The region of present-day China has historically been the most populous region in the world; however, its population development has fluctuated throughout history. In 2022, China was overtaken as the most populous country in the world, and current projections suggest its population is heading for a rapid decline in the coming decades. Transitions of power lead to mortality The source suggests that conflict, and the diseases brought with it, were the major obstacles to population growth throughout most of the Common Era, particularly during transitions of power between various dynasties and rulers. It estimates that the total population fell by approximately 30 million people during the 14th century due to the impact of Mongol invasions, which inflicted heavy losses on the northern population through conflict, enslavement, food instability, and the introduction of bubonic plague. Between 1850 and 1870, the total population fell once more, by more than 50 million people, through further conflict, famine and disease; the most notable of these was the Taiping Rebellion, although the Miao an Panthay Rebellions, and the Dungan Revolt, also had large death tolls. The third plague pandemic also originated in Yunnan in 1855, which killed approximately two million people in China. 20th and 21st centuries There were additional conflicts at the turn of the 20th century, which had significant geopolitical consequences for China, but did not result in the same high levels of mortality seen previously. It was not until the overlapping Chinese Civil War (1927-1949) and Second World War (1937-1945) where the death tolls reached approximately 10 and 20 million respectively. Additionally, as China attempted to industrialize during the Great Leap Forward (1958-1962), economic and agricultural mismanagement resulted in the deaths of tens of millions (possibly as many as 55 million) in less than four years, during the Great Chinese Famine. This mortality is not observable on the given dataset, due to the rapidity of China's demographic transition over the entire period; this saw improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and infrastructure result in sweeping changes across the population. The early 2020s marked some significant milestones in China's demographics, where it was overtaken by India as the world's most populous country, and its population also went into decline. Current projections suggest that China is heading for a "demographic disaster", as its rapidly aging population is placing significant burdens on China's economy, government, and society. In stark contrast to the restrictive "one-child policy" of the past, the government has introduced a series of pro-fertility incentives for couples to have larger families, although the impact of these policies are yet to materialize. If these current projections come true, then China's population may be around half its current size by the end of the century.

The total population in China was estimated at 1409.7 million people in 2023, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides - China Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Time series data for the statistic Population and country Hong Kong SAR, China. Indicator Definition:Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.The statistic "Population" stands at 7,524,100.00 persons as of 12/31/2024. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes a decrease of -0.1592 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is -0.1592.The 3 year change in percent is 1.50.The 5 year change in percent is 0.2158.The 10 year change in percent is 4.07.The Serie's long term average value is 5,733,283.69 persons. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is 31.24 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/1960, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is +143.12%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2023, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is -0.159%.

Time series data for the statistic Population ages 25-29, male and country Hong Kong SAR, China. Indicator Definition:Male population between the ages 25 to 29.The indicator "Population ages 25-29, male" stands at 193.89 Thousand as of 12/31/2024, the lowest value since 12/31/1976. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes a decrease of -6.03 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is -6.03.The 3 year change in percent is -11.25.The 5 year change in percent is -15.19.The 10 year change in percent is -14.04.The Serie's long term average value is 221.27 Thousand. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is 12.38 percent lower, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/1968, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is +144.62%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/1987, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is -39.51%.

Time series data for the statistic Population and country Macao SAR, China. Indicator Definition:Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.The statistic "Population" stands at 687,000.00 persons as of 12/31/2024, the highest value at least since 12/31/1961, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 1.21 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 1.21.The 3 year change in percent is 0.6593.The 5 year change in percent is 2.23.The 10 year change in percent is 10.50.The Serie's long term average value is 395,702.60 persons. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is 73.62 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/1960, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is +296.39%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2024, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is 0.0%.

Time series data for the statistic Population, ages 7-10, male and country Macao SAR, China. Indicator Definition:Population, ages 7-10, male is the total number of males age 7-10.The indicator "Population, ages 7-10, male" stands at 7.40 Thousand as of 12/31/2015, the highest value since 12/31/2012. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 1.02 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 1.02.The 3 year change in percent is 0.7487.The 5 year change in percent is -5.41.The 10 year change in percent is -33.99.The Serie's long term average value is 12.07 Thousand. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is 38.67 percent lower, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2013, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is +1.43%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/1996, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is -55.28%.

Time series data for the statistic Population ages 55-59, male and country Macao SAR, China. Indicator Definition:Male population between the ages 55 to 59.The indicator "Population ages 55-59, male" stands at 17.21 Thousand as of 12/31/2024, the lowest value since 12/31/2011. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes a decrease of -4.07 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is -4.07.The 3 year change in percent is -17.59.The 5 year change in percent is -23.76.The 10 year change in percent is -27.18.The Serie's long term average value is 9.04 Thousand. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is 90.40 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/1975, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is +539.65%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2015, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2024, is -28.48%.

Time series data for the statistic Population, ages 10-17, total and country Macao SAR, China. Indicator Definition:Population, ages 10-17, total is the total population age 10-17.The indicator "Population, ages 10-17, total" stands at 31.93 Thousand as of 12/31/2015, the lowest value at least since 12/31/1991, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes a decrease of -5.20 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is -5.20.The 3 year change in percent is -17.02.The 5 year change in percent is -28.22.The 10 year change in percent is -46.76.The Serie's long term average value is 49.68 Thousand. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is 35.73 percent lower, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2015, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is +0.0%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2002, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is -50.17%.

Time series data for the statistic Population, age 4, male and country Hong Kong SAR, China. Indicator Definition:Population, age 4, male refers to the male population at the specified age.The indicator "Population, age 4, male" stands at 31.39 Thousand as of 12/31/2015, the highest value since 12/31/2007. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 0.4351 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 0.4351.The 3 year change in percent is 2.08.The 5 year change in percent is 2.80.The 10 year change in percent is -4.18.The Serie's long term average value is 35.21 Thousand. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is 10.83 percent lower, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2010, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is +2.80%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/1990, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2015, is -26.14%.

BackgroundClimate change is likely to further worsen ozone pollution in already heavily polluted areas, leading to increased ozone-related health burdens. However, little evidence exists in China, the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitter and most populated country. As China is embracing an aging population with changing population size and falling age-standardized mortality rates, the potential impact of population change on ozone-related health burdens is unclear. Moreover, little is known about the seasonal variation of ozone-related health burdens under climate change. We aimed to assess near-term (mid-21st century) future annual and seasonal excess mortality from short-term exposure to ambient ozone in 104 Chinese cities under 2 climate and emission change scenarios and 6 population change scenarios.Methods and findingsWe collected historical ambient ozone observations, population change projections, and baseline mortality rates in 104 cities across China during April 27, 2013, to October 31, 2015 (2013–2015), which included approximately 13% of the total population of mainland China. Using historical ozone monitoring data, we performed bias correction and spatially downscaled future ozone projections at a coarse spatial resolution (2.0° × 2.5°) for the period April 27, 2053, to October 31, 2055 (2053–2055), from a global chemistry–climate model to a fine spatial resolution (0.25° × 0.25°) under 2 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs): RCP4.5, a moderate global warming and emission scenario where global warming is between 1.5°C and 2.0°C, and RCP8.5, a high global warming and emission scenario where global warming exceeds 2.0°C. We then estimated the future annual and seasonal ozone-related acute excess mortality attributable to both climate and population changes using cause-specific, age-group-specific, and season-specific concentration–response functions (CRFs). We used Monte Carlo simulations to obtain empirical confidence intervals (eCIs), quantifying the uncertainty in CRFs and the variability across ensemble members (i.e., 3 predictions of future climate and air quality from slightly different starting conditions) of the global model. Estimates of future changes in annual ozone-related mortality are sensitive to the choice of global warming and emission scenario, decreasing under RCP4.5 (−24.0%) due to declining ozone precursor emissions but increasing under RCP8.5 (10.7%) due to warming climate in 2053–2055 relative to 2013–2015. Higher ambient ozone occurs under the high global warming and emission scenario (RCP8.5), leading to an excess 1,476 (95% eCI: 898 to 2,977) non-accidental deaths per year in 2053–2055 relative to 2013–2015. Future ozone-related acute excess mortality from cardiovascular diseases was 5–8 times greater than that from respiratory diseases. Ozone concentrations increase by 15.1 parts per billion (10−9) in colder months (November to April), contributing to a net yearly increase of 22.3% (95% eCI: 7.7% to 35.4%) in ozone-related mortality under RCP8.5. An aging population, with the proportion of the population aged 65 years and above increased from 8% in 2010 to 24%–33% in 2050, will substantially amplify future ozone-related mortality, leading to a net increase of 23,838 to 78,560 deaths (110% to 363%). Our analysis was mainly limited by using a single global chemistry–climate model and the statistical downscaling approach to project ozone changes under climate change.ConclusionsOur analysis shows increased future ozone-related acute excess mortality under the high global warming and emission scenario RCP8.5 for an aging population in China. Comparison with the lower global warming and emission scenario RCP4.5 suggests that climate change mitigation measures are needed to prevent a rising health burden from exposure to ambient ozone pollution in China.

Time series data for the statistic School age population, early childhood education, male (number) and country Macao SAR, China. Indicator Definition:The indicator "School age population, early childhood education, male (number)" stands at 10.57 Thousand as of 12/31/2019, the highest value at least since 12/31/1999, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 4.48 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 4.48.The 3 year change in percent is 17.13.The 5 year change in percent is 33.41.The 10 year change in percent is 90.86.The Serie's long term average value is 7.70 Thousand. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2019, is 37.27 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2009, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2019, is +90.86%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2019, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2019, is 0.0%.

Time series data for the statistic Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural (% of rural population) and country China. Indicator Definition:Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural is the proportion of rural population primarily using clean cooking fuels and technologies for cooking. Under WHO guidelines, kerosene is excluded from clean cooking fuels.The indicator "Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural (% of rural population)" stands at 75.80 as of 12/31/2022, the highest value at least since 12/31/2001, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 4.70 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 4.70.The 3 year change in percent is 15.20.The 5 year change in percent is 29.57.The 10 year change in percent is 92.88.The Serie's long term average value is 41.45. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2022, is 82.88 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2001, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2022, is +244.55%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2022, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2022, is 0.0%.

CN: Population: Birth Rate: Anhui data was reported at 0.617 % in 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.645 % for 2023. CN: Population: Birth Rate: Anhui data is updated yearly, averaging 1.288 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2024, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.447 % in 1990 and a record low of 0.617 % in 2024. CN: Population: Birth Rate: Anhui data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Socio-Demographic – Table CN.GA: Population: Birth Rate: By Region.