This dataset provides information on how often people aged 3 or older say that they speak Welsh, by Welsh age and sex. These percentages sum to the total percentage who report being able to speak Welsh.

This dataset provides information for people aged 3 or older who say they can speak Welsh, by Welsh local authority.

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents aged 16 years and over in employment the week before the census in Wales by ability to speak Welsh and by occupation. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

As Census 2021 was during a unique period of rapid change, take care when using this data for planning purposes. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Welsh speaking ability

This classifies a person as being able to "Speak Welsh". They may have also ticked one or more of the following:

• understand spoken Welsh
• read Welsh
• write Welsh

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

Occupation (current)

Classifies what people aged 16 years and over do as their main job. Their job title or details of activities they do in their job and any supervisory or management responsibilities form this classification. This information is used to code responses to an occupation using the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) 2020.

It classifies people who were in employment between 15 March and 21 March 2021, by the SOC code that represents their current occupation.

The lowest level of detail available is the four-digit SOC code which includes all codes in three, two and one digit SOC code levels.

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents in Wales by their ability to understand Welsh. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Welsh understanding ability (3 categories)

This classifies a person as being able to understand spoken Welsh if they ticked "Understand spoken Welsh" in the census questionnaire. They may have also ticked one or more of the following:

• speak Welsh
• read Welsh
• write Welsh

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The Welsh Language Board commissioned a series of three surveys over 2004-2006 in order to expand on the information available from the 2001 Census. The intention was to obtain information on who uses Welsh, and with whom, when and how much they use it. The survey, called the Language Use Survey, was organised to supplement the Living in Wales survey (LIW), conducted between 2004 and 2008 by the Welsh Assembly Government. The LIW survey provided the sample frame, i.e. those identified within LIW as able to speak Welsh formed the sample for the Welsh Language Use Survey. Data from all three survey years are combined here within one data file. (Users should note that it is not currently possible to link these data to the LIW data held at the UK Data Archive.) The Welsh Language Use Survey has been commissioned to run again from 2013 to 2015, using a sample frame from the successor to the LIW, the National Survey for Wales, which began in 2009. Further details of the plans can be found on the National Assembly for Wales' Welsh Language Use Survey 2013-15 webpage. Main Topics: Topics covered included: Welsh language skills; use of Welsh (by domain and frequency); use of Welsh in employment; demographic details. Multi-stage stratified random sample Face-to-face interview Self-completion

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents aged 3 years and over in Wales by Welsh language skills, by sex, and by age. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

Estimates for single year of age between ages 90 and 100+ are less reliable than other ages. Estimation and adjustment at these ages was based on the age range 90+ rather than five-year age bands. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Welsh language skills

Whether a person has Welsh language skills. If they do, can they do any of the following:

• understand spoken Welsh
• speak Welsh
• read Welsh
• write Welsh
• no skills in Welsh

The census questionnaire only asked this question to people in Wales.

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

Sex

This is the sex recorded by the person completing the census. The options were “Female” and “Male”.

Age

A person’s age on Census Day, 21 March 2021 in England and Wales. Infants aged under 1 year are classified as 0 years of age.

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents in Wales aged 3 years and over in Wales by ability to speak Welsh, by national identity, and by age. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

The increase since the 2011 Census in people identifying as “British” and fall in people identifying as “English” may partly reflect true changes in self-perception. It is also likely to reflect that “British” replaced “English” as the first response option listed on the questionnaire in England. Read more about this quality notice.

Estimates for single year of age between ages 90 and 100+ are less reliable than other ages. Estimation and adjustment at these ages was based on the age range 90+ rather than five-year age bands. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Welsh speaking ability

This classifies a person as being able to "Speak Welsh". They may have also ticked one or more of the following:

• understand spoken Welsh
• read Welsh
• write Welsh

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

National identity

Someone’s national identity is a self-determined assessment of their own identity, it could be the country or countries where they feel they belong or think of as home. It is not dependent on ethnic group or citizenship.

Respondents could select more than one national identity.

Age (B)

A person’s age on Census Day, 21 March 2021 in England and Wales. Infants aged under 1 year are classified as 0 years of age. Age is categorised as follows:

• Aged 15 years and under
• Aged 16 to 49 years
• Aged 50 years and over

Dataset Card for "english_dialects"

  Dataset Summary

This dataset consists of 31 hours of transcribed high-quality audio of English sentences recorded by 120 volunteers speaking with different accents of the British Isles. The dataset is intended for linguistic analysis as well as use for speech technologies. The speakers self-identified as native speakers of Southern England, Midlands, Northern England, Welsh, Scottish and Irish varieties of English. The recording scripts… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/ylacombe/english_dialects.

This dataset provides information for people aged 3 or older who say they can read, write and understand spoken Welsh, by Welsh local authority

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents in Wales by their ability to speak Welsh by age. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

Estimates for single year of age between ages 90 and 100+ are less reliable than other ages. Estimation and adjustment at these ages was based on the age range 90+ rather than five-year age bands.

Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Welsh speaking ability (3 categories)

This classifies a person as being able to "Speak Welsh". They may have also ticked one or more of the following:

• understand spoken Welsh

• read Welsh

• write Welsh

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

Age (86 categories)

A person’s age on Census Day, 21 March 2021 in England and Wales. Infants aged under 1 year are classified as 0 years of age.

The census is undertaken by the Office for National Statistics every 10 years and gives us a picture of all the people and households in England and Wales. The most recent census took place in March of 2021.The census asks every household questions about the people who live there and the type of home they live in. In doing so, it helps to build a detailed snapshot of society. Information from the census helps the government and local authorities to plan and fund local services, such as education, doctors' surgeries and roads.Key census statistics for Leicester are published on the open data platform to make information accessible to local services, voluntary and community groups, and residents. There is also a dashboard published showcasing various datasets from the census allowing users to view data for the MSOAs of Leicester and compare this with Leicester overall statistics.Further information about the census and full datasets can be found on the ONS website - https://www.ons.gov.uk/census/aboutcensus/censusproductsMain languageThis dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents in England and Wales by their main language. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.Main language is a person's first or preferred language. They may speak other languages as well. A main language is provided only for residents age 3 and above. Residents age below 3 years will appear as ‘Does not apply’. Please note that some organisations exclude those below 3 years when calculating percentages for this variable.This dataset contains information for the MSOAs of Leicester City.

A mixed methods approach was adopted, with the project undertaking qualitative interviews and a questionnaire survey. The interviews were conducted with policy-makers, teachers and young people in both Wales and Scotland. These focused on the link between education, minority languages and identity in both countries. Key themes include the use of minority languages in different settings (Welsh and Scots Gaelic), as well as the institutional support provided for the use of these languages by the schools. The interviews also address the link between minority language use and identity, as well as broader connections with other practices, including volunteering. This project investigated the types of civic participation and conceptions of language and identity promoted within the statutory education system, and within civil society organisations working with young people. The research took place in both Wales and Scotland. The questionnaire survey was conducted across a series of schools in Wales, focusing on the link between education, minority languages and identity. Key themes include the use of minority languages in different settings, the link between minority language use and identity, as well as broader connections with other practices, including volunteering.This proposal is for a National Research Centre (WISERD/Civil Society) to undertake a five year programme of policy relevant research addressing Civil Society in Wales. Established in 2008, WISERD provides an 'All-Wales' focus for research and has had a major impact on the quantity and quality of social science research undertaken in Wales. As part of WISERD, WISERD/Civil Society will enable this work to be deepened and sustained through a focused research programme that further develops our research expertise, intensifies our policy impact and knowledge exchange work and strengthens our research capacity and career development activities. WISERD/Civil Society will therefore aim to develop key aspects of the multidisciplinary research initiated during the first phase of WISERD's work to produce new empirical evidence to inform our understanding of the changing nature of civil society in the context of devolved government and processes of profound social and economic change. There are many disagreements over what civil society is and how it may be changing. We do know that over the last forty years there have been unprecedented changes in the spheres of economy and industry, politics and governance, social relations and individual life courses. How individuals in local contexts are affected by and respond to dramatic institutional changes is not well understood. An important gap in our knowledge is in describing and explaining the impact of social change on local forms of civil society and civil society organisations and what this means for social cohesion and well-being. In addition how different forms of civil society are developing in the context of multi-level and devolved government is not well understood. Because of its size and devolved government, Wales offers a unique context for studying these issues. Viewing Wales as a 'laboratory for social science' the proposed centre will build on existing networks of researchers who have a wide range of expertise and skills. Large survey data sets will be exploited and analysed and new data collected on civil society in Wales, the UK and Europe. Inter-disciplinarity and multi-method approaches applied to longitudinal and comparative data will be a key feature and strength of the WISERD/Civil Society research programme. Our research will be underpinned by three principles: (i) to maximise research impact, (ii) to become a centre of excellence for comparative, longitudinal, and relational research methods and (iii) to contribute to the growth of research capacity in Wales. We will also extend our research out from Wales to undertake comparative studies at different regional, national and international levels. In this way WISERD will make substantive and novel contributions to the advancement of social theory applied to researching contemporary civil society and to methodological approaches to describing and explaining patterns of civic participation in the context of devolution and multi-level governance. Substantive research will be applied to real and timely research problems conducted under four inter-related themes: 1) Locality, Community and Civil Society 2) Individuals, Institutions and Governance 3) Economic Austerity, Social Enterprise and Inequality 4) Generation, Life Course and Social Participation. Our aim will be to produce a wide range of outputs accessible to a variety of different audiences, including: academic papers; books; working papers; seminars; web based material; video and e-learning materials; as well as disseminating our work through a diversity of activities. Public awareness will be raised through events; activities; and exhibitions, designed to foster interest and encourage discussion and debate. WISERD/Civil Society will have a strong management structure, substantial institutional support, and close links with relevant organisations, and will provide substantive career development for new and early-career researchers and PhD students. This collection contains qualitative interviews and a questionnaire survey. These data were collected in 14 schools, seven in Wales and seven in Scotland. Schools were chosen on the basis of their geographical location (e.g. rural/urban, island/metropolitan, within/outside of the Welsh-speaking 'heartland'), their linguistic characteristics (e.g. differing levels of support for the Welsh language in Wales) and their social characteristics (e.g. affluent areas, deprived post-industrial areas). Face-to-face interviews were conducted in school with students and teachers. A researcher attended each school and gave a short introduction to the study. They then arranged a follow-up interview. Once the schools had been identified, students within these schools were recruited for interview at random. In total, 90 semi-structured qualitative interviews were undertaken. 69 of these interviews were conducted in Wales, with 32 conducted in English and 37 in Welsh. Three of these were with teachers and 66 with pupils. In Scotland, 21 interviews were conducted in English. The questionnaire survey was conducted in the sampled schools in Wales. Teachers helped to identify suitable classes within each school. Three schools encouraged pupils to complete the questionnaires in their own time and response rates were lower here. The sample contains 147 pupils.

The census is undertaken by the Office for National Statistics every 10 years and gives us a picture of all the people and households in England and Wales. The most recent census took place in March of 2021.The census asks every household questions about the people who live there and the type of home they live in. In doing so, it helps to build a detailed snapshot of society. Information from the census helps the government and local authorities to plan and fund local services, such as education, doctors' surgeries and roads.Key census statistics for Leicester are published on the open data platform to make information accessible to local services, voluntary and community groups, and residents. There is also a dashboard published showcasing various datasets from the census allowing users to view data for Leicester and compare this with national statistics.Further information about the census and full datasets can be found on the ONS website - https://www.ons.gov.uk/census/aboutcensus/censusproductsMain languageThis dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents in England and Wales by their main language. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.Main language is a person's first or preferred language. They may speak other languages as well. A main language is provided only for residents age 3 and above. Residents age below 3 years will appear as ‘Does not apply’. Please note that some organisations exclude those below 3 years when calculating percentages for this variable.This dataset contains information for Leicester City and England overall.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. To examine the social correlates of religious participation, chiefly in terms of communal involvement. The survey was undertaken in Newtown/Machynlleth (N/M). Main Topics: Attitudinal/Behavioural Questions Details of previous residence, whether outside local area/Wales, where childhood spent (respondent and spouse), length of residence in N/M, number of moves since aged fifteen, persons known in N/M prior to move. Reasons for decision to move to or away from N/M, respondent's sense of belonging to N/M, particular likes/dislikes of N/M, preferred place of residence. Place of marriage (whether normal place of worship), expectations of children living in N/M. Frequency of contact with children, parents and relatives. Number of close friends in N/M (details of four closest friends - sex, length of friendship, place of residence, frequency of contact, method of getting to know friends, whether friends know one another). Respondents were asked about their neighbours (frequency of chats, whether neighbours considered friends, visits to each other's houses). Assessment of friendliness of N/M residents, opinion on whether people in general look after themselves or others. Recognition and identification of groups/classes in N/M, subjective affiliation to groups/classes. Membership of clubs/organisations (ranked in order of importance), frequency of attendance at meetings, number of close friends in clubs/organisations, previous memberships, reasons for leaving. Opinion on adequacy of leisure facilities in N/M, suggested improvements. Opinion of development in Newtown. Parents' membership of church or chapel during respondent's childhood, respondent's attendance at church and Sunday School, whether attendance changed during teens (reasons), importance of religion in family. Denominational affiliation (duration), other denominational adherence, reasons for changing/leaving denominations, offices held in church, church attendance. Situation in which respondent would cease to attend church, aspects of church/chapel liked and disliked, number of close friends among congregation, meetings with church friends outside. Opinion of people who attend church regularly. Opinion on relation of Christianity and church attendance. Knowledge of ministers in local area, membership of political organisations, reasons for leaving, voting intention, vote in 1970 and 1974 elections, ranking of civic figures in order of influence, fluency in Welsh, number of friends who speak Welsh, attendance at Welsh-speaking festivals. If Welsh speaking: amount of time Welsh spoken (change in last few years), frequency of exposure to Welsh media. Non-Welsh speakers: whether ever tried to learn Welsh. Respondents were asked to agree/disagree with a number of statements about general human nature, social and personal values and Wales. Willingness to move out of area for better job. Background Variables Age, sex, marital status, place of birth, number of children (age finished full-time education, occupation, age). For children not living at home: place of residence. Parents: whether alive, where spent most of married life, present residence. Father's occupation when respondent was a child present or last job. Employment status, occupation (present and previous), place of work, length of employment, age finished full-time education. Car ownership, newspapers read regularly.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. This is a mixed methods study. The data are an output from an ESRC-funded comparative project on Devolution and Decentralisation in Wales and Brittany, part of the ESRC’s Devolution and Constitutional Change programme. The project set out with several objectives: to compare public opinion about political institutions and public policy in Wales and the French region of Brittany; to compare and contrast mass and elite opinions on institutions and policy within and across Wales and Brittany; to inform policy practice in Wales by drawing lessons from experience in Brittany (especially in the fields of regional languages, education and training) and to contribute to our knowledge of European regional governance by adopting a comparative perspective and elaborating new theoretical frameworks. Around 200 face-to-face interviews were conducted in Wales and Brittany as well as a Welsh language focus group, a comparative opinion survey, and an elite questionnaire in four languages (English, Welsh, French and Breton). The data for Political Institutions, Public Policy and Public Opinion in Brittany, France, 2001 and Political Institutions, Public Policy and Public Opinion in Wales, 2001 also provides information from the opinion poll carried out in Brittany and Wales in June 2001. The market research companies interviewed a representative sample of individuals, selected by quotas of age, gender, socio-economic group and locality. Interviews were conducted by telephone, using CATI. The data for Political Institutions, Public Policy and the Policy Community in Brittany, France, 2001-2002 (elite survey) and Political Institutions, Public Policy and the Policy Community in Wales, 2001-2002 (elite survey) provides information from the elite survey conducted in Brittany and Wales in 2001 and 2002. The questionnaire was distributed to members of the policy community. The data for Regional Governance and the Policy Community in Brittany, France, 2001-2002 and Devolution and the Policy Community in Wales, 2001-2002 provides transcripts and summaries of interviews conducted in Brittany and Wales during 2001 and 2002. The interview sample for the 'policy community' data were determined by snowball sampling and advice from members of an advisory group. Main Topics: Public Opinion and Policy Community data for Wales and Brittany The socio-demographic variables are those of region; locality; gender; occupation of chief income earner; level of education; country of birth; intended vote in a general election; intended vote in an Assembly election (Wales)/ Regional Council election (Brittany); working status; time spent in Wales/Brittany; age; marital status; children in full time education and level of interest in politics. Most of the survey material is in the form of detailed analysis of attitudinal and opinion variables on matters relating to devolution/decentralisation; Welsh/Breton identity and attitudes (preferences) towards issues of the Welsh/Breton language; education and training. The principal attitudinal questions investigate views on devolution/decentralisation for Wales/Brittany; the 'Moreno' identity scale; the Loire-Atlantique and administrative region of Brittany; opinions and views on the performance of the National Assembly/Brittany Regional Council; beliefs about the main challenges facing Wales; future expenditure priorities; preferences for regional political institutions; relations between the Assembly/Regional Council and similar bodies elsewhere in Europe; importance of organisations and levels of government for the governance of Wales/Brittany; understanding of, and views om, the Welsh/Breton language; public policy and decision-making arenas and the Welsh/Breton language; lessons from linguistic experiences elsewhere; Breton language in schools; attendance at a training course in the past 24 months; priorities for spending money on training in Wales/Brittany; decision-making arenas and training in Wales/Brittany; priorities for improving the training of young people and attitudes towards adopting more interventionist policies (the importance of qualifications against employment, the desirability of training levies and whether there should be a legal requirement to undertake training); lessons from experiences elsewhere. Regional Governance and the Policy Community in Brittany Interviews The data consists of a rich archive of 67 interview transcriptions. Prolonged face-to-face interviews took place during two separate periods of six months in France, from April to September 2001 and 2002. Interviews were taped and transcribed. They lasted an average of one hour. The basic interview schedule aimed at elucidating complex processes of governance within the regional policy community, as well as identifying lessons and specifying contacts from cross-national comparisons. Interviewees also completed a questionnaire (see policy community data for Brittany) that allowed for structured comparisons between Wales and Brittany. Three types of actor were identified: regional political; language; education and training policy actors. The interviews are remarkable for revealing a mass of detailed information about the workings of political and policy processes at the meso-level in France. The interviews throw as much light on the broader issues of governance and decentralisation, as on the detailed operation of policy communities in the distinctive (and contrasting) worlds of training and regional languages. Devolution and the Policy Community in Wales Interviews The data consists of 54 interview transcriptions, mainly in the form of detailed summaries. The individuals taking part in the survey represented a wide range of organisations concerned with devolution, especially in the area of education and training. The richness of the data rests upon the detailed questioning of Assembly members from all parties at the mid-term of the first Welsh Assembly, as well as investigation within the Welsh policy community more generally. Many more interviews were carried out than those presented (just over one-half of the total), but the data presents an excellent overview of the research carried out. Resources ran out before the transcription for all interviews could be completed. Transcription and anonymisation of the Welsh language interviews was not possible within the timsecale of the project therefore the Welsh interviews have restricted access . The interview schedule followed the following lines of enquiry, taking care to elucidate answers to a broad range of questions, variable according to interlocutor: general attitudes to devolution: does devolution make a difference?- if so, how and why?; assessment of the performance of the National Assembly for Wales; precise examples of policy difference and convergence especially (but not only) in the field of education and training; likely institutional evolution; relations between the Assembly and similar bodies elsewhere; policy lessons; contacts; networks; attitudes to Welsh identity and preferences towards issues of the Welsh language, education and training. Interviewees also completed a questionnaire (see policy community data for Wales). These interviews allow appreciation of the full range of free-flowing, in-depth narratives on devolution, to complement the more structured opinion poll and elite questionnaires that were carried out. Standard Measures A mixture of measurement techniques were used, mainly nominal and ordinal (four point Likert scale)

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents aged 16 years and over in Wales by ability to speak Welsh and by whether and when they were last employed. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

As Census 2021 was during a unique period of rapid change, take care when using this data for planning purposes. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Welsh speaking ability

This classifies a person as being able to "Speak Welsh". They may have also ticked one or more of the following:

• understand spoken Welsh
• read Welsh
• write Welsh

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

Employment history

Classifies people who were not in employment on Census Day into:

• Not in employment: Worked in the last 12 months
• Not in employment: Not worked in the last 12 months
• Not in employment: Never worked

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents aged 3 years and over in households in Wales who can speak Welsh, by Welsh language skills and by household size. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Welsh-speakers in household

Number of people (aged 3 years and over) who can speak Welsh in households in Wales.

Household size

The number of people in the household.

Visitors staying at an address do not count to that household’s size.

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents aged 3 years and over in Wales by general health, by ability to speak Welsh, and by age. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

Estimates for single year of age between ages 90 and 100+ are less reliable than other ages. Estimation and adjustment at these ages was based on the age range 90+ rather than five-year age bands. Read more about this quality notice.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

General health

A person's assessment of the general state of their health from very good to very bad. This assessment is not based on a person's health over any specified period of time.

Welsh speaking ability

This classifies a person as being able to "Speak Welsh". They may have also ticked one or more of the following:

• understand spoken Welsh
• read Welsh
• write Welsh

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

Age (B)

A person’s age on Census Day, 21 March 2021 in England and Wales. Infants aged under 1 year are classified as 0 years of age. Age is categorised as followed:

• Aged 15 years and under
• Aged 16 to 49 years
• Aged 50 years and over

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usual residents aged 16 years and over in employment the week before the census in Wales by ability to speak Welsh by industry. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021. Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Welsh speaking ability

This classifies a person as being able to "Speak Welsh". They may have also ticked one or more of the following:

• understand spoken Welsh
• read Welsh
• write Welsh

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

Industry (current)

Classifies people aged 16 years and over who were in employment between 15 March and 21 March 2021 by the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code that represents their current industry or business.

The SIC code is assigned based on the information provided about a firm or organisation’s main activity.

This dataset provides Census 2021 estimates that classify usually resident dependent children aged 3 years and over in families in Wales by family type, by the parents' ability to speak Welsh, by age, and by the ability to speak Welsh. The estimates are as at Census Day, 21 March 2021.

Area type

Census 2021 statistics are published for a number of different geographies. These can be large, for example the whole of England, or small, for example an output area (OA), the lowest level of geography for which statistics are produced.

For higher levels of geography, more detailed statistics can be produced. When a lower level of geography is used, such as output areas (which have a minimum of 100 persons), the statistics produced have less detail. This is to protect the confidentiality of people and ensure that individuals or their characteristics cannot be identified.

Coverage

Census 2021 statistics are published for the whole of England and Wales. Data are also available in these geographic types:

• country - for example, Wales
• region - for example, London
• local authority - for example, Cornwall
• health area – for example, Clinical Commissioning Group
• statistical area - for example, MSOA or LSOA

Family type and Welsh-speaking adults

Classifies the type of family (married or civil partnership, cohabiting or lone parent) and categorises them by whether any adults in that family can speak Welsh. This classification only includes families in Wales.

"Not applicable" applies to families in England.

Welsh speaking ability

This classifies a person as being able to "Speak Welsh". They may have also ticked one or more of the following:

• understand spoken Welsh
• read Welsh
• write Welsh

In results that classify people by Welsh language skills, a person may appear in more than one category depending on which combination of skills they have.

Dependent child age

Counts dependent children and gives an age classification.

"Not applicable" applies to non-dependent children and adults.