panel were originally recruited using a combination of G-NAF and Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) electoral roll data. Any new panellists who joined in 2019 or later were all recruited from the G-NAF sample frame. Consistent with the approach used in 2022; to improve the representation of young people in the 2025 AES, online opt-in panels were used to boost online completion of people aged 18 to 34 years. User Notice: Please contact ADA to request access to the restricted postcode and demographic variables.

This table is part of a series of tables that present a portrait of Canada based on the various census topics. The tables range in complexity and levels of geography. Content varies from a simple overview of the country to complex cross-tabulations; the tables may also cover several censuses.

Location Quotient of 7500 Polling Booth Catchments (PBCs) in Australia. The SA1s at the 2011 Census of Population and Housing were spatially allocated to a nearest polling booth location to form polling booth catchments within each of the 150 Electoral Divisions. The 150 booth catchments layers were then merged into one Australia booth catchments layer. The variables were derived from 2011 census.

This table is part of a series of tables that present a portrait of Canada based on the various census topics. The tables range in complexity and levels of geography. Content varies from a simple overview of the country to complex cross-tabulations; the tables may also cover several censuses.