Dataset from Singapore Department of Statistics. For more information, visit https://data.gov.sg/datasets/d_6150f21b0892b3fdde546d2a1af2af82/view

Number and percentage of live births, by month of birth, 1991 to most recent year.

Estimated annual number of births by gender for Canada, provinces and territories.

The National Child Development Study (NCDS) is a continuing longitudinal study that seeks to follow the lives of all those living in Great Britain who were born in one particular week in 1958. The aim of the study is to improve understanding of the factors affecting human development over the whole lifespan.

The NCDS has its origins in the Perinatal Mortality Survey (PMS) (the original PMS study is held at the UK Data Archive under SN 2137). This study was sponsored by the National Birthday Trust Fund and designed to examine the social and obstetric factors associated with stillbirth and death in early infancy among the 17,000 children born in England, Scotland and Wales in that one week. Selected data from the PMS form NCDS sweep 0, held alongside NCDS sweeps 1-3, under SN 5565.

Survey and Biomeasures Data (GN 33004):
To date there have been ten attempts to trace all members of the birth cohort in order to monitor their physical, educational and social development. The first three sweeps were carried out by the National Children's Bureau, in 1965, when respondents were aged 7, in 1969, aged 11, and in 1974, aged 16 (these sweeps form NCDS1-3, held together with NCDS0 under SN 5565). The fourth sweep, also carried out by the National Children's Bureau, was conducted in 1981, when respondents were aged 23 (held under SN 5566). In 1985 the NCDS moved to the Social Statistics Research Unit (SSRU) - now known as the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS). The fifth sweep was carried out in 1991, when respondents were aged 33 (held under SN 5567). For the sixth sweep, conducted in 1999-2000, when respondents were aged 42 (NCDS6, held under SN 5578), fieldwork was combined with the 1999-2000 wave of the 1970 Birth Cohort Study (BCS70), which was also conducted by CLS (and held under GN 33229). The seventh sweep was conducted in 2004-2005 when the respondents were aged 46 (held under SN 5579), the eighth sweep was conducted in 2008-2009 when respondents were aged 50 (held under SN 6137), the ninth sweep was conducted in 2013 when respondents were aged 55 (held under SN 7669), and the tenth sweep was conducted in 2020-24 when the respondents were aged 60-64 (held under SN 9412).

A Secure Access version of the NCSD is available under SN 9413, containing detailed sensitive variables not available under Safeguarded access (currently only sweep 10 data). Variables include uncommon health conditions (including age at diagnosis), full employment codes and income/finance details, and specific life circumstances (e.g. pregnancy details, year/age of emigration from GB).

Four separate datasets covering responses to NCDS over all sweeps are available. National Child Development Deaths Dataset: Special Licence Access (SN 7717) covers deaths; National Child Development Study Response and Outcomes Dataset (SN 5560) covers all other responses and outcomes; National Child Development Study: Partnership Histories (SN 6940) includes data on live-in relationships; and National Child Development Study: Activity Histories (SN 6942) covers work and non-work activities. Users are advised to order these studies alongside the other waves of NCDS.

From 2002-2004, a Biomedical Survey was completed and is available under End User Licence (EUL) (SN 8731) and Special Licence (SL) (SN 5594). Proteomics analyses of blood samples are available under SL SN 9254.

Linked Geographical Data (GN 33497):
A number of geographical variables are available, under more restrictive access conditions, which can be linked to the NCDS EUL and SL access studies.

Linked Administrative Data (GN 33396):
A number of linked administrative datasets are available, under more restrictive access conditions, which can be linked to the NCDS EUL and SL access studies. These include a Deaths dataset (SN 7717) available under SL and the Linked Health Administrative Datasets (SN 8697) available under Secure Access.

Multi-omics Data and Risk Scores Data (GN 33592)
Proteomics analyses were run on the blood samples collected from NCDS participants in 2002-2004 and are available under SL SN 9254. Metabolomics analyses were conducted on respondents of sweep 10 and are available under SL SN 9411.

Additional Sub-Studies (GN 33562):
In addition to the main NCDS sweeps, further studies have also been conducted on a range of subjects such as parent migration, unemployment, behavioural studies and respondent essays. The full list of NCDS studies available from the UK Data Service can be found on the NCDS series access data webpage.

How to access genetic and/or bio-medical sample data from a range of longitudinal surveys:
For information on how to access biomedical data from NCDS that are not held at the UKDS, see the CLS Genetic data and biological samples webpage.

Further information about the full NCDS series can be found on the Centre for Longitudinal Studies website.

The National Child Development Deaths Dataset, 1958-2014: Special Licence Access contains data on known deaths among members of the NCDS birth cohort from 1958 to 2013. Information on deaths has been taken from the records maintained by the organisations responsible for the study over the life time of the study: the National Birthday Trust Fund, the National Children’s Bureau (NCB), the Social Statistics Research Unit (SSRU) and the CLS. The information has been gleaned from a variety of sources, including death certificates and other information from the National Health Service Central Register (NHSCR), and from relatives and friends during survey activities and cohort maintenance work by telephone, letter and e-mail. It includes all deaths up to 31st December 2013. In only 6 cases are the date of death unknown. By the end of December 8.7 per cent of the cohort were known to have died.

The National Child Development Study Response and Outcomes Dataset, 1958-2013 (SN 5560) covers other responses and outcomes of the cohort members and should be used alongside this dataset.

For the 3rd edition (July 2018) an updated version of the data was deposited. The new edition includes data on known deaths among members of the National Child Development Study (NCDS) birth cohort up to 2016. The user guide has also been updated.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

Next Steps (also known as the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE1)) is a major longitudinal cohort study following a nationally representative group of around 16,000 who were in Year 9 attending state and independent schools in England in 2004, a cohort born in 1989-90.

The first seven sweeps of the study were conducted annually (2004-2010) when the study was funded and managed by the Department for Education (DfE). The study mainly focused on the educational and early labour market experiences of young people.

In 2015 Next Steps was restarted, under the management of the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS) at the UCL Faculty of Education and Society (IOE) and funded by the Economic and Social Research Council. The Next Steps Age 25 survey was aimed at increasing the understanding of the lives of young adults growing up today and the transitions out of education and into early adult life.

The Next Steps Age 32 Survey took place between April 2022 and September 2023 and is the ninth sweep of the study. The Age 32 Survey aimed to provide data for research and policy on the lives of this generation of adults in their early 30s. This sweep also collected information on many wider aspects of cohort members' lives including health and wellbeing, politics and social participation, identity and attitudes as well as capturing personality, resilience, working memory and financial literacy.

Next Steps survey data is also linked to the National Pupil Database (NPD), the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), the Individualised Learner Records (ILR) and the Student Loans Company (SLC).

There are now two separate studies that began under the LSYPE programme. The second study, Our Future (LSYPE2) (available at the UK Data Service under GN 2000110), began in 2013 and will track a sample of over 13,000 young people annually from ages 13/14 through to age 20.

Further information about Next Steps may be found on the CLS website.

Secure Access datasets:

Secure Access versions of Next Steps have more restrictive access conditions than Safeguarded versions available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section).

Secure Access versions of the Next Steps include:

• sensitive variables from the questionnaire data for Sweeps 1-9. These are available under Secure Access SN 8656.
  
• National Pupil Database (NPD) linked data at Key Stages 2, 3, 4 and 5, England. These are available under SN 7104.
• Linked Individualised Learner Records learner and learning aims datasets for academic years 2005 to 2014, England. These are available under SN 8577.
  
• detailed geographic indicators for Sweep 1 and Sweep 8 (2001 Census Boundaries) - available under SN 8189 and geographic indicators for Sweep 8 (2011 Census Boundaries) - available under SN 8190. The Sweep 1 geography file was previously held under SN 7104.
• Linked Health Administrative Datasets (Hospital Episode Statistics) for years 1998-2017 held under SN 8681.
• Linked Student Loans Company Records for years 2007-2021 held under SN 8848.

When researchers are approved/accredited to access a Secure Access version of Next Steps, the Safeguarded (EUL) version of the study - Next Steps: Sweeps 1-9, 2004-2023 (SN 5545) - will be automatically provided alongside.

The Student Loans Company (SLC) is a non-profit making government-owned organisation that administers loans and grants to students in colleges and universities in the UK. The Next Steps: Linked Administrative Datasets (Student Loans Company Records), 2007 - 2021: Secure Access includes data on higher education loans for those Next Steps participant who provided consent to SLC linkage in the age 25 sweep. The matched SLC data contains information about participant's applications for student finance, payment transactions posted to participant's accounts, repayment details and overseas assessment details.

Main Topics:

The study includes four datasets:

Applicant: SLC data on cohort member’s application for student finance between academic years 2007 and 2020

Payments: SLC data on payment transactions made to cohort member between financial years 2007 and 2021.

Repayments: SLC data on cohort member’s repayment transactions between financial years 2009 and 2021.

Overseas: SLC data on overseas assessment for cohort member between 2007 and 2020

Abstract

The Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in Niakhar, a rural area of Senegal, is located 135 km east of Dakar. This HDSS has been set up in 1962 by the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) to face the shortcomings of the civil registration system and provide demographic indicators.

Some 65 villages were followed annually in the Niakhar area from 1962 to 1969. The study zone was reduced to eight villages from 1969 to 1983, and from then on the HDSS was extended to include 22 other villages, covering a total of 30 villages for a population estimated at 45,000 in December 2013. Thus 8 villages have been under demographic surveillance for almost 50 years and 30 villages for 30years.

Vital events, migrations, marital changes, pregnancies, immunization are routinely recorded (every four months). The database also includes epidemiological, economic and environmental information coming from specific surveys. Data were collected through annual rounds from 1962 to 1987; rounds became weekly from 1987 to 1997; routine visits were conducted every three months between 1997and 2007 and every four months since then.

The current objectives are 1) to obtain a long-term assessment of demographic and socio-economic indicators necessary for bio-medical and social sciences research, 2) to keep up epidemiological and environmental monitoring, 3) to provide a research platform for clinical and interdisciplinary research (medical, social and environmental sciences). Research projects during the last 5 years are listed in Table 2. The Niakhar HDSS has institutional affiliation with the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, formerly ORSTOM).

Geographic coverage

The study zone of Niakhar is located in Senegal, 14.5ºN Latitude and 16.5ºW Longitude in the department of Fatick (Sine-Saloum), 135 km east of Dakar. The Niakhar study zone covers 203 square kilometres and is located in the continental Sahelian-Sudanese climatic zone. For thirty years the region has suffered from drought. The average annual rainfall has decreased from 800 mm in the 1950s to 500 mm in the 1980s. Increasing amounts of precipitation have been observed since the mid-2000s with an average annual rainfall of 600 mm between 2005 and 2010. The area is 203 square kilometers.

Analysis unit

Individual

Universe

Members of households reside within the demographic surveillance area. Inmigrants are defined by intention to become resident, but actual residence episodes of less than 180 days are censored. Outmigrants are defined by intention to become resident elsewhere, but actual periods of non-residence less than 180 days are censored, except seasonal work migrants, worker with a wife resident, pupils or students. Children born to resident women are considered resident by default, irrespective of actual place of birth. The dataset contains the events of all individuals ever resident during the study period (1 Jan 1990 to 31 Dec 2013).

The Niakhar HDSS collects for each resident the following basic data: individual, household and compound identifying information, mother and father identification, relationship to the head of household and spousal relationship. From 1983 to 2007, the HDSS routinely monitored deaths, pregnancies, births, miscarriages, stillbirths, weaning, migrations, changes of marital status, immunizations, and cases of measles and whooping cough. For the last 5 years, the HDSS only recorded demographic events related to each resident including cause of death. Verbal autopsies have been conducted after all deaths except for those that occurred between 1999 and 2004 where only deaths for people aged 0-55 years were investigated. The Niakhar HDSS also registers visitors as well as all the demographic events related to them in case of in-migration. Household characteristics (living conditions, domestic equipment, etc.) were collected in 1998 and 2003, and community equipment (schools, boreholes, etc.) in 2003. Economic and environmental data will be collected in 2013. Table 3 presents further details on the data items collected. The Niakhar HDSS interviewers collect data with tablet PCs that are loaded with the last updated database linked to a user-friendly interface indicating the household members and the questionnaire. Daily backups are performed on an external hard drive and weekly synchronizations are scheduled during the round, helping to update the database and check data consistency (i.e. residential moves within the study area or marriages). Applications are Developed in Visual Basic.Net and the database is managed with Microsoft Access.

Kind of data

Event history data

Frequency of data collection

This dataset contains rounds 1 to 18 of demographic surveillance data covering the period from 1 Jan 1983 to 31 December 2015.

From 1983 to 1987, data were collected through annual rounds during the dry season. Demographic events were collected by interviewers using a printed list of compound residents with their characteristics. From 1987 to 1997, rounds became weekly because of the need for continuous birth registration for vaccine trials. Annual censuses were carried out to check data collection, particularly relative to in- and out-migration. Routine visits were conducted in the 30 villages of the study area every three months between 1997and 2007 and every four months between 2008 and 2012 and every six month since then.

Sampling procedure

This dataset is not based on a sample; it contains information from the complete demographic surveillence area.

Sampling deviation

None

Mode of data collection

Proxy Respondent [proxy]

Research instrument

List of questionnaires:

Compound Registration or update Form Houshold Registration or update Form Household Membership Registration or update Form External Migration Registration Form Internal Migration Registration Form Individual Registration Form Birth Registration Form Death Registration Form

Cleaning operations

On data entry data consistency and plausibility were checked by 455 data validation rules at database level. If data validaton failure was due to a data collection error, the questionnaire was referred back to the field for revisit and correction. If the error was due to data inconsistencies that could not be directly traced to a data collection error, the record was referred to the data quality team under the supervision of the senior database scientist. This could request further field level investigation by a team of trackers or could correct the inconsistency directly at database level.

No imputations were done on the resulting micro data set, except for:

a. If an out-migration (OMG) event is followed by a homestead entry event (ENT) and the gap between OMG event and ENT event is greater than 180 days, the ENT event was changed to an in-migration event (IMG). b. If an out-migration (OMG) event is followed by a homestead entry event (ENT) and the gap between OMG event and ENT event is less than 180 days, the OMG event was changed to an homestead exit event (EXT) and the ENT event date changed to the day following the original OMG event. c. If a homestead exit event (EXT) is followed by an in-migration event (IMG) and the gap between the EXT event and the IMG event is greater than 180 days, the EXT event was changed to an out-migration event (OMG). d. If a homestead exit event (EXT) is followed by an in-migration event (IMG) and the gap between the EXT event and the IMG event is less than 180 days, the IMG event was changed to an homestead entry event (ENT) with a date equal to the day following the EXT event. e. If the last recorded event for an individual is homestead exit (EXT) and this event is more than 180 days prior to the end of the surveillance period, then the EXT event is changed to an out-migration event (OMG)

In the case of the village that was added (enumerated) in 2006, some individuals may have outmigrated from the original surveillance area and setlled in the the new village prior to the first enumeration. Where the records of such individuals have been linked, and indivdiual can legitmately have and outmigration event (OMG) forllowed by and enumeration event (ENU). In a few cases a homestead exit event (EXT) was followed by an enumeration event in these cases. In these instances the EXT events were changed to an out-migration event (OMG).

Response rate

On an average the response rate is about 99% over the years for each round

Sampling error estimates

Not Applicable

Data appraisal

CentreId MetricTable QMetric Illegal Legal Total Metric RunDate SN013 MicroDataCleaned Starts 86883 2017-05-19 15:12
SN013 MicroDataCleaned Transitions 241970 241970 0 2017-05-19 15:12
SN013 MicroDataCleaned Ends 86883 2017-05-19 15:12
SN013 MicroDataCleaned SexValues 32 241938 241970 0 2017-05-19 15:12
SN013 MicroDataCleaned DoBValues 241970 2017-05-19 15:12

In each round of the Qualitative Election study, participants were asked to provide the words and phrases they associate with British political party leaders. The data were collected during pre-election focus groups and interviews conducted with participants from England, Scotland and Wales, during the General Election campaigns of 2010, 2015, 2017, and 2019. For the in person data collection, party leader evaluation pre-election component, participants were provided with head shot pictures of the party leaders (depending on where in Britain they lived) taken from the party’s own website. In 2024 the data collection was moved online and participants filled in the words and phrases as part of the application process to join the study.

Participants were instructed to write down words or phrases they associate with each person, and indicate if that association was positive, negative or neutral. During the focus groups, the focus group moderator would lead the group in a discussion of the positives, negatives and neutral qualities of each leader. The data included in this dataset only includes the words and phrases written down by the participants, and not the subsequent discussion.

These data are structure for use in sentiment analysis. Each tab contains a column listing participant’s’ words and phrases as a string variable; the next two columns list the election year and leader, affective evaluations (relating to, arising from, or influencing feelings or emotions) as a string variable, and the affective evaluation as a numeric scale from negative –1 to positive +1. These data are suitable for sentiment and discourse analysis, or analytic generalization – establishing that a concept exists within a population regardless of the number of people who hold it.

The new version contains the 2005 and 2014 supplement data.

Words from the 2005 British General Election are substantively different from the other data. They were collected from the article 'Hearts or Minds: Men, Women and Leader Evaluations in the 2005 General Election' by K Winters, R Campbell in Political Communications: The General Election Campaign of 2005, 184-202. Words coded as 1 indicate the respondent thought the word was important in their considerations.

In addition, a supplementary dataset is provided of leaders’ evaluation data from a study with residents of Dundee after the Scottish Independence Referendum in 2014 (N = 287).

The Qualitative Election Study of Britain (QESB) Party Leader Evaluation Database 2010 – 2024 contains the collection of 5,504 words and phrases that evaluate British political party leaders collected during pre-election focus groups and interviews conducted with participants from England, Scotland and Wales, during the General Election campaigns of 2010, 2015, 2017, 2019, and 2024.

The aim of this component of the QESB was to get language in use data on the various party leaders, to suppliment, compliment and perhaps contradict closed-ended question results from public polling and social surveys.

These data aren't released alongside the transcript data, however the transcripts refer to respondents' answers. The PIs of the study decided to collect the nearly 15 years worth of raw data and transform it for secondary reuse.

LGA based data for Proficiency in Spoken English by Year of Arrival in Australia by Sex, in Place of Enumeration Profile (PEP), 2016 Census. Count of persons born overseas in the following categories of proficiency: Speaks English only, Multilingual speaks English well, Multilingual speaks English not well/at all, Multilingual English proficiency not stated, Total multilingual people, Language and English proficiency not stated, and Total persons. Excludes persons born in 'Australia, (includes External Territories), nfd', 'Norfolk Island' and 'Australian External Territories, nec' and persons who did not state a country of birth. Where year of arrival is stated as 2016, it refers to the period from 1 January 2016 to 9 August 2016. P11 is broken up into 2 sections (P11a – P11b), this section contains 'Males Speaks English only Year of arrival Before 2000’ - ' Persons Speaks other language and speaks English Total Year of arrival 2000 2005’. The data is by LGA 2016 boundaries. Periodicity: 5-Yearly. Note: There are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals. For more information visit the data source: http://www.abs.gov.au/census.

SA4 based data for Proficiency in Spoken English by Year of Arrival in Australia by Sex, in Place of Enumeration Profile (PEP), 2016 Census. Count of persons born overseas in the following categories of proficiency: Speaks English only, Multilingual speaks English well, Multilingual speaks English not well/at all, Multilingual English proficiency not stated, Total multilingual people, Language and English proficiency not stated, and Total persons. Excludes persons born in 'Australia, (includes External Territories), nfd', 'Norfolk Island' and 'Australian External Territories, nec' and persons who did not state a country of birth. Where year of arrival is stated as 2016, it refers to the period from 1 January 2016 to 9 August 2016. P11 is broken up into 2 sections (P11a – P11b), this section contains 'Males Speaks English only Year of arrival Before 2000’ - ' Persons Speaks other language and speaks English Total Year of arrival 2000 2005’. The data is by SA4 2016 boundaries. Periodicity: 5-Yearly. Note: There are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals. For more information visit the data source: http://www.abs.gov.au/census.

Next Steps (also known as the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE1)) is a major longitudinal cohort study following a nationally representative group of around 16,000 who were in Year 9 attending state and independent schools in England in 2004, a cohort born in 1989-90.

The first seven sweeps of the study were conducted annually (2004-2010) when the study was funded and managed by the Department for Education (DfE). The study mainly focused on the educational and early labour market experiences of young people.

In 2015 Next Steps was restarted, under the management of the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS) at the UCL Faculty of Education and Society (IOE) and funded by the Economic and Social Research Council. The Next Steps Age 25 survey was aimed at increasing the understanding of the lives of young adults growing up today and the transitions out of education and into early adult life.

The Next Steps Age 32 Survey took place between April 2022 and September 2023 and is the ninth sweep of the study. The Age 32 Survey aimed to provide data for research and policy on the lives of this generation of adults in their early 30s. This sweep also collected information on many wider aspects of cohort members' lives including health and wellbeing, politics and social participation, identity and attitudes as well as capturing personality, resilience, working memory and financial literacy.

Next Steps survey data is also linked to the National Pupil Database (NPD), the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), the Individualised Learner Records (ILR) and the Student Loans Company (SLC).

There are now two separate studies that began under the LSYPE programme. The second study, Our Future (LSYPE2) (available at the UK Data Service under GN 2000110), began in 2013 and will track a sample of over 13,000 young people annually from ages 13/14 through to age 20.

Further information about Next Steps may be found on the CLS website.

Secure Access datasets:

Secure Access versions of Next Steps have more restrictive access conditions than Safeguarded versions available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section).

Secure Access versions of the Next Steps include:

• sensitive variables from the questionnaire data for Sweeps 1-9. These are available under Secure Access SN 8656.
  
• National Pupil Database (NPD) linked data at Key Stages 2, 3, 4 and 5, England. These are available under SN 7104.
• Linked Individualised Learner Records learner and learning aims datasets for academic years 2005 to 2014, England. These are available under SN 8577.
  
• detailed geographic indicators for Sweep 1 and Sweep 8 (2001 Census Boundaries) are available under SN 8189, geographic indicators for Sweep 8 and 9 (2011 Census Boundaries) are available under SN 8190, and geographic indicators for Sweep 9 (2021 Census Boundaries) are available under SN 9337. The Sweep 1 geography file was previously held under SN 7104.
• Linked Health Administrative Datasets (Hospital Episode Statistics) for financial years 1997-2022 held under SN 8681.
• Linked Student Loans Company Records for years 2007-2021 held under SN 8848.

When researchers are approved/accredited to access a Secure Access version of Next Steps, the Safeguarded (EUL) version of the study - Next Steps: Sweeps 1-9, 2004-2023 (SN 5545) - will be automatically provided alongside.

SN 5545 - Next Steps: Sweeps 1-9, 2004-2023 includes the main Next Steps survey data from Sweep 1 (age 14) to Sweep 9 (age 32).

Latest edition information
For the eighteenth edition (February 2025), the Sweep 9 Derived Variables data file has been updated with some newly derived variables categorised under the household (W9DCHNO12, W9DTOTCH, W9DTOTOWNCH) and education (W9DAQLVLH, W9DVQLVLH) sections. The Longitudinal data file have been updated with changes to the weight variables. Three out of the four weights in the previous version have been removed. W9FINWTALLB has been renamed to W9FINWT in line with previous sweeps. The user guide has been updated to reflect these changes. Furthermore, the derived variables user guide has been merged into the main user guide and can be accessed via Appendix 1.

The Infant Feeding Survey (IFS) has been carried out every five years since 1975, in order to establish information about infant feeding practices. Government policy in the United Kingdom has consistently supported breastfeeding as the best way of ensuring a healthy start for infants and of promoting women's health. Current guidance on infant feeding is as follows:

• breastmilk is the best form of nutrition for infants;
• exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for around the first six months (26 weeks) of an infant's life;
• infant formula is the only recommended alternative to breastfeeding for babies who are under 12 months old;
• around six months is the recommended age for the introduction of solid foods for infants, whether breastfed or fed on breastmilk substitutes;
• breastfeeding (and/or breastmilk substitutes) should continue beyond the first six months, along with appropriate types and amounts of solid foods;
• mothers who are unable to, or choose not to, follow these recommendations should be supported to optimise their infants' nutrition.

Since the IFS began, the content of the survey has evolved to reflect the prevailing government policy agenda, while recognising the importance of maintaining consistency over time to allow comparison and trend analysis. The first IFS in 1975 took place in England and Wales only. From 1980 the survey covered Scotland, while from 1990 Northern Ireland was also included. The 2005 survey was the first to provide separate estimates for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, as well as for the UK as a whole, and to provide estimates of exclusive breast-feeding (where the baby is given only breast milk, no other liquids or solids).

Further information about the IFS series may be found on the Health and Social Care Information Centre website (search for 'Infant Feeding Survey').

The UK Data Archive holds IFS data from 1985 onwards. A separate survey, Infant Feeding in Asian Families, 1994-1996, covering England only, is held under SN 3759.

The 2010 IFS was based on an initial representative sample of mothers who were selected from all UK births registered during August and October 2010. Three stages of data collection were conducted, with Stage 1 being carried out when babies were around 4-10 weeks old, Stage 2 when they were 4-6 months old, and Stage 3 when they were 8-10 months old. A total of 10,768 mothers completed and returned all three questionnaires. For the first time in 2010, additional questions were included alongside the main Stage 2 questionnaire for mothers of multiple births.

Users should note that the UK Data Archive study currently includes questionnaire data from Stages 1, 2 and 3 and the multiple births data, with Excel data tables relating to survey methodology and sampling error.

The main aims of the 2010 survey were broadly similar to previous IFS, and were as follows:

• to establish how infants born in 2010 were being fed and to provide national figures on the incidence, prevalence and duration of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding;
• to examine trends in infant feeding practices over recent years, in particular to compare changes between 2005 and 2010;
• to investigate variations in feeding practices among different socio-demographic groups and the factors associated with mothers' feeding intentions and with the feeding practices adopted in the early weeks;
• to establish the age at which solid foods are introduced and to examine practices associated with introducing solid foods up to 9 months;
• to measure the proportion of mothers who smoke and drink during pregnancy, and to look at the patterns of smoking and drinking behaviour before, during and after the birth; and
• to measure levels of awareness of and registration on the Healthy Start scheme and understand how Healthy Start vouchers are being used. (The Healthy Start scheme provides support for mothers in receipt of certain benefits and tax credits. Vouchers are provided that can be spent on milk, infant formula, fresh fruit or vegetables for pregnant women and children under 4 years old and coupons are also available for free vitamins for pregnant women, mothers and babies.)

For the second edition (July 2013), data and documentation from Stage 3 of the survey were added to the study.

Linking files in Stata - a warning
Stata users should note that the case identifier variable (ID) number structure may differ across datasets for all three stages. The letter prefixing the ID number may be upper case in one dataset and lower case in another. This is related to whether an online, face-to-face, CATI or postal route was used to complete the questionnaire- for example one respondent has the ID number 'E00157' in Stage 1 and Stage 2, but 'e00157' in Stage 3. Apart from the upper/lower case prefix letter, the ID number is exactly the same. However, the Stata command used to link the datasets (the 'merge' function) requires an exact match on the matching variable (ID), so if the prefix letter is lower case in one stage and upper case in another stage, Stata will reject the link and assume those cases are different respondents. At present, 441 cases are affected by this. The original datasets were compiled in SPSS, which does not distinguish between the upper and lower case prefix letters while merging datasets.

Note from the depositor, September 2016:
The depositor has sent the following note to data users: "An error in the Stage 1 dataset has been identified. Ninety-nine mothers stated that it was their first birth (Q3), that they had a total of 1 child (Q4) but then also selected the option to say that they had a multiple birth (Q5). The Stage 2 and Stage 3 data are unaffected and no figures in the published report or tables are affected. Users analysing the Stage 1 dataset should take this anomaly into account when including multiple births data in Stage 1 in their analysis."

GCCSA based data for Proficiency in Spoken English by Year of Arrival in Australia by Sex, in Place of Enumeration Profile (PEP), 2016 Census. Count of persons born overseas in the following categories of proficiency: Speaks English only, Multilingual speaks English well, Multilingual speaks English not well/at all, Multilingual English proficiency not stated, Total multilingual people, Language and English proficiency not stated, and Total persons. Excludes persons born in 'Australia, (includes External Territories), nfd', 'Norfolk Island' and 'Australian External Territories, nec' and persons who did not state a country of birth. Where year of arrival is stated as 2016, it refers to the period from 1 January 2016 to 9 August 2016. P11 is broken up into 2 sections (P11a – P11b), this section contains 'Males Speaks English only Year of arrival Before 2000’ - ' Persons Speaks other language and speaks English Total Year of arrival 2000 2005’. The data is by GCCSA 2016 boundaries. Periodicity: 5-Yearly. Note: There are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals. For more information visit the data source: http://www.abs.gov.au/census.

Abstract

Noncommunicable diseases are the top cause of deaths. In 2008, more than 36 million people worldwide died of such diseases. Ninety per cent of those lived in low-income and middle-income countries.WHO Maps Noncommunicable Disease Trends in All Countries The STEPS Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor Survey, part of the STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) Adult Risk Factor Surveillance project by the World Health Organization (WHO), is a survey methodology to help countries begin to develop their own surveillance system to monitor and fight against noncommunicable diseases. The methodology prescribes three steps—questionnaire, physical measurements, and biochemical measurements. The steps consist of core items, core variables, and optional modules. Core topics covered by most surveys are demographics, health status, and health behaviors. These provide data on socioeconomic risk factors and metabolic, nutritional, and lifestyle risk factors. Details may differ from country to country and from year to year.

The general objective of the Zimbabwe NCD STEPS survey was to assess the risk factors of selected NCDs in the adult population of Zimbabwe using the WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases surveillance. The specific objectives were: - To assess the distribution of life-style factors (physical activity, tobacco and alcohol use), and anthropometric measurements (body mass index and central obesity) which may impact on diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors. - To identify dietary practices that are risk factors for selected NCDs. - To determine the prevalence and determinants of hypertension - To determine the prevalence and determinants of diabetes. - To determine the prevalence and determinants of serum lipid profile.

Geographic coverage

Mashonaland Central, Midlands and Matebeleland South Provinces.

Analysis unit

Household Individual

Universe

The survey comprised of individuals aged 25 years and over.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

A multistage sampling strategy with 3 stages consisting of province, district and health centre was employed. The World Health Organization STEPwise Approach (STEPS) was used as the design basis for the survey. The 3 randomly selected provinces for the survey were Mashonaland Central, Midlands and Matebeleland South. In each Province four districts were chosen and four health centres were surveyed per district. The survey comprised of individuals aged 25 years and over.The survey was carried out on 3,081 respondents consisting of 1,189 from Midlands,944 from Mashonaland Central and 948 from Matebeleland South. A detailed description of the sampling process is provided in sections 3.8 -3.9. if the survey report provided under the related materials tab.

Sampling deviation

Designing a community-based survey such as this one is fraught with difficulties in ensuring representativeness of the sample chosen. In this survey there was a preponderance of female respondents because of the pattern of employment of males and females which also influences urban rural migration.

The response rate in Midlands was lower than the other two provinces in both STEP 2 and 3. This notable difference was due to the fact that Midlands had more respondents sampled from the urban communities. A higher proportion of urban respondents was formally employed and therefore did not complete STEP 2 and 3 due to conflict with work schedules.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

In this survey all the core and selected expanded and optional variables were collected. In addition a food frequency questionnaire and a UNICEF developed questionnaire, the Fortification Rapid Assessment Tool (FRAT) were administered to elicit relevant dietary information.

Cleaning operations

Data entry for Step 1 and Step 2 data was carried out as soon as data became available to the data management team. Step 3 data became available in October and data entry was carried out when data quality checks were completed in November. Report writing started in September and a preliminary report became available in December 2005.

Training of data entry clerks Five data entry clerks were recruited and trained for one week. The selection of data entry clerks was based on their performance during previous research carried out by the MOH&CW. The training of the data entry clerks involved the following: - Familiarization with the NCD, FRAT and FFQ questionnaires. - Familiarization with the data entry template. - Development of codes for open-ended questions. - Statistical package (EPI Info 6). - Development of a data entry template using EPI6. - Development of check files for each template - Trial runs (mock runs) to check whether template was complete and user friendly for data entry. - Double entry (what it involves and how to do it and why it should be done). - Pre-primary data cleaning (check whether denominators are tallying) of the data entry template was done.

Data Entry for NCD, FRAT and FFQ questionnaires The questionnaires were sequentially numbered and were then divided among the five data entry clerks. Each one of the data entry clerks had a unique identifier for quality control purposes. Hence, the data was entered into five separate files using the statistical package EPI Info version 6.0. The data entry clerks inter-changed their files for double entry and validation of the data. Preliminary data cleaning was done for each of the five files. The five files were then merged to give a single file. The merged file was then transferred to STATA Version 7.0 using Stat Transfer version 5.0.

Data Cleaning A data-cleaning workshop was held with the core research team members. The objectives of the workshop were: 1. To check all data entry errors. 2. To assess any inconsistencies in data filling. 3. To assess any inconsistencies in data entry. 4. To assess completeness of the data entered.

Data Merging There were two datasets (NCD questionnaire dataset and laboratory dataset) after the data entry process. The two files were merged by joining corresponding observations from the NCD questionnaire dataset with those from the laboratory dataset into single observations using a unique identifier. The ID number was chosen as the unique identifier since it appeared in both data sets. The main aim of merging was to combine the two datasets containing information on behaviour of individuals and the NCD laboratory parameters. When the two data sets were merged, a new merge variable was created. The merge variable took values 1, 2 and 3. Merge variable==1 Observation appeared in the NCD questionnaire data set but a corresponding observation was not in the laboratory data set Merge variable==2 Observation appeared in the laboratory data set but a corresponding observation did not appear in the questionnaire data set Merge variable==3 Observation appeared in both data sets and reflects a complete merge of the two data sets.

Data Cleaning After Merging Data cleaning involved identifying the observations where the merge variable values were either 1 or 2. Merge status for each observation was also changed after effecting any corrections. The other two unique variables that were used in the cleaning were Province, district and health centre since they also appeared in both data sets.

Objectives of cleaning: 1. Match common variables in both data sets and identify inconsistencies in other matching variables e.g. province, district and health centre. 2. To check for any data entry errors.

Response rate

A total of 3,081 respondents were included in the survey against an estimated sample size of 3,000. The response rate for Step 1 was 80% for and for Step 2 70% taking Step 1 accrual as being 100%.

The 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) is a longitudinal birth cohort study, following a nationally representative sample of over 17,000 people born in England, Scotland and Wales in a single week of 1970. Cohort members have been surveyed throughout their childhood and adult lives, mapping their individual trajectories and creating a unique resource for researchers. It is one of very few longitudinal studies following people of this generation anywhere in the world.

Since 1970, cohort members have been surveyed at ages 5, 10, 16, 26, 30, 34, 38, 42, 46, and 51. Featuring a range of objective measures and rich self-reported data, BCS70 covers an incredible amount of ground and can be used in research on many topics. Evidence from BCS70 has illuminated important issues for our society across five decades. Key findings include how reading for pleasure matters for children's cognitive development, why grammar schools have not reduced social inequalities, and how childhood experiences can impact on mental health in mid-life. Every day researchers from across the scientific community are using this important study to make new connections and discoveries.

BCS70 is run by the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS), a research centre in the UCL Institute of Education, which is part of University College London. The content of BCS70 studies, including questions, topics and variables can be explored via the CLOSER Discovery website.

How to access genetic and/or bio-medical sample data from a range of longitudinal surveys:
For information on how to access biomedical data from BCS70 that are not held at the UKDS, see the CLS Genetic data and biological samples webpage.

Secure Access datasets
Secure Access versions of BCS70 have more restrictive access conditions than versions available under the standard End User Licence (EUL).

The main aim of the 1970 British Cohort Study: Age 34, Sweep 7, 2004-2005 was to explore the factors central to the formation and maintenance of adult identity in each of the following domains:

• lifelong learning
• relationships, parenting and housing
• employment and income
• health and health behaviour
• citizenship and values

For the fifth edition (May 2020), a dataset and an accompanying user guide on the Dyslexia Adult Screening Test (DAST) module, which was completed as part of the 2004 survey, have been added to the study.

This dataset presents the footprint of the percentage of selected women giving birth for the first time who gave birth by non-instrumental vaginal birth, by the mother's usual residence. This has been calculated with the number of selected females giving birth for the first time who gave birth by non-instrumental vaginal birth, divided by all selected females, and multiplied by 100. The data spans the years of 2014-2016 and is aggregated to Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3) geographic areas from the 2011 Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS).

Women included are those who gave birth for the first time and met all of the following criteria:

• Aged between 20 and 34.

• Gestational age at birth between 37 and 41 completed weeks.

• Pregnancy has one baby only (singleton).

• The presentation of the baby is vertex (baby's head was at the cervix).

The data is sourced from the National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC), which is a national population-based cross-sectional collection of data on pregnancy and childbirth. The data are based on births reported to the perinatal data collection in each state and territory in Australia. Midwives and other birth attendants, using information obtained from mothers and from hospital or other records, complete notification forms for each birth. A standard de-identified extract is provided to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) on an annual basis to form the NPDC.

For further information about this dataset, please visit:

• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare - National Core Maternity Indicators Data Tables.

• Metadata Online Registry Entry.

Please note:

• AURIN has spatially enabled the original data.

• A birth is defined as an event in which a baby comes out of the uterus after a pregnancy of at least 20 weeks gestation or weighing 400 grams or more.

• A non-instrumental vaginal birth is one in which the baby is born through the vagina without the assistance of instruments (vacuum or forceps).

• Non-instrumental vaginal births include spontaneous vaginal and vaginal breech.

• Data for selected women criteria, parity, were not available from Victoria for 2009.

• Data for Tasmania from 2004 to 2012 were not available. For Tasmania from 2005 to 2012, presentations via caesarean births were not reported by hospitals still using paper-based form. Where a caesarean section occurred the presentation was recorded as ‘Not stated’. Presentations via caesarean births were included in the paper-based form from 1 January 2013. The year 2004 was not included in this analysis.

• Data for Statistical Local Area Level 3 (SA3) of mother's usual residence reported using a 3-year aggregate, 2014-2016.

• The sum of the reported 'Grouped by' values may not equal the Australia total.

Average House Prices in Canada decreased to 690900 CAD in May from 692400 CAD in April of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Canada Average House Prices.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

Next Steps (also known as the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England (LSYPE1)) is a major longitudinal cohort study following a nationally representative group of around 16,000 who were in Year 9 attending state and independent schools in England in 2004, a cohort born in 1989-90.

The first seven sweeps of the study were conducted annually (2004-2010) when the study was funded and managed by the Department for Education (DfE). The study mainly focused on the educational and early labour market experiences of young people.

In 2015 Next Steps was restarted, under the management of the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS) at the UCL Faculty of Education and Society (IOE) and funded by the Economic and Social Research Council. The Next Steps Age 25 survey was aimed at increasing the understanding of the lives of young adults growing up today and the transitions out of education and into early adult life.

The Next Steps Age 32 Survey took place between April 2022 and September 2023 and is the ninth sweep of the study. The Age 32 Survey aimed to provide data for research and policy on the lives of this generation of adults in their early 30s. This sweep also collected information on many wider aspects of cohort members' lives including health and wellbeing, politics and social participation, identity and attitudes as well as capturing personality, resilience, working memory and financial literacy.

Next Steps survey data is also linked to the National Pupil Database (NPD), the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), the Individualised Learner Records (ILR) and the Student Loans Company (SLC).

There are now two separate studies that began under the LSYPE programme. The second study, Our Future (LSYPE2) (available at the UK Data Service under GN 2000110), began in 2013 and will track a sample of over 13,000 young people annually from ages 13/14 through to age 20.

Further information about Next Steps may be found on the CLS website.

Secure Access datasets:

Secure Access versions of Next Steps have more restrictive access conditions than Safeguarded versions available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section).

Secure Access versions of the Next Steps include:

• sensitive variables from the questionnaire data for Sweeps 1-9. These are available under Secure Access SN 8656.
  
• National Pupil Database (NPD) linked data at Key Stages 2, 3, 4 and 5, England. These are available under SN 7104.
• Linked Individualised Learner Records learner and learning aims datasets for academic years 2005 to 2014, England. These are available under SN 8577.
  
• detailed geographic indicators for Sweep 1 and Sweep 8 (2001 Census Boundaries) are available under SN 8189, geographic indicators for Sweep 8 and 9 (2011 Census Boundaries) are available under SN 8190, and geographic indicators for Sweep 9 (2021 Census Boundaries) are available under SN 9337. The Sweep 1 geography file was previously held under SN 7104.
• Linked Health Administrative Datasets (Hospital Episode Statistics) for financial years 1997-2022 held under SN 8681.
• Linked Student Loans Company Records for years 2007-2021 held under SN 8848.

When researchers are approved/accredited to access a Secure Access version of Next Steps, the Safeguarded (EUL) version of the study - Next Steps: Sweeps 1-9, 2004-2023 (SN 5545) - will be automatically provided alongside.

International Data Access Network (IDAN)
These data are now available to researchers based outside the UK. Selected UKDS SecureLab/controlled datasets from the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) and the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS) have been made available under the International Data Access Network (IDAN) scheme, via a Safe Room access point at one of the UKDS IDAN partners. Prospective users should read the UKDS SecureLab application guide for non-ONS data for researchers outside of the UK via Safe Room Remote Desktop Access. Further details about the IDAN scheme can be found on the UKDS International Data Access Network webpage and on the IDAN website.

Main Topics:

The Next Steps: Sweeps 1 and 8, 2001 and 2016: Geographical Identifiers, 2001 Census Boundaries: Secure Access data include the address at interview linked to:

• Country
• Region 2010
• Ward 1998
• Census Statistic Ward 2003
• Output Area 2001
• Lower Super Output Area 2001
• Middle Super Output Area 2001
• Local Authority District / Unitary Authority 2013
• Westminster Parliamentary Constituency 2010
• Local Education Authority 2009

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Scottish Executive has sponsored surveys of school-leavers and young people since the early 1970s. These include the first incarnation of the Scottish School-Leavers Survey (SSLS) which, in the mid-1980s, was subsumed within the broader Scottish Young People's Survey (SYPS - this series is held at the UK Data Archive (UKDA) under GN 33227). Following a review in 1991 of the use made of the findings by the Scottish Executive Education and Industry Department (SEEID), the survey was redesigned and resumed the title of the Scottish School-Leavers Survey. A further review in 1996 led to the establishment of the current design, which involves sampling cohorts of young people in fourth year and then collecting data from them on four occasions, at the ages of 16-17, 18-19, 21-22 and 23-24 years.

The series is conducted for the Scottish Executive by the National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), who were known as Social and Community Planning Research prior to 1999. The Scottish Centre for Social Research (SCSR or ScotCen) was created in 2004 by combining NatCen's existing operation in Scotland with an independent research consultancy, Scottish Health Feedback. SCSR have now taken over the running of the SSLS series.

The SSLS series obtains information on the educational and employment activities of young people after they leave school; their views and experiences of school itself; and key decisions made about whether to stay on at school or not. In addition, background characteristics are gathered, such as parents' level of education and social class, family circumstances and housing tenure. One of the main aims of the survey is to try and predict demand for higher education. The survey involves a random sample of all pupils in the relevant school year group. The only exception is that pupils at special schools (but not those in mainstream schools registered as having special educational needs) are excluded from the survey. The sample consists of all pupils born on any one of certain predetermined days of the month.

This dataset comprises the first and second contacts with the third cohort of young people to be recruited since the series was redesigned in 1996 (Cohort 1 was drawn from respondents already included in the SSLS prior to the redesign). The sample was composed of young people who had been in school year S4 in Scotland during the academic year 2001-2002. The first sweep was conducted with these respondents in 2003 when they were aged 16-17 years, and the second in 2005, when they were aged 19 years. Data and documentation from the second sweep was added to the dataset for the second edition.

Main Topics:

Topics covered include educational and employment activities of respondents after they left school; their views and experiences of school itself (at the first sweep); and key decisions made as to whether to stay on at school or leave. In addition, information was gathered on background characteristics such as parents' level of education and social class, family circumstances and housing tenure.

Standard Measures:

• Standard Occupational Classification, 1990 (SOC90)
• Standard Occupational Classification, 2000 (SOC2000)
• Standard Industrial Classification, 1992 (SIC92)
• National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification (NS-SEC)