If you have geographic information stored as a table, ArcGIS Pro can display it on a map and convert it to spatial data. In this tutorial, you'll create spatial data from a table containing the latitude-longitude coordinates of huts in a New Zealand national park. Huts in New Zealand are equivalent to cabins in the United States—they may or may not have sleeping bunks, kitchen facilities, electricity, and running water. The table of hut locations is stored as a comma-separated values (CSV) file. CSV files are a common, nonproprietary file type for tabular data.Estimated time: 45 minutesSoftware requirements: ArcGIS Pro

This is a collection of all GPS- and computer-generated geospatial data specific to the Alpine Treeline Warming Experiment (ATWE), located on Niwot Ridge, Colorado, USA. The experiment ran between 2008 and 2016, and consisted of three sites spread across an elevation gradient. Geospatial data for all three experimental sites and cone/seed collection locations are included in this package. ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Geospatial files include cone collection, experimental site, seed trap, and other GPS location/terrain data. File types include ESRI shapefiles, ESRI grid files or Arc/Info binary grids, TIFFs (.tif), and keyhole markup language (.kml) files. Trimble-imported data include plain text files (.txt), Trimble COR (CorelDRAW) files, and Trimble SSF (Standard Storage Format) files. Microsoft Excel (.xlsx) and comma-separated values (.csv) files corresponding to the attribute tables of many files within this package are also included. A complete list of files can be found in this document in the “Data File Organization” section in the included Data User's Guide. Maps are also included in this data package for reference and use. These maps are separated into two categories, 2021 maps and legacy maps, which were made in 2010. Each 2021 map has one copy in portable network graphics (.png) format, and the other in .pdf format. All legacy maps are in .pdf format. .png image files can be opened with any compatible programs, such as Preview (Mac OS) and Photos (Windows). All GIS files were imported into geopackages (.gpkg) using QGIS, and double-checked for compatibility and data/attribute integrity using ESRI ArcGIS Pro. Note that files packaged within geopackages will open in ArcGIS Pro with “main.” preceding each file name, and an extra column named “geom” defining geometry type in the attribute table. The contents of each geospatial file remain intact, unless otherwise stated in “niwot_geospatial_data_list_07012021.pdf/.xlsx”. This list of files can be found as an .xlsx and a .pdf in this archive. As an open-source file format, files within gpkgs (TIFF, shapefiles, ESRI grid or “Arc/Info Binary”) can be read using both QGIS and ArcGIS Pro, and any other geospatial softwares. Text and .csv files can be read using TextEdit/Notepad/any simple text-editing software; .csv’s can also be opened using Microsoft Excel and R. .kml files can be opened using Google Maps or Google Earth, and Trimble files are most compatible with Trimble’s GPS Pathfinder Office software. .xlsx files can be opened using Microsoft Excel. PDFs can be opened using Adobe Acrobat Reader, and any other compatible programs. A selection of original shapefiles within this archive were generated using ArcMap with associated FGDC-standardized metadata (xml file format). We are including these original files because they contain metadata only accessible using ESRI programs at this time, and so that the relationship between shapefiles and xml files is maintained. Individual xml files can be opened (without a GIS-specific program) using TextEdit or Notepad. Since ESRI’s compatibility with FGDC metadata has changed since the generation of these files, many shapefiles will require upgrading to be compatible with ESRI’s latest versions of geospatial software. These details are also noted in the “niwot_geospatial_data_list_07012021” file.

The distribution map of Festuca dolichophylla relies on diverse data sources. Geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude) and country initials (countryCode) were extracted from Tropicos, the Gbif repository (up to May 2019), and the iDigBio database (up to July 2021). Additionally, data from other sources, including BMAP Peru (2023), Eduardo-Palomino (2022), Ccora et al. (2019), Arana et al. (2013), Castro (2019), Flores (2017), Gonzales (2017), and Martínez y Pérez (1999), were integrated. The Gbif data points are associated with gbifID numbers for reference. Please note that this compilation provides essential information for understanding the distribution of F. dolichophylla across various regions.

Software

Organized data by geographic coordinates was uploaded to ArcGIS Pro v. 3.2.0 for map production. Geospatial visualization and mapping were carried out using ArcGIS Pro, allowing us to create the distribution map of F. dolichophylla.

Methods

The dataset for the distribution map of Festuca dolichophylla was meticulously collected from various sources.

Data Collection:

Tropicos: Data were extracted from Tropicos until December 2023.

Gbif Repository: Data was sourced from the Gbif repository until May 2019.

iDigBio Database: Additional data points were retrieved from the iDigBio database up to July 2021.

Other Sources: We also incorporated data from various other sources, including BMAP Peru (2023), Eduardo-Palomino (2022), Ccora et al. (2019), Arana et al. (2013), Castro (2019), Flores (2017), Gonzales (2017), and Martínez y Pérez (1999).

Data Organization and Processing:

All collected data points were meticulously organized by coordinates.

We ensured consistency by cross-referencing and validating the data.

The dataset was then uploaded to ArcGIS Pro v. 3.2.0 for map production.

Geospatial visualization and mapping were carried out using ArcGIS Pro, allowing us to create the distribution map of F. dolichophylla.

Funding

Neotropical Grassland Conservancy, Award: Memorial grant 2020

The Residential Schools Locations Dataset in Geodatabase format (IRS_Locations.gbd) contains a feature layer "IRS_Locations" that contains the locations (latitude and longitude) of Residential Schools and student hostels operated by the federal government in Canada. All the residential schools and hostels that are listed in the Residential Schools Settlement Agreement are included in this dataset, as well as several Industrial schools and residential schools that were not part of the IRRSA. This version of the dataset doesn’t include the five schools under the Newfoundland and Labrador Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. The original school location data was created by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and was provided to the researcher (Rosa Orlandini) by the National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation in April 2017. The dataset was created by Rosa Orlandini, and builds upon and enhances the previous work of the Truth and Reconcilation Commission, Morgan Hite (creator of the Atlas of Indian Residential Schools in Canada that was produced for the Tk'emlups First Nation and Justice for Day Scholar's Initiative, and Stephanie Pyne (project lead for the Residential Schools Interactive Map). Each individual school location in this dataset is attributed either to RSIM, Morgan Hite, NCTR or Rosa Orlandini. Many schools/hostels had several locations throughout the history of the institution. If the school/hostel moved from its’ original location to another property, then the school is considered to have two unique locations in this dataset,the original location and the new location. For example, Lejac Indian Residential School had two locations while it was operating, Stuart Lake and Fraser Lake. If a new school building was constructed on the same property as the original school building, it isn't considered to be a new location, as is the case of Girouard Indian Residential School.When the precise location is known, the coordinates of the main building are provided, and when the precise location of the building isn’t known, an approximate location is provided. For each residential school institution location, the following information is provided: official names, alternative name, dates of operation, religious affiliation, latitude and longitude coordinates, community location, Indigenous community name, contributor (of the location coordinates), school/institution photo (when available), location point precision, type of school (hostel or residential school) and list of references used to determine the location of the main buildings or sites. Access Instructions: there are 47 files in this data package. Please download the entire data package by selecting all the 47 files and click on download. Two files will be downloaded, IRS_Locations.gbd.zip and IRS_LocFields.csv. Uncompress the IRS_Locations.gbd.zip. Use QGIS, ArcGIS Pro, and ArcMap to open the feature layer IRS_Locations that is contained within the IRS_Locations.gbd data package. The feature layer is in WGS 1984 coordinate system. There is also detailed file level metadata included in this feature layer file. The IRS_locations.csv provides the full description of the fields and codes used in this dataset.

Parking citations with latitude / longitude in Mercator map projection which is a variant of Web Mercator, Google Web Mercator, Spherical Mercator, WGS 84 Web Mercator or WGS 84/Pseudo-Mercator and is the de facto standard for Web mapping applications. Additional information about Meractor projections - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercator_projection The official EPSG identifier for Web Mercator is EPSG:3857. Additional information on projections can be read here: https://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.3/index.cfm?TopicName=Projection_basics_the_GIS_professional_needs_to_know For more information on Geographic vs Projected coordinate systems, read here: https://www.esri.com/arcgis-blog/products/arcgis-pro/mapping/gcs_vs_pcs/ For information on how to change map projections, read here: https://learn.arcgis.com/en/projects/make-a-web-map-without-web-mercator/

The state of Tennessee is divided into 805 individual 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle maps. The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) maintains an archive of paper maps that were utilized for estimating groundwater well locations. Each well location was plotted by hand and marked with corresponding water well data. These hand-plotted locations represent the most accurate spatial information for each well but exist solely in paper format. To create the shapefile of the well location data for this data release, individual paper maps were scanned and georeferenced. From these georeferenced map images (GRI), the hand-plotted well locations were digitized into a shapefile of point data using ArcGIS Pro. The shapefile is contained in "TN_waterwell.zip," which contains locations for 8,826 points from the first 200 7.5-minute quadrangles in Tennessee (sorted alphabetically) from Adair 438NW through Harriman 123NE. While some spring locations are included in this dataset, it does not provide a comprehensive collection of spring data. Attribute data includes quad name, drawing number, and hand-written identification data that was transcribed from the topographic maps. Latitude and longitude coordinates (decimal degrees) were populated. Data projection is USA Contiguous Albers Equal Area Conic USGS (meters). A table of attribute data is included in this data release as "TN_waterwells_table.xlsx." Detailed descriptions of the attributes can be found in the accompanying metadata file named "TN_waterwells_metadata.xml."

The outdoor parks for this dataset were identified using Google Maps. Each data point was geocoded using the latitude and longitude points of each outdoor park that Google Maps identified as being a part of Newark and inputted into a spreadsheet. Using the NJ Municipalities layer on ArcGIS Pro helped to finalize the list, ensuring that each park point was inside the Newark boundary.

New Parking Citations dataset here: https://data.lacity.org/Transportation/Parking-Citations/4f5p-udkv/about_data ---Archived as of September 2023--- Parking citations with latitude / longitude (XY) in US Feet coordinates according to the California State Plane Coordinate System - Zone 5 (https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/rgm/state-plane-coordinate-system). For more information on Geographic vs Projected coordinate systems, read here: https://www.esri.com/arcgis-blog/products/arcgis-pro/mapping/gcs_vs_pcs/ For information on how to change map projections, read here: https://learn.arcgis.com/en/projects/make-a-web-map-without-web-mercator/

This map was used in an educational StoryMap created by US Fish and Wildlife Service and Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Program in collaboration with students at William and Mary. Layer created by Mary Lawrence Young, William & Mary collaborator to USFWS. The map shows the only remaining location that the wildflower Marsh Pink (Sabatia stellaris) grows within the state of Connecticut. The current Marsh Pink populations are undergoing restoration work as part of the larger Great Meadows Marsh Refuge Restoration project. The point data from this feature layer was manually generated in ArcGIS Pro using longitude and latitude values of the towns provided by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. The data is meant to be used in comparison to historic Marsh Pink growing locations within Connecticut to display how depleted the population has become.Listed Connecticut Townships: Stratford (41.18, -73.13)For more information contact Anne Condon, anne_condon@fws.gov

Description: Floods are common natural disasters worldwide and pose substantial risks to life, property, food production, and natural resources. Effective measures for flood mitigation and warning are important. Southeast Texas is still at substantial risk of flooding and Lamar University is assisting the region with asset management of a flood sensor network for flooding events. This network provides real-time water stage information. To make these data more useful for flood monitoring and mapping, Lamar University developed a program to measure elevation and coordinates for the various sensor locations. This paper overviews the measurement of the elevation and coordinates of 74 networked flood sensors and various thresholds at critical points used by flood decision-makers for reference at each site. These sensors, in the first phase of this program, were deployed throughout a 7-county region spanning nearly 6000 square miles in Southeast Texas. The latitude and longitude of the sensors, along with their elevations, were determined using survey-grade Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology. This is an accurate, rapid, and relatively low-cost surveying method. Various Continually Operating Reference Stations (CORS) were examined during post-processing to achieve the most accurate horizontal and vertical results. After differential corrections were applied, accuracies of 0.4 in. (or better) were achieved. Each site's critical points and thresholds were also established using this method. The thresholds, elevations, and positions of these sensors and their surrounding critical points are transmitted to various dashboards on websites. These data are used to aid with decisions related to road closures or modeling efforts by mitigation decision-makers, emergency managers, and the public, including the Texas Department of Transportation, Houston Transtar, the National Weather Service, and the Sabine River Authority of Texas (SRA). This data may also be used in the development of flood hydrological models in Southeast Texas watersheds and sub-basins. This program currently involves the Flood Coordination Study team which is part of the Center for Resiliency at Lamar University in collaboration with various entities such as the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate, the Southeast Texas Flood Control District, and various other regional agencies, municipalities, and industries.

Steps to reproduce: A Trimble GEOX7 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) handheld device, which employs Trimble H-StarTM technology, and a ZIPLEVEL PRO-2000 High Precision Altimeter was used to determine the coordinates and elevations of the sensors and surrounding critical points. Post-processing of the GNSS data used the Trimble GPS Pathfinder Office software. The closest CORS base stations were used for differential corrections and the NAD 1983 (2011) (epoch 2010.00) horizontal datum was used as the geographic coordinate system. Furthermore, orthometric heights were calculated using GEOID 18 which is referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). ArcGIS Pro 3 was used to create a map of the sensors and critical points, as well as a watershed delineation relative to Southeast Texas landmarks. Data were gathered in Southeast Texas watersheds and sub-watersheds in order to monitor and map the elevation and movement of water in the drainages. Vertical and horizontal positions of the 74 flood sensors installed in the first phase of the project and their surrounding critical points, including the node (solar panels, battery, and transmission device), the bottom of the posts that nodes attached (bottom of the node from now on), top of the bank, the bottom of the ditch, the bottom of the bridge's deck, and the center of the road and edges, have been gathered accordingly. Also, the relative elevations between these points are important and were collected.

This map was used in an educational StoryMap created by US Fish and Wildlife Service and Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Program in collaboration with students at William and Mary. Layer created by Mary Lawrence Young, William & Mary collaborator to USFWS. The map shows the historic (circa early 1900s) location that the wildflower Marsh Pink (Sabatia stellaris) grows within the state of Connecticut. The historic Marsh Pink populations spanned all along the southern coast of Connecticut. The point data from this feature layer was manually generated in ArcGIS Pro using longitude and latitude values of the towns provided by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. The data is meant to be used in comparison to current Marsh Pink growing locations within Connecticut to display how depleted the population has become.Connecticut Township Points: Stratford (41.18, -73.13), Stamford (41.05, -73.54), Fairfield (41.15, -73.27), Bridgeport (41.19, -73.20), Madison (41.28, -72.60), Clinton (41.29, -72.53), Old Saybrook (41.30, -72.40), Old Lyme (41.32, -72.33), Groton (41.37, -72.07)For more information contact Anne Condon, anne_condon@fws.gov

AbstractThis map shows the location and status of Australian operating mines, mines under development and mines under care and maintenance as at December 2024. Operating mines represent projects that were operational as at December 2024. Developing mines are deposits where the project has a positive feasibility study, development has commenced or all approvals have been received. Mines under care and maintenance represent those projects with known resource estimations where production has ceased but the site is managed to ensure it remains in a safe and stables condition, with potential to recommence operations in the future.CurrencyDate Modified: 1 February 2025Modification Frequency: AnnuallyData ExtentSpatial ExtentNorth: -10.0°South: -44.0°East: 156.0°West: 105.0°Source InformationThe Australian Operating Mines Map and Data (2024) is available in different formats from the Geoscience Australia"s Product Catalogue.Catalogue Entry: Australian Operating Mines Map 2024Lineage StatementThis dataset was created by the Minerals, Energy and Groundwater Division from Geoscience Australia.Note: The Digital Atlas of Australia downloaded the Australian Operating Mines Map Data 2024 (XLSX) in April 2025; this was then converted into a Point Feature Class using Geoprocessing tools in ArcGIS Pro. No alterations were made to the content of the data.Data DictionaryAttribute nameDescriptionOBJECTIDAutomatically generated system IDNameThe name of the mineStateThe name of Australian State or Territory that the power station site is located in; the full name is abbreviated to 2 or 3 letters all capitals.LattitudeDescribes the latitude of the mine site. All latitudes are in decimal form.LongitudeDescribes the longitude of the mine site. All longitudes are in decimal form.StatusDescribes the operating status for the mine. There are 3 possible operating statuses: Operating mines represent projects that have reported production as at December 2024. Mines under development represent projects that have a completed positive definitive feasibility study, development has commenced, or all approvals have been received. Mines under care and maintenance represent those projects with known resource estimations where production has ceased but the site is managed to ensure it remains in a safe and stable condition, with potential to recommence operations in the future.Commodity GroupRepresents the resource that is being mined at the particular location. They are broadly categorised as: Base metals, Battery/Alloy Metals, Bauxite, Coal, Diamond, Fertiliser elements, Graphite, Heavy mineral sands, High-purity elements, Iron ore, Magnesium, Manganese, Precious Metals, Rare earth elements, Tin, Tungsten, Uranium. - Major Elements being mined are shown outside of brackets (minor elements in brackets).ContactGeoscience Australia, clientservices@ga.gov.au

Version 3 of the Named Landforms of the World (NLWv3) is an update of version 2 of the Named Landforms of the World (NLWv2). NLWv2 will remain available as the compilation that best matches the work of E.M. Bridges and Richard E. Murphy. In NLWv3, we added attributes that describe each landform's volcanism based on data from the Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program (GVP). We designed NLWv3 layers for two purposes:Label maps with broadly accepted names for physiographic features. Use the polygons as a basis to add fields (attributes) to observation data or other small features to facilitate rich and relevant descriptions that indicate how other features relate to named physiographic features. Three workflows are recommended: (1) For point features, Identity and then Join Field; (2) Zonal Statistics as Table and then Join Field, and when many such attributes are being produced, (3) when adding multiple different attributes, the recently added Zonal Characterization tool and then Join Field. While we gained ability to estimate the area of Earth"s volcanic landforms, we also learned that volcanoes are relatively short-lived as landforms. The GVP provided two inventories, one for the Holocene Epoch, which is the most recent 11,700 years (since the last ice age), and for the Pleistocene Epoch, which precedes the Holocene, and lasted about 2.6 million years. There were only 7.8% more volcanoes included for the Pleistocene, even though the Pleistocene is 222 times longer. That means most older volcanoes have disappeared through natural erosional and depositional processes. In the NLWv3, we consider volcanic landforms as being one of many types of landforms, including calderas, clusters and complexes, shields, stratovolcanoes, or minor volcanic features such as lava domes and fissure vents. Not all of the GVP features, particularly fissure vents and remnants of calderas, are large enough to be mapped as polygons in the NLWv3. Similarly, complexes and volcanic fields typically had greater areas and included many individual cinder cones and calderas. ContinentCount of Volcanic LandformsArea km2 of Volcanic Landforms (% of land area)Europe7822,888 (0.23%)Antarctica4234,035 (0.27%)Australia14757,422 (0.65%)South America37081,475 (0.46%)Small Volcanic Islands559124,310 (8.52%)Africa282147,116 (0.50%)Asia698227,486 (0.53%)North America622295,340 (1.23%)Global Totals2,7981,000,073 (0.67%) Overview of UpdatesCorresponding landform polygons were assigned attributes for the GVP"s ID, name, province, and region. See details in the volcanic attributes section below. Additionally, an describing volcanism for each GVP feature was derived from these and several other GVP attributes to provide a reader-friendly characterization of each feature.Landforms of Antarctica. Given recent analysis of Antarctica and the GVP data it became possible to provide rudimentary landform features for Antarctica. See details in the Antarctica section below.Refined the definition of Murphy"s Isolated Volcanics classification. If the volcanic landform occurred outside of a orogenic, rifting, or subducting zone, it could not be considered isolated, as this is where volcanos are expected to occur. Only volcanoes occurring in areas with no tectonic activity are considered Isolated Volcanics, and these typically occur in mid-continent or mid-tectonic plate. See details in the Isolated Volcanic Areas section below.Edits to tectonic process attributes in selected areas. The Global Volcanism Program point locations for volcanoes includes an attribute for the underlying tectonic process. The concept matched the existing tectonic process in the NLWv2 and we compared the values. When the values differed, we reviewed research and made changes. See details in the Tectonic Process section below.Minor boundary changes at the province and lower levels in the western mountains of North and South America. See details in the Boundary Change Locations section below.Technical CharacteristicsThe NLWv2 and NLWv3 are derived the same raster datasets used to produce the 2018 version of the World Terrestrial Ecosystems (WTEs), which when combined have a lowest-common-denominator resolution, a.k.a. minimum-mapping-unit of 1-km. This means that some features, such as small islands are not included and complex coastlines are simplified and only included as land if the 1-km cell contains at least 50% land. Because the coastlines included in the original datasets varied by as much as 3-km from the actual coastline, nearly always due to missing land, we manually corrected many of the worst cases in NLWv2 using the 12 to 30-meter resolution World Hillshade layer as a guide. In NLWv3, we continued this work by adding 247 volcanic islands, some of which were smaller than 1-km in area. We estimate these islands to have been about one percent of the smaller islands of the world. In NLWv3, we also refined the coastlines of volcanic coastal areas, particularly in Oceania and Japan. For NLWv4, we plan to continue this refinement work intending that future versions of NLW will have a progressively refined, medium resolution coastline, though we do not intend to capture the full detail of the Global Islands dataset produced from 30-m Landsat. Detailed Description of Updates Volcanic AttributesWe combined the Holocene and Pleistocene spreadsheets containing the coordinates and attributes for each volcano, then added a column for the geologic age before exporting as a .CSV file and importing into ArcGIS Pro. We used the XY Table to Points tool to create point features. We ultimately found that nearly ten percent of the point locations lacked sufficient precision to fall within the correct landform polygon, so we manually reviewed each point and assigned the Volcano ID to each polygon.We were able to assign 2,394 of 2,662 GVP volcanic features to landform polygons. 198 GVP features were not used because they represented undersea features and 75 GVP features did not have apparent landforms; either being very small or indistinguishable from surrounding topography. Of the 2,394 assigned GVP features, 48% are Holocene age features and 52% are Pleistocene age features. We found that 225 GVP features were not located within a landform feature that topographically represented a volcanic landform feature, e.g., a caldera or stratovolcano. This was usually due to insufficient precision of the coordinates provided, which sometimes were rounded to the nearest integer of latitude and longitude and could be over 50-km distant from the landform"s location. AttributeDescriptionVolcano ID (SI)The six-digit unique ID for the Global Volcanism Program features.Volcano Name (SI)The Name of the volcanic feature as provided by the Global Volcanism Program. Volcanic Region (SI)The Name of the volcanic region as provided by the Global Volcanism Program. Volcanic Province (SI)The Name of the volcanic province as provided by the Global Volcanism Program. VolcanismA consistently formatted description volcanism for the landform feature based on the age, last eruption, landform type, and type of material. This information was not consistently available from the Global Volcanism Program, and we used a Python script to determine the condition of the Global Volcanism Program"s data and then include whatever information was available. AntarcticaSeveral recent analyses of Antarctica complemented the GVP point features. In particular, the British Antarctic Survey"s 2019 Deep glacial troughs and stabilizing ridges unveiled beneath the margins of the Antarctic ice sheet shows sufficiently detailed land surface elevation beneath the ice sheets to support identifying topographic landform classes. We georeferenced the elevation image and combined that with Bridge"s geomorphological divisions and provinces to divide the continent into landforms. More work needs to be done to make these landform polygons as rich and accurately defined as those in NLWv2. Isolated Volcanic AreasNLWv2 has 333 Isolated Volcanic landforms. We intentionally expanded on Murphy"s map which could not show many of the smaller landforms and areas due to the 1:50,000,000 scale (poster sized map of the world). Murphy"s map only included isolated volcanic areas in three locations: north-central Africa, Hawaii, and Iceland. In NLWv2, we used the Global Lithological Map to identify several areas on each continent and used the example of Hawaii to include many other known volcanic islands. In most ways, Isolated Volcanics denoted geographic isolation from other mountain systems. NLWv3 contains 2,798 volcanic landform features, and 185 have Murphy"s Isolated Volcanic structure class because they do not occur within a region with the tectonic process of orogenic, subduction, or rifting. These Isolated Volcanic landform features are located mostly in mid-tectonic plate regions of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and on islands, particularly in the southern hemisphere, with a few in North America and Asia. NLWv3 contains 2,603 volcanic landform features, occurring on all continents and islands within all oceans. Tectonic ProcessThe GVP data included a tectonic setting attribute that was compiled independently of the NLWv2 tectonic setting variable. When these differed, we reviewed and if needed update the tectonic setting variable in the NLWv3. This also exposed several regions of landforms requiring updates to the Structure class. These areas included Japan, northeast Asia, the Aleutian Islands, and Alaska to either Orogenic or None. We independently verified these regions using Orogeny and Mantle Dynamics: role of tectonic erosion and second continent in the mantle transition zone which indicated specific orogenic and subducting areas, disagreeing with our original assessment and the GVP attribution for tectonic setting. Tectonic ProcessHolocene Volcanic Features Pleistocene Volcanic FeaturesNone (Isolated)7797Orogenic329497Subduction

Version 3 of the Named Landforms of the World (NLWv3) is an update of version 2 of the Named Landforms of the World (NLWv2). NLWv2 will remain available as the compilation that best matches the work of E.M. Bridges and Richard E. Murphy. In NLWv3, we added attributes that describe each landform's volcanism based on data from the Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program (GVP). We designed NLWv3 layers for two purposes:To label maps with broadly accepted names for physiographic features. To add landform attributes to other layers. For example, species observation data or other small features to enable rich and relevant descriptions for how those features relate to landforms. To accomplish this, typically, we use overlay tools such as Identity. For background, version 2 provided features with the physiographic and geomorphologic characteristics for the world's named landforms. This means it was more than just showing the land versus water or mountains versus plains; it also included the underlying structure and processes that created the landforms. We begin with the largest landform regions, which are continents, followed by tectonic plates, then divisions, provinces, sections, and finally, individual landforms. In adding the GVP volcanic landforms to NLWv3, we learned that volcanoes are relatively short-lived as landforms, with most not enduring for two million years. For context, the age of the rocks in most of the Earth's mountain ranges is in the tens to hundreds of millions of years. The full collection of layers and maps for NLWv3 are available in an ArcGIS Online Group named Named Landforms Of the World v3 (NLWv3) Layers and Maps. The GVP included two inventories--one for the Holocene Epoch, which are the volcanoes that formed during most recent 11,700 years (since the last ice age). The other is for the Pleistocene Epoch, which precedes the Holocene, and lasted about 2.6 million years. While the Pleistocene epoch is 222 times longer than the Holocene, it only has 7.8% more volcanoes. Most of the volcanoes that formed during the Pleistocene have disappeared through natural erosional and depositional processes. In NLWv3, volcanic landforms include calderas, clusters and complexes, shields, stratovolcanoes, and minor volcanic features such as cinder cones, lava domes, and fissure vents. Not all the GVP features, particularly fissure vents and remnants of calderas, are large enough to be mapped as polygons in NLWv3. Similarly, complexes and volcanic fields typically had greater areas and included many individual cinder cones and calderas. ContinentCount of Volcanic LandformsArea km2 of Volcanic Landforms (% of land area)Europe7822,888 (0.23%)Antarctica4234,035 (0.27%)Australia14757,422 (0.65%)South America37081,475 (0.46%)Small Volcanic Islands559124,310 (8.52%)Africa282147,116 (0.50%)Asia698227,486 (0.53%)North America622295,340 (1.23%)Global Totals2,7981,000,073 (0.67%)This table shows the distribution of volcanic landforms and their surface areas. Overview of UpdatesCorresponding landform polygons now include attributes for the GVP's ID, name, province, and region. Details are provided below in the volcanic attributes section. Additionally, a text description of volcanism for each GVP feature was derived from these attributes to provide a reader-friendly characterization of each volcanic landform.Landforms of Antarctica. Given recent analysis of Antarctica and the use of GVP data, rudimentary landform features for Antarctica have been added. See details in the Antarctica section below.Refined the definition of Murphy's Isolated Volcanics classification. If the volcanic landform occurred outside of an orogenic, rifting, or subducting zone, only then did we consider it isolated. The areas along tectonic plate boundaries are where volcanoes typically occur. Only volcanoes occurring in areas with no tectonic activity are considered isolated. These typically occur in mid-continent or mid-tectonic plate. See details in the Isolated Volcanic Areas section.Edits to tectonic process attributes in selected areas. The GVP point locations for volcanoes include an attribute for the underlying tectonic process. The concept matched the existing tectonic process in the NLWv2, and we compared the values. When the values differed, we reviewed research and made changes. See details in the Tectonic Process section below.Minor boundary changes at the province, section, and landform level in the western mountains of North and South America. Details are provided below in the Boundary Change Locations section. Technical CharacteristicsThe NLWv2 and NLWv3 are derived from the same raster datasets used to produce the 2018 version of the World Terrestrial Ecosystems (WTEs), which, when combined, have a lowest-common-denominator resolution (minimum mapping unit) of 1 km. Some features, such as very small islands, were not included in NLWv3, and complex coastlines were simplified and were only included if the 1-km cell contained at least 50% land. Because the coastlines in the raster datasets varied by as much as 3 km from the actual coastline, nearly always due to missing land. Many of the worst such cases in NLWv2 were manually corrected using the 12-30-meter resolution World Hillshade layer as a guide. In NLWv3, we continued this work by adding 247 volcanic islands, some of which were smaller than 1 km in area. We estimate that these islands comprise about one percent of the world's smaller islands. In NLWv3, we also refined the coastlines of volcanic coastal areas, particularly in Oceania and Japan. For NLWv4, we plan to continue this refinement work, intending that future versions of NLW will have a progressively refined, medium-resolution coastline. However, we do not intend to capture the full detail of the Global Islands dataset, which was produced from 30-m Landsat data. Detailed Description of Updates Volcanic AttributesThe GVP Excel spreadsheets for the Holocene and Pleistocene epochs, which contained the coordinates and attributes for each volcano, were combined. A column for the geologic age was added before saving the spreadsheet as a .CSV file and importing into ArcGIS Pro. The XY Table to Points tool was used to create point features. Nearly ten percent of the point locations that lacked sufficient precision to fall within the correct landform polygon were revised manually in order to assign the correct Volcano ID to each polygon.2,394 of the 2,662 GVP volcanic features were assigned to landform polygons. 198 GVP features were not assigned because they represented undersea features, and 75 GVP features did not have apparent corresponding landform polygons because they were either too small or indistinguishable from surrounding topography. Of the 2,394 assigned GVP features, 48% are Holocene Age features and 52% are Pleistocene epoch features. 225 GVP features did not fall within within a landform feature that represented topographically a volcanic landform feature, such as a caldera or stratovolcano. This was usually due to insufficient precision of the GVP coordinates, which sometimes were rounded to the nearest integer of latitude and longitude and could therefore be over 50km away from the landform's location. AttributeDescriptionVolcano ID (SI)The six-digit unique ID for the Global Volcanism Program features.Volcano Name (SI)The Name of the volcanic feature as provided by the Global Volcanism Program. Volcanic Region (SI)The Name of the volcanic region as provided by the Global Volcanism Program. Volcanic Province (SI)The Name of the volcanic province as provided by the Global Volcanism Program. VolcanismA consistently formatted description volcanism for the landform feature based on the age, last eruption, landform type, and type of material. This information was not consistently available from the Global Volcanism Program, and we used a Python script to determine the condition of the Global Volcanism Program"s data and then include whatever information was available. AntarcticaSeveral recent analyses of Antarctica complemented the GVP point features. In particular, the British Antarctic Survey's 2019 Deep glacial troughs and stabilizing ridges unveiled beneath the margins of the Antarctic ice sheet show sufficiently detailed land surface elevation beneath the ice sheets to support identifying topographic landform classes. We georeferenced the elevation image and combined it with Bridge's geomorphological divisions and provinces to divide the continent into different landform polygons. Additional work is needed to make these landform polygons as rich and accurately defined as those in NLWv2. Isolated Volcanic AreasThere are 333 Isolated Volcanic landforms in NLWv2. We intentionally expanded on Murphy"s map which could not show many of the smaller landforms and areas due to the 1:50,000,000 scale (poster sized map of the world). Murphy"s map only included isolated volcanic areas in three locations: north-central Africa, Hawaii, and Iceland. In NLWv2, we used the Global Lithological Map to identify several areas on each continent and used the example of Hawaii to include many other known volcanic islands. In most ways, Isolated Volcanics denoted geographic isolation from other mountain systems. NLWv3 includes 2,798 volcanic landform features, and 185 have been assigned Murphy's Isolated Volcanic structure class because they do not occur within a region with the tectonic process of orogenic, subduction, or rifting. These Isolated Volcanic landform features are located mostly in mid-tectonic plate regions of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and on islands, particularly in the southern hemisphere, with a few in North America and Asia. NLWv3 contains 2,603 volcanic landform features, occurring on all continents and on islands within all oceans. Tectonic ProcessThe GVP data included a tectonic setting attribute that was compiled independently of the NLWv2 tectonic setting variable. When these