A repository for records of water wells drilled in Illinois. Paper records are archived for over 700,000 wells. Water and related well data can be accessed for private water wells, engineering borings, and stratigraphic borings.

In order to support science-based water resource management, a systematic effort was undertaken to characterize the nature and function of the hydrogeology in Jo Daviess County, Illinois. Jo Daviess County is a karst area. Karst is a geologically and hydrologically integrated or interconnected and self-organizing network of landforms and subsurface large-scale, secondary porosity created by a combination of fractured carbonate bedrock, the movement of water into and through the rock body as part of the hydrologic cycle, and physical and chemical weathering (Panno, S.V. et al, 2017). Springs, cover-collapse sinkholes, crevices, and caves are among the defining features of a karst terrain; each of these features is found in Jo Daviess County. Examples of these features have been located in the field and using other remotely-sensed data and characterized by scientists from the Illinois State Geological and Water Surveys (Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). For this project, groundwater samples were collected from springs and wells and analyzed for inorganic chemistry, dissolved organic carbon, stable isotopes of water, and tritium. The project objective was to initiate a karst feature database, to collect water samples from springs to determine groundwater background concentrations of major anions, cations, and field parameters, and to then characterize and group the different populations of groundwater within Jo Daviess County. This project was supported by Grant Awards F16AP00772 and F18AC00961, from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to the League of Women Voters of Illinois Education Fund as well as support from the Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois.In addition to reports created for each sampling location (containing data, photographs and interpretation) and submitted to USFWS as grantee performance reports for Grant Award F16AP00772, the publication cited below references the data and provides interpretation:Panno, S.V., W.R. Kelly, and E.L. Baranski. Hydrogeochemical controls on aquifers of northwestern Illinois’ Driftless Area, USA. Environmental Earth Sciences 78:276, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8271-7The publications cited below provide background and context:Panno, S.V. and D.E. Luman. Assessment of the geology and hydrogeology of two sites for a proposed large dairy facility in Jo Daviess County near Nora, IL.Illinois State Geological Survey Open File Series 2008-2, 2008. http://library.isgs.illinois.edu/Pubs/pdfs/ofs/2008/ofs2008-02.pdfPanno, S.V., Donald E. Luman, and Dennis R. Kolata. Characterization of karst terrain and regional tectonics using remotely sensed data in Jo Daviess County, Illinois .Circular 589, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2015. https://www.isgs.illinois.edu/maps/county-maps/karst-terrain/jo-daviessPanno, S.V., Philip G. Millhouse, Randy W. Nyboer, Daryl Watson, Walton R. Kelly, Lisa M. Anderson, Curtis C. Albert, and Donald E. Luman. Guide to the Geology, Hydrogeology, History, Archaeology, and Biotic Ecology of the Driftless area of Northwestern Illinois, Jo Daviess County. Illinois State Geological Survey Guidebook 42, 2016. https://www.isgs.illinois.edu/publications/gb042Panno, S.V., Donald E. Luman, Walton R. Kelly, Timothy H. Larson, and Stephen J. Taylor. Karst of the Driftless Area of Jo Daviess County, Illinois. Circular 586, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2017. https://isgs.illinois.edu/maps/county-maps/karst-terrain/jo-daviess-0Panno, S.V., Walton R. Kelly, John Scott, Wei Zheng, Rachel E. McNeish, Nancy Holm, Timothy J. Hoellein, and Elizabeth L. Baranski. Microplastic Contamination in Karst Groundwater Systems. Groundwater.57(2):189-196. doi:10.1111/gwat.12862,2019. https://ngwa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gwat.12862

Please see the individual layer/table below to access the detailed metadata.In order to support science-based water resource management, a systematic effort was undertaken to characterize the nature and function of the hydrogeology in Jo Daviess County, Illinois. Jo Daviess County is a karst area. Karst is a geologically and hydrologically integrated or interconnected and self-organizing network of landforms and subsurface large-scale, secondary porosity created by a combination of fractured carbonate bedrock, the movement of water into and through the rock body as part of the hydrologic cycle, and physical and chemical weathering (Panno, S.V. et al, 2017). Springs, cover-collapse sinkholes, crevices, and caves are among the defining features of a karst terrain; each of these features is found in Jo Daviess County. Examples of these features have been located in the field and using other remotely-sensed data and characterized by scientists from the Illinois State Geological and Water Surveys (Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). For this project, groundwater samples were collected from springs and wells and analyzed for inorganic chemistry, dissolved organic carbon, stable isotopes of water, and tritium. The project objective was to initiate a karst feature database, to collect water samples from springs to determine groundwater background concentrations of major anions, cations, and field parameters, and to then characterize and group the different populations of groundwater within Jo Daviess County. This project was supported by Grant Awards F16AP00772 and F18AC00961, from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to the League of Women Voters of Illinois Education Fund as well as support from the Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois.In addition to reports created for each sampling location (containing data, photographs and interpretation) and submitted to USFWS as grantee performance reports for Grant Award F16AP00772, the publication cited below references the data and provides interpretation:Panno, S.V., W.R. Kelly, and E.L. Baranski. Hydrogeochemical controls on aquifers of northwestern Illinois’ Driftless Area, USA. Environmental Earth Sciences 78:276, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8271-7The publications cited below provide background and context:Panno, S.V. and D.E. Luman. Assessment of the geology and hydrogeology of two sites for a proposed large dairy facility in Jo Daviess County near Nora, IL.Illinois State Geological Survey Open File Series 2008-2, 2008. https://library.isgs.illinois.edu/Pubs/pdfs/ofs/2008/ofs2008-02.pdfPanno, S.V., Donald E. Luman, and Dennis R. Kolata. Characterization of karst terrain and regional tectonics using remotely sensed data in Jo Daviess County, Illinois .Circular 589, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2015. https://www.isgs.illinois.edu/maps/county-maps/karst-terrain/jo-daviessPanno, S.V., Philip G. Millhouse, Randy W. Nyboer, Daryl Watson, Walton R. Kelly, Lisa M. Anderson, Curtis C. Albert, and Donald E. Luman. Guide to the Geology, Hydrogeology, History, Archaeology, and Biotic Ecology of the Driftless area of Northwestern Illinois, Jo Daviess County. Illinois State Geological Survey Guidebook 42, 2016. https://www.isgs.illinois.edu/publications/gb042Panno, S.V., Donald E. Luman, Walton R. Kelly, Timothy H. Larson, and Stephen J. Taylor. Karst of the Driftless Area of Jo Daviess County, Illinois. Circular 586, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2017. https://isgs.illinois.edu/maps/county-maps/karst-terrain/jo-daviess-0Panno, S.V., Walton R. Kelly, John Scott, Wei Zheng, Rachel E. McNeish, Nancy Holm, Timothy J. Hoellein, and Elizabeth L. Baranski. Microplastic Contamination in Karst Groundwater Systems. Groundwater.57(2):189-196. doi:10.1111/gwat.12862,2019. https://ngwa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gwat.12862

In June and July of 2020, 45 groundwater wells in McHenry County, Illinois, were sampled for water quality (field properties, major ions, nutrients, and trace metals) and 12 wells were sampled for contaminants of emerging concern (pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and wastewater indicator compounds). Quality-assurance and quality-control samples were collected during the June and July 2020 sampling that included equipment blanks, field blanks, and replicates. The results of these samples were used to understand the sources of bias and variability associated with sample collection, processing, storage, and shipping. This data release contains one comma separated values files containing the results of the quality-control sample collection for general water quality (metals, nutrients, and major ions) and contaminants of emerging concern (wastewater indicator compounds and pharmaceuticals). Water-quality data from the associated groundwater monitoring well data are available at the National Water Information System (NWIS) web database (https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN). Results and discussion of the water quality and contaminants of emerging concern can also be found in the associated scientific investigation report referenced.

Includes Illinois data for Sangamon River Forest Preserve, ISGS well CHAM-08-09B, ISGS well CHAM-08-09C, ISGS well CHAM-08-09A, ISGS well CHAM-08-09WT, and ISGS well CHAM-14-03B:

• This dataset contains barometric pressure observations collected from a pressure transducer hanging within one of the wells at the Sangamon River Forest Preserve site. This data is to be used to provide atmospheric pressure measurements to correct the pressure transducer measurements monitoring water levels in the observation wells at this site. Data should be parsed by calendar year.

• 171 foot well - This well was installed in 2008 to a depth of approximately 171 feet. The well is finished in a sand and gravel deposit. Information in this dataset will include water level observations from manual readings or transducers, as well as geologic descriptions, and other information related to the geology at the well or the construction of the observation well. Additional information may be saved that includes field notes or other metadata related to water well levels, data files, or other aspects of this well.

• 69 foot well - This well was installed in 2008 to a depth of approximately 69 feet. The well is finished in a sand and gravel deposit. Information in this dataset will include water level observations from manual readings or transducers, as well as geologic descriptions, and other information related to the geology at the well or the construction of the observation well. Additional information may be saved that includes field notes or other metadata related to water well levels, data files, or other aspects of this well.

• 260 ft well, ISGS well CHAM-08-09A) - This well was installed in 2008 at a depth of approximately 260 feet. The well is finished in a sand and gravel deposit. Information in this dataset will include water level observations from manual readings or transducers, as well as geologic descriptions, and other information related to the geology at the well or the construction of the observation well. Transducer data is intended to be parsed by calendar year. From 2011 through at least 2016, this well was included in the USGS Real-Time Groundwater Level Network for Illinois. All transducer data was collected by the USGS and has been downloaded and parsed. Additional information may be saved that includes field notes or other metadata related to water well levels, data files, or other aspects of this well.

• 21 foot well - This well was installed in 2008 to a depth of approximately 21.5 feet. The well is finished in a glacial diamicton (till). Information in this dataset will include water level observations from manual readings or transducers, as well as geologic descriptions, and other information related to the geology at the well or the construction of the observation well. Transducer data is intended to be parsed by calendar year. From 2011 through at least 2016, this well was included in the USGS Real-Time Groundwater Level Network for Illinois. All transducer data was collected by the USGS and has been downloaded and parsed. Additional information may be saved that includes field notes or other metadata related to water well levels, data files, or other aspects of this well.

• 12 foot well - This well was installed in 2014 to a depth of approximately 12 feet. The well is finished in a glacial diamicton (till). Information in this dataset will include water level observations from manual readings or transducers, as well as geologic descriptions, and other information related to the geology at the well or the construction of the observation well. Additional information may be saved that includes field notes or other metadata related to water well levels, data files, or other aspects of this well.

A source water assessment identifies the vulnerability of the drinking water supply to contamination from typical human activities. The assessments are intended to facilitate and provide the basic information necessary for a local community to develop a program to protect the drinking water supply.

The Illinois EPA’s Ambient Lake Monitoring Program (ALMP) was created in 1977 in cooperation with the IL Department of Conservation to assess trends in a select few IL public lakes. The Illinois EPA biologists work out of three Illinois EPA regional offices: Springfield, Marion, and Des Plaines and monitor lakes in their respective areas. Approximately fifty lakes are monitored annually and of those, twenty-five are termed “Core Lakes”. A total of 75 publicly-owned lakes were chosen throughout the state of Illinois as Core Lakes. Previously these lakes were monitored every three years in order to establish a long-term monitoring trends database. In 2008 these lakes and select others were monitored on a five year rotational basis. All lakes are monitored five times yearly; once during the spring runoff and turnover period (April or May), three times during the summer (June, July, August), and once during the fall turnover period (October). Depending on the size of the lake, usually three lake sites are monitored. Monitoring includes collection of water quality and sediment samples as well as, field observation data/measurements such as Secchi disk transparency readings, dissolved oxygen, temperature, quantity of algae, macrophytes, and other key aspects of the lake and sampling event. Water quality samples are collected from one foot below the surface at all sites and two feet above the bottom at only the deepest site. These samples are routinely analyzed for suspended solids, nutrients, and chlorophyll. Additional parameters may be added for a designated period of time at select lakes based on changing data needs.

Please see the individual layer/table below to access the detailed metadata.In order to support science-based water resource management, a systematic effort was undertaken to characterize the nature and function of the hydrogeology in Jo Daviess County, Illinois. Jo Daviess County is a karst area. Karst is a geologically and hydrologically integrated or interconnected and self-organizing network of landforms and subsurface large-scale, secondary porosity created by a combination of fractured carbonate bedrock, the movement of water into and through the rock body as part of the hydrologic cycle, and physical and chemical weathering (Panno, S.V. et al, 2017). Springs, cover-collapse sinkholes, crevices, and caves are among the defining features of a karst terrain; each of these features is found in Jo Daviess County. Examples of these features have been located in the field and using other remotely-sensed data and characterized by scientists from the Illinois State Geological and Water Surveys (Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). For this project, groundwater samples were collected from springs and wells and analyzed for inorganic chemistry, dissolved organic carbon, stable isotopes of water, and tritium. The project objective was to initiate a karst feature database, to collect water samples from springs to determine groundwater background concentrations of major anions, cations, and field parameters, and to then characterize and group the different populations of groundwater within Jo Daviess County. This project was supported by Grant Awards F16AP00772 and F18AC00961, from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to the League of Women Voters of Illinois Education Fund as well as support from the Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois.In addition to reports created for each sampling location (containing data, photographs and interpretation) and submitted to USFWS as grantee performance reports for Grant Award F16AP00772, the publication cited below references the data and provides interpretation:Panno, S.V., W.R. Kelly, and E.L. Baranski. Hydrogeochemical controls on aquifers of northwestern Illinois’ Driftless Area, USA. Environmental Earth Sciences 78:276, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8271-7The publications cited below provide background and context:Panno, S.V. and D.E. Luman. Assessment of the geology and hydrogeology of two sites for a proposed large dairy facility in Jo Daviess County near Nora, IL.Illinois State Geological Survey Open File Series 2008-2, 2008. https://library.isgs.illinois.edu/Pubs/pdfs/ofs/2008/ofs2008-02.pdfPanno, S.V., Donald E. Luman, and Dennis R. Kolata. Characterization of karst terrain and regional tectonics using remotely sensed data in Jo Daviess County, Illinois .Circular 589, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2015. https://www.isgs.illinois.edu/maps/county-maps/karst-terrain/jo-daviessPanno, S.V., Philip G. Millhouse, Randy W. Nyboer, Daryl Watson, Walton R. Kelly, Lisa M. Anderson, Curtis C. Albert, and Donald E. Luman. Guide to the Geology, Hydrogeology, History, Archaeology, and Biotic Ecology of the Driftless area of Northwestern Illinois, Jo Daviess County. Illinois State Geological Survey Guidebook 42, 2016. https://www.isgs.illinois.edu/publications/gb042Panno, S.V., Donald E. Luman, Walton R. Kelly, Timothy H. Larson, and Stephen J. Taylor. Karst of the Driftless Area of Jo Daviess County, Illinois. Circular 586, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 2017. https://isgs.illinois.edu/maps/county-maps/karst-terrain/jo-daviess-0Panno, S.V., Walton R. Kelly, John Scott, Wei Zheng, Rachel E. McNeish, Nancy Holm, Timothy J. Hoellein, and Elizabeth L. Baranski. Microplastic Contamination in Karst Groundwater Systems. Groundwater.57(2):189-196. doi:10.1111/gwat.12862,2019. https://ngwa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gwat.12862

Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: Urban: % of Urban Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2015. This stayed constant from the previous number of 100.000 % for 2014. Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: Urban: % of Urban Population data is updated yearly, averaging 100.000 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2015 and a record low of 100.000 % in 2015. Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: Urban: % of Urban Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.World Bank: Health Statistics. The percentage of people using at least basic water services. This indicator encompasses both people using basic water services as well as those using safely managed water services. Basic drinking water services is defined as drinking water from an improved source, provided collection time is not more than 30 minutes for a round trip. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.; ; WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).; Weighted Average;

Il-ġbir jikkonsisti f’rekords għal c.5000 bjar u molol fl-Iskozja ppreżentati l-aktar minn drillers f’konformità mal-Att dwar l-Ilma. Dawn jinkludu data dwar il-kostruzzjoni tal-bjar, il-produzzjoni tal-ilma, il-livelli tal-ilma, il-kimika tal-ilma u l-litoloġija tajba. Il-kollezzjoni hija organizzata fuq il-bażi tal-Folja Ġeoloġika ta’ pulzier wieħed. Bejn l-1963 u l-1969 ġew ippubblikati katalogi għall-bjar fl-Iskozja Ċentrali. L-Indiċi BGS Uniku Onshore Borehole (SOBI) jipprovdi indiċi diġitali parzjali għar-rekords.

This data represents the GIS Version of the Public Land Survey System including both rectangular and non-rectangular survey data. The rectangular survey data are a reference system for land tenure based upon meridian, township/range, section, section subdivision and government lots. The non-rectangular survey data represent surveys that were largely performed to protect and/or convey title on specific parcels of land such as mineral surveys and tracts. The data are largely complete in reference to the rectangular survey data at the level of first division. However, the data varies in terms of granularity of its spatial representation as well as its content below the first division. Therefore, depending upon the data source and steward, accurate subdivision of the rectangular data may not be available below the first division and the non-rectangular minerals surveys may not be present. At times, the complexity of surveys rendered the collection of data cost prohibitive such as in areas characterized by numerous, overlapping mineral surveys. In these situations, the data were often not abstracted or were only partially abstracted and incorporated into the data set. These PLSS data were compiled from a broad spectrum or sources including federal, county, and private survey records such as field notes and plats as well as map sources such as USGS 7 ½ minute quadrangles. The metadata in each data set describes the production methods for the data content. This data is optimized for data publication and sharing rather than for specific "production" or operation and maintenance. A complete PLSS data set includes the following: PLSS Townships, First Divisions and Second Divisions (the hierarchical break down of the PLSS Rectangular surveys) PLSS Special surveys (non-rectangular components of the PLSS) Meandered Water, Corners, Metadata at a Glance (which identified last revised date and data steward) and Conflicted Areas (known areas of gaps or overlaps or inconsistencies). The Entity-Attribute section of this metadata describes these components in greater detail. These are areas of water that are defined from meander lines of the PLSS and GLO surveys. These are not the official representations of coast or water lines and are representations of the lines marked by the survey along the boundaries of meandered water at the time of survey.

Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: % of Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2015. This stayed constant from the previous number of 100.000 % for 2014. Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: % of Population data is updated yearly, averaging 100.000 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2015 and a record low of 100.000 % in 2015. Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: % of Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.World Bank: Health Statistics. The percentage of people using at least basic water services. This indicator encompasses both people using basic water services as well as those using safely managed water services. Basic drinking water services is defined as drinking water from an improved source, provided collection time is not more than 30 minutes for a round trip. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.; ; WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).; Weighted Average;

Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: Rural: % of Rural Population data was reported at 100.000 % in 2015. This stayed constant from the previous number of 100.000 % for 2014. Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: Rural: % of Rural Population data is updated yearly, averaging 100.000 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2015, with 16 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 100.000 % in 2015 and a record low of 100.000 % in 2015. Israel IL: People Using Basic Drinking Water Services: Rural: % of Rural Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Israel – Table IL.World Bank: Health Statistics. The percentage of people using at least basic water services. This indicator encompasses both people using basic water services as well as those using safely managed water services. Basic drinking water services is defined as drinking water from an improved source, provided collection time is not more than 30 minutes for a round trip. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.; ; WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (washdata.org).; Weighted Average;

The Illinois EPA’s Ambient Lake Monitoring Program (ALMP) was created in 1977 in cooperation with the IL Department of Conservation to assess trends in a select few IL public lakes. The Illinois EPA biologists work out of three Illinois EPA regional offices: Springfield, Marion, and Des Plaines and monitor lakes in their respective areas. Approximately fifty lakes are monitored annually and of those, twenty-five are termed “Core Lakes”. A total of 75 publicly-owned lakes were chosen throughout the state of Illinois as Core Lakes. Previously these lakes were monitored every three years in order to establish a long-term monitoring trends database. In 2008 these lakes and select others were monitored on a five year rotational basis. All lakes are monitored five times yearly; once during the spring runoff and turnover period (April or May), three times during the summer (June, July, August), and once during the fall turnover period (October). Depending on the size of the lake, usually three lake sites are monitored. Monitoring includes collection of water quality and sediment samples as well as, field observation data/measurements such as Secchi disk transparency readings, dissolved oxygen, temperature, quantity of algae, macrophytes, and other key aspects of the lake and sampling event. Water quality samples are collected from one foot below the surface at all sites and two feet above the bottom at only the deepest site. These samples are routinely analyzed for suspended solids, nutrients, and chlorophyll. Additional parameters may be added for a designated period of time at select lakes based on changing data needs.

Dataset revised on October 15, 2021. This revision adds sulfur and iron X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra for the wetland soils and stream sediments from the field areas. It also renames the sample locations in a way that is more intuitive to readers of the companion paper that is under review. Finally, the data filenames and organization have been updated in their labeling to parallel the data sources in the associated paper. The abstract text and methods were also revised to reflect the data that was added to the dataset.Trace metals are essential for microbially-mediated biogeochemical processes occurring in anoxic wetland soils and stream bed sediments, such as denitrification, methanogenesis, and mercury methylation. Low availability of these elements may potentially inhibit key components of anaerobic carbon and nitrogen cycling and contaminant transformation. The solid-phase speciation of trace metals likely plays an important role in controlling their bioavailability. Metal speciation is well studied in contaminated soils and sediments as well as those naturally elevated in trace metals. However, less is known regarding the chemical forms of trace metals in systems having concentrations similar to geological background levels, the very settings where metal limitations may be most prevalent. We have investigated trace metal concentrations, extractability, and solid-phase speciation in three freshwater subsurface aquatic systems: marsh wetland soils, riparian wetland soils, and the sediments of a streambed.Data are provided for marsh wetland soils at Argonne National Laboratory, riparian wetland soils in the Tims Branch watershed at Savannah River National Laboratory, and stream bed sediments from East Fork Poplar Creek near Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Soil and sediment elemental abundances, mineralogy, and extractable nutrients as well as dissolved major elements, anions, trace metals, and nutrients in the overlying surface waters are provided. In addition, the results of sequential chemical extraction for the trace metals cobalt, nickel, copper, and zinc from the soils and sediment are reported as well as X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra in these materials are reported. To aid interpretation of these data, XANES spectra of sulfur in the soils and sediments as well as both XANES and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of iron in these materials are reported. The data package also includes the XANES spectra of reference standards and a potential interferent in the measurements. All data are provided in text-based CSV format with header sections indicating the data contained in each file and the corresponding units. Note that "u" is used in place of Greek lower case mu to indicate the micro prefix on units.

linee di uguale temperatura al tetto dell'acquifero