Chemistry Problem-Solution

Chemistry Problem-Solution Dataset: 20K pairs across 25 topics and subtopics

By camel-ai (From Huggingface) [source]

About this dataset

To ensure diversity and coverage across various aspects of chemistry, this dataset spans across 25 main topics, encompassing a wide range of subtopics within each main topic. Each main topic and subtopic combination contains an extensive set of 32 distinct problems for analysis and study.

In order to facilitate efficient data exploration and analysis, the dataset is structured with essential columns including 'role_1' which signifies the role or identity responsible for presenting either the problem statement or solution. Additionally, 'sub_topic' denotes the specific subarea within each main topic to which both problem and solution belong.

By utilizing this expansive dataset containing accurate problem statements and their corresponding solutions from diverse topics in chemistry along with their categorization into distinct domains (both main topics and subtopics), users can seamlessly navigate through specific areas of interest while making informed decisions about which subsets they'd like to explore further based on their project requirements or learning objectives.

Please note that since generating this dataset was performed using GPT-4 model powered by artificial intelligence algorithms it's critical to conduct careful validation checks when implementing these data points in real-life scenarios or academic research work where precision plays a vital role

How to use the dataset

About the Dataset

The dataset contains 20,000 pairs of problem statements and their corresponding solutions, covering a wide range of topics within the field of chemistry. These pairs have been generated using the GPT-4 model, ensuring that they are diverse and representative of various concepts in chemistry.

Main Topics and Subtopics

The dataset is organized into 25 main topics, with each topic having 25 subtopics. The main topics represent broader areas within chemistry, while the subtopics narrow down to specific subjects within each main topic. This hierarchical structure allows for better categorization and navigation through different aspects of chemistry problems.

Problem Statement

The problem statement (message_1) column provides a concise description or statement of a specific chemistry problem. It sets up the context for understanding what needs to be solved or analyzed.

Solution

The solution (message_2) column contains the respective answer or solution to each problem statement. It offers insights into how to approach and solve specific types of chemistry problems.

How to Utilize this Dataset

Here are some ways you can leverage this dataset:

• Study Specific Topics: Since there are 25 main topics with multiple subtopics in this dataset, you can focus on exploring certain areas that interest you or align with your learning goals in chemistry.

• Develop Learning Resources: As an educator or content creator, you can use this dataset as inspiration for creating educational materials such as textbooks, online courses, or lesson plans focused on different topics within chemistry.

• Build Intelligent Systems: If you're working on developing AI-powered systems related to solving chemistry problems or providing chemical insights, this dataset can serve as training data for your models.

• Evaluate Existing Models: If you have a chemistry problem-solving model or algorithm, you can use this dataset to evaluate its performance and fine-tune it further.

• Generate New Problem-Solution Pairs: You can use the existing problem-solution pairs as a starting point and leverage them to generate new problem-solution pairs by applying techniques like data augmentation or natural language processing.

Limitations

It's important to consider the following limitations of the dataset:

• The dataset is AI-generated using the GPT-4 model, which means some solutions may

Research Ideas

• Educational Resource: This dataset can be used to create an educational resource for chemistry students. The problem-solution pairs can be used as practice questions, allowing students to test their understanding and problem-solving skills.
• AI Model Training: The dataset can be utilized to train AI models in the field of chemistry education. By feeding the problem-solution pairs into the model, it can learn to generate accurate solutions for various chemistry problems.
• Research Analysis: Researchers in the field of chemistry education or n...

This dataset consists of mathematical question and answer pairs, from a range of question types at roughly school-level difficulty. This is designed to test the mathematical learning and algebraic reasoning skills of learning models.

## Example questions

 Question: Solve -42*r + 27*c = -1167 and 130*r + 4*c = 372 for r.
 Answer: 4
 
 Question: Calculate -841880142.544 + 411127.
 Answer: -841469015.544
 
 Question: Let x(g) = 9*g + 1. Let q(c) = 2*c + 1. Let f(i) = 3*i - 39. Let w(j) = q(x(j)). Calculate f(w(a)).
 Answer: 54*a - 30

It contains 2 million (question, answer) pairs per module, with questions limited to 160 characters in length, and answers to 30 characters in length. Note the training data for each question type is split into "train-easy", "train-medium", and "train-hard". This allows training models via a curriculum. The data can also be mixed together uniformly from these training datasets to obtain the results reported in the paper. Categories:

• algebra (linear equations, polynomial roots, sequences)
• arithmetic (pairwise operations and mixed expressions, surds)
• calculus (differentiation)
• comparison (closest numbers, pairwise comparisons, sorting)
• measurement (conversion, working with time)
• numbers (base conversion, remainders, common divisors and multiples, primality, place value, rounding numbers)
• polynomials (addition, simplification, composition, evaluating, expansion)
• probability (sampling without replacement)

Raw radio tracking data used to determine the precise distance to Venus (and improve knowledge of the Astronomical Unit) from the Galileo flyby on 10 February 1990.

File name definitions:

'...v_50_175_250_300...' - dataset for velocity ranges [50, 175] + [250, 300] m/s

'...v_175_250...' - dataset for velocity range [175, 250] m/s

'ANNdevelop...' - used to perform 9 parametric sub-analyses where, in each one, many ANNs are developed (trained, validated and tested) and the one yielding the best results is selected

'ANNtest...' - used to test the best ANN from each aforementioned parametric sub-analysis, aiming to find the best ANN model; this dataset includes the 'ANNdevelop...' counterpart

Where to find the input (independent) and target (dependent) variable values for each dataset/excel ?

input values in 'IN' sheet

target values in 'TARGET' sheet

Where to find the results from the best ANN model (for each target/output variable and each velocity range)?

open the corresponding excel file and the expected (target) vs ANN (output) results are written in 'TARGET vs OUTPUT' sheet

Check reference below (to be added when the paper is published)

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328849817_11_Neural_Networks_-_Max_Disp_-_Railway_Beams

Dataset Description for Filtered Sigma Dolphin Dataset

Overview

This dataset is a cleaned and filtered version of the Sigma Dolphin dataset (https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/saurabhshahane/sigmadolphin), designed to aid in solving maths word problems using AI techniques. This was used as an effort towards taking part in the AI Mathematical Olympiad - Progress Prize 1 (https://www.kaggle.com/competitions/ai-mathematical-olympiad-prize/overview). The dataset was processed using TF-IDF vectorisation and K-means clustering, specifically targeting questions relevant to the AIME (American Invitational Mathematics Examination) and AMC 12 (American Mathematics Competitions).

Context

The Sigma Dolphin dataset is a project initiated by Microsoft Research Asia, aimed at building an intelligent system with natural language understanding and reasoning capacities to automatically solve maths word problems written in natural language. This project began in early 2013, and the dataset includes maths word problems from various sources, including community question-answering sites like Yahoo! Answers.

Source and Original Dataset Details

• Original Dataset: Sigma Dolphin (https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/saurabhshahane/sigmadolphin)
• Original Source: https://msropendata.com/datasets/f0e63bb3-717a-4a53-aa79-da339b0d7992
• Project Page: http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/dolphin/
• References:
  • Shuming Shi, et al. "Automatically Solving Number Word Problems by Semantic Parsing and Reasoning." EMNLP 2015.
  • Danqing Huang, et al. "How Well Do Computers Solve Math Word Problems? Large-Scale Dataset Construction and Evaluation." ACL 2016.
  • JSON: http://json.org/

Content

The filtered dataset includes problems that are relevant for preparing for maths competitions such as AIME and AMC. The data is structured to facilitate the training and evaluation of AI models aimed at solving these types of problems.

Datasets:

There are several filtered versions of the dataset based on different similarity thresholds (0.3 and 0.5). These thresholds were used to determine the relevance of problems from the original Sigma Dolphin dataset to the AIME and AMC problems.

1. Number Word Problems Filtered at 0.3 Threshold:

   • File: number_word_test_filtered_0.3_Threshold.csv
   • Description: Contains problems filtered with a similarity threshold of 0.3, ensuring moderate relevance to AIME and AMC 12 problems.

2. Number Word Problems Filtered at 0.5 Threshold:

   • File: number_word_std.test_filtered_0.5_Threshold.csv
   • Description: Contains problems filtered with a higher similarity threshold of 0.5, ensuring higher relevance to AIME and AMC 12 problems.

3. Filtered Number Word Problems 2 at 0.3 Threshold:

   • File: filtered_number_word_problems2_Threshold.csv
   • Description: Another set of problems filtered at a 0.3 similarity threshold.

4. Filtered Number Word Problems 2 at 0.5 Threshold:

   • File: filtered_number_word_problems_Threshold.csv
   • Description: Another set of problems filtered at a 0.5 similarity threshold.

Why Different Similarity Thresholds?

Different similarity thresholds (0.3 and 0.5) are used to provide flexibility in selecting problems based on their relevance to AIME and AMC problems. A lower threshold (0.3) includes a broader range of problems, ensuring a diverse set of questions, while a higher threshold (0.5) focuses on problems with stronger relevance, offering a more targeted and precise dataset. This allows users to choose the level of specificity that best fits their needs.

For a detailed explanation of the preprocessing and filtering process, please refer to the Sigma Dolphin Filtered & Cleaned Notebook.

Acknowledgements

We extend our gratitude to all the original authors of the Sigma Dolphin dataset and the creators of the AIME and AMC problems. This project leverages the work of numerous researchers and datasets to build a comprehensive resource for AI-based problem solving in mathematics.

Usage

This dataset is intended for research and educational purposes. It can be used to train AI models for natural language processing and problem-solving tasks, specifically targeting maths word problems in competitive environments like AIME and AMC.

Licensing

This dataset is shared under the Computational Use of Data Agreement v1.0.

This description provides an extensive overview of the dataset, its sources, contents, and usage. If any specific details or additional sections are needed, please let me know!

Description of the Credit Card Eligibility Data: Determining Factors

The Credit Card Eligibility Dataset: Determining Factors is a comprehensive collection of variables aimed at understanding the factors that influence an individual's eligibility for a credit card. This dataset encompasses a wide range of demographic, financial, and personal attributes that are commonly considered by financial institutions when assessing an individual's suitability for credit.

Each row in the dataset represents a unique individual, identified by a unique ID, with associated attributes ranging from basic demographic information such as gender and age, to financial indicators like total income and employment status. Additionally, the dataset includes variables related to familial status, housing, education, and occupation, providing a holistic view of the individual's background and circumstances.

Researchers, analysts, and financial institutions can leverage this dataset to gain insights into the key factors influencing credit card eligibility and to develop predictive models that assist in automating the credit assessment process. By understanding the relationship between various attributes and credit card eligibility, stakeholders can make more informed decisions, improve risk assessment strategies, and enhance customer targeting and segmentation efforts.

This dataset is valuable for a wide range of applications within the financial industry, including credit risk management, customer relationship management, and marketing analytics. Furthermore, it provides a valuable resource for academic research and educational purposes, enabling students and researchers to explore the intricate dynamics of credit card eligibility determination.

The “Fused Image dataset for convolutional neural Network-based crack Detection” (FIND) is a large-scale image dataset with pixel-level ground truth crack data for deep learning-based crack segmentation analysis. It features four types of image data including raw intensity image, raw range (i.e., elevation) image, filtered range image, and fused raw image. The FIND dataset consists of 2500 image patches (dimension: 256x256 pixels) and their ground truth crack maps for each of the four data types.

The images contained in this dataset were collected from multiple bridge decks and roadways under real-world conditions. A laser scanning device was adopted for data acquisition such that the captured raw intensity and raw range images have pixel-to-pixel location correspondence (i.e., spatial co-registration feature). The filtered range data were generated by applying frequency domain filtering to eliminate image disturbances (e.g., surface variations, and grooved patterns) from the raw range data [1]. The fused image data were obtained by combining the raw range and raw intensity data to achieve cross-domain feature correlation [2,3]. Please refer to [4] for a comprehensive benchmark study performed using the FIND dataset to investigate the impact from different types of image data on deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) performance.

If you share or use this dataset, please cite [4] and [5] in any relevant documentation.

In addition, an image dataset for crack classification has also been published at [6].

References:

[1] Shanglian Zhou, & Wei Song. (2020). Robust Image-Based Surface Crack Detection Using Range Data. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 34(2), 04019054. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000873

[2] Shanglian Zhou, & Wei Song. (2021). Crack segmentation through deep convolutional neural networks and heterogeneous image fusion. Automation in Construction, 125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103605

[3] Shanglian Zhou, & Wei Song. (2020). Deep learning–based roadway crack classification with heterogeneous image data fusion. Structural Health Monitoring, 20(3), 1274-1293. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921720948434

[4] Shanglian Zhou, Carlos Canchila, & Wei Song. (2023). Deep learning-based crack segmentation for civil infrastructure: data types, architectures, and benchmarked performance. Automation in Construction, 146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104678

[5] (This dataset) Shanglian Zhou, Carlos Canchila, & Wei Song. (2022). Fused Image dataset for convolutional neural Network-based crack Detection (FIND) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6383044

[6] Wei Song, & Shanglian Zhou. (2020). Laser-scanned roadway range image dataset (LRRD). Laser-scanned Range Image Dataset from Asphalt and Concrete Roadways for DCNN-based Crack Classification, DesignSafe-CI. https://doi.org/10.17603/ds2-bzv3-nc78

This dataset contains three archives. The first archive, full_dataset.zip, contains geometries and free energies for nearly 44,000 solute molecules with almost 9 million conformers, in 42 different solvents. The geometries and gas phase free energies are computed using density functional theory (DFT). The solvation free energy for each conformer is computed using COSMO-RS and the solution free energies are computed using the sum of the gas phase free energies and the solvation free energies. The geometries for each solute conformer are provided as ASE_atoms_objects within a pandas DataFrame, found in the compressed file dft coords.pkl.gz within full_dataset.zip. The gas-phase energies, solvation free energies, and solution free energies are also provided as a pandas DataFrame in the compressed file free_energy.pkl.gz within full_dataset.zip. Ten example data splits for both random and scaffold split types are also provided in the ZIP archive for training models. Scaffold split index 0 is used to generate results in the corresponding publication. The second archive, refined_conf_search.zip, contains geometries and free energies for a representative sample of 28 solute molecules from the full dataset that were subject to a refined conformer search and thus had more conformers located. The format of the data is identical to full_dataset.zip. The third archive contains one folder for each solvent for which we have provided free energies in full_dataset.zip. Each folder contains the .cosmo file for every solvent conformer used in the COSMOtherm calculations, a dummy input file for the COSMOtherm calculations, and a CSV file that contains the electronic energy of each solvent conformer that needs to be substituted for "EH_Line" in the dummy input file.

The project lead for the collection of this data was Carrington Hilson. Elk (9 adult females) were captured and equipped with GPS collars (Lotek Iridium) transmitting data from 2023-2024. The Potter-Redwood Valley herd does not migrate between traditional summer and winter seasonal ranges. Therefore, annual home ranges were modeled using year-round data to demarcate high use areas in lieu of modeling the specific winter ranges commonly seen in other ungulate analyses in California. GPS locations were fixed at 6.5 hour intervals in the dataset. To improve the quality of the data set, all points with DOP values greater than 5 and those points visually assessed as a bad fix by the analyst were removed. The methodology used for this migration analysis allowed for the mapping of the herd's home range. Brownian bridge movement models (BBMMs; Sawyer et al. 2009) were constructed with GPS collar data from 8 elk, including 15 annual home range sequences, location, date, time, and average location error as inputs in Migration Mapper. BBMMs were produced at a spatial resolution of 50 m using a sequential fix interval of less than 27 hours and a fixed motion variance of 1000. Home range is visualized as the 50th percentile contour (high use) and the 99th percentile contour of the year-round utilization distribution. Home range designations for this herd may expand with a larger sample.

Sample sizes vary between subsets; 16 and 10 fixes per hour, n = 9; 12 and 6 fixes per hour, n = 23; 4 fixes per hour, n = 32; 3 days, n = 64; 6 days, n = 32.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of South Range by gender, including both male and female populations. This dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of South Range across both sexes and to determine which sex constitutes the majority.

Key observations

There is a slight majority of male population, with 52.64% of total population being male. Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Scope of gender :

Please note that American Community Survey asks a question about the respondents current sex, but not about gender, sexual orientation, or sex at birth. The question is intended to capture data for biological sex, not gender. Respondents are supposed to respond with the answer as either of Male or Female. Our research and this dataset mirrors the data reported as Male and Female for gender distribution analysis. No further analysis is done on the data reported from the Census Bureau.

Variables / Data Columns

• Gender: This column displays the Gender (Male / Female)
• Population: The population of the gender in the South Range is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each gender as a proportion of South Range total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for South Range Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

📜 About this Dataset

This dataset contains the full Collatz sequences and associated statistical metrics for all integers from 1 to 20,000,000. It has been carefully generated and structured to support mathematical research, data analysis, and machine learning experimentation on this famous unsolved problem.

The dataset is split into multiple .parquet files, each covering 1 million numbers, to allow efficient loading and processing. It is ideal for use in time series modeling, integer sequence analysis, or algorithmic exploration of iterative processes.

Key Features:

• Complete Collatz Sequences for 20 million integers
• Statistical summaries for each number:
  • Length of the sequence
  • Maximum value reached
  • Time to reach 1 (stop time)
  • Even/Odd ratio
  • Total sum of the sequence
• Optimized storage format (parquet with snappy compression)
• Clean naming convention for easy integration

Why this matters:

The Collatz Conjecture remains one of the simplest unsolved problems in mathematics, and this dataset enables scalable, empirical investigation over a large numerical range. It is particularly useful for: - Researchers exploring patterns or heuristics in sequence dynamics - Data scientists interested in feature extraction or predictive modeling - Educators looking for clean datasets to teach recursive algorithms and data pipelines

🔍 What we did:

In addition to providing raw sequences and metrics, we conducted a large-scale coverage analysis of the Collatz dynamics.
For each integer range [1, x], we computed:

• The number of integers within [1, x] never generated by any Collatz sequence starting from 1 to x (excluding the seeds themselves).
• The number of integers strictly greater than x that were generated as a byproduct of these same sequences.

This analysis revealed two striking patterns: - A significant and steadily growing number of integers in [1, x] are never reached, even when all x seeds are considered. - Conversely, the number of integers generated beyond x increases rapidly, often exceeding the initial range.

These results suggest that Collatz sequences, while converging to 1, expand far beyond their starting interval and do not uniformly explore the space [1, x] — hinting at an underlying structure worth investigating.

🚀 Next research directions:

This dataset and its coverage extension open up many avenues for exploration: - Analyze the proportion of missing values over larger intervals: does it stabilize, grow linearly, or oscillate? - Study the structure of unreachable integers: are there arithmetic patterns, density clusters, or forbidden residue classes? - Model the overshoot effect: how far do sequences typically escape beyond their seeds, and what governs that behavior? - Compare empirical patterns with theoretical predictions from probabilistic Collatz models. - Use machine learning to predict missing values or to classify sequence behaviors based on their metrics. - Visualize the growth trees or inverse paths of generated numbers to uncover propagation patterns.

This dataset comprises curated mathematical problems and their answers sourced from prestigious competitions such as the American Invitational Mathematics Examination (AIME) and the** International Mathematical Olympiad** (IMO). Designed to challenge both human and machine intelligence, these problems cover a wide range of mathematical disciplines, including algebra, geometry, number theory, and combinatorics.

The dataset is structured for use in validating and benchmarking large language models (LLMs), assessing their problem-solving abilities, reasoning, and logical inference skills.

Welcome to the Spanish Chain of Thought prompt-response dataset, a meticulously curated collection containing 3000 comprehensive prompt and response pairs. This dataset is an invaluable resource for training Language Models (LMs) to generate well-reasoned answers and minimize inaccuracies. Its primary utility lies in enhancing LLMs' reasoning skills for solving arithmetic, common sense, symbolic reasoning, and complex problems.

Dataset Content

This COT dataset comprises a diverse set of instructions and questions paired with corresponding answers and rationales in the Spanish language. These prompts and completions cover a broad range of topics and questions, including mathematical concepts, common sense reasoning, complex problem-solving, scientific inquiries, puzzles, and more.

Each prompt is meticulously accompanied by a response and rationale, providing essential information and insights to enhance the language model training process. These prompts, completions, and rationales were manually curated by native Spanish people, drawing references from various sources, including open-source datasets, news articles, websites, and other reliable references.

Our chain-of-thought prompt-completion dataset includes various prompt types, such as instructional prompts, continuations, and in-context learning (zero-shot, few-shot) prompts. Additionally, the dataset contains prompts and completions enriched with various forms of rich text, such as lists, tables, code snippets, JSON, and more, with proper markdown format.

Prompt Diversity

To ensure a wide-ranging dataset, we have included prompts from a plethora of topics related to mathematics, common sense reasoning, and symbolic reasoning. These topics encompass arithmetic, percentages, ratios, geometry, analogies, spatial reasoning, temporal reasoning, logic puzzles, patterns, and sequences, among others.

These prompts vary in complexity, spanning easy, medium, and hard levels. Various question types are included, such as multiple-choice, direct queries, and true/false assessments.

Response Formats

To accommodate diverse learning experiences, our dataset incorporates different types of answers depending on the prompt and provides step-by-step rationales. The detailed rationale aids the language model in building reasoning process for complex questions.

These responses encompass text strings, numerical values, and date and time formats, enhancing the language model's ability to generate reliable, coherent, and contextually appropriate answers.

Data Format and Annotation Details

This fully labeled Spanish Chain of Thought Prompt Completion Dataset is available in JSON and CSV formats. It includes annotation details such as a unique ID, prompt, prompt type, prompt complexity, prompt category, domain, response, rationale, response type, and rich text presence.

Quality and Accuracy

Our dataset upholds the highest standards of quality and accuracy. Each prompt undergoes meticulous validation, and the corresponding responses and rationales are thoroughly verified. We prioritize inclusivity, ensuring that the dataset incorporates prompts and completions representing diverse perspectives and writing styles, maintaining an unbiased and discrimination-free stance.

The Spanish version is grammatically accurate without any spelling or grammatical errors. No copyrighted, toxic, or harmful content is used during the construction of this dataset.

Continuous Updates and Customization

The entire dataset was prepared with the assistance of human curators from the FutureBeeAI crowd community. Ongoing efforts are made to add more assets to this dataset, ensuring its growth and relevance. Additionally, FutureBeeAI offers the ability to gather custom chain of thought prompt completion data tailored to specific needs, providing flexibility and customization options.

License

The dataset, created by FutureBeeAI, is now available for commercial use. Researchers, data scientists, and developers can leverage this fully labeled and ready-to-deploy Spanish Chain of Thought Prompt Completion Dataset to enhance the rationale and accurate response generation capabilities of their generative AI models and explore new approaches to NLP tasks.

GLAH05 Level-1B waveform parameterization data include output parameters from the waveform characterization procedure and other parameters required to calculate surface slope and relief characteristics. GLAH05 contains parameterizations of both the transmitted and received pulses and other characteristics from which elevation and footprint-scale roughness and slope are calculated. The received pulse characterization uses two implementations of the retracking algorithms: one tuned for ice sheets, called the standard parameterization, used to calculate surface elevation for ice sheets, oceans, and sea ice; and another for land (the alternative parameterization). Each data granule has an associated browse product.

Study information

The sample included in this dataset represents five children who participated in a number line intervention study. Originally six children were included in the study, but one of them fulfilled the criterion for exclusion after missing several consecutive sessions. Thus, their data is not included in the dataset.

All participants were currently attending Year 1 of primary school at an independent school in New South Wales, Australia. For children to be able to eligible to participate they had to present with low mathematics achievement by performing at or below the 25th percentile in the Maths Problem Solving and/or Numerical Operations subtests from the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test III (WIAT III A & NZ, Wechsler, 2016). Participants were excluded from participating if, as reported by their parents, they have any other diagnosed disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, developmental language disorder, cerebral palsy or uncorrected sensory disorders.

The study followed a multiple baseline case series design, with a baseline phase, a treatment phase, and a post-treatment phase. The baseline phase varied between two and three measurement points, the treatment phase varied between four and seven measurement points, and all participants had 1 post-treatment measurement point.

The number of measurement points were distributed across participants as follows:

Participant 1 – 3 baseline, 6 treatment, 1 post-treatment

Participant 3 – 2 baseline, 7 treatment, 1 post-treatment

Participant 5 – 2 baseline, 5 treatment, 1 post-treatment

Participant 6 – 3 baseline, 4 treatment, 1 post-treatment

Participant 7 – 2 baseline, 5 treatment, 1 post-treatment

In each session across all three phases children were assessed in their performance on a number line estimation task, a single-digit computation task, a multi-digit computation task, a dot comparison task and a number comparison task. Furthermore, during the treatment phase, all children completed the intervention task after these assessments. The order of the assessment tasks varied randomly between sessions.

Measures

Number Line Estimation. Children completed a computerised bounded number line task (0-100). The number line is presented in the middle of the screen, and the target number is presented above the start point of the number line to avoid signalling the midpoint (Dackermann et al., 2018). Target numbers included two non-overlapping sets (trained and untrained) of 30 items each. Untrained items were assessed on all phases of the study. Trained items were assessed independent of the intervention during baseline and post-treatment phases, and performance on the intervention is used to index performance on the trained set during the treatment phase. Within each set, numbers were equally distributed throughout the number range, with three items within each ten (0-10, 11-20, 21-30, etc.). Target numbers were presented in random order. Participants did not receive performance-based feedback. Accuracy is indexed by percent absolute error (PAE) [(number estimated - target number)/ scale of number line] x100.

Single-Digit Computation. The task included ten additions with single-digit addends (1-9) and single-digit results (2-9). The order was counterbalanced so that half of the additions present the lowest addend first (e.g., 3 + 5) and half of the additions present the highest addend first (e.g., 6 + 3). This task also included ten subtractions with single-digit minuends (3-9), subtrahends (1-6) and differences (1-6). The items were presented horizontally on the screen accompanied by a sound and participants were required to give a verbal response. Participants did not receive performance-based feedback. Performance on this task was indexed by item-based accuracy.

Multi-digit computational estimation. The task included eight additions and eight subtractions presented with double-digit numbers and three response options. None of the response options represent the correct result. Participants were asked to select the option that was closest to the correct result. In half of the items the calculation involved two double-digit numbers, and in the other half one double and one single digit number. The distance between the correct response option and the exact result of the calculation was two for half of the trials and three for the other half. The calculation was presented vertically on the screen with the three options shown below. The calculations remained on the screen until participants responded by clicking on one of the options on the screen. Participants did not receive performance-based feedback. Performance on this task is measured by item-based accuracy.

Dot Comparison and Number Comparison. Both tasks included the same 20 items, which were presented twice, counterbalancing left and right presentation. Magnitudes to be compared were between 5 and 99, with four items for each of the following ratios: .91, .83, .77, .71, .67. Both quantities were presented horizontally side by side, and participants were instructed to press one of two keys (F or J), as quickly as possible, to indicate the largest one. Items were presented in random order and participants did not receive performance-based feedback. In the non-symbolic comparison task (dot comparison) the two sets of dots remained on the screen for a maximum of two seconds (to prevent counting). Overall area and convex hull for both sets of dots is kept constant following Guillaume et al. (2020). In the symbolic comparison task (Arabic numbers), the numbers remained on the screen until a response was given. Performance on both tasks was indexed by accuracy.

The Number Line Intervention

During the intervention sessions, participants estimated the position of 30 Arabic numbers in a 0-100 bounded number line. As a form of feedback, within each item, the participants’ estimate remained visible, and the correct position of the target number appeared on the number line. When the estimate’s PAE was lower than 2.5, a message appeared on the screen that read “Excellent job”, when PAE was between 2.5 and 5 the message read “Well done, so close! and when PAE was higher than 5 the message read “Good try!” Numbers were presented in random order.

Variables in the dataset

Age = age in ‘years, months’ at the start of the study

Sex = female/male/non-binary or third gender/prefer not to say (as reported by parents)

Math_Problem_Solving_raw = Raw score on the Math Problem Solving subtest from the WIAT III (WIAT III A & NZ, Wechsler, 2016).

Math_Problem_Solving_Percentile = Percentile equivalent on the Math Problem Solving subtest from the WIAT III (WIAT III A & NZ, Wechsler, 2016).

Num_Ops_Raw = Raw score on the Numerical Operations subtest from the WIAT III (WIAT III A & NZ, Wechsler, 2016).

Math_Problem_Solving_Percentile = Percentile equivalent on the Numerical Operations subtest from the WIAT III (WIAT III A & NZ, Wechsler, 2016).

The remaining variables refer to participants’ performance on the study tasks. Each variable name is composed by three sections. The first one refers to the phase and session. For example, Base1 refers to the first measurement point of the baseline phase, Treat1 to the first measurement point on the treatment phase, and post1 to the first measurement point on the post-treatment phase.

The second part of the variable name refers to the task, as follows:

DC = dot comparison

SDC = single-digit computation

NLE_UT = number line estimation (untrained set)

NLE_T= number line estimation (trained set)

CE = multidigit computational estimation

NC = number comparison

The final part of the variable name refers to the type of measure being used (i.e., acc = total correct responses and pae = percent absolute error).

Thus, variable Base2_NC_acc corresponds to accuracy on the number comparison task during the second measurement point of the baseline phase and Treat3_NLE_UT_pae refers to the percent absolute error on the untrained set of the number line task during the third session of the Treatment phase.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of Grass Range by gender, including both male and female populations. This dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Grass Range across both sexes and to determine which sex constitutes the majority.

Key observations

There is a considerable majority of female population, with 71.13% of total population being female. Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Scope of gender :

Please note that American Community Survey asks a question about the respondents current sex, but not about gender, sexual orientation, or sex at birth. The question is intended to capture data for biological sex, not gender. Respondents are supposed to respond with the answer as either of Male or Female. Our research and this dataset mirrors the data reported as Male and Female for gender distribution analysis. No further analysis is done on the data reported from the Census Bureau.

Variables / Data Columns

• Gender: This column displays the Gender (Male / Female)
• Population: The population of the gender in the Grass Range is shown in this column.
• % of Total Population: This column displays the percentage distribution of each gender as a proportion of Grass Range total population. Please note that the sum of all percentages may not equal one due to rounding of values.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Grass Range Population by Race & Ethnicity. You can refer the same here

Welcome to the Bahasa Chain of Thought prompt-response dataset, a meticulously curated collection containing 3000 comprehensive prompt and response pairs. This dataset is an invaluable resource for training Language Models (LMs) to generate well-reasoned answers and minimize inaccuracies. Its primary utility lies in enhancing LLMs' reasoning skills for solving arithmetic, common sense, symbolic reasoning, and complex problems.

Dataset Content

This COT dataset comprises a diverse set of instructions and questions paired with corresponding answers and rationales in the Bahasa language. These prompts and completions cover a broad range of topics and questions, including mathematical concepts, common sense reasoning, complex problem-solving, scientific inquiries, puzzles, and more.

Each prompt is meticulously accompanied by a response and rationale, providing essential information and insights to enhance the language model training process. These prompts, completions, and rationales were manually curated by native Bahasa people, drawing references from various sources, including open-source datasets, news articles, websites, and other reliable references.

Our chain-of-thought prompt-completion dataset includes various prompt types, such as instructional prompts, continuations, and in-context learning (zero-shot, few-shot) prompts. Additionally, the dataset contains prompts and completions enriched with various forms of rich text, such as lists, tables, code snippets, JSON, and more, with proper markdown format.

Prompt Diversity

To ensure a wide-ranging dataset, we have included prompts from a plethora of topics related to mathematics, common sense reasoning, and symbolic reasoning. These topics encompass arithmetic, percentages, ratios, geometry, analogies, spatial reasoning, temporal reasoning, logic puzzles, patterns, and sequences, among others.

These prompts vary in complexity, spanning easy, medium, and hard levels. Various question types are included, such as multiple-choice, direct queries, and true/false assessments.

Response Formats

To accommodate diverse learning experiences, our dataset incorporates different types of answers depending on the prompt and provides step-by-step rationales. The detailed rationale aids the language model in building reasoning process for complex questions.

These responses encompass text strings, numerical values, and date and time formats, enhancing the language model's ability to generate reliable, coherent, and contextually appropriate answers.

Data Format and Annotation Details

This fully labeled Bahasa Chain of Thought Prompt Completion Dataset is available in JSON and CSV formats. It includes annotation details such as a unique ID, prompt, prompt type, prompt complexity, prompt category, domain, response, rationale, response type, and rich text presence.

Quality and Accuracy

Our dataset upholds the highest standards of quality and accuracy. Each prompt undergoes meticulous validation, and the corresponding responses and rationales are thoroughly verified. We prioritize inclusivity, ensuring that the dataset incorporates prompts and completions representing diverse perspectives and writing styles, maintaining an unbiased and discrimination-free stance.

The Bahasa version is grammatically accurate without any spelling or grammatical errors. No copyrighted, toxic, or harmful content is used during the construction of this dataset.

Continuous Updates and Customization

The entire dataset was prepared with the assistance of human curators from the FutureBeeAI crowd community. Ongoing efforts are made to add more assets to this dataset, ensuring its growth and relevance. Additionally, FutureBeeAI offers the ability to gather custom chain of thought prompt completion data tailored to specific needs, providing flexibility and customization options.

License

The dataset, created by FutureBeeAI, is now available for commercial use. Researchers, data scientists, and developers can leverage this fully labeled and ready-to-deploy Bahasa Chain of Thought Prompt Completion Dataset to enhance the rationale and accurate response generation capabilities of their generative AI models and explore new approaches to NLP tasks.

Welcome to the Filipino Chain of Thought prompt-response dataset, a meticulously curated collection containing 3000 comprehensive prompt and response pairs. This dataset is an invaluable resource for training Language Models (LMs) to generate well-reasoned answers and minimize inaccuracies. Its primary utility lies in enhancing LLMs' reasoning skills for solving arithmetic, common sense, symbolic reasoning, and complex problems.

Dataset Content

This COT dataset comprises a diverse set of instructions and questions paired with corresponding answers and rationales in the Filipino language. These prompts and completions cover a broad range of topics and questions, including mathematical concepts, common sense reasoning, complex problem-solving, scientific inquiries, puzzles, and more.

Each prompt is meticulously accompanied by a response and rationale, providing essential information and insights to enhance the language model training process. These prompts, completions, and rationales were manually curated by native Filipino people, drawing references from various sources, including open-source datasets, news articles, websites, and other reliable references.

Our chain-of-thought prompt-completion dataset includes various prompt types, such as instructional prompts, continuations, and in-context learning (zero-shot, few-shot) prompts. Additionally, the dataset contains prompts and completions enriched with various forms of rich text, such as lists, tables, code snippets, JSON, and more, with proper markdown format.

Prompt Diversity

To ensure a wide-ranging dataset, we have included prompts from a plethora of topics related to mathematics, common sense reasoning, and symbolic reasoning. These topics encompass arithmetic, percentages, ratios, geometry, analogies, spatial reasoning, temporal reasoning, logic puzzles, patterns, and sequences, among others.

These prompts vary in complexity, spanning easy, medium, and hard levels. Various question types are included, such as multiple-choice, direct queries, and true/false assessments.

Response Formats

To accommodate diverse learning experiences, our dataset incorporates different types of answers depending on the prompt and provides step-by-step rationales. The detailed rationale aids the language model in building reasoning process for complex questions.

These responses encompass text strings, numerical values, and date and time formats, enhancing the language model's ability to generate reliable, coherent, and contextually appropriate answers.

Data Format and Annotation Details

This fully labeled Filipino Chain of Thought Prompt Completion Dataset is available in JSON and CSV formats. It includes annotation details such as a unique ID, prompt, prompt type, prompt complexity, prompt category, domain, response, rationale, response type, and rich text presence.

Quality and Accuracy

Our dataset upholds the highest standards of quality and accuracy. Each prompt undergoes meticulous validation, and the corresponding responses and rationales are thoroughly verified. We prioritize inclusivity, ensuring that the dataset incorporates prompts and completions representing diverse perspectives and writing styles, maintaining an unbiased and discrimination-free stance.

The Filipino version is grammatically accurate without any spelling or grammatical errors. No copyrighted, toxic, or harmful content is used during the construction of this dataset.

Continuous Updates and Customization

The entire dataset was prepared with the assistance of human curators from the FutureBeeAI crowd community. Ongoing efforts are made to add more assets to this dataset, ensuring its growth and relevance. Additionally, FutureBeeAI offers the ability to gather custom chain of thought prompt completion data tailored to specific needs, providing flexibility and customization options.

License

The dataset, created by FutureBeeAI, is now available for commercial use. Researchers, data scientists, and developers can leverage this fully labeled and ready-to-deploy Filipino Chain of Thought Prompt Completion Dataset to enhance the rationale and accurate response generation capabilities of their generative AI models and explore new approaches to NLP tasks.

The project lead for the collection of this data was Erin Zulliger. Elk (5 adult females) were captured and equipped with GPS collars (Litetrack/Pinpoint Iridium collars, Lotek Wireless Inc., Newmarket, Ontario, Canada or Vectronic Aerospace) transmitting data from 2019-2023. The Dixie Valley herd does not migrate between traditional summer and winter seasonal ranges. Therefore, annual home ranges were modeled using year-round data to demarcate high use areas in lieu of modeling the specific winter ranges commonly seen in other ungulate analyses in California. GPS locations were fixed at 1-6 hour intervals in the dataset. To improve the quality of the data set, the GPS data locations fixed in 2D space and visually assessed as a bad fix by the analyst were removed.The methodology used for this migration analysis allowed for the mapping of the herd’s annual range. Brownian bridge movement models (BBMMs; Sawyer et al. 2009) were constructed with GPS collar data from 5 elk, including 15 annual home range sequences, location, date, time, and average location error as inputs in Migration Mapper. BBMMs were produced at a spatial resolution of 50 m using a sequential fix interval of less than 27 hours. Home range is visualized as the 50th percentile contour (high use) and the 99th percentile contour of the year-round utilization distribution. Annual home range designations for this herd may expand with a larger sample.