China recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 88.30 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - China Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

China Foreign Debt: U.S. Dollar data was reported at 966.080 USD bn in Dec 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1,000.160 USD bn for Sep 2024. China Foreign Debt: U.S. Dollar data is updated quarterly, averaging 856.892 USD bn from Dec 2009 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,290.516 USD bn in Mar 2022 and a record low of 180.883 USD bn in Dec 2009. China Foreign Debt: U.S. Dollar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Administration of Foreign Exchange. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table CN.FA: Foreign Debt: Quarterly.

The United States recorded a trade deficit of 71.52 USD Billion in May of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Balance of Trade - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Holdings of US Treasury Securities data was reported at 784.300 USD bn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 760.802 USD bn for Jan 2025. Holdings of US Treasury Securities data is updated monthly, averaging 937.400 USD bn from Mar 2000 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 300 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,316.700 USD bn in Nov 2013 and a record low of 58.900 USD bn in Nov 2000. Holdings of US Treasury Securities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Department of the Treasury. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table CN.FF: Holdings of US Treasury Securities.

Table of Contents: AidData's Chinese Financing for Transition Minerals Dataset (CFTM), Version 1.0

Dataset & Documentation

Released January 29, 2025

Dataset Description

CFTM 1.0 captures China’s official sector grant and loan commitments between 2000 and 2021 for projects supporting upstream mining or midstream processing activities related to five focus transition minerals: Copper, cobalt, nickel, lithium, and rare earth elements. The dataset is the result of systematically searching for Chinese official sector financial commitments in 165 LICs and MICs (based off of AidData's Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset 3.0) and uncovers grant and loan records in 19 developing countries related to the focus transition minerals. It also provides details on the timing of project implementation over a 25-year period (2000-2024). The dataset features 4 different views to better enable analysis of the data. Each data view is described below.

Financial Contribution Level Data View

This data view is organized by financial contribution. Each row is assigned a unique AidData Record ID and captures one financial contribution from a single Chinese state-owned creditor or donor. Each creditor’s contribution to a loan commitment is captured in a separate row, even if it was part of a larger syndicated loan commitment (“loan event”). This data view is consistent with the way in which the 3.0 version of AidData's Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset (GCDF 3.0) is organized, although it includes several new variables and fields.

Loan Event Level Data View

This data view is organized by “loan event.” Each row is assigned a unique Loan Event ID and captures all creditors that participated in a single loan agreement—including Chinese state-owned creditors, Chinese private sector creditors, and non-Chinese creditors—and the overall size of their (syndicated) loan commitment. To ensure comprehensive coverage across the entire CFTM 1.0 dataset, the “loan event level” data view includes one grant record and two debt rescheduling records in addition to all the loan records. The loan event IDs for the grant and debt rescheduling records include a “G” or “DR” at the end of the ID, respectively. The “Flow Type” field assigns records to “Loan,” “Grant,” and “Debt Rescheduling” categories to enable users to filter the data according to their analytic needs.

Organization Role Data View

This data view provides a catalog of all organizations—including financiers, co-financiers, recipients, and implementers—involved in transition mineral projects supported by Chinese official financial commitments. It is particularly useful for applications that involve social network analysis of the CFTM 1.0 dataset. Each row records the identity of the involved organization, the corresponding loan event (where applicable), and the nature of the role that the organization played in the loan event or the project/activity supported by the loan event (where applicable). If an organization played more than one role in a given loan event, then there are multiple rows with one organizational role per row. In cases where the organization provided a financial commitment, the value of the transaction is recorded. This data includes Chinese official sector financiers and the Chinese private sector or non-Chinese creditors involved in syndicated lending arrangements alongside the Chinese official sector financiers.

Organization Ownership Data View

This data view identifies the fractional ownership (equity) stakes that organizations hold in transition mineral operations supported by official sector financial commitments from China. Each row captures a shareholder of the project company operating at each mining or processing site and their corresponding ownership (equity) stake in percentage terms, with a minimum threshold of a 1% ownership stake applied. Whenever the recorded financial flow is not allocable to a specific mining or processing site, then this data view represents the ownership of the mining/processing company that received the financial commitment or the mining/processing company in which an ownership stake was acquired. In cases where Chinese official finance was extended to a project company operating a specific mining or processing site, this data view represents the equity owners of the main borrowing entity.

License

This tab contains information about the open data license used for this dataset release.

Citation:

AidData's Chinese Financing for Transition Minerals, Version 1.0: Walsh, K., Zhang, S., Malik, A. A., Escobar, B., and Zimmerman, J. 2025. Tracking China’s Transition Mineral Financing: Methodology and Approach, Version 1.0. Williamsburg, VA: AidData at William & Mary.

Acknowledgements:

We gratefully acknowledge financial support from th...

Explore Green Bond Issuances by Country, Sovereign Green Bond Issuances, Cumulative Green Bond Issuances, and more on this dataset webpage.

Green Bond Issuances by Country, Sovereign Green Bond Issuances, Cumulative Green Bond Issuances, Cumulative Green Bond Issuances by Type of Currency, Environment, Climate Change, Financial and Physical and Transition Risk Indicators, Green Bonds, Green Bond Issuances (All Countries), US Dollars, Green Bond Issuances by Type of Issuers, Green Bonds Issuances, Green Bonds, Environment, Climate Change, Financial and Physical and Transition Risk Indicators, Green Bonds, Green Bonds Issuances, All, International Organization, State owned entities, Banks, Nonfinancial corporations, Local and state Government, Other financial corporations, Sovereign, Access to Essential Services, Acquisition, Affordable Basic Infrastructure, Capital expenditure/Financing expenses, Carbon reduction through reforestation and avoided deforestation, E-education programs - Education Projects, Economic Development, Funding new technologies to reduce GHS emissions, General Purpose/Acquisition, Pollution Control, Production/Supply of Cannabis, Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources, Wind projects, Capital expenditure, Electric & Public Power, General Purpose/Working Capital, Green Construction/Buildings, Merger or Acquisition, Other, Project Finance, Refinance/Financing expenses, Repay Bank Loan or Bridge Financing, China Municipal Development, Employee stock ownership plan, Environmentally Sustainable Products, Equipment Upgrade/Construction, General Purpose, Industrial Development, Infrastructure, Land Preservation, Other Education, Other Public Service, Repay Intercompany Debt, Solar projects, Sustainable Management of Land Use, Sustainable Water or Wastewater management, The Belt and Road Initiative, Acquiring and distribution of vaccine, Alternative Energy, Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation, Clean Transport, Climate Change Adaptation, Environmental Protection Projects, Other Housing, Other Transportation, Pollution Prevention & Control, Redeem Existing Bonds or Securities, Water & Sewer, Working capital, Circular Economy Adapted/Eco-efficient Products, Production Technologies/Processes, Eligible Green Projects, Energy Efficiency, Financing of Subordinated Loan, Gas, General Purpose/Refinance, Property Expendit (acquisit/development), Renewable Energy Projects, Waste Management, Green bond, Sustainable finance



Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Fiji, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Namibia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Vietnam

Follow data.kapsarc.org for timely data to advance energy economics research..Important notesexcluding international organizations type of currency and type of issuers (nonfinancial corporations, other financial corporations, banks, state owned entities, sovereign, state and local governments and international organizations).

Macau MO: BOP: Financial Account: Portfolio Equity: Net Inflows data was reported at -0.374 USD mn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 55.441 USD mn for 2015. Macau MO: BOP: Financial Account: Portfolio Equity: Net Inflows data is updated yearly, averaging -0.095 USD mn from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2017, with 9 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 61.238 USD mn in 2013 and a record low of -0.931 USD mn in 2009. Macau MO: BOP: Financial Account: Portfolio Equity: Net Inflows data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Macau SAR – Table MO.World Bank.WDI: Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account. Portfolio equity includes net inflows from equity securities other than those recorded as direct investment and including shares, stocks, depository receipts (American or global), and direct purchases of shares in local stock markets by foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, and World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum; Note: Data starting from 2005 are based on the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6).

Hong Kong HK: BOP: Financial Account: Portfolio Equity: Net Inflows data was reported at 11.392 USD bn in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.501 USD bn for 2016. Hong Kong HK: BOP: Financial Account: Portfolio Equity: Net Inflows data is updated yearly, averaging 9.709 USD bn from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2017, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 60.475 USD bn in 1999 and a record low of -42.525 USD bn in 2015. Hong Kong HK: BOP: Financial Account: Portfolio Equity: Net Inflows data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Hong Kong SAR – Table HK.World Bank.WDI: Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account. Portfolio equity includes net inflows from equity securities other than those recorded as direct investment and including shares, stocks, depository receipts (American or global), and direct purchases of shares in local stock markets by foreign investors. Data are in current U.S. dollars.; ; International Monetary Fund, Balance of Payments database, and World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Sum; Note: Data starting from 2005 are based on the sixth edition of the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (BPM6).