Explore the spatial patterns of the Human Development Index (HDI) to identify regional pat- terns and causal factors in the data. The GeoInquiry activity is available here.Educational standards addressed:APHG: VI:B2 Analyze spatial patterns of social and economic development – GNI per capita. APHG: VI:B1 Explain social and economic measures of development – HDI, Gender Inequali- ty Index (GII), Total Fertility Rate (TRF).APHG: VI:B6 Social and economic measures of development — Changes in fertilityand mortalityThis map is part of a Human Geography GeoInquiry activity. Learn more about GeoInquiries.

The average for 2023 based on 184 countries was 0.744 points. The highest value was in Iceland: 0.972 points and the lowest value was in South Africa: 0.388 points. The indicator is available from 1980 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Human Development Index by country for 2013. This is a filtered layer based on the "Human Development Index by country, 1980-2010 time-series" layer.The Human Development Index measures achievement in 3 areas of human development: long life, good education and income. Specifically, the index is computed using life expectancy at birth, Mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and gross national income (GNI) per capita (PPP $).The United Nations categorizes the HDI values into 4 groups. In 2013 these groups were defined by the following HDI values:

Very High Human Development: 0.736 and higher High Human Development: 0.615 to 0.735 Medium Human Development: 0.494 to 0.614 Low Human Development: 0.493 and lower

Country shapes from Natural Earth 50M scale data. Human Development Index attributes are from The World Bank: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), UN Statistics Division (2014), World Bank (2014) and IMF (2014).

Dominican Republic: Human Development Index (0 - 1): The latest value from 2023 is 0.776 points, an increase from 0.766 points in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.744 points, based on data from 185 countries. Historically, the average for Dominican Republic from 1980 to 2023 is 0.679 points. The minimum value, 0.527 points, was reached in 1980 while the maximum of 0.776 points was recorded in 2023.

Compared to other African countries, Seychelles scored the highest in the Human Development Index (HDI) in 2022. The country also ranked 67th globally, as one of the countries with a very high human development. This was followed by Mauritius, Libya, Egypt, and Tunisia, with scores ranging from 0.80 to 0.73 points. On the other hand, Central African Republic, South Sudan, and Somalia were among the countries in the region with the lowest index scores, indicating a low level of human development.

This activity uses interactive web maps to visualise and explore the human development index (HDI), crime rates, fertility rates, gender inequality, and economic indicators. The patterns that you see in these web maps will help to shape your understanding of global development patterns and the impact they have on people.Read through the material and answer the questions in yellow.

Romania: Human Development Index (0 - 1): The latest value from 2023 is 0.845 points, an increase from 0.827 points in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.744 points, based on data from 185 countries. Historically, the average for Romania from 1980 to 2023 is 0.757 points. The minimum value, 0.678 points, was reached in 1993 while the maximum of 0.845 points was recorded in 2023.

Students will explore the spatial patterns of the Human Development Index (HDI) to identifyregional patterns and causal factors in the data. The activity uses a web-based map and is tied to the AP Human Geography benchmarks. Learning outcomes: Students will be able to analyze development statistics and see how development correlates with other APHG topics (for example, fertility and mortality).Find more advanced human geography geoinquiries and explore all geoinquiries at http://www.esri.com/geoinquiries

Time series data for the statistic Human development index (HDI) and country Sierra Leone. Indicator Definition:The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of human development. It measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices measuring achievements in each dimension. The HDI is the geometric mean of the three dimension indices and embodies imperfect substitutability across all HDI dimensions. It thus addresses one of the most serious criticisms of the linear aggregation formula, which allowed for perfect substitution across dimensions. Some substitutability is inherent in the definition of any index that increases with the values of its components. Data sources: Life expectancy at birth: UNDESA; Mean years of schooling: Barro and Lee; Expected years of schooling: UNESCO Institute for Statistics; Gross national income (GNI) per capita: World Bank.The indicator "Human development index (HDI)" stands at 0.348 as of 12/31/2011, the highest value at least since 12/31/1990, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 0.578 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 0.578.The 3 year change in percent is 3.57.The 5 year change in percent is 7.74.The Serie's long term average value is 0.309. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 12.73 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2000, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is +42.62%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2011, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 0.0%.

Time series data for the statistic Human development index (HDI) and country Madagascar. Indicator Definition:The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of human development. It measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices measuring achievements in each dimension. The HDI is the geometric mean of the three dimension indices and embodies imperfect substitutability across all HDI dimensions. It thus addresses one of the most serious criticisms of the linear aggregation formula, which allowed for perfect substitution across dimensions. Some substitutability is inherent in the definition of any index that increases with the values of its components. Data sources: Life expectancy at birth: UNDESA; Mean years of schooling: Barro and Lee; Expected years of schooling: UNESCO Institute for Statistics; Gross national income (GNI) per capita: World Bank.The indicator "Human development index (HDI)" stands at 0.483 as of 12/31/2011, the lowest value since 12/31/2008. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes a decrease of -0.2066 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is -0.2066.The 3 year change in percent is -0.6173.The 5 year change in percent is 2.33.The Serie's long term average value is 0.473. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 2.14 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2000, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is +12.85%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2008, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is -0.617%.

Madagascar: Human Development Index (0 - 1): The latest value from 2023 is 0.487 points, unchanged from 0.487 points in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.744 points, based on data from 185 countries. Historically, the average for Madagascar from 2000 to 2023 is 0.496 points. The minimum value, 0.456 points, was reached in 2000 while the maximum of 0.528 points was recorded in 2020.

Time series data for the statistic Human development index (HDI) and country Gambia, The. Indicator Definition:The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of human development. It measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices measuring achievements in each dimension. The HDI is the geometric mean of the three dimension indices and embodies imperfect substitutability across all HDI dimensions. It thus addresses one of the most serious criticisms of the linear aggregation formula, which allowed for perfect substitution across dimensions. Some substitutability is inherent in the definition of any index that increases with the values of its components. Data sources: Life expectancy at birth: UNDESA; Mean years of schooling: Barro and Lee; Expected years of schooling: UNESCO Institute for Statistics; Gross national income (GNI) per capita: World Bank.The indicator "Human development index (HDI)" stands at 0.44 as of 12/31/2011, the highest value at least since 12/31/1990, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 0.6865 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 0.6865.The 3 year change in percent is 3.29.The 5 year change in percent is 16.40.The Serie's long term average value is 0.383. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 14.79 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/1980, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is +57.71%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2011, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 0.0%.

The FGGD degree of human development map is a global vector datalayer at scale 1:5 000 000. The map depicts national statistical data and highlights differences among countries with respect to the human development index for the year 2000. Data are from UNDP, 2002, Human Development Report.

Ireland: Human Development Index (0 - 1): The latest value from 2023 is 0.949 points, a decline from 0.95 points in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.744 points, based on data from 185 countries. Historically, the average for Ireland from 1980 to 2023 is 0.873 points. The minimum value, 0.734 points, was reached in 1980 while the maximum of 0.955 points was recorded in 2020.

Time series data for the statistic Human development index (HDI) and country Zambia. Indicator Definition:The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of human development. It measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices measuring achievements in each dimension. The HDI is the geometric mean of the three dimension indices and embodies imperfect substitutability across all HDI dimensions. It thus addresses one of the most serious criticisms of the linear aggregation formula, which allowed for perfect substitution across dimensions. Some substitutability is inherent in the definition of any index that increases with the values of its components. Data sources: Life expectancy at birth: UNDESA; Mean years of schooling: Barro and Lee; Expected years of schooling: UNESCO Institute for Statistics; Gross national income (GNI) per capita: World Bank.The indicator "Human development index (HDI)" stands at 0.443 as of 12/31/2011, the highest value at least since 12/31/1990, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 1.14 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 1.14.The 3 year change in percent is 5.48.The 5 year change in percent is 9.38.The Serie's long term average value is 0.413. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 7.37 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/2000, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is +17.82%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2011, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 0.0%.

Students will explore the spatial patterns of the Human Development Index (HDI) to identify regional patterns and causal factors in the data. The activity uses a web-based map. Learning outcomes: Students will be able to analyse development statistics and see how development correlates with other topics such as fertility and morality.Other New Zealand GeoInquiry instructional material freely available at https://arcg.is/1GPDXe

Iceland: Human Development Index (0 - 1): The latest value from 2023 is 0.972 points, an increase from 0.959 points in 2022. In comparison, the world average is 0.744 points, based on data from 185 countries. Historically, the average for Iceland from 1980 to 2023 is 0.884 points. The minimum value, 0.754 points, was reached in 1980 while the maximum of 0.972 points was recorded in 2023.

Time series data for the statistic Human development index (HDI) and country Kenya. Indicator Definition:The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of human development. It measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices measuring achievements in each dimension. The HDI is the geometric mean of the three dimension indices and embodies imperfect substitutability across all HDI dimensions. It thus addresses one of the most serious criticisms of the linear aggregation formula, which allowed for perfect substitution across dimensions. Some substitutability is inherent in the definition of any index that increases with the values of its components. Data sources: Life expectancy at birth: UNDESA; Mean years of schooling: Barro and Lee; Expected years of schooling: UNESCO Institute for Statistics; Gross national income (GNI) per capita: World Bank.The indicator "Human development index (HDI)" stands at 0.515 as of 12/31/2011, the highest value at least since 12/31/1990, the period currently displayed. Regarding the One-Year-Change of the series, the current value constitutes an increase of 0.7828 percent compared to the value the year prior.The 1 year change in percent is 0.7828.The 3 year change in percent is 4.04.The 5 year change in percent is 7.29.The Serie's long term average value is 0.48. It's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 7.22 percent higher, compared to it's long term average value.The Serie's change in percent from it's minimum value, on 12/31/1980, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is +21.46%.The Serie's change in percent from it's maximum value, on 12/31/2011, to it's latest available value, on 12/31/2011, is 0.0%.

Time series data for the statistic Human development index (HDI) and country Eritrea. Indicator Definition:The Human Development Index (HDI) is a summary measure of human development. It measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human development: a long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HDI is the geometric mean of normalized indices measuring achievements in each dimension. The HDI is the geometric mean of the three dimension indices and embodies imperfect substitutability across all HDI dimensions. It thus addresses one of the most serious criticisms of the linear aggregation formula, which allowed for perfect substitution across dimensions. Some substitutability is inherent in the definition of any index that increases with the values of its components. Data sources: Life expectancy at birth: UNDESA; Mean years of schooling: Barro and Lee; Expected years of schooling: UNESCO Institute for Statistics; Gross national income (GNI) per capita: World Bank.

Countries from Natural Earth 50M scale data with a Human Development Index attribute for each of the following years: 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2013, 2015, & 2017. The Human Development Index measures achievement in 3 areas of human development: long life, good education and income. Specifically, the index is computed using life expectancy at birth, Mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and gross national income (GNI) per capita (PPP $). The United Nations categorizes the HDI values into 4 groups. In 2013 these groups were defined by the following HDI values: Very High: 0.736 and higher High: 0.615 to 0.735 Medium: 0.494 to 0.614 Low: 0.493 and lower

In 2015 & 2017 these groups were defined by the following HDI values: Very High: 0.800 and higher High: 0.700 to 0.799 Medium: 0.550 to 0.699 Low: 0.549 and lower

Human Development Index attributes are from The World Bank: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2013a), Barro and Lee (2013), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), UN Statistics Division(2014), World Bank (2014) and IMF (2014). 2015 & 2017 values source: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2017a), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018), United Nations Statistics Division (2018b), World Bank (2018b), Barro and Lee (2016) and IMF (2018).

Population data are from (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.