Dataset

This dataset was created by Ifeanyichukwu Nwobodo

Contents

Associated with manuscript titled: Fifty Muslim-majority countries have fewer COVID-19 cases and deaths than the 50 richest non-Muslim countriesThe objective of this research was to determine the difference in the total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths between Muslim-majority and non-Muslim countries, and investigate reasons for the disparities. Methods: The 50 Muslim-majority countries had more than 50.0% Muslims with an average of 87.5%. The non-Muslim country sample consisted of 50 countries with the highest GDP while omitting any Muslim-majority countries listed. The non-Muslim countries’ average percentage of Muslims was 4.7%. Data pulled on September 18, 2020 included the percentage of Muslim population per country by World Population Review15 and GDP per country, population count, and total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths by Worldometers.16 The data set was transferred via an Excel spreadsheet on September 23, 2020 and analyzed. To measure COVID-19’s incidence in the countries, three different Average Treatment Methods (ATE) were used to validate the results. Results published as a preprint at https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/84zq5(15) Muslim Majority Countries 2020 [Internet]. Walnut (CA): World Population Review. 2020- [Cited 2020 Sept 28]. Available from: http://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/muslim-majority-countries (16) Worldometers.info. Worldometer. Dover (DE): Worldometer; 2020 [cited 2020 Sept 28]. Available from: http://worldometers.info

Comprehensive dataset of Muslim population by country 2026, including total Muslim population figures, percentage of country population, share of world Muslim population, regional breakdown, and growth projections to 2050. Sources: Pew Research Center, CIA World Factbook, World Population Review.

Pew Research Center’s “World’s Muslims” dataset is based on a survey conducted between October 2011 and November 2012. The study explores the religious beliefs, practices, social attitudes, and political views of Muslims across multiple countries, providing insights into diversity within the global Muslim population.

Context

The world's population has undergone remarkable growth, exceeding 7.5 billion by mid-2019 and continuing to surge beyond previous estimates. Notably, China and India stand as the two most populous countries, with China's population potentially facing a decline while India's trajectory hints at surpassing it by 2030. This significant demographic shift is just one facet of a global landscape where countries like the United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Nigeria, and others, each with populations surpassing 100 million, play pivotal roles.

The steady decrease in growth rates, though, is reshaping projections. While the world's population is expected to exceed 8 billion by 2030, growth will notably decelerate compared to previous decades. Specific countries like India, Nigeria, and several African nations will notably contribute to this growth, potentially doubling their populations before rates plateau.

Content

This dataset provides comprehensive historical population data for countries and territories globally, offering insights into various parameters such as area size, continent, population growth rates, rankings, and world population percentages. Spanning from 1970 to 2023, it includes population figures for different years, enabling a detailed examination of demographic trends and changes over time.

Dataset

Structured with meticulous detail, this dataset offers a wide array of information in a format conducive to analysis and exploration. Featuring parameters like population by year, country rankings, geographical details, and growth rates, it serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and analysts. Additionally, the inclusion of growth rates and world population percentages provides a nuanced understanding of how countries contribute to global demographic shifts.

This dataset is invaluable for those interested in understanding historical population trends, predicting future demographic patterns, and conducting in-depth analyses to inform policies across various sectors such as economics, urban planning, public health, and more.

Structure

This dataset (world_population_data.csv) covering from 1970 up to 2023 includes the following columns:

Acknowledgment

The primary dataset was retrieved from the World Population Review. I sincerely thank the team for providing the core data used in this dataset.

© Image credit: Freepik

This dataset describes the world’s religious makeup in 2020 and 2010. We focus on seven categories: Christians, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, Jews, people who belong to other religions, and those who are religiously unaffiliated. This analysis is based on more than 2,700 sources of data, including national censuses, large-scale demographic surveys, general population surveys and population registers. For more information about this data, see the associated Pew Research Center report "How the Global Religious Landscape Changed From 2010 to 2020."

Updated on Feb. 12, 2026: We updated this dataset to include a Religious Diversity Index score, religious diversity level and religious diversity rank for each country and territory studied. These religious diversity statistics are calculated using the distribution of the seven religious categories mentioned above.

This dataset was derived from Swivel.com at: http://www.swivel.com/data_sets/show/1011482 Which cites the CIA Fact book as the official Source. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ Data is available for 60 countries around the world, and lists the Muslim Population for each. This data was collected on January 15, 2008.

IndQNER

IndQNER is a Named Entity Recognition (NER) benchmark dataset that was created by manually annotating 8 chapters in the Indonesian translation of the Quran. The annotation was performed using a web-based text annotation tool, Tagtog, and the BIO (Beginning-Inside-Outside) tagging format. The dataset contains:

• 3117 sentences
• 62027 tokens
• 2475 named entities
• 18 named entity categories

Named Entity Classes

The named entity classes were initially defined by analyzing the existing Quran concepts ontology. The initial classes were updated based on the information acquired during the annotation process. Finally, there are 20 classes, as follows:

1. Allah
2. Allah's Throne
3. Artifact
4. Astronomical body
5. Event
6. False deity
7. Holy book
8. Language
9. Angel
10. Person
11. Messenger
12. Prophet
13. Sentient
14. Afterlife location
15. Geographical location
16. Color
17. Religion
18. Food
19. Fruit
20. The book of Allah

Annotation Stage

There were eight annotators who contributed to the annotation process. They were informatics engineering students at the State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

1. Anggita Maharani Gumay Putri
2. Muhammad Destamal Junas
3. Naufaldi Hafidhigbal
4. Nur Kholis Azzam Ubaidillah
5. Puspitasari
6. Septiany Nur Anggita
7. Wilda Nurjannah
8. William Santoso

Verification Stage

We found many named entity and class candidates during the annotation stage. To verify the candidates, we consulted Quran and Tafseer (content) experts who are lecturers at Quran and Tafseer Department at the State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

1. Dr. Eva Nugraha, M.Ag.
2. Dr. Jauhar Azizy, MA
3. Dr. Lilik Ummi Kultsum, MA

Evaluation

We evaluated the annotation quality of IndQNER by performing experiments in two settings: supervised learning (BiLSTM+CRF) and transfer learning (IndoBERT fine-tuning).

Supervised Learning Setting

The implementation of BiLSTM and CRF utilized IndoBERT to provide word embeddings. All experiments used a batch size of 16. These are the results:

Transfer Learning Setting

We performed several experiments with different parameters in IndoBERT fine-tuning. All experiments used a learning rate of 2e-5 and a batch size of 16. These are the results:

This dataset is also part of the NusaCrowd project which aims to collect Natural Language Processing (NLP) datasets for Indonesian and its local languages.

How to Cite

@InProceedings{10.1007/978-3-031-35320-8_12,
author="Gusmita, Ria Hari
and Firmansyah, Asep Fajar
and Moussallem, Diego
and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille",
editor="M{\'e}tais, Elisabeth
and Meziane, Farid
and Sugumaran, Vijayan
and Manning, Warren
and Reiff-Marganiec, Stephan",
title="IndQNER: Named Entity Recognition Benchmark Dataset from the Indonesian Translation of the Quran",
booktitle="Natural Language Processing and Information Systems",
year="2023",
publisher="Springer Nature Switzerland",
address="Cham",
pages="170--185",
abstract="Indonesian is classified as underrepresented in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field, despite being the tenth most spoken language in the world with 198 million speakers. The paucity of datasets is recognized as the main reason for the slow advancements in NLP research for underrepresented languages. Significant attempts were made in 2020 to address this drawback for Indonesian. The Indonesian Natural Language Understanding (IndoNLU) benchmark was introduced alongside IndoBERT pre-trained language model. The second benchmark, Indonesian Language Evaluation Montage (IndoLEM), was presented in the same year. These benchmarks support several tasks, including Named Entity Recognition (NER). However, all NER datasets are in the public domain and do not contain domain-specific datasets. To alleviate this drawback, we introduce IndQNER, a manually annotated NER benchmark dataset in the religious domain that adheres to a meticulously designed annotation guideline. Since Indonesia has the world's largest Muslim population, we build the dataset from the Indonesian translation of the Quran. The dataset includes 2475 named entities representing 18 different classes. To assess the annotation quality of IndQNER, we perform experiments with BiLSTM and CRF-based NER, as well as IndoBERT fine-tuning. The results reveal that the first model outperforms the second model achieving 0.98 F1 points. This outcome indicates that IndQNER may be an acceptable evaluation metric for Indonesian NER tasks in the aforementioned domain, widening the research's domain range.",
isbn="978-3-031-35320-8"
}

Contact

If you have any questions or feedback, feel free to contact us at ria.hari.gusmita@uni-paderborn.de or ria.gusmita@uinjkt.ac.id

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand data was reported at 1,406,825.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,012,141.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand data is updated decadal, averaging 1,209,483.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,406,825.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 1,012,141.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Uttarakhand data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Descriptive statistics of women of Victoria who were in the hospital admitted at least once during the period 2000–2013 by their country of birth (women who were born in Australia, Muslim and Non–Muslim countries) (Source: Victorian Admitted Episodes Database).

This Religion and State-Minorities (RASM) dataset is supplemental to the Religion and State Round 2 (RAS2) dataset. It codes the RAS religious discrimination variable using the minority as the unit of analysis (RAS2 uses a country as the unit of analysis and, is a general measure of all discrimination in the country). RASM codes religious discrimination by governments against all 566 minorities in 175 countries which make a minimum population cut off. Any religious minority which is at least 0.25 percent of the population or has a population of at least 500,000 (in countries with populations of 200 million or more) are included. The dataset also includes all Christian minorities in Muslim countries and all Muslim minorities in Christian countries for a total of 597 minorities. The data cover 1990 to 2008 with yearly codings.

These religious discrimination variables are designed to examine restrictions the government places on the practice of religion by minority religious groups. It is important to clarify two points. First, these variables focus on restrictions on minority religions. Restrictions that apply to all religions are not coded in this set of variables. This is because the act of restricting or regulating the religious practices of minorities is qualitatively different from restricting or regulating all religions. Second, this set of variables focuses only on restrictions of the practice of religion itself or on religious institutions and does not include other types of restrictions on religious minorities. The reasoning behind this is that there is much more likely to be a religious motivation for restrictions on the practice of religion than there is for political, economic, or cultural restrictions on a religious minority. These secular types of restrictions, while potentially motivated by religion, also can be due to other reasons. That political, economic, and cultural restrictions are often placed on ethnic minorities who share the same religion and the majority group in their state is proof of this.

This set of variables is essentially a list of specific types of religious restrictions which a government may place on some or all minority religions. These variables are identical to those included in the RAS2 dataset, save that one is not included because it focuses on foreign missionaries and this set of variables focuses on minorities living in the country. Each of the items in this category is coded on the following scale:

0. The activity is not restricted or the government does not engage in this practice.
1. The activity is restricted slightly or sporadically or the government engages in a mild form of this practice or a severe form sporadically.
2. The activity is significantly restricted or the government engages in this activity often and on a large scale.

A composite version combining the variables to create a measure of religious discrimination against minority religions which ranges from 0 to 48 also is included.

ARDA Note: This file was revised on October 6, 2017. At the PIs request, we removed the variable reporting on the minority's percentage of a country's population after finding inconsistencies with the reported values. For detailed data on religious demographics, see the "/data-archive?fid=RCSREG2" Target="_blank">Religious Characteristics of States Dataset Project.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Bihar data was reported at 17,557,809.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 13,722,048.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Bihar data is updated decadal, averaging 15,639,928.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17,557,809.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 13,722,048.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Bihar data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Tamil Nadu: Male data was reported at 2,099,182.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,718,511.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Tamil Nadu: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 1,908,846.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,099,182.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 1,718,511.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Tamil Nadu: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Delhi: Male data was reported at 1,163,934.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 911,006.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Delhi: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 1,037,470.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,163,934.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 911,006.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Delhi: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Dadra and Nagar Haveli data was reported at 12,922.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,524.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Dadra and Nagar Haveli data is updated decadal, averaging 9,723.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12,922.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 6,524.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Dadra and Nagar Haveli data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Goa data was reported at 121,564.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 92,210.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Goa data is updated decadal, averaging 106,887.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 121,564.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 92,210.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Goa data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Goa: Male data was reported at 63,814.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 49,391.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Goa: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 56,602.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 63,814.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 49,391.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Goa: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Andhra Pradesh data was reported at 8,082,412.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 6,986,856.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Andhra Pradesh data is updated decadal, averaging 7,534,634.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,082,412.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 6,986,856.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Andhra Pradesh data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Meghalaya: Male data was reported at 67,827.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 52,455.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Meghalaya: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 60,141.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 67,827.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 52,455.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Meghalaya: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Singapore Population: Religion: Female: Islam data was reported at 233.800 Person th in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 231.478 Person th for 2010. Singapore Population: Religion: Female: Islam data is updated yearly, averaging 231.478 Person th from Jun 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 233.800 Person th in 2015 and a record low of 185.804 Person th in 2000. Singapore Population: Religion: Female: Islam data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Singapore – Table SG.G002: Population by Religion .