Datasets archived here consist of all data analyzed in Duan et al. 2015 from Journal of Applied Ecology. Specifically, these data were collected from annual sampling of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) immature stages and associated parasitoids on infested ash trees (Fraxinus) in Southern Michigan, where three introduced biological control agents had been released between 2007 - 2010. Detailed data collection procedures can be found in Duan et al. 2012, 2013, and 2015. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Duan J Data on EAB larval density-bird predation and unknown factor from Journal of Applied Ecology. File Name: Duan J Data on EAB larval density-bird predation and unknown factor from Journal of Applied Ecology.xlsxResource Description: This data set is used to calculate mean EAB density (per m2 of ash phloem area), bird predation rate and mortality rate caused by unknown factors and analyzed with JMP (10.2) scripts for mixed effect linear models in Duan et al. 2015 (Journal of Applied Ecology).Resource Title: DUAN J Data on Parasitism L1-L2 Excluded from Journal of Applied Ecology. File Name: DUAN J Data on Parasitism L1-L2 Excluded from Journal of Applied Ecology.xlsxResource Description: This data set is used to construct life tables and calculation of net population growth rate of emerald ash borer for each site. The net population growth rates were then analyzed with JMP (10.2) scripts for mixed effect linear models in Duan et al. 2015 (Journal of Applied Ecology).Resource Title: DUAN J Data on EAB Life Tables Calculation from Journal of Applied Ecology. File Name: DUAN J Data on EAB Life Tables Calculation from Journal of Applied Ecology.xlsxResource Description: This data set is used to calculate parasitism rate of EAB larvae for each tree and then analyzed with JMP (10.2) scripts for mixed effect linear models on in Duan et al. 2015 (Journal of Applied Ecology).Resource Title: READ ME for Emerald Ash Borer Biocontrol Study from Journal of Applied Ecology. File Name: READ_ME_for_Emerald_Ash_Borer_Biocontrol_Study_from_Journal_of_Applied_Ecology.docxResource Description: Additional information and definitions for the variables/content in the three Emerald Ash Borer Biocontrol Study tables: Data on EAB Life Tables Calculation Data on EAB larval density-bird predation and unknown factor Data on Parasitism L1-L2 Excluded from Journal of Applied Ecology Resource Title: Data Dictionary for Emerald Ash Borer Biocontrol Study from Journal of Applied Ecology. File Name: AshBorerAnd Parasitoids_DataDictionary.csvResource Description: CSV data dictionary for the variables/content in the three Emerald Ash Borer Biocontrol Study tables: Data on EAB Life Tables Calculation Data on EAB larval density-bird predation and unknown factor Data on Parasitism L1-L2 Excluded from Journal of Applied Ecology Fore more information see the related READ ME file.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Monitor charter township population over the last 20 plus years. It lists the population for each year, along with the year on year change in population, as well as the change in percentage terms for each year. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population change of Monitor charter township across the last two decades. For example, using this dataset, we can identify if the population is declining or increasing. If there is a change, when the population peaked, or if it is still growing and has not reached its peak. We can also compare the trend with the overall trend of United States population over the same period of time.

Key observations

In 2023, the population of Monitor charter township was 10,618, a 0.17% increase year-by-year from 2022. Previously, in 2022, Monitor charter township population was 10,600, a decline of 0.25% compared to a population of 10,627 in 2021. Over the last 20 plus years, between 2000 and 2023, population of Monitor charter township increased by 573. In this period, the peak population was 10,738 in the year 2010. The numbers suggest that the population has already reached its peak and is showing a trend of decline. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Data Coverage:

• From 2000 to 2023

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column displays the data year (Measured annually and for years 2000 to 2023)
• Population: The population for the specific year for the Monitor charter township is shown in this column.
• Year on Year Change: This column displays the change in Monitor charter township population for each year compared to the previous year.
• Change in Percent: This column displays the year on year change as a percentage. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Monitor charter township Population by Year. You can refer the same here

This dataset includes data on 25 transitions of a matrix demographic model of the invasive species Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench (black swallow-wort or black dog-strangling vine) and Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barb. (pale swallow-wort or dog-strangling vine) (Apocynaceae, subfamily Asclepiadoideae), two invasive perennial vines in the northeastern U.S.A. and southeastern Canada. The matrix model was developed for projecting population growth rates as a result of changes to lower-level vital rates from biological control although the model is generalizable to any control tactic. Transitions occurred among the five life stages of seeds, seedlings, vegetative juveniles (defined as being in at least their second season of growth), small flowering plants (having 1–2 stems), and large flowering plants (having 3 or more stems). Transition values were calculated using deterministic equations and data from 20 lower-level vital rates collected from 2009-2012 from two open field and two forest understory populations of V. rossicum (43°51’N, 76°17’W; 42°48'N, 76°40'W) and two open field populations of V. nigrum (41°46’N, 73°44’W; 41°18’N, 73°58’W) in New York State. Sites varied in plant densities, soil depth, and light levels (forest populations). Detailed descriptions of vital rate data collection may be found in: Milbrath et al. 2017. Northeastern Naturalist 24(1):37-53. Five replicate sets of transition data obtained from five separate spatial regions of a particular infestation were produced for each of the six populations. Note: Added new excel file of vital rate data on 12/7/2018. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Matrix model transition data for Vincetoxicum species. File Name: Matrix_model_transition_data.csvResource Description: This data set includes data on 25 transitions of a matrix demographic model of two invasive Vincetoxicum species from six field and forest populations in New York State.Resource Title: Variable definitions. File Name: Matrix_model_metadata.csvResource Description: Definitions of variables including equations for each transition and definitions of the lower-level vital rates in the equationsResource Title: Vital Rate definitions. File Name: Vital_Rate.csvResource Description: Vital Rate definitions of lower-level vital rates used in transition equations - to be substituted into the Data Dictionary for full definition of each transition equation.Resource Title: Data Dictionary. File Name: Matrix_Model_transition_data_DD.csvResource Description: See Vital Rate resource for definitions of lower-level vital rates used in transition equations where noted.Resource Title: Matrix model vital rate data for Vincetoxicum species. File Name: Matrix_model_vital rate_data.csvResource Description: This data set includes data on 20 lower-level vital rates used in the calculation of transitions of a matrix demographic model of two invasive Vincetoxicum species in New York State as well as definitions of the vital rates. (File added on 12/7/2018)Resource Software Recommended: Microsoft Excel,url: https://office.microsoft.com/excel/

This dataset contains percentage cover of plants, mean numbers of aphids, mean counts of predators and mean counts of herbivores on three crops (field bean, wheat and oilseed rape) within different grassland types (improved, restored and species rich). Data were collected in 2013 on five farms in the Salisbury Plain area of the UK as part of the Wessex Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Sustainability (BESS) project within the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) BESS programme. This data set was used to provide an assessment of the potential for different grassland types to provide natural pest control ecosystem services. The study uses sentinel plants of the three crops established in the grasslands to monitor herbivorous pest insects, predatory insect occurrence and the population growth rates of artificially established aphids. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/4c02ae08-5703-46f4-947e-80e5d0a34a28

Our study on saplings was conducted in six forested sites in three southern Michigan counties: Ingham Co. (three sites), Gratiot Co. (two sites), and Shiawassee Co. (one site), with 10 to 60 km between sites.Data set one - on the fate and density of emerald ash borer larvae and associated parasitoids on ash saplings from both biocontrol-release and non-release control plots in southern Michigan during the three-year study (2013–2015). Data set one was used for calculations and associated analyses for of the parameters presented in Figure 1, 2, 3, and 4.Data set two - on ash tree abundance (per 100 m2) and healthy conditions (or crown classes) at the six study sites in southern Michigan observed in summer 2015. Data set two was used for estimation of tree density (Figure 5) and healthy condition (or crown classes).Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Emerald ash borer biocontrol in ash saplings: the potential for early stage recovery of North American ash trees. File Name: Sapling Data 2013-2015 FINAL.xlsx Resource Description: Data set one - on fate and density of emerald ash borer larvae and/or pupae and associated mortality factors (parasitoids, predators, and undetermined diseases/plant resistance /competition)Resource Title: Emerald ash borer biocontrol in ash saplings: the potential for early stage recovery of North American ash trees. File Name: MI Ash Transect 2015 - All trees.xlsx Resource Description: Data on ash abundance and healthy conditions from transect surveyResource Title: Data Dictionary - EAB biocontrol in ash saplings. File Name: EAB_data_dictionary.csvResource Title: 2013-2014 data sorted. File Name: 2013-2014_data_sorted_EAB.csv Resource Description: Data set one - on fate and density of emerald ash borer larvae and/or pupae and associated mortality factors (parasitoids, predators, and undetermined diseases/plant resistance /competition)Resource Title: 2014-2015 data sorted. File Name: 2014-2015_data_sorted_EAB.csv Resource Description: Data set one - on fate and density of emerald ash borer larvae and/or pupae and associated mortality factors (parasitoids, predators, and undetermined diseases/plant resistance /competition)Resource Title: 2015-2016 data sorted. File Name: 2015-2016_data_sorted_EAB.csv Resource Description: Data set one - on fate and density of emerald ash borer larvae and/or pupae and associated mortality factors (parasitoids, predators, and undetermined diseases/plant resistance /competition)Resource Title: Combined: Emerald ash borer biocontrol in ash saplings: the potential for early stage recovery of North American ash trees. File Name: Emerald ash borer biocontrol in ash saplings the potential for early stage recovery of North American ash trees.csv Resource Description: Data set one - on fate and density of emerald ash borer larvae and/or pupae and associated mortality factors (parasitoids, predators, and undetermined diseases/plant resistance /competition) All 3 sets (2013-2016) combined into a CSV for visualization purposesResource Title: Emerald ash borer biocontrol in ash saplings: the potential for early stage recovery of North American ash trees. File Name: MI Ash Transect 2015 - All trees.csv Resource Description: Data on ash abundance and healthy conditions from transect survey (CSV version for data visualization)Resource Title: Estimates of the net population growth rate of emerald ash borer on saplings from life tables constructed from Dataset One. File Name: DUAN J Data on EAB Life Tables Calculation for Saplings 2013-2015.xlsx Resource Description: This life table of emerald ash borer on saplings was constructed from Dataset One and used to estimate the next population growth rate according to method described in Duan et al. (2014, 2017)Resource Title: Estimates of the net population growth rate of emerald ash borer on saplings from life tables constructed from Dataset One. File Name: EAB_Life_Tables_Calculation_for_Saplings_2013-2015.csv Resource Description: CSV version of the data - This life table of emerald ash borer on saplings was constructed from Dataset One and used to estimate the next population growth rate according to method described in Duan et al. (2014, 2017)

Daily growth rates of 8 populations of Chaetoceros simplex grown at 31C and control population at 25C, in regular L1 medium (884 μm NO3−) or nitrogen‐reduced L1 medium (5 μm NO3−).

Vol 1. Policy Statement to Promoting a Viable Population and Environment within the Paradigm of Responsible Sustainable Development.

Description of parameters.

The increased world population is among the fierce problems the world is facing right now and it will get uncontrolled in the coming future if proper steps for its betterment were not taken immediately. This world has observed the fastest growth during the 20th century. In the 1950s world population was 2.7 billion, By the end of this year it will cross 8 billion. This dataset is uploaded with the assumption to use your Data Science, Machine learning, and Predictive analytics skills and answer the following questions. 1. Which countries have the highest growth rate. 2. What are the densely populated countries in the world. 3. Keeping in view all the variables in mind which countries should take serious steps to control their population.

Theoretical and empirical research has shown that increased variability in demographic rates often results in a decline in the population growth rate. In order to reduce the adverse effects of increased variability, life-history theory predicts that demographic rates that contribute disproportionately to population growth should be buffered against environmental variation. To date, evidence of demographic buffering is still equivocal and limited to analyses on a reduced number of age-classes (e.g. juveniles and adults), and on single sex models. Here we used Bayesian inference models for age-specific survival and fecundity on a long-term dataset of wild mountain gorillas. We used these estimates to parameterize two-sex, age-specific stochastic population projection models that accounted for the yearly covariation between demographic rates. We estimated the sensitivity of the long-run stochastic population growth rate to reductions in survival and fecundity on ages belonging to nine...

Life Table Data: Field-based, partial life table data for immature stages of Bemisia tabaci on cotton in Maricopa, Arizona, USA. Data were generated on approximately 200 individual insects per cohort with 2-5 cohorts per year for a total of 44 cohorts between 1997 and 2010. Data provide the marginal, stage-specific rates of mortality for eggs, and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar nymphs. Mortality is characterized as caused by inviability (eggs only), dislodgement, predation, parasitism and unknown. Detailed methods can be found in Naranjo and Ellsworth 2005 (Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 116(2): 93-108). The method takes advantage of the sessile nature of immature stages of this insect. Briefly, an observer follows individual eggs or settled first instar nymphs from natural populations on the underside of cotton leaves in the field with a hand lens and determines causes of death for each individual over time. Approximately 200 individual eggs and nymphs are observed for each cohort. Separately, densities of eggs and nymphs are monitored with standard methods (Naranjo and Flint 1994, Environmental Entomology 23: 254-266; Naranjo and Flint 1995, Environmental Entomology 24: 261-270) on a weekly basis.
Matrix Model Data: Life table data were used to provide parameters for population matrix models. Matrix models contain information about stage-specific rates for development, survival and reproduction. The model can be used to estimate overall population growth rate and can also be analyzed to determine which life stages contribute the most to changes in growth rates. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Matrix model data from Naranjo, S.E. (2017) Retrospective analysis of a classical biological control program. Journal of Applied Ecology. File Name: MatrixModelData.xlsxResource Description: Life table data were used to provide parameters for population matrix models. Matrix models contain information about stage-specific rates for development, survival and reproduction. The model can be used to estimate overall population growth rate and can also be analyzed to determine which life stages contribute the most to changes in growth rates. Resource Title: Data Dictionary: Life table data. File Name: DataDictionary_LifeTableData.csvResource Title: Life table data from Naranjo, S.E. (2017) Retrospective analysis of a classical biological control program. Journal of Applied Ecology. File Name: LifeTableData.xlsxResource Description: Field-based, partial life table data for immature stages of Bemisia tabaci on cotton in Maricopa, Arizona, USA. Data were generated on approximately 200 individual insects per cohort with 2-5 cohorts per years for a total of 44 cohorts between 1997 and 2010. Data provide the marginal, stage-specific rates of mortality for eggs, and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar nymphs. Mortality is characterized as caused by inviability (eggs only), dislodgement, predation, parasitism and unknown. Detailed methods can be found in Naranjo and Ellsworth 2005 (Entomologia, Experimentalis et Applicata 116: 93-108). The method takes advantage of the sessile nature of immature stages of this insect. Briefly, an observer follows individual eggs or settled first instar nymphs from natural populations on the underside of cotton leaves in the field with a hand lens and determines causes of death for each individual over time. Approximately 200 individual eggs and nymphs are observed for each cohort. Separately, densities of eggs and nymphs are monitored with standard methods (Naranjo and Flint 1994, Environmental Entomology 23: 254-266; Naranjo and Flint 1995, Environmental Entomology 24: 261-270) on a weekly basis. Resource Title: Life table data from Naranjo, S.E. (2017) Retrospective analysis of a classical biological control program. Journal of Applied Ecology. File Name: LifeTableData.csvResource Description: CSV version of the data. Field-based, partial life table data for immature stages of Bemisia tabaci on cotton in Maricopa, Arizona, USA. Data were generated on approximately 200 individual insects per cohort with 2-5 cohorts per years for a total of 44 cohorts between 1997 and 2010. Data provide the marginal, stage-specific rates of mortality for eggs, and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th instar nymphs. Mortality is characterized as caused by inviability (eggs only), dislodgement, predation, parasitism and unknown. Detailed methods can be found in Naranjo and Ellsworth 2005 (Entomologia, Experimentalis et Applicata 116: 93-108). The method takes advantage of the sessile nature of immature stages of this insect. Briefly, an observer follows individual eggs or settled first instar nymphs from natural populations on the underside of cotton leaves in the field with a hand lens and determines causes of death for each individual over time. Approximately 200 individual eggs and nymphs are observed for each cohort. Separately, densities of eggs and nymphs are monitored with standard methods (Naranjo and Flint 1994, Environmental Entomology 23: 254-266; Naranjo and Flint 1995, Environmental Entomology 24: 261-270) on a weekly basis.

The data entails raw and processed data from population growth rates experiments using different yeast mutants. Moreover, it contains the required scripts to process

the data and reproduce Fig3 and Supplemental Figures 4 and 5 from the paper "Redundancy and the role of protein copy numbers in the cell polarization machinery of budding yeast" published in Nature Communications.

The experiments investigated the role of Cdc42 copy number in the polarization efficiency of different relevant mutants containing knockout mutations in Bem1 and Bem3 genes. The Cdc42 copy number was controlled using a galactose promoter.

Initially the growth measurements were taken using a sfGFP tag fussed in Cdc42 (data shown in Fig3). Therefore, we did control experiments, shown in the Supplemental material, to check that the sfGFP tag was not influencing the results we observed previously (Supp Fig 4 and Supp Fig 5).

This sample of married women under 50 years of age were asked questions on household composition, education, occupation of spouse, unemployment in household, how leisure time is spent, length of time at current residence, where lived before, number of pregnancies, live births, desire and/or reason for more children, knowledge of family planning methods, and use of birth control devices.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the Marble Rock population over the last 20 plus years. It lists the population for each year, along with the year on year change in population, as well as the change in percentage terms for each year. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population change of Marble Rock across the last two decades. For example, using this dataset, we can identify if the population is declining or increasing. If there is a change, when the population peaked, or if it is still growing and has not reached its peak. We can also compare the trend with the overall trend of United States population over the same period of time.

Key observations

In 2023, the population of Marble Rock was 262, a 0% decrease year-by-year from 2022. Previously, in 2022, Marble Rock population was 262, a decline of 1.13% compared to a population of 265 in 2021. Over the last 20 plus years, between 2000 and 2023, population of Marble Rock decreased by 63. In this period, the peak population was 325 in the year 2000. The numbers suggest that the population has already reached its peak and is showing a trend of decline. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program (PEP).

Data Coverage:

• From 2000 to 2023

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column displays the data year (Measured annually and for years 2000 to 2023)
• Population: The population for the specific year for the Marble Rock is shown in this column.
• Year on Year Change: This column displays the change in Marble Rock population for each year compared to the previous year.
• Change in Percent: This column displays the year on year change as a percentage. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Marble Rock Population by Year. You can refer the same here

Morphology, sex ratio, body condition, disease status, age structure, and growth patterns were characterized for 448 green sea turtles cold stunned in St. Joseph Bay, Florida during January 2010

This dataset contains growth curve data of a series of E. coli cells carrying reduced genomes, in the media of LB (rich medium), MAA (M63 supplied with 20 amino acids) and M63 (minimal medium).The dataset consists of three .xlsx files accessible via MS Excel and open office formats. Each file contains experimental growth curve data by time in a series of tabs, each representing one strain with the tab name bearing n. Individual columns in a tab represent individual wells per strain. Each separate file corresponds to one of the growth media above: LB, MAA, and M63, which represent the rich, supplementary, and poor growth conditions, respectively.Measurement data are provided at 30 minute or one hour intervals for all growth media and groupings.KHK growth curves_LB.xlsx - E. coli growth curve data by strain for LB (rich medium)KHK growth curves_M63.xlsx - E. coli growth curve data by strain for M63 (minimal medium)KHK growth curves_MAA.xlsx - E. coli growth curve data by strain for MAA (M63 supplied with 20 amino acids)Methodology (see related publication for full details)E. coli culture cell growth was detected at an absorbance of 600 nm, with readings obtained at 30-min or 1-h intervals for 24 to 48 h. The growth curves were obtained for each well. Repeated tests were performed, which resulted in 11 to 30 growth curves used for further calculations of growth rate and population density for each strain at each growth condition (medium). Growth curves were acquired in three different media: LB, M63 and MAA.BackgroundGenome reduction by removing dispensable genomic sequences in bacteria is commonly used in both fundamental and applied studies to determine the minimal genetic requirements for a living system or to develop highly efficient bioreactors. Nevertheless, whether and how the accumulative loss of dispensable genomic sequences disturbs bacterial growth remains unclear. To investigate the relationship between genome reduction and growth, a series of Escherichia coli strains carrying genomes reduced in a stepwise manner were used. Intensive growth analyses revealed that the accumulation of multiple genomic deletions caused decreases in the exponential growth rate and the saturated cell density in a deletion-length-dependent manner as well as gradual changes in the patterns of growth dynamics, regardless of the growth media. Accordingly, a perspective growth model linking genome evolution to genome engineering was proposed. This study provides the first demonstration of a quantitative connection between genomic sequence and bacterial growth, indicating that growth rate is potentially associated with dispensable genomic sequences.

Abstract

Financial inclusion is critical in reducing poverty and achieving inclusive economic growth. When people can participate in the financial system, they are better able to start and expand businesses, invest in their children’s education, and absorb financial shocks. Yet prior to 2011, little was known about the extent of financial inclusion and the degree to which such groups as the poor, women, and rural residents were excluded from formal financial systems.

By collecting detailed indicators about how adults around the world manage their day-to-day finances, the Global Findex allows policy makers, researchers, businesses, and development practitioners to track how the use of financial services has changed over time. The database can also be used to identify gaps in access to the formal financial system and design policies to expand financial inclusion.

Geographic coverage

National coverage

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

The target population is the civilian, non-institutionalized population 15 years and above.

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

The indicators in the 2017 Global Findex database are drawn from survey data covering almost 150,000 people in 144 economies-representing more than 97 percent of the world's population (see Table A.1 of the Global Findex Database 2017 Report for a list of the economies included). The survey was carried out over the 2017 calendar year by Gallup, Inc., as part of its Gallup World Poll, which since 2005 has annually conducted surveys of approximately 1,000 people in each of more than 160 economies and in over 150 languages, using randomly selected, nationally representative samples. The target population is the entire civilian, noninstitutionalized population age 15 and above. Interview procedure Surveys are conducted face to face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where this is the customary methodology. In most economies the fieldwork is completed in two to four weeks.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used.

Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed and the handheld survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In economies where telephone interviewing is employed, random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers is used. In most economies where cell phone penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used. Random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

The sample size was 1000.

Mode of data collection

Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]

Research instrument

The questionnaire was designed by the World Bank, in conjunction with a Technical Advisory Board composed of leading academics, practitioners, and policy makers in the field of financial inclusion. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and Gallup Inc. also provided valuable input. The questionnaire was piloted in multiple countries, using focus groups, cognitive interviews, and field testing. The questionnaire is available in more than 140 languages upon request.

Questions on cash on delivery, saving using an informal savings club or person outside the family, domestic remittances, and agricultural payments are only asked in developing economies and few other selected countries. The question on mobile money accounts was only asked in economies that were part of the Mobile Money for the Unbanked (MMU) database of the GSMA at the time the interviews were being held.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar, and Jake Hess. 2018. The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution. Washington, DC: World Bank

Growth rates of two basslet species from an experiment conducted in 2014 in the Bahamas. access_formats=.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson acquisition_description=For methodology, see\u00a0papers\u00a0in the Related Publications section below. awards_0_award_nid=561016 awards_0_award_number=OCE-1233027 awards_0_data_url=http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1233027 awards_0_funder_name=NSF Division of Ocean Sciences awards_0_funding_acronym=NSF OCE awards_0_funding_source_nid=355 awards_0_program_manager=David L. Garrison awards_0_program_manager_nid=50534 cdm_data_type=Other comment=Basslet Growth Data from 2014 Mark A. Hixon, PI Data Contributor: Tye L. Kindinger Version 7 May 2018 Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3 data_source=extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019 defaultDataQuery=&time<now doi=10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.735249.1 Easternmost_Easting=-76.0 geospatial_lat_max=24.0 geospatial_lat_min=24.0 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-76.0 geospatial_lon_min=-76.0 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east infoUrl=https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/735249 institution=BCO-DMO metadata_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/735249 Northernmost_Northing=24.0 param_mapping={'735249': {'lat': 'master - latitude', 'lon': 'master - longitude'}} parameter_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/735249/parameters people_0_affiliation=University of Hawaii people_0_person_name=Mark Hixon people_0_person_nid=51647 people_0_role=Principal Investigator people_0_role_type=originator people_1_affiliation=Oregon State University people_1_affiliation_acronym=OSU people_1_person_name=Tye L. Kindinger people_1_person_nid=51707 people_1_role=Contact people_1_role_type=related people_2_affiliation=Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution people_2_affiliation_acronym=WHOI BCO-DMO people_2_person_name=Hannah Ake people_2_person_nid=650173 people_2_role=BCO-DMO Data Manager people_2_role_type=related project=BiodiversityLossEffects_lionfish projects_0_acronym=BiodiversityLossEffects_lionfish projects_0_description=The Pacific red lionfish (Pterois volitans), a popular aquarium fish, was introduced to the Atlantic Ocean in the vicinity of Florida in the late 20th century. Voraciously consuming small native coral-reef fishes, including the juveniles of fisheries and ecologically important species, the invader has undergone a population explosion that now ranges from the U.S. southeastern seaboard to the Gulf of Mexico and across the greater Caribbean region. The PI's past research determined that invasive lionfish (1) have escaped their natural enemies in the Pacific (lionfish are much less abundant in their native range); (2) are not yet controlled by Atlantic predators, competitors, or parasites; (3) have strong negative effects on populations of native Atlantic fishes; and (4) locally reduce the diversity (number of species) of native fishes. The lionfish invasion has been recognized as one of the major conservation threats worldwide. The Bahamas support the highest abundances of invasive lionfish globally. This system thus provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand the direct and indirect effects of a major invader on a diverse community, as well as the underlying causative mechanisms. The PI will focus on five related questions: (1) How does long-term predation by lionfish alter the structure of native reef-fish communities? (2) How does lionfish predation destabilize native prey population dynamics, possibly causing local extinctions? (3) Is there a lionfish-herbivore-seaweed trophic cascade on invaded reefs? (4) How do lionfish modify cleaning mutualisms on invaded reefs? (5) Are lionfish reaching densities where natural population limits are evident? projects_0_end_date=2016-07 projects_0_geolocation=Three Bahamian sites: 24.8318, -076.3299; 23.8562, -076.2250; 23.7727, -076.1071; Caribbean Netherlands: 12.1599, -068.2820 projects_0_name=Mechanisms and Consequences of Fish Biodiversity Loss on Atlantic Coral Reefs Caused by Invasive Pacific Lionfish projects_0_project_nid=561017 projects_0_project_website=http://hixon.science.oregonstate.edu/content/highlight-lionfish-invasion projects_0_start_date=2012-08 sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=24.0 standard_name_vocabulary=CF Standard Name Table v55 subsetVariables=latitude,longitude version=1 Westernmost_Easting=-76.0 xml_source=osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3

description: This dataset was created in support of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study focusing on groundwater resources in the Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system (GBCAAS). The GBCAAS is a complex aquifer system comprised of both unconsolidated and bedrock formations covering an area of approximately 110,000 square miles. The aquifer system is situated in the eastern portion of the Great Basin Province of the western United States. The eastern Great Basin is experiencing rapid population growth and has some of the highest per capita water use in the Nation. These factors, combined with the arid setting, have levied intensive demand upon current groundwater resources and, thus, predictions of future shortages. Because of the large regional extent of the aquifer system, rapid growth in the region, and the reliance upon groundwater for urban populations, agriculture, and native habitats, the GBCAAS was selected by the USGS Water Resources program as part of the National Water Census Initiative to evaluate the Nation's groundwater availability. This dataset consists of potentiometric contours, control points used to guide the creation of the contours, and a grid of 2 square-mile cells used to average the water-level value of selected control points. Control points are based on water-level measurements at well and spring locations from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS, Mathey, 1998). Additional control points were derived from estimates of water-level altitudes in perennial mountain streams based on National Hydrography Dataset (NHD, 1999) stream reaches. References cited: Mathey, Sharon B., ed., 1998, National Water Information System (NWIS): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 027-98, 2 p., Accessed January 14, 2009 at https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/FS-027-98/fs-027-98.pdf U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, National Hydrography Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 106-99, accessed March 2007 at http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/factsheets/fs10699.html; abstract: This dataset was created in support of a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) study focusing on groundwater resources in the Great Basin carbonate and alluvial aquifer system (GBCAAS). The GBCAAS is a complex aquifer system comprised of both unconsolidated and bedrock formations covering an area of approximately 110,000 square miles. The aquifer system is situated in the eastern portion of the Great Basin Province of the western United States. The eastern Great Basin is experiencing rapid population growth and has some of the highest per capita water use in the Nation. These factors, combined with the arid setting, have levied intensive demand upon current groundwater resources and, thus, predictions of future shortages. Because of the large regional extent of the aquifer system, rapid growth in the region, and the reliance upon groundwater for urban populations, agriculture, and native habitats, the GBCAAS was selected by the USGS Water Resources program as part of the National Water Census Initiative to evaluate the Nation's groundwater availability. This dataset consists of potentiometric contours, control points used to guide the creation of the contours, and a grid of 2 square-mile cells used to average the water-level value of selected control points. Control points are based on water-level measurements at well and spring locations from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS, Mathey, 1998). Additional control points were derived from estimates of water-level altitudes in perennial mountain streams based on National Hydrography Dataset (NHD, 1999) stream reaches. References cited: Mathey, Sharon B., ed., 1998, National Water Information System (NWIS): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 027-98, 2 p., Accessed January 14, 2009 at https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/FS-027-98/fs-027-98.pdf U.S. Geological Survey, 1999, National Hydrography Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 106-99, accessed March 2007 at http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/factsheets/fs10699.html

Plant populations are limited by resource availability and exhibit physiological trade-offs in resource acquisition strategies. These trade-offs may constrain the ability of populations to exhibit fast growth rates under water limitation and high cover of neighbors. However, traits that confer drought tolerance may also confer resistance to competition. It remains unclear how fitness responses to these abiotic conditions and biotic interactions combine to structure grassland communities and how this relationship may change along a gradient of water availability. To address these knowledge gaps, we estimated the low-density growth rates of populations in drought conditions with low neighbor cover and in ambient conditions with average neighbor cover for 82 species in six grassland communities across the Central Plains and Southwestern United States. We assessed the relationship between population tolerance to drought and resistance to competition and determined if this relationship was ..., Cover data These data include a subset of 82 species (113 species-site combinations) that were monitored annually as part of the Extreme Drought in Grasslands Experiment (EDGE). Topographically unform and hydrologically isolated plots were set up across six grassland types (tallgrass prairie, southern mixed-grass prairie, northern mixed-grass prairie, northern shortgrass prairie, southern shortgrass prairie, and desert grassland) and absolute cover of all species in four 1 x 1 m quadrats was estimated yearly from 2012–2017. At each site, ten control plots at each site received ambient rainfall over the experimental period, and ten treatment plots experienced a 66% reduction in growing season precipitation (equivalent to roughly 40–50% over the whole year) using greenhouse rainout shelters equipped with strips of clear corrugated polycarbonate. Additional site and experimental design details are available in Griffin†Nolan et al., (2019). Population growth rates Percent cover was used as..., , # Drought tolerant grassland species are generally more resistant to competition

These data were analyzed and presented in the accompanying paper where we observed a positive correlation between low-density population growth rates in drought and low-density population growth rates in the presence of interspecific neighbors. We also found that high leaf dry matter content and low (more negative) leaf turgor loss point were associated with higher population fitness in drought and with higher neighbor competition.

The EDGE_covers.csv dataset contains aggregated absolute cover estimates and annual population growth summarized from the Extreme Drought in Grassland Experiment (EDGE). The all_pop_data.csv contains the calculated population growth rates for each population and the trait data paired with each population. Finally, the Suppinfo_tableS1_traits.csv dataset was included as supplemental information for the publication. It also has the population-level traits data but i...