Police-reported organized crime, by most serious violation (homicide and attempted murder, assault, sexual violations, kidnapping and hostage taking, human trafficking, robbery and theft, firearm and weapons violations, extortion and criminal harassment, arson, forgery and fraud, child pornography, criminal organization involvement, probation and court violations, drug possession and trafficking, and other violations), Canada (selected police services), 2016 to 2023.

As part of the National Strategy to Combat Human Trafficking (2019-2024), this report provides an update on the most current strategies used by investigators in the field and is intended to improve the overall responses of law enforcement agencies to this national priority. This report also aims to identify promising practices that have arisen in working with victims of sexual exploitation-related human trafficking in Canada. The project consists of a literature review and semi-structured interviews with 31 law enforcement agents and specialists from across Canada. The first portion of this report discusses the literature on the relationship between perpetrator and victim, the psychological effects of trauma, building rapport with victims, de-escalation techniques, and policing in a diverse society. The second portion focuses on the results of the semi-structured interviews that focussed on investigative techniques, the differences between human trafficking investigations and other types of criminal investigations, response protocols and emerging trends.

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed. In this study, researchers used capture-recapture sampling and multiple data sources to gauge the impact of drug trafficking in Quebec, Canada on the United States drug market. The main analyses were based on arrest data that were obtained for Quebec. In addition, analysis of the chemical composition and price assessments of the Quebec synthetic drugs was done. The study includes one SPSS data file (Quebec Arrest Data (Synthetic Drugs Cases, September 2014; n=20261)-ICPSR.sav ; n=20,261 ; 13 variables) and one Excel data file (Chemical composition of seized synthetic drugs.xls ; n=365 ; 14 variables). Spatial analyses of border seizure data was performed by the researchers, but these data are not available at this time. The data used for these analyses concerned synthetic drug seizures at Canadian borders from 2007 to 2012. The dataset was provided by the Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA). For each seizure, the specific border crossing where the seizure was made was provided, as well as the value of the seizure (except for precursors), the country of origin and the type of drug seized. The types of drugs were classified into five types: (1) Precursors, (2) MDMA, (3) Amphetamine, (4) Methamphetamine and (5) Others. Most of the seizures (86.6 percent) were classified in this last category. The country of origin of the seizure was also provided.

The Department of Justice Canada has contracted community-based research to better understand the lives of individuals involved in the sex trade. The former 2014 legislation, Bill C-36, the Protection of Communities and Exploited Persons Act, also known as the “Nordic” model or approach, targets purchasers of sexual services and third parties who profit from others’ sexual services. Under this legislation, providers of sexual services are not criminalized, but are instead viewed as requiring support and not punishment (Department of Justice Canada 2014). With this important distinction at the forefront of this approach, the Measures Addressing Prostitution Initiative (MAPI) was created to aid sexual service providers to exit the sex trade. This program received multi-year funding from 2015-2016 to 2020-2021. A major aspect of this initiative was to provide funding to organizations within the not-for-profit sector to support individuals within the sex trade with wrap-around services, such as housing, healthcare, therapy, addictions treatment, family reunification, and life skills programs. The 2022 publication of A Review of the Measures to Address Prostitution Initiative (MAPI) (Badets and Wichmann 2022) was based on data collected by the thirteen (13) organizations that provided support services. The data collected included basic demographics, services used, and some outcomes. While the report provides some information on people seeking support from these organizations, there remains a lack of qualitative data about the lives of sexual service providers. Voice Found was one of the thirteen (13) organizations that received funding from MAPI; and this charity has a mandate to provide services to those who are at risk of, who have been, or who are being trafficked. This includes both sex and labour trafficking, but for the scope of this research, only survivors of sex trafficking were included. The data collected by Voice Found provides many insights into the lives of their clients at the time of first being trafficked, during trafficking, their experiences as they exited, and what has helped or may have helped them through this time. The intention of this project was to provide a more complete picture of the why and how of both entering and exiting sex trafficking.

This statistic shows the total number of drug-trafficking, production, or distribution offenses in Canada from 2000 to 2023. There were 20,203 drug trafficking, production, or distribution offenses nationwide in Canada in 2023.

The objective of the Adult Criminal Court Survey (ACCS) is to develop and maintain a database of statistical information on appearances, charges, and cases in adult criminal courts. The survey is intended to be a census of federal statute charges heard in provincial and superior criminal courts in Canada. It includes information on the age and sex of the accused, case decision patterns, sentencing information regarding the length of prison and probation, and amount of fine, as well as case-processing data such as case elapsed time. These data on federal statute charges heard in adult criminal courts in the reference period are collected by the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics (CCJS) in collaboration with provincial and territorial government departments responsible for adult criminal courts. The data are collected to respond to the needs of the provincial/territorial and federal departments of justice and attorneys-general, researchers and policy analysts, academics and the media, as well as to inform the public how adults are dealt with by adult provincial/territorial criminal courts in Canada. The ACCS has been replaced by the Integrated Criminal Court Survey (ICCS).

Many incidents identified as human trafficking by police are not processed as such in courts. Other Canadian research suggests that charges of human trafficking may not be pursued as such once they come before the courts. Criminal court cases involving human trafficking, on average, involved more charges, took longer to complete, and were less likely to result in a guilty decision when compared with criminal court cases for other violent offences. The added complexity and lower likelihood of successful prosecution of human trafficking cases may influence the decision to pursue charges from the outset of a court case. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/daily-quotidien/200623/dq200623b-eng.pdf?st=HmJC1Imu / De nombreux incidents identifiés comme traite d'êtres humains par la police ne sont pas traités comme tels devant les tribunaux. D'autres recherches canadiennes suggèrent que les accusations de traite de personnes peuvent ne pas être poursuivies en tant que telles une fois qu'elles sont portées devant les tribunaux. Les affaires pénales liées à la traite de personnes, en moyenne, impliquaient plus d'accusations, prenaient plus de temps à être traitées et étaient moins susceptibles d'aboutir à une décision de culpabilité par rapport aux affaires pénales pour d'autres infractions violentes. La complexité accrue et la moindre probabilité de succès des poursuites dans les affaires de traite des êtres humains peuvent influencer la décision de porter des accusations dès le début d'un procès. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/daily-quotidien/200623/dq200623b-fra.pdf?st=HmJC1Imu

The dataset includes incident-based crime statistics at the provincial and police service level. Statistics include the number of incidents of offences and rates per 100,000 population for the following offences: Homicide, Attempted murder , Sexual assault (Levels 1, 2 and 3), Total sexual violations against children, Assault (Levels 1, 2 and 3), Total robbery, Total breaking and entering, Total theft of motor vehicle, Total impaired driving, Total drug violations, Possession (cannabis), Possession, (cocaine), Possession (other Controlled Drugs and Substances Act drugs), Cannabis (trafficking, production or distribution), Cocaine (trafficking, production or distribution), Other Controlled Drugs and Substances Act drugs (trafficking, production or distribution). Data source: Statistics Canada.

The program provides funding to community agencies that assist non-English speaking and Deaf or hard of hearing victims of: * domestic violence * sexual violence * human trafficking Funding is used to help victims access: * social services * health care * legal services Data includes a listing of the following for the 2013-2014 fiscal year: * organizations * locations * grant issued amount

Bill C-36 the Protection of Communities and Exploited Persons Act, received Royal Assent on November 6, 2014. Bill C-36 treats prostitution as a form of sexual exploitation that disproportionately impacts on women and girls. Its overall objectives are to: Protect those who sell their own sexual services; Protect communities, and especially children, from the harms caused by prostitution; and Reduce the demand for prostitution and its incidence. The new criminal law regime seeks to protect the dignity and equality of all Canadians by denouncing and prohibiting the purchase of sexual services, the exploitation and prostitution of others, the development of economic interests in the sexual exploitation of others and the institutionalization of prostitution through commercial enterprises. Bill C=36 contains prostitution and human trafficking-related amendments. It also includes an amendment to the Criminal Code's definition of a "weapon." These amendments are explained throughout the fact sheet

The G7 is a forum designed for frank and open discussion between leaders, ministers and policy-makers. As a member of the G7, Canada plays a leading role on the international stage and is able to advance domestic and international priorities. The G7 provides global leadership and serves as a powerful catalyst on issues that are later taken up by other fora with broader global and regional membership. The G7 brings together the world’s advanced economies to influence global trends and tackle pervasive and crosscutting issues, as well as emergent global crises. The G7 has strengthened international economic and security policies, advanced discussion of global issues including climate change and gender equality, brought donors together and supported disarmament programs. Most recently, the G7 has worked to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic and respond to Russia’s illegal invasion of Ukraine. At the G7, Canada has advanced its domestic and international priorities, including gender equality, peace and security, climate change and building a sustainable global economy. Transparent and inclusive engagement with Canadian and international stakeholders has helped Canada to deliver on priorities that are important to Canadians.

The dataset includes incident-based crime statistics at the provincial and police service level. Statistics include the number of incidents of offences and rates per 100,000 population for the following offences: Homicide, Attempted murder , Sexual assault (Levels 1, 2 and 3), Total sexual violations against children, Assault (Levels 1, 2 and 3), Total robbery, Total breaking and entering, Total theft of motor vehicle, Total impaired driving, Total drug violations, Possession (cannabis), Possession, (cocaine), Possession (other Controlled Drugs and Substances Act drugs), Cannabis (trafficking, production or distribution), Cocaine (trafficking, production or distribution), Other Controlled Drugs and Substances Act drugs (trafficking, production or distribution). Data source: Statistics Canada.

The objective of this survey is to collect baseline information on police personnel and expenditures to enable detection of historical trends as well as permit comparisons at the provincial/territorial and municipal levels. This survey collects data from police services across Canada under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19. All municipal, provincial and federal police services in Canada are surveyed. Respondents provide the number of police officers employed by the service (full-time equivalents), categorized by rank (senior officers, non-commissioned officers, and constables) and by sex. Information on hirings, departures, and eligibility to retire is provided, as are data on the years of service, age, level of education at time of hire, and Aboriginal and visible minority status of police officers, and the official and non-official languages they speak. Police services also report their number of civilian employees, categorized by job type and by sex. Other questions collect data on operating expenditures broken down into salaries/wages, benefits, and other operating expenditures. Data from this survey provide information on total expenditures on policing and the number of officers in each province and in Canada as a whole, as well as the number of officers per 100,000 population. The data are intended for police services, for officials with responsibility for police budgets, for policy-makers with policing-related responsibilities, and for members of the general public.

The purpose of this survey is particularly important for monitoring trends in correctional populations. These data assist policy makers and corrections managers in formulating decisions based upon historical comparisons. Key indicator data also give some indication of current trends in the utilization of correctional services and provide a basis for calculating incarceration rates (number of persons incarcerated as a proportion of the Canadian population). For current KIR data refer to Statistics Canada The KIR has been replaced by the Corrections Key Indicator Report for Adults and Youth (CKIR) Access data here

Police-reported organized crime, by most serious violation (homicide and attempted murder, assault, sexual violations, kidnapping and hostage taking, human trafficking, robbery and theft, firearm and weapons violations, extortion and criminal harassment, arson, forgery and fraud, child pornography, criminal organization involvement, probation and court violations, drug possession and trafficking, and other violations), Canada (selected police services), 2016 to 2023.

The objective of the Youth Court Survey (YCS) is to produce a national database of statistical information on charges, cases and persons involving accused who are aged 12 to 17 years (up to the 18th birthday) at the time of the offence. For current YCS data refer to Statistics Canada

Bill C-36 the Protection of Communities and Exploited Persons Act, received Royal Assent on November 6, 2014. Bill C-36 treats prostitution as a form of sexual exploitation that disproportionately impacts on women and girls. Its overall objectives are to: Protect those who sell their own sexual services; Protect communities, and especially children, from the harms caused by prostitution; and Reduce the demand for prostitution and its incidence. The new criminal law regime seeks to protect the dignity and equality of all Canadians by denouncing and prohibiting the purchase of sexual services, the exploitation and prostitution of others, the development of economic interests in the sexual exploitation of others and the institutionalization of prostitution through commercial enterprises. Bill C=36 contains prostitution and human trafficking-related amendments. It also includes an amendment to the Criminal Code's definition of a "weapon." These amendments are explained throughout the fact sheet

The program provides funding to community agencies that assist non-English speaking and Deaf or hard of hearing victims of: * domestic violence * sexual violence * human trafficking Funding is used to help victims access: * social services * health care * legal services Data includes a listing of the following for the 2013-2014 fiscal year: * organizations * locations * grant issued amount

The Adult Correctional Services (ACS) survey provides important indicators as to the nature and characteristics of correctional caseflow that are of use to agencies responsible for the delivery of these services, the media and the public. The survey collects annual data on the delivery of adult correctional services from both the provincial/territorial and federal correctional systems. Key themes include: new admissions (commencements) to correctional programs of sentenced custody, probation, conditional sentences and other community-based programs. The survey also captures information on conditional releases to the community including parole and statutory release. In addition, the survey collects aggregate information on the financial and human resources involved in the delivery of adult correctional services. The survey uses two collection instruments: aggregate data are entered into a database; and automated extraction of micro-data from local information systems. For current ACS data refer to Statistics Canada Access data here

This survey collects detailed data on homicide in Canada. The survey has collected police-reported data on the characteristics of all murder incidents, victims and accused persons since 1961 and all homicides (including murder, manslaughter and infanticide) since 1974.