Government spending in the United States was last recorded at 39.7 percent of GDP in 2024 . This dataset provides - United States Government Spending To Gdp- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Spending in the United States decreased to 3993 USD Billion in the second quarter of 2025 from 3993.90 USD Billion in the first quarter of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Government Spending - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Context

USASpending.gov is the government's official tool for tracking spending, it shows where money goes and who benefits from federal funds.

The Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006 required that federal contract, grant, loan awards over $25k be searchable online to give the American public access to government spending. The data that is collected in USAspending.gov is derived from data gathered at more than a hundred agencies, as well as other government systems. Federal agencies submit contracts, grants, loans and other awards information to be uploaded on USAspending.gov at least twice a month.

Content

The United States spends a lot of money on contracts every year but where does it all go? This data set has information about how much different agencies have spent on awards for the fiscal year 2021. More data can be downloaded, for other years, on USAspending.gov.

Contracts are published to the GSA's Federal Procurement Data System within five days of being awarded, with contract reporting automatically getting posted on USAspending.gov by 9 AM the next day and going live at 8:00 am EST two mornings later

Learn more about the contents here: https://www.usaspending.gov/data-dictionary

The Bureau of the Fiscal Service, United States Department of the Treasury, is dedicated to making government spending data available to everyone.

Data Description

This data starts off separated into smaller files that need to be joined.

Data Overview

The federal government buys a lot of things, like office furniture and aircraft. It also buys services, like telephone and Internet access. The Federal Government and its sub-agencies use contracts to buy these things. They use Product and Service Codes (PSC) to classify the items and services they purchase.

An obligation is a promise to spend money. An outlay is when the government spends money. When the government enters into a contract or grant, it promises to spend all of the money. This is so it can pay people who do what they agreed to do. When the government actually pays someone, then it counts as an outlay.

Data Items that Help get Started

There are many different variables in this database, which are spread across multiple files. The most important ones to start learning are:

1. The contractor who won the award - recipient_name
2. The agency issuing the award - awarding_agency_name
3. The product or service code (PSC) - product_or_service_code
4. The industry classification code (NAICS) of the vendor - naics_code
5. How much was obligated - total_dollars_obligated or total_obligated_amount
6. The contract modification number - modification_number
7. The description of the award - award_description
8. The date of award - action_date or award_base_action_date

Data Dictionary and Analyst Guide

To learn more about the data, you can reference the data dictionary. The data dictionary includes information on outlays, which are not included in the data provided here. https://www.usaspending.gov/data-dictionary

Please see the analysts guide for more information: https://datalab.usaspending.gov/analyst-guide/

License

The U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Fiscal Service is committed to providing open data to enable effective tracking of federal spending. The data is available to copy, adapt, redistribute, or otherwise use for non-commercial or for commercial purposes, subject to the Limitation on Permissible Use of Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. Data noted on the homepage. https://www.usaspending.gov/db_info

Acknowledgements

USAspending.gov collects data from all over the government to provide information to the public. Special thanks for the Data Transparency Team within the Office of the Chief Data Officer at the Bureau of Fiscal Services.

Inspiration

Can we find any patterns to help the public? How about predicting future spending needs or opportunities? Test out your ideas here!

Graph and download economic data for Federal Government: Current Expenditures (FGEXPND) from Q1 1947 to Q2 2025 about expenditures, federal, government, GDP, and USA.

The United States recorded a government budget deficit of 284350 USD Million in October of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Government Budget Value - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This summary table shows, for Budget Receipts, the total amount of activity for the current month, the current fiscal year-to-date, the comparable prior period year-to-date and the budgeted amount estimated for the current fiscal year for various types of receipts (i.e. individual income tax, corporate income tax, etc.). The Budget Outlays section of the table shows the total amount of activity for the current month, the current fiscal year-to-date, the comparable prior period year-to-date and the budgeted amount estimated for the current fiscal year for agencies of the federal government. The table also shows the amounts for the budget/surplus deficit categorized as listed above. This table includes total and subtotal rows that should be excluded when aggregating data. Some rows represent elements of the dataset's hierarchy, but are not assigned values. The classification_id for each of these elements can be used as the parent_id for underlying data elements to calculate their implied values. Subtotal rows are available to access this same information.

From the Web site: USAspending.gov is the official source for spending data for the U.S. Government. Its mission is to show the American public what the federal government spends every year and how it spends the money. You can follow the money from the Congressional appropriations to the federal agencies and down to local communities and businesses.

This dataset contains expense agency data by unit of appropriation for the Adopted, Financial Plan and Modified conditions by object code. The numbers within can be summarized to be consistent with data from either the Supporting Schedule, Departmental Estimate or the Expense, Revenue, Contact Budget. This dataset is updated three times per year after publication of the Preliminary, Executive and Adopted Budget, usually in January, April and June respectively.

The official source of spending data for the U.S. Government. Data is sourced from the DATA Act Broker (which draws from a number of federal systems as well as data directly submitted by agencies) on a nightly basis and presented to the public for display and download. Significant effort has gone into 'unlocking' the data through intuitive displays, charts, and deep-dive analyses. The major data categories are account data, award data, and subaward data. Award data is linked to subaward data, and account data is linked to award data. In the case of award and subaward data, contextual information about location, recipients, place of performance, etc. are provided.

Countries by Military Spending

How Much Do They Spend and What Does It Mean for Their Budgets?

By Makeover Monday [source]

About this dataset

This dataset contains data on military spending by country from the SIPRI Military Expenditure Database. The data covers military spending from 2020 and includes information on spending as a percentage of GDP and government spending, as well as per capita spending

How to use the dataset

Research Ideas

• Analyzing trends in global military spending over time
• Examining the relationship between a country's military spending and its GDP
• Comparing the military spending of different countries

Acknowledgements

Data Source

License

License: Dataset copyright by authors - You are free to: - Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. - Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. - You must: - Give appropriate credit - Provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. - ShareAlike - You must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. - Keep intact - all notices that refer to this license, including copyright notices.

Columns

File: SIPRI Military Expenditure Database.csv | Column name | Description | |:-----------------------------------|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Year | The year the data was collected. (Integer) | | Country | The country the data is about. (String) | | Spending (2020 USD) | The amount spent on the military in 2020, in US dollars. (Float) | | Percent of GDP | The percent of the country's GDP that was spent on the military in 2020. (Float) | | Percent of Government Spending | The percent of the country's government spending that was spent on the military in 2020. (Float) | | Spending per Capita | The amount spent on the military per person in 2020, in US dollars. (Float) |

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit Makeover Monday.

This dataset contains information, for a select number of agencies, detailing the costs of providing services within an agency. Amounts are in dollars. This dataset is updated three times per year after publication of the Preliminary, Executive and Adopted Budget, usually in January, April and June respectively.

This dataset contains agency revenue data for Adopted, Modified and five years of Financial Plan by Revenue Class, Revenue Category and Revenue Source (Revenue Structure) or FPS Group name. The numbers within can be summarized to match pages from either the Supporting Schedule, Departmental Estimate or the Expense, Revenue, Contact Budget. This dataset is updated three times per year after publication of the Preliminary, Executive and Adopted Budget, usually in January, April and June respectively.

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F12064410%2F5d593c922def359a7cfc25b87eff667e%2Fus%20debt%20flag.png?generation=1676702443974125&alt=media" alt="">

DAY ~11,000 (April 1st, 1993 to Present-Day)

This is a dataset that tracks several figures regarding US debt (to the penny) since 1993.

All data are official figures from the U.S. Treasury that have been compiled and structured by myself. Dates on the weekend (Saturday and Sunday), as well as federal holidays, are excluded from the debt tracker because the Treasury's fiscal data do not account for those days. Recent political debates in the US over the potential raising of the debt ceiling has inspired me to create this dataset. Personally, I believe that the issue will continue to dominate political discourse due to the increasing polarization between Democrats and Republicans.

Data Sources

The primary data source used was the U.S. Treasury's official website, which publishes fiscal data pertaining to the American government. Considering the meticulous documentation of federal spending by the Treasury, no other authority is more equipped to provide insight on US debt.

1. U.S. Treasury's FiscalData Website - The United States Department of the Treasury published daily updates on the national debt since April 1st, 1993. However, intragovernmental holdings and total public debt outstanding have only been accounted for at the end of each fiscal year since 1997. Daily updates for those two statistics officially began since March 31st, 2005.
2. U.S. Treasury's Finance Guide to the National Debt - The United States Department of the Treasury released a detailed overview of the national debt and how it operates in conjunction with American society. The guide mainly provided essential contextual knowledge needed to create a meaningful dataset.

Statistics Being Tracked

• Debt Held by the Public
• Intragovernmental Holdings
• Total Public Debt Outstanding

Dataset History

2023-02-17 - Dataset is created (10,914 days after temporal coverage start date).

GitHub Repository - The same data but on GitHub.

Code Starter

Link to Notebook Important: Each new record is accumulated data from previous days.

Graph and download economic data for Federal Surplus or Deficit - from 1901 to 2025 about budget, federal, and USA.

this graph was created in fred.stlouisfed, Canva, R :

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F16731800%2Fb9d37ce662d7128fc6632796a4625777%2Ffoto1.png?generation=1734902451463512&alt=media" alt=""> https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F16731800%2F23dd8676be811bcaf6632489d6b3ec95%2Ffoto2.png?generation=1734902457746318&alt=media" alt=""> https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F16731800%2Fa6ddf8689ce7800be17b3a06fa080d20%2Ffoto3.gif?generation=1734902463406098&alt=media" alt=""> https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F16731800%2F11749ceca5f11c3ed1a7c6fc4b77a806%2Ffoto4.png?generation=1734902468809760&alt=media" alt=""> https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F16731800%2F9eca0be9564614f1d11706b50f4a139b%2Ffoto5.gif?generation=1734902475608211&alt=media" alt="">

Your Guide to America's Finances is an overview of U.S. government finances where you’ll find information on money coming in (revenue), money going out (spending), the deficit, and debt. Your Guide presents a series of pages exploring each topic through educational content and interactive visualizations, providing a comprehensive overview of the trillions of dollars collected and spent by the federal government each year. Where does federal revenue come from? If you lived or worked in the United States in 2024, your tax contributions are likely part of the $4.92 trillion collected in revenue. The federal government also collects revenue from services like admission to national parks and customs duties on foreign imports and exports. The majority of this revenue is used to pay for government activities (employee salaries, infrastructure maintenance), as well as to pay for goods and services provided to United States citizens and businesses.

In FY 2024, the federal government spent $6.75 trillion. Since the government spent more than it collected, the deficit for 2024 was $1.83 trillion. Visit our Spending and Deficit pages for more information on these activities.

The ERS Food Expenditure Series annually measures total U.S. food expenditures, including purchases by consumers, governments, businesses, and nonprofit organizations. The ERS Food Expenditure Series contributes to the analysis of U.S. food production and consumption by constructing a comprehensive measure of the total value of all food expenditures by final purchasers. This series annually measures total U.S. food expenditures, including purchases by consumers, governments, businesses, and nonprofit organizations. Because the term expenditure is often associated with household decisionmaking, it is important to recognize that ERS's series also includes nonhousehold purchases. For example, the series includes the dollar value of domestic food purchases by military personnel and their dependents at military commissary stores and exchanges, the value of commodities and food dollars donated by the Federal government to schools, and the value of food purchased by airlines for serving during flights.

This dataset contains capital appropriation data by project type, budget line and source of funds. Amounts are in whole dollars. Data is created three times per year for the Preliminary Budget, Executive Budget and Adopted Budget to match appropriation numbers in the Capital Budget publication.

In most countries basic education is nowadays perceived not only as a right, but also as a duty – governments are typically expected to ensure access to basic education, while citizens are often required by law to attain education up to a certain basic level.1

This was not always the case: the advancement of these ideas began in the mid-19th century, when most of today’s industrialized countries started expanding primary education, mainly through public finances and government intervention. Data from this early period shows that government funds to finance the expansion of education came from a number of different sources, but taxes at the local level played a crucial role. The historical role of local funding for public schools is important to help us understand changes – or persistence – in regional inequalities.

The second half of the 20th century marked the beginning of education expansion as a global phenomenon. Available data shows that by 1990 government spending on education as a share of national income in many developing countries was already close to the average observed in developed countries.2

This global education expansion in the 20th century resulted in a historical reduction in education inequality across the globe: in the period 1960-2010 education inequality went down every year, for all age groups and in all world regions. Recent estimates of education inequality across age groups suggest that further reductions in schooling inequality are still to be expected within developing countries.3

Recent cross-country data from UNESCO tells us that the world is expanding government funding for education today, and these additional public funds for education are not necessarily at the expense of other government sectors. Yet behind these broad global trends, there is substantial cross-country – and cross-regional – heterogeneity. In high-income countries, for instance, households shoulder a larger share of education expenditures at higher education levels than at lower levels – but in low-income countries, this is not the case.

Following the agreement of the Millennium Development Goals, the first decade of the 21st century saw an important increase in international financial flows under the umbrella of development assistance. Recent estimates show that development assistance for education has stopped growing since 2010, with notable aggregate reductions in flows going to primary education. These changes in the prioritization of development assistance for education across levels and regions can have potentially large distributional effects, particularly within low-income countries that depend substantially on this source of funding for basic education.4

When analyzing correlates, determinants and consequences of education consumption, the macro data indicates that national expenditure on education does not explain well cross-country differences in learning outcomes. This suggests that for any given level of expenditure, the output achieved depends crucially on the mix of many inputs.

All major capital infrastructure projects with a committed budget and spend by fiscal year. Financial information and agency schedule details for each project are joined via FMS ID. Only projects in the design phase or later have project schedules displayed. This dataset is part of the Capital Projects Dashboard. Note: Each row is uniquely identified by its Financial Management Service (FMS) ID. FMS ID is the unique ID that OMB uses for the FMS (Financial Information System). This ID can be universally joined with any OMB dataset that has the same field. The Capital Projects Dashboard is the result of joining OMB’s fiscal data with the agency’s schedule data. FMS IDs and agency projects don't always have a one-to-one relationship (ie. one project schedule may correlate to multiple FMS IDs, and one FMS may correct to multiple projects with different schedules).

📑 OMB Circular A-11 Dataset

https://img.shields.io/badge/license-public%20domain-brightgreen.svg" alt="License: Public Domain"> - Maintainer: Terry Eppler
- Ownership: US Federal Government - Reference Standard: Circular A-11 - Source Availability: The data sets can also be found on Hugging Face

📋 Overview

The OMB Circular A-11 is the principal guidance issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for the preparation, submission, and execution of the federal budget. It contains policy instructions, standardized forms, and analytical guidance that agencies use to develop their budgets and report on performance. This repository provides the Circular A-11 content as a plain-text dataset for easy reference, parsing, and integration into budget analysis workflows.

This repository contains one or more plain-text files representing the sections and chapters of OMB Circular A-11:

• OMB Circular A11
  A consolidated text version of the Circular, including:
  • Part 1 – Preparation and Submission of the Budget
  • Part 2 – Program and Performance Assessment
  • Part 3 – Budget Execution and Reporting
  • Appendices – Standard Forms, Data Tables, and Additional Instructions

ℹ️ File name(s) may vary depending on how the dataset is split (e.g., by chapter or part).

⚙️ Usage Notes

• Plain-Text Format
  The Circular A-11 dataset is provided as one or more .txt files. Use any text editor or search utility (grep, IDE search, etc.) to navigate sections by keyword, chapter heading, or standardized form number.

• Part 1 (Budget Preparation & Submission)

  • Covers:
  • Executive branch budget development cycle
  • Agency submission schedules (e.g., due dates for Budget Form 1)
  • Historical tables (e.g., Revenue Tables, Outlay Tables)
  • Statutory requirements (e.g., Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act)
  • Look for headings such as “1.4 Agency Submission—Content and Format” or “1.9 Budget Tables”.

• Part 2 (Program & Performance Assessment)

  • Covers:
  • Performance budgets and goal‐setting (GPRA requirements)
  • Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART) criteria
  • Cross‐agency priority goals and agency strategic plans
  • Instructions on writing performance narratives and linking to budget line items
  • Search for “2.2 Performance Plans” or “2.5 PART Review Process”.

• Part 3 (Budget Execution & Reporting)

  • Covers:
  • Apportionment rules (e.g., 31 U.S.C. § 1513)
  • Mid‐year review procedures and supplemental requests
  • Reprogramming thresholds and reporting
  • Quarterly and annual financial reporting to OMB and Congress
  • Search for headings like “3.3 Apportionment by OMB” or “3.8 Reporting Requirements”.

• Appendices

  • Contains:
  • Standard Forms (e.g., SF 133 – Report on Budget Execution, SF 424 – Application for Federal Assistance)
  • Data Tables (e.g., Historical Outlay Tables, Federal Credit Supplement)
  • Glossary of budget terminology
  • Crosswalks between A-11 tables and Treasury accounts (e.g., FAST codes)
  • To find a specific form, search for “Appendix C: Standard Forms” or the form number (e.g., “SF 133”).

🧭 Navigation

1. 🔍 Locating a Chapter or Section

   • Open OMB_Circular_A11.txt.
   • Search for “Part 1.” to jump to Budget Preparation guidance or “Part 2.” for Performance instructions.
   • Major headings appear as “Part X – [Title]”.

2. 📊 Finding Standard Budget Tables

   • Within Part 1, look for section headings such as “1.9 Historical Tables” or “1.11 Budget Submission Tables”.
   • Table references are often labeled like “Table 1-1: Summary Table”.

3. 📈 Identifying Performance & PART Criteria

   • In Part 2, search for “Program Assessment Rating Tool” or “2.4 PART Guidance”.
   • Search for “GPRA” to locate performance goal instructions.

4. 💼 Locating Apportionment Rules

   • In Part 3, search for “Apportionment” or “3.3 Apportionment by OMB” to find apportionment schedules and OMB obligations.

5. 📑 Accessing the Appendices

   • Scroll down to the “Appendix” headings near the end.
   • Search for “Appendix C” to find standard forms or “Appendix D” for historical data tables.

🚀 Recommended Workflows

• 💼 Budget Analysts & Agency Staff
  1. Use Part 1 to determine submission deadlines, required tables, and historical data formats.
  2. Follow Part 2 guidelines to structure performance plans and align them with strategic goals.
  3. Consult Part 3 for apportio...