Indexes of real expenditure per capita in the United States relative to those in Canada for categories of gross domestic income (GDI), Canada=100, on an International Comparison Project Classification (ICP) basis.

This table contains 45 series, with data for years 2014 - 2014 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada) State visited (15 items: Florida; New York; Washington; California; ...) Travel characteristics (3 items: Visits; Nights; Spending in country).

Number of vehicles travelling between Canada and the United States, by trip characteristics, length of stay and type of transportation. Data available monthly.

This table contains 45 series, with data for years 2014 - 2014 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada) Country of origin (15 items: United States; United Kingdom; France; China; ...) Traveller characteristics (3 items: Trips; Nights; Spending in Canada).

Canada Exports to United States was US$434.88 Billion during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Canada Exports to United States - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on August of 2025.

On the continental scale, climate is an important determinant of the distributions of plant taxa and ecoregions. To quantify and depict the relations between specific climate variables and these distributions, we placed modern climate and plant taxa distribution data on an approximately 25-kilometer (km) equal-area grid with 27,984 points that cover Canada and the continental United States (Thompson and others, 2015). The gridded climatic data include annual and monthly temperature and precipitation, as well as bioclimatic variables (growing degree days, mean temperatures of the coldest and warmest months, and a moisture index) based on 1961-1990 30-year mean values from the University of East Anglia (UK) Climatic Research Unit (CRU) CL 2.0 dataset (New and others, 2002), and absolute minimum and maximum temperatures for 1951-1980 interpolated from climate-station data (WeatherDisc Associates, 1989). As described below, these data were used to produce portions of the "Atlas of relations between climatic parameters and distributions of important trees and shrubs in North America" (hereafter referred to as "the Atlas"; Thompson and others, 1999a, 1999b, 2000, 2006, 2007, 2012a, 2015). Evolution of the Atlas Over the 16 Years Between Volumes A & B and G: The Atlas evolved through time as technology improved and our knowledge expanded. The climate data employed in the first five Atlas volumes were replaced by more standard and better documented data in the last two volumes (Volumes F and G; Thompson and others, 2012a, 2015). Similarly, the plant distribution data used in Volumes A through D (Thompson and others, 1999a, 1999b, 2000, 2006) were improved for the latter volumes. However, the digitized ecoregion boundaries used in Volume E (Thompson and others, 2007) remain unchanged. Also, as we and others used the data in Atlas Volumes A through E, we came to realize that the plant distribution and climate data for areas south of the US-Mexico border were not of sufficient quality or resolution for our needs and these data are not included in this data release. The data in this data release are provided in comma-separated values (.csv) files. We also provide netCDF (.nc) files containing the climate and bioclimatic data, grouped taxa and species presence-absence data, and ecoregion assignment data for each grid point (but not the country, state, province, and county assignment data for each grid point, which are available in the .csv files). The netCDF files contain updated Albers conical equal-area projection details and more precise grid-point locations. When the original approximately 25-km equal-area grid was created (ca. 1990), it was designed to be registered with existing data sets, and only 3 decimal places were recorded for the grid-point latitude and longitude values (these original 3-decimal place latitude and longitude values are in the .csv files). In addition, the Albers conical equal-area projection used for the grid was modified to match projection irregularities of the U.S. Forest Service atlases (e.g., Little, 1971, 1976, 1977) from which plant taxa distribution data were digitized. For the netCDF files, we have updated the Albers conical equal-area projection parameters and recalculated the grid-point latitudes and longitudes to 6 decimal places. The additional precision in the location data produces maximum differences between the 6-decimal place and the original 3-decimal place values of up to 0.00266 degrees longitude (approximately 143.8 m along the projection x-axis of the grid) and up to 0.00123 degrees latitude (approximately 84.2 m along the projection y-axis of the grid). The maximum straight-line distance between a three-decimal-point and six-decimal-point grid-point location is 144.2 m. Note that we have not regridded the elevation, climate, grouped taxa and species presence-absence data, or ecoregion data to the locations defined by the new 6-decimal place latitude and longitude data. For example, the climate data described in the Atlas publications were interpolated to the grid-point locations defined by the original 3-decimal place latitude and longitude values. Interpolating the data to the 6-decimal place latitude and longitude values would in many cases not result in changes to the reported values and for other grid points the changes would be small and insignificant. Similarly, if the digitized Little (1971, 1976, 1977) taxa distribution maps were regridded using the 6-decimal place latitude and longitude values, the changes to the gridded distributions would be minor, with a small number of grid points along the edge of a taxa's digitized distribution potentially changing value from taxa "present" to taxa "absent" (or vice versa). These changes should be considered within the spatial margin of error for the taxa distributions, which are based on hand-drawn maps with the distributions evidently generalized, or represented by a small, filled circle, and these distributions were subsequently hand digitized. Users wanting to use data that exactly match the data in the Atlas volumes should use the 3-decimal place latitude and longitude data provided in the .csv files in this data release to represent the center point of each grid cell. Users for whom an offset of up to 144.2 m from the original grid-point location is acceptable (e.g., users investigating continental-scale questions) or who want to easily visualize the data may want to use the data associated with the 6-decimal place latitude and longitude values in the netCDF files. The variable names in the netCDF files generally match those in the data release .csv files, except where the .csv file variable name contains a forward slash, colon, period, or comma (i.e., "/", ":", ".", or ","). In the netCDF file variable short names, the forward slashes are replaced with an underscore symbol (i.e., "_") and the colons, periods, and commas are deleted. In the netCDF file variable long names, the punctuation in the name matches that in the .csv file variable names. The "country", "state, province, or territory", and "county" data in the .csv files are not included in the netCDF files. Data included in this release: - Geographic scope. The gridded data cover an area that we labelled as "CANUSA", which includes Canada and the USA (excluding Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and other oceanic islands). Note that the maps displayed in the Atlas volumes are cropped at their northern edge and do not display the full northern extent of the data included in this data release. - Elevation. The elevation data were regridded from the ETOPO5 data set (National Geophysical Data Center, 1993). There were 35 coastal grid points in our CANUSA study area grid for which the regridded elevations were below sea level and these grid points were assigned missing elevation values (i.e., elevation = 9999). The grid points with missing elevation values occur in five coastal areas: (1) near San Diego (California, USA; 1 grid point), (2) Vancouver Island (British Columbia, Canada) and the Olympic Peninsula (Washington, USA; 2 grid points), (3) the Haida Gwaii (formerly Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada) and southeast Alaska (USA, 9 grid points), (4) the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (22 grid points), and (5) Newfoundland (Canada; 1 grid point). - Climate. The gridded climatic data provided here are based on the 1961-1990 30-year mean values from the University of East Anglia (UK) Climatic Research Unit (CRU) CL 2.0 dataset (New and others, 2002), and include annual and monthly temperature and precipitation. The CRU CL 2.0 data were interpolated onto the approximately 25-km grid using geographically-weighted regression, incorporating local lapse-rate estimation and correction. Additional bioclimatic variables (growing degree days on a 5 degrees Celsius base, mean temperatures of the coldest and warmest months, and a moisture index calculated as actual evapotranspiration divided by potential evapotranspiration) were calculated using the interpolated CRU CL 2.0 data. Also included are absolute minimum and maximum temperatures for 1951-1980 interpolated in a similar fashion from climate-station data (WeatherDisc Associates, 1989). These climate and bioclimate data were used in Atlas volumes F and G (see Thompson and others, 2015, for a description of the methods used to create the gridded climate data). Note that for grid points with missing elevation values (i.e., elevation values equal to 9999), climate data were created using an elevation value of -120 meters. Users may want to exclude these climate data from their analyses (see the Usage Notes section in the data release readme file). - Plant distributions. The gridded plant distribution data align with Atlas volume G (Thompson and others, 2015). Plant distribution data on the grid include 690 species, as well as 67 groups of related species and genera, and are based on U.S. Forest Service atlases (e.g., Little, 1971, 1976, 1977), regional atlases (e.g., Benson and Darrow, 1981), and new maps based on information available from herbaria and other online and published sources (for a list of sources, see Tables 3 and 4 in Thompson and others, 2015). See the "Notes" column in Table 1 (https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1650-g/table1.html) and Table 2 (https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/p1650-g/table2.html) in Thompson and others (2015) for important details regarding the species and grouped taxa distributions. - Ecoregions. The ecoregion gridded data are the same as in Atlas volumes D and E (Thompson and others, 2006, 2007), and include three different systems, Bailey's ecoregions (Bailey, 1997, 1998), WWF's ecoregions (Ricketts and others, 1999), and Kuchler's potential natural vegetation regions (Kuchler, 1985), that are each based on distinctive approaches to categorizing ecoregions. For the Bailey and WWF ecoregions for North America and the Kuchler potential natural vegetation regions for the contiguous United States (i.e.,

This table presents information on tourism spending of foreign visitors in Canada by country of residence, tourism region and spending category. Country of residence is organised into eleven major source of travellers to Canada including the United States, Australia, China, Japan, South Korea, India, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Mexico and other overseas countries. Spending categories include accommodation, food and beverage, transportation in Canada, recreation and entertainment, and clothes and gifts.

United States Imports from Canada was US$421.21 Billion during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. United States Imports from Canada - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on July of 2025.

Number of outbound visits by residents of Ontario to selected provinces. ## Related * Outbound visits * Outbound visitor spending * Outbound visitor spending by province * Outbound visitor spending by country * Outbound visits by country * Outbound visits by U.S. state * Outbound visitor spending by U.S. state *[U.S.]: United States

CMAQ v5.5 Annual 2023 Gridded Predictions Across the US and Canada Data contact: Havala Pye, ORCID: 0000-0002-2014-2140 This dataset provides daily predictions of ozone and fine particle (PM2.5) species across the contiguous U.S. and a large fraction of Canada at 12km horizontal resolution for 2023. Values are predicted by CMAQv5.5 with CRACMM chemistry. Please see Pye, H. O. T. (2025). CMAQ v5.5 Annual 2023 Gridded Predictions Across the US and Canada (v1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15732714 for the full archive. Please cite the following for CMAQ with CRACMM2: Skipper, T. N., D'Ambro, E. L., Wiser, F. C., McNeill, V. F., Schwantes, R. H., Henderson, B. H., Piletic, I. R., Baublitz, C. B., Bash, J. O., Whitehill, A. R., Valin, L. C., Mouat, A. P., Kaiser, J., Wolfe, G. M., St. Clair, J. M., Hanisco, T. F., Fried, A., Place, B. K., and Pye, H. O. T.: Role of chemical production and depositional losses on formaldehyde in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12903–12924, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12903-2024, 2024. DISCLAIMER: This data product has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for public release. At the time of release, the data had not yet been published in peer-reviewed literature. The data is provided for research and the user should verify the data is suitable for their intended use.

This table contains 45 series, with data for years 2014 - 2014 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (1 item: Canada) Countries visited (15 items: United States; Mexico; United Kingdom; France; ...) Travel characteristics (3 items: Visits; Nights; Spending in country).

Data on annual expenditure by educational institutions per student, in Canadian and American dollars, reference year 2021/2022. At the primary/secondary level, the amount spent on educational core services and ancillary services is also presented.

This data set consists of records for over 900 mineral facilities in Latin America and Canada. The mineral facilities include mines, plants, smelters, or refineries of aluminum, cement, coal, copper, diamond, gold, iron and steel, nickel, platinum-group metals, salt, and silver, among others. Records include attributes such as commodity, country, location, company name, facility type and capacity if applicable, and generalized coordinates. The data were compiled from multiple sources, including the 2003 and 2004 USGS Minerals Yearbooks (Latin America and Candada volume), data to be published in the 2005 Minerals Yearbook Latin America and Canada Volume, minerals statistics and information from the USGS minerals information Web site (http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/), and data collected by USGS minerals information country specialists. Data reflect the most recent published table of industry structure for each country. Other sources include statistical publications of individual countries, annual reports and press releases of operating companies,and trade journals. Due to the sensitivity of some energy commodity data, the quality of these data should be evaluated on a country-by-country basis. Additional information and explanation is available from the country specialists.

Citation: Title: Mineral Operations of Latin America and CanadaCredits: Rachel Bernstein,J.M. Eros,Meliany Quinatana-VelazquezPublication Date: 2006Publisher: U.S. Geological SurveyOnline Linkages: http://mrdata.usgs.gov/Larger Works:Title: Mineral Facilities of Latin America and CanadaCredits: Rachel Bernstein, J.M. Eros, Meliany Quinatana-VelazquezPublication Date: 2006Publisher: U.S. Geological SurveyOnline Linkages: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1375

('This layer package was loaded using Data Basin..',)('Click here to go to the detail page for this layer package in Data Basin',), where you can find out more information, such as full metadata, or use it to create a live web map.

Canada CA: External Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current Price data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2022. Canada CA: External Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current Price data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2023, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 USD mn in 2023 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in 2023. Canada CA: External Health Expenditure Per Capita: Current Price data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Current external expenditures on health per capita expressed in current US dollars. External sources are composed of direct foreign transfers and foreign transfers distributed by government encompassing all financial inflows into the national health system from outside the country.;World Health Organization Global Health Expenditure database (http://apps.who.int/nha/database). The data was retrieved on April 4, 2025.;Weighted average;

Our French language datasets are meticulously curated and annotated by experienced linguistics and language experts, ensuring exceptional accuracy, consistency, and linguistic depth. The below datasets in French are available for license:

1. French Monolingual Dictionary Data
2. French Bilingual Dictionary Data

Key Features (approximate numbers):

1. French Monolingual Dictionary Data

Our French monolingual dataset delivers clear, reliable definitions and authentic usage examples, featuring a high volume of headwords and in-depth coverage.

• Headwords: 42,000
• Senses: 56,000
• Examples: 43,000
• Format: XML format
• Delivery: Email (link-based file sharing)
• Updated frequency: annually

1. French Bilingual Dictionary Data

The bilingual data provides translations in both directions, from English to French and from French to English. It is annually reviewed and updated by our in-house team of language experts. Offers comprehensive coverage of the language, providing a substantial volume of translated words of excellent quality that span European, African and Canadian French varieties.

• Translations: 380,000
• Senses: 199,000
• Translation sentences: 146,000
• Format: XML and JSON formats
• Delivery: Email (link-based file sharing) and REST API
• Updated frequency: annually

Use Cases:

We consistently work with our clients on new use cases as language technology continues to evolve. These include Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, TTS, dictionary display tools, games, translations, word embedding, and word sense disambiguation (WSD).

If you have a specific use case in mind that isn't listed here, we’d be happy to explore it with you. Don’t hesitate to get in touch with us at Growth.OL@oup.com to start the conversation.

Pricing:

Oxford Languages offers flexible pricing based on use case and delivery format. Our datasets are licensed via term-based IP agreements and tiered pricing for API-delivered data. Whether you’re integrating into a product, training an LLM, or building custom NLP solutions, we tailor licensing to your specific needs.

Contact our team or email us at Growth.OL@oup.com to explore pricing options and discover how our language data can support your goals.

This table contains 85 series, with data for years 1981 - 1998 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-21. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (2 items: Canada; United States ...), Comparisons (5 items: Ratios of real consumption per person in the United States compared with Canada; Purchasing power parities; Real expenditure; by category; Current expenditure; by category ...), Expenditure categories (17 items: Gross domestic product (GDP); Private final consumption expenditure; Food; beverages and tobacco; Clothing and footwear ...).

This table contains 85 series, with data for years 1981 - 1998 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years), and was last released on 2009-01-21. This table contains data described by the following dimensions (Not all combinations are available): Geography (2 items: Canada; United States ...), Comparisons (5 items: Ratios of real consumption per person in the United States compared with Canada; Current expenditure; by category; Real expenditure; by category; Purchasing power parities ...), Expenditure categories (17 items: Gross domestic product (GDP); Food; beverages and tobacco; Clothing and footwear; Individual consumption by households ...).

Canada Imports from United States was US$275.08 Billion during 2024, according to the United Nations COMTRADE database on international trade. Canada Imports from United States - data, historical chart and statistics - was last updated on July of 2025.

Following the end of a given fiscal year, final information becomes available on the use of expenditure authorities approved by Parliament and/or Treasury Board. The following tables, based on the Volume II of the Public Accounts of Canada, present a the actual expenditures of organizations that receive appropriations from Parliament. Data are presented by Vote, by Standard Object, by Program and by Transfer Payments.

All figures presented reflect information previously published in the Public Accounts of Canada, although totals may not match or agree with those presented in these documents due to rounding. In cases where machinery of government changes (such as merging or eliminating organizations) have occurred, the data has not been adjusted.

The Public Accounts of Canada is the report of the Government of Canada prepared annually by the Receiver General, as required by section 64 of the Financial Administration Act. It covers the fiscal year of the Government, which ends on March 31.

The information contained in the report originates from two sources of data:

• the summarized financial transactions presented in the Accounts of Canada, maintained by the Receiver General; and

• the detailed records, maintained by departments and agencies.

Each department and agency is responsible for reconciling its accounts to the control accounts of the Receiver General, and for maintaining detailed records of the transactions in their accounts.

Estimation of functional diversity in biological communities requires extensive and complete data on numerous functional traits of species or even individuals. When estimating functional diversity at large scales, this fact possesses an issue that may be hard to overcome: for many species, there might not be sufficient data on their functional traits. In such cases, even if there is missing information on functional trait value for one species in a community, this makes the trait impossible to use for the estimation of the functional diversity of a community. On the other hand, there are available datasets on the functional traits of all extant species within certain lineages across the world, but such datasets are often limited to very few functional traits, missing some dimensions of species' ecological niches. In this dataset, I compiled the available data from various sources that describe 23 functional traits of 703 bird species that occur in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. These functional traits include the following: diet type, diurnal and nocturnal feeding, diet items, feeding methods, feeding substrate, nest type, nest substrates, breeding system, chick development at hatching, nest aggregation, clutch size, first breeding age, number of clutches a year, breeding success, adult annual survival, mean biomass, maximum lifespan, hand-wing index, kleptoparasitism, nest parasitism, and the extent of dependency on other species for building a nest.