History of Work

Here you find the History of Work resources as Linked Open Data. It enables you to look ups for HISCO and HISCAM scores for an incredible amount of occupational titles in numerous languages.

Data can be queried (obtained) via the SPARQL endpoint or via the example queries. If the Linked Open Data format is new to you, you might enjoy these data stories on History of Work as Linked Open Data and this user question on Is there a list of female occupations?.

NEW version - CHANGE notes

This version is dated Apr 2025 and is not backwards compatible with the previous version (Feb 2021). The major changes are: - incredible simplification of graph representation (from 81 to 12); - use of sdo (https://schema.org/) rather than schema (http://schema.org); - replacement of prov:wasDerivedFrom with sdo:isPartOf to link occupational titles to originating datasets; - etl files (used for conversion to Linked Data) now publicly available via https://github.com/rlzijdeman/rdf-hisco; - update of issues with language tags; - specfication of language tags for english (eg. @en-gb, instead of @en); - new preferred API: https://api.druid.datalegend.net/datasets/HistoryOfWork/historyOfWork-all-latest/sparql (old API will be deprecated at some point: https://api.druid.datalegend.net/datasets/HistoryOfWork/historyOfWork-all-latest/services/historyOfWork-all-latest/sparql ) .

There are bound to be some issues. Please leave report them here.

Figure 1. Part of model illustrating the basic relation between occupations, schema.org and HISCO. https://druid.datalegend.net/HistoryOfWork/historyOfWork-all-latest/assets/601beed0f7d371035bca5521" alt="hisco-basic">

Figure 2. Part of model illustrating the relation between occupation, provenance and HISCO auxiliary variables. https://druid.datalegend.net/HistoryOfWork/historyOfWork-all-latest/assets/601beed0f7d371035bca551e" alt="hisco-aux">

You can check the fields description in the documentation: current Full database: https://docs.dataforseo.com/v3/databases/google/full/?bash; Historical Full database: https://docs.dataforseo.com/v3/databases/google/history/full/?bash.

Full Google Database is a combination of the Advanced Google SERP Database and Google Keyword Database.

Google SERP Database offers millions of SERPs collected in 67 regions with most of Google’s advanced SERP features, including featured snippets, knowledge graphs, people also ask sections, top stories, and more.

Google Keyword Database encompasses billions of search terms enriched with related Google Ads data: search volume trends, CPC, competition, and more.

This database is available in JSON format only.

You don’t have to download fresh data dumps in JSON – we can deliver data straight to your storage or database. We send terrabytes of data to dozens of customers every month using Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, Microsoft Azure Blob, Eleasticsearch, and Google Big Query. Let us know if you’d like to get your data to any other storage or database.

The National Forest Climate Change Maps project was developed by the Rocky Mountain Research Station (RMRS) and the Office of Sustainability and Climate to meet the needs of national forest managers for information on projected climate changes at a scale relevant to decision making processes, including forest plans. The maps use state-of-the-art science and are available for every national forest in the contiguous United States with relevant data coverage. Currently, the map sets include variables related to precipitation, air temperature, snow (including snow residence time and April 1 snow water equivalent), and stream flow.\Historical (1975-2005) and future (2071-2090) precipitation and temperature data for the contiguous United States are ensemble mean values across 20 global climate models from the CMIP5 experiment (https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00094.1), downscaled to a 4 km grid. For more information on the downscaling method and to access the data, please see Abatzoglou and Brown, 2012 (https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/joc.2312) and the Northwest Knowledge Network (https://climate.northwestknowledge.net/MACA/). We used the MACAv2- Metdata monthly dataset; monthly precipitation values (mm) were summed over the season of interest (annual, winter, or summer). Absolute and percent change were then calculated between the historical and future time periods.Historical (1975-2005) and future (2071-2090) precipitation and temperature data for the state of Alaska were developed by the Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning (SNAP) (https://snap.uaf.edu). These datasets have several important differences from the MACAv2-Metdata (https://climate.northwestknowledge.net/MACA/) products, used in the contiguous U.S. They were developed using different global circulation models and different downscaling methods, and were downscaled to a different scale (771 m instead of 4 km). While these cover the same time periods and use broadly similar approaches, caution should be used when directly comparing values between Alaska and the contiguous United States.Raster data are also available for download from RMRS site (https://www.fs.usda.gov/rm/boise/AWAE/projects/NFS-regional-climate-change-maps/categories/us-raster-layers.html), along with pdf maps and detailed metadata (https://www.fs.usda.gov/rm/boise/AWAE/projects/NFS-regional-climate-change-maps/downloads/NationalForestClimateChangeMapsMetadata.pdf).

InfoGroup’s Historical Business Backfile consists of geo-coded records of millions of US businesses and other organizations that contain basic information on each entity, such as: contact information, industry description, annual revenues, number of employees, year established, and other data. Each annual file consists of a “snapshot” of InfoGroup’s data as of the last day of each year, creating a time series of data 1997-2019. Access is restricted to current Harvard University community members. Use of Infogroup US Historical Business Data is subject to the terms and conditions of a license agreement (effective March 16, 2016) between Harvard and Infogroup Inc. and subject to applicable laws. Most data files are available in either .csv or .sas format. All data files are compressed into an archive in .gz, or GZIP, format. Extraction software such as 7-Zip is required to unzip these archives.

Last updated on 06/17/2022

Overview

The national fire history perimeter data layer of conglomerated Agency Authoratative perimeters was developed in support of the WFDSS application and wildfire decision support for the 2021 fire season. The layer encompasses the final fire perimeter datasets of the USDA Forest Service, US Department of Interior Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Fish and Wildlife Service, and National Park Service, the Alaska Interagency Fire Center, CalFire, and WFIGS History. Perimeters are included thru the 2021 fire season. Requirements for fire perimeter inclusion, such as minimum acreage requirements, are set by the contributing agencies.

WFIGS, NPS and CALFIRE data now include Prescribed Burns.

Several data sources were used in the development of this layer:

• Alaska fire history
• USDA FS Regional Fire History Data
• BLM Fire Planning and Fuels
• National Park Service - Includes Prescribed Burns
• Fish and Wildlife Service
• Bureau of Indian Affairs
• CalFire FRAS - Includes Prescribed Burns
• WFIGS - BLM & BIA and other S&L

Fire perimeter data are often collected at the local level, and fire management agencies have differing guidelines for submitting fire perimeter data. Often data are collected by agencies only once annually. If you do not see your fire perimeters in this layer, they were not present in the sources used to create the layer at the time the data were submitted. A companion service for perimeters entered into the WFDSS application is also available, if a perimeter is found in the WFDSS service that is missing in this Agency Authoratative service or a perimeter is missing in both services, please contact the appropriate agency Fire GIS Contact listed in the table below.

Overview

This dataset contains historical daily prices for all tickers currently trading on NASDAQ. The up to date list is available from nasdaqtrader.com. The historic data is retrieved from Yahoo finance via yfinance python package.

It contains prices for up to 01 of April 2020. If you need more up to date data, just fork and re-run data collection script also available from Kaggle.

Data Structure

The date for every symbol is saved in CSV format with common fields:

• Date - specifies trading date
• Open - opening price
• High - maximum price during the day
• Low - minimum price during the day
• Close - close price adjusted for splits
• Adj Close - adjusted close price adjusted for both dividends and splits.
• Volume - the number of shares that changed hands during a given day

All that ticker data is then stored in either ETFs or stocks folder, depending on a type. Moreover, each filename is the corresponding ticker symbol. At last, symbols_valid_meta.csv contains some additional metadata for each ticker such as full name.

Bitcoin Historical Data (2018-2024) - 15M, 1H, 4H, and 1D Timeframes

Dataset Overview

This dataset contains historical price data for Bitcoin (BTC/USDT) from January 1, 2018, to the present. The data is sourced using the Binance API, providing granular candlestick data in four timeframes: - 15-minute (15M) - 1-hour (1H) - 4-hour (4H) - 1-day (1D)

This dataset includes the following fields for each timeframe: - Open time: The timestamp for when the interval began. - Open: The price of Bitcoin at the beginning of the interval. - High: The highest price during the interval. - Low: The lowest price during the interval. - Close: The price of Bitcoin at the end of the interval. - Volume: The trading volume during the interval. - Close time: The timestamp for when the interval closed. - Quote asset volume: The total quote asset volume traded during the interval. - Number of trades: The number of trades executed within the interval. - Taker buy base asset volume: The volume of the base asset bought by takers. - Taker buy quote asset volume: The volume of the quote asset spent by takers. - Ignore: A placeholder column from Binance API, not used in analysis.

Data Sources

Binance API: Used for retrieving 15-minute, 1-hour, 4-hour, and 1-day candlestick data from 2018 to the present.

File Contents

1. btc_15m_data_2018_to_present.csv: 15-minute interval data from 2018 to the present.
2. btc_1h_data_2018_to_present.csv: 1-hour interval data from 2018 to the present.
3. btc_4h_data_2018_to_present.csv: 4-hour interval data from 2018 to the present.
4. btc_1d_data_2018_to_present.csv: 1-day interval data from 2018 to the present.

Automated Daily Updates

This dataset is automatically updated every day using a custom Python program.
The source code for the update script is available on GitHub:
🔗 Bitcoin Dataset Kaggle Auto Updater

Licensing

This dataset is provided under the CC0 Public Domain Dedication. It is free to use for any purpose, with no restrictions on usage or redistribution.

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This dataset is a combination of four years of Apple ($AAPL) options end of day quotes ranging from 01-2016 to 03-2023. Each row represents the information associated with one contract's strike price and a given expiration date.

Dates quotes are given in in Unix and in "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM" formats. Quote frequency is daily at 4:00 pm EST, which corresponds with end of day market closure.

REMEMBER: Apple stock split on August 28, 2020. This will be reflected in the data. Keep this in mind!

What is an option chain?

An option chain can be defined as the listing of all option contracts. It comes with two different sections: call and put. A call option means a contract that gives you the right but does not give you the obligation to buy an underlying asset at a particular price and within the option's expiration date. This means that in this dataset, there will be the entire option chain (all available option contracts for all expirations) for each business day between Q1 2016 and Q1 2023.

This dataset contains data for American options, which can be exercised on or before expiration date. This is unlike European options contracts, which can only be exercised on the expiration date.

I am also continuously working on the associated notebook to give a basic idea of how to load and explore the data. Stay tuned!

Similar Datasets: - $TSLA Option Chains - $SPY Option Chains - $NVDA Option Chains - $QQQ Option Chains

➡️ You can choose from multiple data formats, delivery frequency options, and delivery methods;

➡️ You can select raw or clean and AI-enriched datasets;

➡️ Multiple APIs designed for effortless search and enrichment (accessible using a user-friendly self-service tool);

➡️ Fresh data: daily updates, easy change tracking with dedicated data fields, and a constant flow of new data;

➡️ You get all necessary resources for evaluating our data: a free consultation, a data sample, or free credits for testing our APIs.

Coresignal's employee and company data enables you to create and improve innovative data-driven solutions and extract actionable business insights. These datasets are popular among companies from different industries, including investment, sales, and HR technology.

✅ For investors

Gain strategic business insights, enhance decision-making, and maintain algorithms that signal investment opportunities with Coresignal's global Employee Data and Company Data.

Use cases

1. Screen startups and industries showing early signs of growth
2. Identify companies hungry for the next investment
3. Check if a startup is about to reach the next maturity phase

✅ For HR tech

Coresignal's global Employee Data and Company Data enable you to build and improve AI-based talent-sourcing and other HR technology solutions.

Use cases

1. Build AI-based tools
2. Find qualified candidates
3. Enrich existing hiring data

✅ For sales tech

Companies use our large-scale datasets to improve their lead generation engines and power sales technology platforms.

Use cases

1. Extract targeted lead lists
2. Fill in the gaps in your lead data
3. Enable data-driven sales strategies

➡️ Why 400+ data-powered businesses choose Coresignal:

1. Experienced data provider (in the market since 2016);
2. Exceptional client service;
3. Responsible and secure data collection.

Explore the Redfin USA Properties Dataset, available in CSV format. This extensive dataset provides valuable insights into the U.S. real estate market, including detailed property listings, prices, property types, and more across various states and cities. Perfect for those looking to conduct in-depth market analysis, real estate investment research, or financial forecasting.

Key Features:

• Comprehensive Property Data: Includes essential details such as listing prices, property types, square footage, and the number of bedrooms and bathrooms.
• Geographic Coverage: Encompasses a wide range of U.S. states and cities, providing a broad view of the national real estate market.
• Historical Trends: Analyze past market data to understand price movements, regional differences, and market trends over time.
• Geo-Location Details: Enables spatial analysis and mapping by including precise geographical coordinates of properties.

Who Can Benefit From This Dataset:

• Real Estate Investors: Identify lucrative opportunities by analyzing property values, market trends, and regional price variations.
• Market Analysts: Gain a deeper understanding of the U.S. housing market dynamics to inform research and reporting.
• Data Scientists and Researchers: Leverage detailed real estate data for modeling, urban studies, or economic analysis.
• Financial Analysts: Utilize the dataset for financial modeling, helping to predict market behavior and assess investment risks.

Download the Redfin USA Properties Dataset to access essential information on the U.S. housing market, ideal for professionals in real estate, finance, and data analytics. Unlock key insights to make informed decisions in a dynamic market environment.

Looking for deeper insights or a custom data pull from Redfin?
Send a request with just one click and explore detailed property listings, price trends, and housing data.
🔗 Request Redfin Real Estate Data

Inflation Rate in the United States increased to 2.40 percent in May from 2.30 percent in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This dataset contains the essential files for conducting a dynamic stock market analysis using Power BI. The data is sourced from Yahoo Finance and includes historical stock prices, which can be dynamically updated by adding new stock codes to the provided Excel sheet.

Files Included: Power BI Report (.pbix): The interactive Power BI report that includes various visualizations such as Candle Charts, Line Charts for Support and Resistance, and Technical Indicators like SMA, EMA, Bollinger Bands, and RSI. The report is designed to provide a comprehensive analysis of stock performance over time.

Stock Data Excel Sheet (.xlsx): This Excel sheet is connected to the Power BI report and allows for dynamic data loading. By adding new stock codes to this sheet, the Power BI report automatically refreshes to include the new data, enabling continuous updates without manual intervention.

Overview and Chart Pages Snapshots for better understanding about the Report.

Key Features: Dynamic Data Loading: Easily update the dataset by adding new stock codes to the Excel sheet. The Power BI report will automatically pull the corresponding data from Yahoo Finance. Comprehensive Visualizations: Analyze stock trends using Candle Charts, identify key price levels with Support and Resistance lines, and explore market behavior through various technical indicators. Interactive Analysis: The Power BI report includes slicers and navigation buttons to switch between different time periods and visualizations, providing a tailored analysis experience. Use Cases: Ideal for financial analysts, traders, or anyone interested in conducting a detailed stock market analysis. Can be used to monitor the performance of individual stocks or compare trends across multiple stocks over time. Tags: Stock Market Power BI Financial Analysis Yahoo Finance Data Visualization

📈 Daily Historical Stock Price Data for Discover Financial Services (2007–2025)

A clean, ready-to-use dataset containing daily stock prices for Discover Financial Services from 2007-06-14 to 2025-05-23. This dataset is ideal for use in financial analysis, algorithmic trading, machine learning, and academic research.

  🗂️ Dataset Overview

Company: Discover Financial Services Ticker Symbol: DFS Date Range: 2007-06-14 to 2025-05-23 Frequency: Daily Total Records: 4512 rows… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/khaledxbenali/daily-historical-stock-price-data-for-discover-financial-services-20072025.

The main stock market index of United States, the US500, rose to 6159 points on June 27, 2025, gaining 0.30% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 4.60% and is up 12.80% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United States. United States Stock Market Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on June of 2025.

Description: This dataset contains 24 years of historical stock data for ITC Limited, a leading Indian multinational conglomerate engaged in businesses such as FMCG (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods), hotels, paperboards, and agri-business. The data spans from [start year] to [end year] and includes daily stock metrics such as opening price, closing price, high, low, volume, and more, providing a comprehensive view of ITC's performance in the National Stock Exchange (NSE).

Context: The dataset offers valuable insights into the long-term trends, volatility, and trading patterns of ITC stocks, facilitating quantitative analysis and investment research. Researchers, analysts, and investors can leverage this dataset to conduct historical performance analysis, develop trading strategies, and make informed investment decisions related to ITC Limited.

Sources: The dataset is sourced from reliable financial data providers and publicly available stock market archives. The data undergoes rigorous validation and cleaning processes to ensure accuracy and consistency, providing users with reliable information for their analyses.

Inspiration: The creation of this dataset was inspired by the growing interest in quantitative finance, stock market analysis, and algorithmic trading within the data science community. By making this dataset available on platforms like Kaggle, we aim to empower researchers, data scientists, and enthusiasts to explore the dynamics of ITC's stock performance and contribute to the advancement of financial analytics and investment strategies.

Unemployment Rate in the United States remained unchanged at 4.20 percent in May. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The historical traffic API provides historical data on NSW incidents. Live Traffic NSW allows you to search for a particular date and location.

Dataset Summary: This dataset analyzes layoff trends globally from 1995 to 2024, highlighting the evolution of job sectors and the influence of AI technologies on workforce dynamics. It provides insights into layoffs, reasons behind workforce changes, industry-specific impacts, and future job trends, making it a valuable resource for workforce analytics, AI adoption studies, and economic impact modeling.

Sources and Methodology: This dataset is modeled based on historical events, industry analyses, and logical extrapolations. Key data sources include:

Historical Trends:

Events like the dot-com bubble, global financial crises, and COVID-19.

Reliable sources: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, World Bank, IMF Economic Outlook.

AI Trends and Projections:

Reports from McKinsey & Company, World Economic Forum, and Gartner.

Data on AI job growth and adoption: LinkedIn Economic Graphs, Crunchbase Layoff Tracker.

Skills and Future Jobs:

Reports on emerging skills and workforce trends: Future of Jobs Report 2023, TechCrunch, and Business Insider.

Projections and Logical Assumptions:

Projections for AI adoption, job creation, and displacement are based on publicly available research and extrapolation of trends.

Modeled features like "Future_Job_Trends" and "AI_Job_Percentage" combine factual data with predictive insights.

Potential Use Cases:

Economic Analysis: Study the impact of global events and technological advancements on workforce trends.

AI Adoption Trends: Explore how AI is influencing job creation and displacement across industries.

Policy Planning: Inform government and organizational policies on workforce development and reskilling.

Industry Insights: Gain insights into which industries are most affected by layoffs and which are adopting AI technologies.

Future Workforce Development: Identify emerging skills and prepare for future job market demands.

Disclaimer: This dataset is a combination of historical data, trends, and reasonable projections for future job markets influenced by AI technologies. Projections and estimates should be treated as approximations and not definitive predictions. All efforts have been made to use reliable sources and logical assumptions to ensure accuracy and usefulness for analytical purposes.

Citations:

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (bls.gov)

McKinsey & Company (mckinsey.com)

World Economic Forum (weforum.org)

Gartner Reports (gartner.com)

Crunchbase Layoff Tracker (crunchbase.com)

Future of Jobs Report 2023 (weforum.org/reports)

LinkedIn Economic Graph (economicgraph.linkedin.com)

Theme 1. THE SUBJECT OF THE COURSE. PREFEUDAL ECONOMY

Course subject and its meaning. Elements of the history of the economy as a science. Periodization of the history of the economy. Functions of the history of the economy. Methods of the history of the economy. Early branches of human economic activity and division of labour. The main features of the primitive communal system. Origin of craft. The appearance of metal tools. Decomposition of the primitive communal system. Prerequisites for the emergence of socio-economic inequalities in primitive society. General characteristics of the slave-owning mode of production. The economy of the countries of the Ancient East. Development of agriculture, crafts and trade. Characteristic features of ancient slavery. The economy of ancient Greek city-states. Features of the economic development of ancient Rome.

Theme 2. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE PERIOD OF FEUDALISM

General characteristics of the feudal mode of production. Basic princ...

The IvyDB Signed Volume dataset, available as an add-on product for IvyDB US, contains daily data on detailed option trading volume. Trades in the IvyDB US dataset are assigned as either buyer-initiated or seller-initiated based on the trade price and the bid-ask quote at the time of the trade. The total assigned daily volume is aggregated and updated nightly.