The world population surpassed eight billion people in 2022, having doubled from its figure less than 50 years previously. Looking forward, it is projected that the world population will reach nine billion in 2038, and 10 billion in 2060, but it will peak around 10.3 billion in the 2080s before it then goes into decline. Regional variations The global population has seen rapid growth since the early 1800s, due to advances in areas such as food production, healthcare, water safety, education, and infrastructure, however, these changes did not occur at a uniform time or pace across the world. Broadly speaking, the first regions to undergo their demographic transitions were Europe, North America, and Oceania, followed by Latin America and Asia (although Asia's development saw the greatest variation due to its size), while Africa was the last continent to undergo this transformation. Because of these differences, many so-called "advanced" countries are now experiencing population decline, particularly in Europe and East Asia, while the fastest population growth rates are found in Sub-Saharan Africa. In fact, the roughly two billion difference in population between now and the 2080s' peak will be found in Sub-Saharan Africa, which will rise from 1.2 billion to 3.2 billion in this time (although populations in other continents will also fluctuate). Changing projections The United Nations releases their World Population Prospects report every 1-2 years, and this is widely considered the foremost demographic dataset in the world. However, recent years have seen a notable decline in projections when the global population will peak, and at what number. Previous reports in the 2010s had suggested a peak of over 11 billion people, and that population growth would continue into the 2100s, however a sooner and shorter peak is now projected. Reasons for this include a more rapid population decline in East Asia and Europe, particularly China, as well as a prolonged development arc in Sub-Saharan Africa.

A measure of the number of adults diagnosed with any type of cancer in a year who are still alive one year after diagnosis. Purpose This indicator attempts to capture the success of the NHS in preventing people from dying once they have been diagnosed with any type of cancer. Current version updated: Feb-17 Next version due: Feb-18

Kelefa Sanneh was shot and killed by an uncircumcised boy when he arrived to support Mansa Demba in the battle of Bariya. According to the people of Jokadu, it was foretold that only an uncircumcised boy could kill him. When Kelefa lay dying during the war, his men began robbing him of all his possessions, but their actions backfired. All the persons who took his belongings died instantly, and this occurred while he was still alive. None of his items were removed and he was later laid to rest under a mahogany tree. There were many rulers from the Sanneh clan in Kabu. They had a cruel ruler called Kanankinara Jija, who would force people to feed the vultures. It was foretold to him that the Fulas would become the rulers of Kabu, and he boasted that would never be possible while he was alive. The Fulas were oppressed by them during that period. Faramba Tamba the ruler of Kabendu, was also involved in some malicious acts. He severed off the heads of Islamic scholars (Marabouts) while they were reading the Koran. News of this incident reached Foday Kaba Dumbuya and an attack was mounted at Kabendu, against Faramba who escaped, but was subsequently captured and killed at Pirada. There was a Sanneh lady called Balaba who was the most senior member of the Koring clan. She sent a message to the entire Koring clan requesting that they meet, and she prayed one final time for them to be blessed. She prayed for the Sanneh clan and the family of Kutu Simba at Payinku. The people of Kankelefa also came and gathered for her prayers. The last ruler at Kankelefa was Mamadu Manneh, who was opposed by some of his people. He told them he would rule until his death. After he died, it was several years after his death before Sainey Sanneh succeeded him. Suntu Bureh, Suntu Wally, Kusanari, and Katobutinto Bulu were male members of the Sanneh clan. The name Kelefa referred to two persons, of the first is Kelefa Jaliya and the other is Kelefa Kura. They were both descended from the same ancestors. Kelefa Kura was killed in a war at Pachama Kantakunda in Kabu. He had a reputation for being a strong and brave fighter. However, Kelefa Jaliya was more popular than he was. Kelefa Kura settled in the town called Kang Kelefa and had sons called Silati Ngaleng, Silati Ngansumana, and Silati Jonyi. He fought a bitter war at Pachama Kantakunda. Nyunka Mandu Sanneh at Jimara Suma Kunda was Kelefa Kura’s son, and also Faramba Tamba who was at Kabendu. Malang Bulafema also known as Nyunka Mandu was a great fighter who defeated sevral opponents during wars. The name Kabu originated from the people of Pajadi. In their language, Kabu means “the people that are known.” Kang Kelefa was settled by the Sanneh clan from Pajadi. They established themselves in many other towns including, Basung and Kichara. There was a land dispute between Kabu and Pakau. To resolve the problem, they met at the border. The people of Kabu deceived them and later took possession of the land. The Sanneh clan dispersed and settled in numerous places because the clan was expanding. The Sanneh clan that came to settle in the Gambia are descendants of Simba Sanneh. Mbemba Sanneh was the great ancestor of the Sanneh clan. When they arrived at Kabu, the place was not large and it was not inhabited by non-believers. After establishing several towns, they moved close to the River Gambia and settled Kanjara, Maanee and Jimara SumaKunda. Janke Wally was Kansala’s last ruler. When he ascended the throne, he assured his people that he would be the final ruler. When Janke Wally heard that the Fulas were approaching attack him, he ordered Tura Sanneh to go and see them. Tura went and returned to advis him to flee because they were coming with powers that they could not suppress. Tura later fled with his family. Cherno Saidu Daleng cast a spell on the people of Kabu, rendering them weak and unable to fight. When they attacked Kansala, they fought a bitter war, Kansala was completely destroyed. Damantang Alimu Nyabally’s mother Kaba Sanneh was Janke Wally’s daughter. Her husband was Foday Salim Nyabally from Kapiro who was one of the great warriors.

A measure of the number of adults diagnosed with any type of cancer in a year who are still alive five years after diagnosis. Purpose This indicator attempts to capture the success of the NHS in preventing people from dying once they have been diagnosed with any type of cancer. Current version updated: Feb-17 Next version due: Feb-18

These dataset(s) contain RSV hospitalization data, individual type distributions, and household type distributions. We developed a mathematical model for simulating RSV transmission amongst households in Kilifi county. The model was parameterized using anonymised datasets generated from the Kilifi Demographic and Health surveillance system (KDHSS), and, daily reports of confirmed RSV hospitalisations at Kilifi county hospital (KCH). The datasets derived from the underlying KDHSS dataset were generated by filtering for people alive and living in Kilifi county on the 1st Jan 2000, 2001, … , 2017. Each person was described by an age category, the number of members of her household, and whether the household contained an under-one year old. Each household was described by the number of over-one year olds and under-one year olds. These data sets, and metadata such as the start and end times of each age category were stored as vectors of arrays in .jld format.

This table contains 2394 series, with data for years 1991 - 1991 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 items: Canada ...), Population group (19 items: Entire cohort; Income adequacy quintile 1 (lowest);Income adequacy quintile 2;Income adequacy quintile 3 ...), Age (14 items: At 25 years; At 30 years; At 40 years; At 35 years ...), Sex (3 items: Both sexes; Females; Males ...), Characteristics (3 items: Life expectancy; High 95% confidence interval; life expectancy; Low 95% confidence interval; life expectancy ...).

These data show the number of assisted living facility residents and employees who were reported to DC Health as having any type of symptom or COVID-19 exposure that prompted a healthcare provider to order a test to determine if they had COVID-19; many of these people were tested when DC Health approval was required for ordering a test through the DC Public Health Laboratory. Resident and personnel loss of life that was associated with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test has been documented since mid-March 2020; DC Health relies on assisted living residences to be forthcoming about this information in order for it to be properly documented in public reports. A resident is determined to be "cleared from isolation for COVID-19" if they are still alive and it has been at least 21 days since their initial symptom onset date or first positive specimen collection date for this COVID-19 infection.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The purpose of this study was to discover the use made by old people of postal and telephone services and also their personal health and social contacts. Main Topics: Section on telephone ownership and use: reason for having telephone installed, whether respondent's telephone bills are subsidised, if so, from what source. (If respondent has no telephone, nearest telephone to his home (6 categories), whether anyone is available to take messages or fetch him to the telephone and whether respondent has ever owned a telephone, is recorded.) Data are given on the use made of telephone during last year (i.e. frequency of use, whether respondent receives more calls than he makes, person to whom he most often speaks on telephone). Any difficulty in actually using a telephone is recorded (6 categories - e.g. deafness, fear of telephones etc.). Finally, if respondent could choose between having an extra $20 per annum and having a free telephone, which he would prefer. Use of post: whether respondent writes letters, if so, to whom he most often writes, frequency of writing, whether he receives more personal letters than he sends. The address of the person with whom he is most in postal contact is recorded. Main difficulty respondent experiences when writing letters is recorded (i.e. poor eyesight, illiteracy etc. - 5 categories) and, finally, respondent is asked whether he would like to receive more letters (3-point scale). Personal physical information: state of eyesight and hearing of respondent is given (4 categories for each), whether he suffers from any disability which makes it difficult to go out (if yes, nature of disability is recorded together with length of time he has suffered). Whether respondent is able to go out unaided, if so, how often. Frequency of use of various methods of transportation (8 categories - e.g. train, bus, invalid carriage etc.), whether the railway station, tube station (London), bus stop, post office, local shopping centre, doctor, are within walking distance of respondent's home. Frequency of visits to clubs, cinema, bingo and places of religious worship are also given (over past year) and, finally, whether respondent would like to go out more often. Social contacts: number of children, brothers and sisters still alive, other relatives and friends respondent is still in contact with, whether he has seen any of them in last week or month, whether any live within a ten-mile radius (information given is precisely defined), respondent is asked whether he would like to see children, relatives or friends more often, also whether he considers neighbours to be friendly (3-point scale) and whether he has chatted with neighbours in past week - or to any of the people already talked about (i.e. children relatives, friends). The number of these people who have telephones is recorded. Amount of time spent alone (5 categories). Problem considered by respondent to be the greatest facing elderly people (i.e. lack of money, loneliness or boredom). Whether respondent prefers to use telephone or letter for keeping in touch with someone he cannot see regularly. Whether respondent is ever lonely (3-point scale). Readiness of access to help in case of emergency (9 categories). Finally, respondent's attitudes towards devices for calling help, such as bells, whistles etc. are assessed on a 3-point scale. Ownership of television, radio, record player, refrigerator, washing machine and motor vehicle recorded. As a 'coda' to the survey, respondents' knowledge of the Samaritan Organization is tested (i.e. whether they have heard of the Samaritans, perception of their role, whether they know where the nearest branch is or know the telephone number).

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. This study is available via the UK Data Service QualiBank, an online tool for browsing, searching and citing the content of selected qualitative data collections held at the UK Data Service. This qualitative data collection comprises 453 life-story interviews originally collected as part of the study The Edwardians: Family Life and Work Experience Before 1918. The interviews were undertaken in the late 1960s and early 1970s and formed the basis of the first national oral history project in the United Kingdom. Paul Thompson first became aware of the need for a project of this kind in the late 1960s while in the process of writing a book about the social history of Britain between 1900 and 1918. He recognised that there existed little direct evidence of life during this period from a working class point of view, that such material would be valuable, and that it must be gathered immediately while there were still people alive who were able to provide testimony of this kind. His objective was to examine social life and social change during this period, focusing upon work experience and family and community life. The project resulted in a number of publications, including Thompson's The Edwardians: The Remaking of British Society, which was published in 1975 and again in revised form in 1992. In his introduction, he detailed three basic aims for the book: The first was 'to establish what I believe to be the most important dimensions of social change in the early twentieth century' (1992: xv). In doing so, he concentrated upon specific issues which he considered to be fundamental to social structure, notably class, gender and age, while also exploring other issues such as work experience, education and leisure. His second intention was 'to suggest the main reasons for social change, and especially the extent to which conscious effort by Edwardians for social change was critical' (1992: xvi). Finally, he aimed 'to give a place, in this evaluation of general social change, to the contribution and experience of ordinary individuals' (1992: xvi). The experiences gained from the project also contribute greatly to Paul Thompson's 'The Voice of the Past' (1978, second edition 1988). A total of 537 interviews were recorded on reel-to-reel audio tape and 453 later transcribed as typed, paper documents. The interviews were open-ended (guided by a schedule) and of between one and six hours duration. A related project, Systematic Analysis of Life Histories, is also included. The aim of this project was to prepare the qualitative interviews for numerical coding shortly after completion. Additionally, this quantitative component of the collection has been enhanced. A selection of the original variables was cross-referenced for verification. The data set was then expanded to include a set of additional variables on occupation and location as well as textual summaries of the interview transcripts. The original sound recordings are deposited at the British Library National Sound Archive. Main Topics: The interview schedule covered: domestic routine, including the roles of husbands and children; meals; the upbringing of children; emotional relationships and values in the family; leisure; religion; politics; school; courtship and marriage; the wider family; relationships with neighbours and perception of the community structure; experience of work and occupational history of the whole family. Quota sample derived from the occupational census of 1911, clustered and stratified by region and social class Face-to-face interview Compilation or synthesis of existing material

Objective: To determine whether electronic health record (EHR) alerts for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) would improve patient outcomes of mortality, dialysis and progression of AKI.

Design: Double-blinded, multicenter, parallel, randomized, controlled trial of an electronic AKI alert versus usual care (no alert). Participants were electronically identified and randomized via a best practice alert build using simple randomization with allocation concealment.

Setting: Six diverse hospitals (four teaching and two non-teaching) ranging from small community hospitals to large tertiary care centers.

Participants: 6,030 adult inpatients with AKI, as defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) creatinine criteria.

Interventions: An EHR-based “pop-up” alert for AKI with an associated AKI order set upon provider opening of the patient’s medical record.

Main Outcome Measures: A composite of AKI progression, receipt of dialysis, or death within 14 days of randomiza...

Context

Air is what keeps humans alive. Monitoring it and understanding its quality is of immense importance to our well-being.

Content

The dataset contains air quality data and AQI (Air Quality Index) at an hourly and daily level of various stations across multiple cities in India.

Acknowledgements

We wouldn't be here without the help of others. If you owe any attributions or thanks, include them here along with any citations of past research.

Inspiration

Your data will be in front of the world's largest data science community. What questions do you want to see answered?

Supercentenarians (110 years or older) are the world’s oldest people. Seventy four are alive worldwide, with twenty two in the United States. We performed whole-genome sequencing on 17 supercentenarians to explore the genetic basis underlying extreme human longevity. We found no significant evidence of enrichment for a single rare protein-altering variant or for a gene harboring different rare protein altering variants in supercentenarian compared to control genomes. We followed up on the gene most enriched for rare protein-altering variants in our cohort of supercentenarians, TSHZ3, by sequencing it in a second cohort of 99 long-lived individuals but did not find a significant enrichment. The genome of one supercentenarian had a pathogenic mutation in DSC2, known to predispose to arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, which is recommended to be reported to this individual as an incidental finding according to a recent position statement by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. Even with this pathogenic mutation, the proband lived to over 110 years. The entire list of rare protein-altering variants and DNA sequence of all 17 supercentenarian genomes is available as a resource to assist the discovery of the genetic basis of extreme longevity in future studies.

These data show the number of skilled nursing facility residents and employees who were reported to DC Health as having any type of symptom or COVID-19 exposure that prompted a healthcare provider to order a test to determine if they had COVID-19; many of these people were tested when DC Health approval was required for ordering a test through the DC Public Health Laboratory. Resident and personnel loss of life that was associated with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test has been documented since mid-March 2020; DC Health relies on assisted living facilities to be forthcoming about this information in order for it to be properly documented in public reports. A resident is determined to be "cleared from isolation for COVID-19" if they are still alive and it has been at least 21 days since their initial symptom onset date or first positive specimen collection date for this COVID-19 infection.

BackgroundMultimorbidity prevalence rates vary considerably depending on the conditions considered in the morbidity count, but there is no standardised approach to the number or selection of conditions to include.Methods and findingsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using English primary care data for 1,168,260 participants who were all people alive and permanently registered with 149 included general practices. Outcome measures of the study were prevalence estimates of multimorbidity (defined as ≥2 conditions) when varying the number and selection of conditions considered for 80 conditions. Included conditions featured in ≥1 of the 9 published lists of conditions examined in the study and/or phenotyping algorithms in the Health Data Research UK (HDR-UK) Phenotype Library. First, multimorbidity prevalence was calculated when considering the individually most common 2 conditions, 3 conditions, etc., up to 80 conditions. Second, prevalence was calculated using 9 condition-lists from published studies. Analyses were stratified by dependent variables age, socioeconomic position, and sex. Prevalence when only the 2 commonest conditions were considered was 4.6% (95% CI [4.6, 4.6] p < 0.001), rising to 29.5% (95% CI [29.5, 29.6] p < 0.001) considering the 10 commonest, 35.2% (95% CI [35.1, 35.3] p < 0.001) considering the 20 commonest, and 40.5% (95% CI [40.4, 40.6] p < 0.001) when considering all 80 conditions. The threshold number of conditions at which multimorbidity prevalence was >99% of that measured when considering all 80 conditions was 52 for the whole population but was lower in older people (29 in >80 years) and higher in younger people (71 in 0- to 9-year-olds). Nine published condition-lists were examined; these were either recommended for measuring multimorbidity, used in previous highly cited studies of multimorbidity prevalence, or widely applied measures of “comorbidity.” Multimorbidity prevalence using these lists varied from 11.1% to 36.4%. A limitation of the study is that conditions were not always replicated using the same ascertainment rules as previous studies to improve comparability across condition-lists, but this highlights further variability in prevalence estimates across studies.ConclusionsIn this study, we observed that varying the number and selection of conditions results in very large differences in multimorbidity prevalence, and different numbers of conditions are needed to reach ceiling rates of multimorbidity prevalence in certain groups of people. These findings imply that there is a need for a standardised approach to defining multimorbidity, and to facilitate this, researchers can use existing condition-lists associated with highest multimorbidity prevalence.

There is a starting point called Screening Date, which becomes day 0. Among this variables we have:

1. SubjectUID: identification code for the predefines patient.
2. Age at Symptoms Onset: when the first symptoms started.
3. Death: if the patient already passed away.
4. Site of Onset: this disease can start in any part of the body, there it is detailed were in thar particular patient.
5. Cohort: group of people carrying or related to the disease. ALS means confirmed diagnosis; Asymptomatic ALS Gene Carrier is someone who's got a gene mutation associated with ALS but at the screening baseline did not have a confirmed diagnosis; Non-ALS MND, similar diseases that carry some of the characteristics of ALS.
6. Med: Original med as reported in the original data base.
7. Med_Revised: standarized med names using Pubchem (National Center for Biotechnology Information) as a database to harmonize the names and components.
8. DiagDT: time elapsed between the confirmed diagnosis and the screening date. Negative number of 0,6767, means the patient was diagnosed 0,6767 years before the screening date (365 days base). Positive number means it happened after the screening date.
9. Onset Yr: time elapsed between the first symptoms and the screening date.
10. LNA_YR: last known alive date after the screening date.
11. Lenght_Diag_LNA: time elapsed between diagnose and Last Known Alive date
12. ALSFRS-R Baseline: ALS functional rating scale, which is a standard metric to measure how people are, at the beginning of measurement, in terms of their muscular and other physical capabilities. (48 to 0), 48 is the best, cero is bad.
13. ALSFRS-R Latest: ALS functional rating scale, which is a standard metric to measure how people are, at the end of measurement, in terms of their motor capabilities. (48 to 0).
14. Diff: ALSFRS-R Latest minus ALSFRS-R Baseline.
15. Comments: One of the first challenges was to standardize meds names as there are as many names as brands. This is already unified (Pubchem was the main data source). Leaving the generic names helps in finding a possible pattern. There are a ton of combinations to be made, which exceeds my analytical skills…

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The aim of this study was to examine trends to upward social mobility among a specially selected group of people with above average intelligence. This is a continuous survey, but this dataset is the only wave held at the Data Archive. Main Topics: Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions Reasons for joining Mensa, whether membership of Mensa raised occupational ambitions, job preference. Questionnaires were also completed by respondent's immediately older and immediately younger siblings. Background Variables Age, sex, marital status, number of children, whether father still alive (if dead: respondent's age at death), position in family, size of family. Occupation (respondent, parents and siblings - mother's occupation before marriage), years of part-time education, highest qualification, word score, gross income. Religious affiliation, political support.

Update 2 March 2023: Following the merger of NHS Digital and NHS England on 1st February 2023 we are reviewing the future presentation of the NHS Outcomes Framework indicators. As part of this review, the annual publication which was due to be released in March 2023 has been delayed. Further announcements about this dataset will be made on this page in due course. A measure of the number of adults diagnosed with any type of cancer in a year who are still alive five years after diagnosis. This indicator attempts to capture the success of the NHS in preventing people from dying once they have been diagnosed with any type of cancer. As of May 2020, please refer to the data tables published by Public Health England (PHE). This publication is released on an annual basis. A link to the PHE publications, within which the data is held, is available via the resource link below. On the publication page select the ‘Data Tables index of cancer survival 20xx to 20xx’. The data for this indicator is available by applying suitable filters to the dataset contained within the 'Data_Complete’ tab. Legacy unique identifier: P01735

The 2006 Census of Tokelau was conducted on the 19th of October 2006, by both local representatives and Statistics New Zealand staff. Significant planning went into both the collection and output phases of the 2006 Census – with consultation on various aspects of the census (for example, questionnaire content consultation) carried out in Tokelau, Samoa and New Zealand, where appropriate. The 2006 Census questionnaire was based on a standard form developed by the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), with some changes as appropriate to the Tokelau situation.

Tokelau has a unique population composition. A significant proportion of the Tokelauan population are away from the islands at any one time, for various reasons (e.g. healthcare, education). Considerable time and effort has been put into developing effective population measures for the 2006 Census of Tokelau, with a focus on ensuring all usual residents were counted – in particular those who were not present in Tokelau on census night. Core demographic information was completed by the head of the household, on behalf of people who usually live in Tokelau, but were away on census night.

Version 01: Cleaned, labelled and de-identified version of the Master file.

• HOUSEHOLD: Dwelling characteristics; sources of water; means of cooking; rubbish disposal; hosuehold items; access to Sky TV, internet; numbers of pigs and chickens; sources of income.

• INDIVIDUALS: Name (suppressed), sex, age, realationship to household head; living where; ethnicity; religion; birth mother and father still alive; language skills: speaking and writing; address 5 years ago; education and qualifications; marital status; paid and unpaid employment; children given birth to.

• Collection start: 2006

• Collection end: 2006

A measure of the number of adults diagnosed with breast, lung or colorectal cancer in a year who are still alive one year after diagnosis. ONS still publish survival percentages for individual types of cancers. These can be found at: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/cancer-unit/cancer-survival/cancer-survival-in-england--patients-diagnosed-2007-2011-and-followed-up-to-2012/index.html A time series for one-year survival figures for breast, lung and colorectal cancer individually (previous NHS Outcomes Framework indicators 1.4.i, 1.4.iii and 1.4.v) is still published and can be found under the link 'Indicator data - previous methodology (.xls)' below. Purpose This indicator attempts to capture the success of the NHS in preventing people from dying once they have been diagnosed with breast, lung or colorectal cancer. Current version updated: Feb-14 Next version due: To be confirmed

Update 2 March 2023: Following the merger of NHS Digital and NHS England on 1st February 2023 we are reviewing the future presentation of the NHS Outcomes Framework indicators. As part of this review, the annual publication which was due to be released in March 2023 has been delayed. Further announcements about this dataset will be made on this page in due course. A measure of the number of adults diagnosed with any type of cancer in a year who are still alive one year after diagnosis. This indicator attempts to capture the success of the NHS in preventing people from dying once they have been diagnosed with any type of cancer. As of May 2020, please refer to the data tables published by Public Health England (PHE). This publication is released on an annual basis. A link to the PHE publications, within which the data is held, is available via the resource link below. On the publication page select the ‘Data Tables index of cancer survival 20xx to 20xx’. The data for this indicator is available by applying suitable filters to the dataset contained within the 'Data_Complete’ tab. Legacy unique identifier: P01734