Sure! I'd be happy to provide you with an introduction to machine learning basics for beginners. Machine learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on enabling computers to learn and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. Here are some key concepts and terms to help you get started:

1. Supervised Learning: In supervised learning, the machine learning algorithm learns from labeled training data. The training data consists of input examples and their corresponding correct output or target values. The algorithm learns to generalize from this data and make predictions or classify new, unseen examples.

2. Unsupervised Learning: Unsupervised learning involves learning patterns and relationships from unlabeled data. Unlike supervised learning, there are no target values provided. Instead, the algorithm aims to discover inherent structures or clusters in the data.

3. Training Data and Test Data: Machine learning models require a dataset to learn from. The dataset is typically split into two parts: the training data and the test data. The model learns from the training data, and the test data is used to evaluate its performance and generalization ability.

4. Features and Labels: In supervised learning, the input examples are often represented by features or attributes. For example, in a spam email classification task, features might include the presence of certain keywords or the length of the email. The corresponding output or target values are called labels, indicating the class or category to which the example belongs (e.g., spam or not spam).

5. Model Evaluation Metrics: To assess the performance of a machine learning model, various evaluation metrics are used. Common metrics include accuracy (the proportion of correctly predicted examples), precision (the proportion of true positives among all positive predictions), recall (the proportion of true positives predicted correctly), and F1 score (a combination of precision and recall).

6. Overfitting and Underfitting: Overfitting occurs when a model becomes too complex and learns to memorize the training data instead of generalizing well to unseen examples. On the other hand, underfitting happens when a model is too simple and fails to capture the underlying patterns in the data. Balancing the complexity of the model is crucial to achieve good generalization.

7. Feature Engineering: Feature engineering involves selecting or creating relevant features that can help improve the performance of a machine learning model. It often requires domain knowledge and creativity to transform raw data into a suitable representation that captures the important information.

8. Bias and Variance Trade-off: The bias-variance trade-off is a fundamental concept in machine learning. Bias refers to the errors introduced by the model's assumptions and simplifications, while variance refers to the model's sensitivity to small fluctuations in the training data. Reducing bias may increase variance and vice versa. Finding the right balance is important for building a well-performing model.

9. Supervised Learning Algorithms: There are various supervised learning algorithms, including linear regression, logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, support vector machines (SVM), and neural networks. Each algorithm has its own strengths, weaknesses, and specific use cases.

10. Unsupervised Learning Algorithms: Unsupervised learning algorithms include clustering algorithms like k-means clustering and hierarchical clustering, dimensionality reduction techniques like principal component analysis (PCA) and t-SNE, and anomaly detection algorithms, among others.

These concepts provide a starting point for understanding the basics of machine learning. As you delve deeper, you can explore more advanced topics such as deep learning, reinforcement learning, and natural language processing. Remember to practice hands-on with real-world datasets to gain practical experience and further refine your skills.

Advances in neuroimaging, genomic, motion tracking, eye-tracking and many other technology-based data collection methods have led to a torrent of high dimensional datasets, which commonly have a small number of samples because of the intrinsic high cost of data collection involving human participants. High dimensional data with a small number of samples is of critical importance for identifying biomarkers and conducting feasibility and pilot work, however it can lead to biased machine learning (ML) performance estimates. Our review of studies which have applied ML to predict autistic from non-autistic individuals showed that small sample size is associated with higher reported classification accuracy. Thus, we have investigated whether this bias could be caused by the use of validation methods which do not sufficiently control overfitting. Our simulations show that K-fold Cross-Validation (CV) produces strongly biased performance estimates with small sample sizes, and the bias is still evident with sample size of 1000. Nested CV and train/test split approaches produce robust and unbiased performance estimates regardless of sample size. We also show that feature selection if performed on pooled training and testing data is contributing to bias considerably more than parameter tuning. In addition, the contribution to bias by data dimensionality, hyper-parameter space and number of CV folds was explored, and validation methods were compared with discriminable data. The results suggest how to design robust testing methodologies when working with small datasets and how to interpret the results of other studies based on what validation method was used.

As of 2024, customer data was the leading source of information used to train artificial intelligence (AI) models in South Korea, with nearly ** percent of surveyed companies answering that way. About ** percent responded to use public sector support initiatives.

Utilize our machine learning datasets to develop and validate your models. Our datasets are designed to support a variety of machine learning applications, from image recognition to natural language processing and recommendation systems. You can access a comprehensive dataset or tailor a subset to fit your specific requirements, using data from a combination of various sources and websites, including custom ones. Popular use cases include model training and validation, where the dataset can be used to ensure robust performance across different applications. Additionally, the dataset helps in algorithm benchmarking by providing extensive data to test and compare various machine learning algorithms, identifying the most effective ones for tasks such as fraud detection, sentiment analysis, and predictive maintenance. Furthermore, it supports feature engineering by allowing you to uncover significant data attributes, enhancing the predictive accuracy of your machine learning models for applications like customer segmentation, personalized marketing, and financial forecasting.

As per Cognitive Market Research's latest published report, the Global Machine Learning market size was USD 24,345.76 million in 2021 and it is forecasted to reach USD 206,235.41 million by 2028. Machine Learning Industry's Compound Annual Growth Rate will be 42.64% from 2023 to 2030. Market Dynamics of Machine Learning Market

Key Drivers for Machine Learning Market

Explosion of Big Data Across Industries: The substantial increase in both structured and unstructured data generated by sensors, social media, transactions, and IoT devices is driving the demand for machine learning-based data analysis.

Widespread Adoption of AI in Business Processes: Machine learning is facilitating automation, predictive analytics, and optimization in various sectors such as healthcare, finance, manufacturing, and retail, thereby enhancing efficiency and outcomes.

Increased Availability of Open-Source Frameworks and Cloud Platforms: Resources like TensorFlow, PyTorch, and scalable cloud infrastructure are simplifying the process for developers and enterprises to create and implement machine learning models.

Growing Investments in AI-Driven Innovation: Governments, venture capitalists, and major technology companies are making substantial investments in machine learning research and startups, which is accelerating progress and market entry.

Key Restraints for Machine Learning Market

Shortage of Skilled Talent in ML and AI: The need for data scientists, machine learning engineers, and domain specialists significantly surpasses the available supply, hindering scalability and implementation in numerous organizations.

High Computational and Operational Costs: The training of intricate machine learning models necessitates considerable computing power, energy, and infrastructure, resulting in high costs for startups and smaller enterprises.

Data Privacy and Regulatory Compliance Challenges: Issues related to user privacy, data breaches, and adherence to regulations such as GDPR and HIPAA present obstacles in the collection and utilization of data for machine learning.

Lack of Model Transparency and Explainability: The opaque nature of certain machine learning models undermines trust, particularly in sensitive areas like finance and healthcare, where the need for explainable AI is paramount.

Key Trends for Machine Learning Market

Growth of AutoML and No-Code ML Platforms: Automated machine learning tools are making AI development more accessible, enabling individuals without extensive coding or mathematical expertise to construct models.

Integration of ML with Edge Computing: Executing machine learning models locally on edge devices (such as cameras and smartphones) is enhancing real-time performance and minimizing latency in applications.

Ethical AI and Responsible Machine Learning Practices: Increasing emphasis on fairness, bias reduction, and accountability is shaping ethical frameworks and governance in ML adoption.

Industry-Specific ML Applications on the Rise: Custom ML solutions are rapidly emerging in sectors like agriculture (crop prediction), logistics (route optimization), and education (personalized learning).

COVID-19 Impact:

Similar to other industries, the covid-19 situation has affected the machine learning industry. Despite the dire conditions and uncertain collapse, some industries have continued to grow during the pandemic. During covid 19, the machine learning market remains stable with positive growth and opportunities. The global machine learning market faces minimal impact compared to some other industries.The growth of the global machine learning market has stagnated owing to automation developments and technological advancements. Pre-owned machines and smartphones widely used for remote work are leading to positive growth of the market. Several industries have transplanted the market progress using new technologies of machine learning systems. June 2020, DeCaprio et al. Published COVID-19 pandemic risk research is still in its early stages. In the report, DeCaprio et al. mentions that it has used machine learning to build an initial vulnerability index for the coronavirus. The lab further noted that as more data and results from ongoing research become available, it will be able to see more practical applications of machine learning in predicting infection risk. What is&nbs...

MLFMF MLFMF (Machine Learning for Mathematical Formalization) is a collection of data sets for benchmarking recommendation systems used to support formalization of mathematics with proof assistants. These systems help humans identify which previous entries (theorems, constructions, datatypes, and postulates) are relevant in proving a new theorem or carrying out a new construction. The MLFMF data sets provide solid benchmarking support for further investigation of the numerous machine learning approaches to formalized mathematics. With more than 250,000 entries in total, this is currently the largest collection of formalized mathematical knowledge in machine learnable format. In addition to benchmarking the recommendation systems, the data sets can also be used for benchmarking node classification and link prediction algorithms. The four data sets Each data set is derived from a library of formalized mathematics written in proof assistants Agda or Lean. The collection includes

the largest Lean 4 library Mathlib, the three largest Agda libraries:

the standard library the library of univalent mathematics Agda-unimath, and the TypeTopology library. Each data set represents the corresponding library in two ways: as a heterogeneous network, and as a list of syntax trees of all the entries in the library. The network contains the (modular) structure of the library and the references between entries, while the syntax trees give complete and easily parsed information about each entry. The Lean library data set was obtained by converting .olean files into s-expressions (see the lean2sexp tool). The Agda data sets were obtained with an s-expression extension of the official Agda repository (use either master-sexp or release-2.6.3-sexp branch). For more details, see our arXiv copy of the paper. Directory structure First, the mlfmf.zip archive needs to be unzipped. It contains a separate directory for every library (for example, the standard library of Agda can be found in the stdlib directory) and some auxiliary files. Every library directory contains

the network file from which the heterogeneous network can be loaded, a zip of the entries directory that contains (many) files with abstract syntax trees. Each of those files describes a single entry of the library. In addition to the auxiliary files which are used for loading the data (and described below), the zipped sources of lean2sexp and Agda s-expression extension are present. Loading the data In addition to the data files, there is also a simple python script main.py for loading the data. To run it, you will have to install the packages listed in the file requirements.txt: tqdm and networkx. The easiest way to do so is calling pip install -r requirements.txt. When running main.py for the first time, the script will unzip the entry files into the directory named entries. After that, the script loads the syntax trees of the entries (see the Entry class) and the network (as networkx.MultiDiGraph object). Note. The entry files have extension .dag (directed acyclic graph), since Lean uses node sharing, which breaks the tree structure (a shared node has more than one parent node). More information For more information about the data collection process, detailed data (and data format) description, and baseline experiments that were already performed with these data, see our arXiv copy of the paper. For the code that was used to perform the experiments and data format description, visit our github repository https://github.com/ul-fmf/mlfmf-data. Funding Since not all the funders are available in the Zenodo's database, we list them here:

This material is based upon work supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under award number FA9550-21-1-0024. The authors also acknowledge the financial support of the Slovenian Research Agency via the research core funding No. P2-0103 and No. P1-0294.

Dataset

This dataset was created by jiankang wang663

Released under MIT

Contents

Data for machine learning course.

This package contains data in a portion of northern Nevada, the extent of the ‘Nevada Machine Learning Project’ (DE-EE0008762). Slip tendency (TS) and dilation tendency (TD) were calculated for the all the faults in the Nevada ML study area. TS is the ratio between the shear components of the stress tensor and the normal components of the stress tensor acting on a fault plane. TD is the ratio of all the components of the stress tensor that are normal to a fault plane. Faults with higher TD are relatively more likely to dilate and host open, conductive fractures. Faults with higher TS are relatively more likely to slip, and these fractures may be propped open and conductive. These values of TS and TD were used to update a map surface from the Nevada Geothermal Machine Learning Project (DE-FOA-0001956) that used less reliable estimates for TS and TD. The new map surface was generated using the same procedure as the old surface, just with the new TS and TD data values.

This dataset consists of imagery, imagery footprints, associated ice seal detections and homography files associated with the KAMERA Test Flights conducted in 2019. This dataset was subset to include relevant data for detection algorithm development. This dataset is limited to data collected during flights 4, 5, 6 and 7 from our 2019 surveys.

Scraped Data on AI, ML, DS & Big Data Jobs is a comprehensive dataset that includes valuable information about job opportunities in the fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Data Science (DS), and Big Data. The dataset covers various aspects, including company names, job titles, locations, job types (full-time, part-time, remote), experience levels, salary ranges, job requirements, and available facilities.

This dataset offers a wealth of insights for job seekers, researchers, and organizations interested in the rapidly evolving fields of AI, ML, DS, and Big Data. By analyzing the data, users can gain a better understanding of the job market trends, geographical distribution of opportunities, popular job titles, required skills and qualifications, salary expectations, and the types of facilities provided by companies in these domains.

Whether you are exploring career prospects, conducting market research, or building predictive models, this dataset serves as a valuable resource to extract meaningful insights and make informed decisions in the exciting world of AI, ML, DS, and Big Data jobs.

The North America Machine Learning (ML) Market size was valued at USD 19.20 USD billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 172.15 USD billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 36.8 % during the forecast period. The increase in demand for efficient data analytics solutions, the growth of cloud computing, and the proliferation of IoT devices are driving the market's growth. Machine learning (ML) is a discipline of artificial intelligence that provides machines with the ability to automatically learn from data and past experiences while identifying patterns to make predictions with minimal human intervention. Machine learning methods enable computers to operate autonomously without explicit programming. ML applications are fed with new data, and they can independently learn, grow, develop, and adapt. Machine learning derives insightful information from large volumes of data by leveraging algorithms to identify patterns and learn in an iterative process. ML algorithms use computation methods to learn directly from data instead of relying on any predetermined equation that may serve as a model. Machine learning is used today for a wide range of commercial purposes, including suggesting products to consumers based on their past purchases, predicting stock market fluctuations, and translating text from one language to another. The North America Machine Learning (ML) Market is primarily driven by the increasing adoption of essential services like security information and cloud applications. Key drivers for this market are: Growing Adoption of Mobile Commerce to Augment the Demand for Virtual Fitting Room Tool . Potential restraints include: Lack of Privacy and Privacy Violations in AI and ML Applications to Restrain Market Growth. Notable trends are: Growing Implementation of Touch-based and Voice-based Infotainment Systems to Increase Adoption of Intelligent Cars.

The social and financial systems of many nations throughout the world are significantly impacted by life expectancy (LE) models. Numerous studies have pointed out the crucial effects that life expectancy projections will have on societal issues and the administration of the global healthcare system. The computation of life expectancy has primarily entailed building an ordinary life table. However, the life table is limited by its long duration, the assumption of homogeneity of cohorts and censoring. As a result, a robust and more accurate approach is inevitable. In this study, a supervised machine learning model for estimating life expectancy rates is developed. The model takes into consideration health, socioeconomic, and behavioral characteristics by using the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm to data from 193 UN member states. The effectiveness of the model's prediction is compared to that of the Random Forest (RF) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) regressors utilized in earlier research. XGBoost attains an MAE and an RMSE of 1.554 and 2.402, respectively outperforming the RF and ANN models that achieved MAE and RMSE values of 7.938 and 11.304, and 3.86 and 5.002, respectively. The overall results of this study support XGBoost as a reliable and efficient model for estimating life expectancy. Methods Secondary data were used from which a sample of 2832 observations of 21 variables was sourced from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN) databases. The data was on 193 UN member states from the year 2000–2015, with the LE health-related factors drawn from the Global Health Observatory data repository.

Machine Learning Market Outlook

The global machine learning market is projected to witness a remarkable growth trajectory, with the market size estimated to reach USD 21.17 billion in 2023 and anticipated to expand to USD 209.91 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 29.2% over the forecast period. This extraordinary growth is primarily propelled by the escalating demand for artificial intelligence-driven solutions across various industries. As businesses seek to leverage machine learning for improving operational efficiency, enhancing customer experience, and driving innovation, the market is poised to expand rapidly. Key factors contributing to this growth include advancements in data generation, increasing computational power, and the proliferation of big data analytics.

A pivotal growth factor for the machine learning market is the ongoing digital transformation across industries. Enterprises globally are increasingly adopting machine learning technologies to optimize their operations, streamline processes, and make data-driven decisions. The healthcare sector, for example, leverages machine learning for predictive analytics to improve patient outcomes, while the finance sector uses machine learning algorithms for fraud detection and risk assessment. The retail industry is also utilizing machine learning for personalized customer experiences and inventory management. The ability of machine learning to analyze vast amounts of data in real-time and provide actionable insights is fueling its adoption across various applications, thereby driving market growth.

Another significant growth driver is the increasing integration of machine learning with the Internet of Things (IoT). The convergence of these technologies enables the creation of smarter, more efficient systems that enhance operational performance and productivity. In manufacturing, for instance, IoT devices equipped with machine learning capabilities can predict equipment failures and optimize maintenance schedules, leading to reduced downtime and costs. Similarly, in the automotive industry, machine learning algorithms are employed in autonomous vehicles to process and analyze sensor data, improving navigation and safety. The synergistic relationship between machine learning and IoT is expected to further propel market expansion during the forecast period.

Moreover, the rising investments in AI research and development by both public and private sectors are accelerating the advancement and adoption of machine learning technologies. Governments worldwide are recognizing the potential of AI and machine learning to transform industries, leading to increased funding for research initiatives and innovation centers. Companies are also investing heavily in developing cutting-edge machine learning solutions to maintain a competitive edge. This robust investment landscape is fostering an environment conducive to technological breakthroughs, thereby contributing to the growth of the machine learning market.

Supervised Learning, a subset of machine learning, plays a crucial role in the advancement of AI-driven solutions. It involves training algorithms on a labeled dataset, allowing the model to learn and make predictions or decisions based on new, unseen data. This approach is particularly beneficial in applications where the desired output is known, such as in classification or regression tasks. For instance, in the healthcare sector, supervised learning algorithms are employed to analyze patient data and predict health outcomes, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy. Similarly, in finance, these algorithms are used for credit scoring and fraud detection, providing financial institutions with reliable tools for risk assessment. As the demand for precise and efficient AI applications grows, the significance of supervised learning in driving innovation and operational excellence across industries becomes increasingly evident.

From a regional perspective, North America holds a dominant position in the machine learning market due to the early adoption of advanced technologies and the presence of major technology companies. The region's strong focus on R&D and innovation, coupled with a well-established IT infrastructure, further supports market growth. In addition, Asia Pacific is emerging as a lucrative market for machine learning, driven by rapid industrialization, increasing digitalization, and government initiatives promoting AI adoption. The region is witnessing significant investments in AI technologies, particu

Images have always played a vital role in human life because vision is the most crucial sense for humans. As a result, image processing has a wide range of applications. Photographs are everywhere nowadays, more than ever, and it is quite easy for anyone to make a large number of photographs utilizing a smart phone. Given the complexities of vision, machine learning has emerged as a critical component of intelligent computer vision programmed when adaptability is required. Deep learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence that combines a number of statistical, probabilistic, and optimisation techniques to enable computers to "learn" from previous examples and find difficult-to-detect patterns in big, noisy, or complex data sets. This capability is particularly well-suited to medical applications, especially those that depend on complex promote and genomic measurements. An innovative integration of machine learning in image processing is very likely to have a great benefit to the field, which will contribute to a better understanding of complex images. This capability is especially well-suited to medical applications that rely on complicated promote and genomic measurements. A novel application of deep learning in image processing is extremely likely to benefit the field and lead to a better understanding of complicated images. A country’s economy is dependent on agricultural productivity. The identification of plant diseases is critical for reducing production losses and enhancing agricultural product quality. Traditional methods are dependable, but they necessitate the use of a human resource to visually observe plant leaf patterns and identify disease. Traditional methods take more time and need more labour. Early identification of plant disease utilising automated procedures will reduce productivity loss in large farm fields. We propose a vision-based automatic detection of plant disease detection utilising Image Processing Technique in this research. By recognising the colour feature of the leaf region, image processing algorithms are developed to detect plant illness or disease. The K mean algorithm is utilised for colour segmentation, whereas the GLCM algorithm is employed for disease classification. Plant infection based on vision yielded efficient results and Promising performance.

Machine learning‐based behaviour classification using acceleration data is a powerful tool in bio‐logging research. Deep learning architectures such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), long short‐term memory (LSTM) and self‐attention mechanisms as well as related training techniques have been extensively studied in human activity recognition. However, they have rarely been used in wild animal studies. The main challenges of acceleration‐based wild animal behaviour classification include data shortages, class imbalance problems, various types of noise in data due to differences in individual behaviour and where the loggers were attached and complexity in data due to complex animal‐specific behaviours, which may have limited the application of deep learning techniques in this area. To overcome these challenges, we explored the effectiveness of techniques for efficient model training: data augmentation, manifold mixup and pre‐training of deep learning models with unlabelled data, using datasets from two species of wild seabirds and state‐of‐the‐art deep learning model architectures. Data augmentation improved the overall model performance when one of the various techniques (none, scaling, jittering, permutation, time‐warping and rotation) was randomly applied to each data during mini‐batch training. Manifold mixup also improved model performance, but not as much as random data augmentation. Pre‐training with unlabelled data did not improve model performance. The state‐of‐the‐art deep learning models, including a model consisting of four CNN layers, an LSTM layer and a multi‐head attention layer, as well as its modified version with shortcut connection, showed better performance among other comparative models. Using only raw acceleration data as inputs, these models outperformed classic machine learning approaches that used 119 handcrafted features. Our experiments showed that deep learning techniques are promising for acceleration‐based behaviour classification of wild animals and highlighted some challenges (e.g. effective use of unlabelled data). There is scope for greater exploration of deep learning techniques in wild animal studies (e.g. advanced data augmentation, multimodal sensor data use, transfer learning and self‐supervised learning). We hope that this study will stimulate the development of deep learning techniques for wild animal behaviour classification using time‐series sensor data.

This abstract is cited from the original article "Exploring deep learning techniques for wild animal behaviour classification using animal-borne accelerometers" in Methods in Ecology and Evolution (Otsuka et al., 2024).Please see README for the details of the datasets.

This model archive contains the input data, model code, and model outputs for machine learning models that predict daily non-tidal stream salinity (specific conductance) for a network of 459 modeled stream segments across the Delaware River Basin (DRB) from 1984-09-30 to 2021-12-31. There are a total of twelve models from combinations of two machine learning models (Random Forest and Recurrent Graph Convolution Neural Networks), two training/testing partitions (spatial and temporal), and three input attribute sets (dynamic attributes, dynamic and static attributes, and dynamic attributes and a minimum set of static attributes). In addition to the inputs and outputs for non-tidal predictions provided on the landing page, we also provide example predictions for models trained with additional tidal stream segments within the model archive (TidalExample folder), but we do not recommend our models for this use case. Model outputs contained within the model archive include performance metrics, plots of spatial and temporal errors, and Shapley (SHAP) explainable artificial intelligence plots for the best models. The results of these models provide insights into DRB stream segments with elevated salinity, and processes that drive stream salinization across the DRB, which may be used to inform salinity management. This data compilation was funded by the USGS.

The diamond is 58 times harder than any other mineral in the world, and its elegance as a jewel has long been appreciated. Forecasting diamond prices is challenging due to nonlinearity in important features such as carat, cut, clarity, table, and depth. Against this backdrop, the study conducted a comparative analysis of the performance of multiple supervised machine learning models (regressors and classifiers) in predicting diamond prices. Eight supervised machine learning algorithms were evaluated in this work including Multiple Linear Regression, Linear Discriminant Analysis, eXtreme Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines, Boosted Regression and Classification Trees, and Multi-Layer Perceptron. The analysis is based on data preprocessing, exploratory data analysis (EDA), training the aforementioned models, assessing their accuracy, and interpreting their results. Based on the performance metrics values and analysis, it was discovered that eXtreme Gradient Boosting was the most optimal algorithm in both classification and regression, with a R2 score of 97.45% and an Accuracy value of 74.28%. As a result, eXtreme Gradient Boosting was recommended as the optimal regressor and classifier for forecasting the price of a diamond specimen. Methods Kaggle, a data repository with thousands of datasets, was used in the investigation. It is an online community for machine learning practitioners and data scientists, as well as a robust, well-researched, and sufficient resource for analyzing various data sources. On Kaggle, users can search for and publish various datasets. In a web-based data-science environment, they can study datasets and construct models.

According to a survey of artificial intelligence (AI) companies in South Korea carried out in 2024, roughly **** percent of the data used when developing AI products and services was private data. On the other hand, public data comprised around **** percent.

Airoboros LLMs Math Dataset

Mastering Complex Mathematical Operations in Machine Learning

By Huggingface Hub [source]

About this dataset

The Airoboros-3.1 dataset is the perfect tool to help machine learning models excel in the difficult realm of complicated mathematical operations. This data collection features thousands of conversations between machines and humans, formatted in ShareGPT to maximize optimization in an OS ecosystem. The dataset’s focus on advanced subjects like factorials, trigonometry, and larger numerical values will help drive machine learning models to the next level - facilitating critical acquisition of sophisticated mathematical skills that are essential for ML success. As AI technology advances at such a rapid pace, training neural networks to correspondingly move forward can be a daunting and complicated challenge - but with Airoboros-3.1’s powerful datasets designed around difficult mathematical operations it just became one step closer to achievable!

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For more datasets, click here.

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How to use the dataset

To get started, download the dataset from Kaggle and use the train.csv file. This file contains over two thousand examples of conversations between ML models and humans which have been formatted using ShareGPT - fast and efficient OS ecosystem fine-tuning tools designed to help with understanding mathematical operations more easily. The file includes two columns: category and conversations, both of which are marked as strings in the data itself.

Once you have downloaded the train file you can begin setting up your own ML training environment by using any of your preferred frameworks or methods. Your model should focus on predicting what kind of mathematical operations will likely be involved in future conversations by referring back to previous dialogues within this dataset for reference (category column). You can also create your own test sets from this data, adding new conversation topics either by modifying existing rows or creating new ones entirely with conversation topics related to mathematics. Finally, compare your model’s results against other established models or algorithms that are already published online!

Happy training!

Research Ideas

• It can be used to build custom neural networks or machine learning algorithms that are specifically designed for complex mathematical operations.
• This data set can be used to teach and debug more general-purpose machine learning models to recognize large numbers, and intricate calculations within natural language processing (NLP).
• The Airoboros-3.1 dataset can also be utilized as a supervised learning task: models could learn from the conversations provided in the dataset how to respond correctly when presented with complex mathematical operations

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

License: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication No Copyright - You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. See Other Information.

Columns

File: train.csv | Column name | Description | |:------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| | category | The type of mathematical operation being discussed. (String) | | conversations | The conversations between the machine learning model and the human. (String) |

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. If you use this dataset in your research, please credit Huggingface Hub.

Data of investigation published in the article: "Using Machine Learning for Web Page Classification in Search Engine Optimization"

Abstract of the article:

This paper presents a novel approach of using machine learning algorithms based on experts’ knowledge to classify web pages into three predefined classes according to the degree of content adjustment to the search engine optimization (SEO) recommendations. In this study, classifiers were built and trained to classify an unknown sample (web page) into one of the three predefined classes and to identify important factors that affect the degree of page adjustment. The data in the training set are manually labeled by domain experts. The experimental results show that machine learning can be used for predicting the degree of adjustment of web pages to the SEO recommendations—classifier accuracy ranges from 54.59% to 69.67%, which is higher than the baseline accuracy of classification of samples in the majority class (48.83%). Practical significance of the proposed approach is in providing the core for building software agents and expert systems to automatically detect web pages, or parts of web pages, that need improvement to comply with the SEO guidelines and, therefore, potentially gain higher rankings by search engines. Also, the results of this study contribute to the field of detecting optimal values of ranking factors that search engines use to rank web pages. Experiments in this paper suggest that important factors to be taken into consideration when preparing a web page are page title, meta description, H1 tag (heading), and body text—which is aligned with the findings of previous research. Another result of this research is a new data set of manually labeled web pages that can be used in further research.