The "26 Class Object Detection Dataset" comprises a comprehensive collection of images annotated with objects belonging to 26 distinct classes. Each class represents a common urban or outdoor element encountered in various scenarios. The dataset includes the following classes:

Bench Bicycle Branch Bus Bushes Car Crosswalk Door Elevator Fire Hydrant Green Light Gun Motorcycle Person Pothole Rat Red Light Scooter Stairs Stop Sign Traffic Cone Train Tree Truck Umbrella Yellow Light These classes encompass a wide range of objects commonly encountered in urban and outdoor environments, including transportation vehicles, traffic signs, pedestrian-related elements, and natural features. The dataset serves as a valuable resource for training and evaluating object detection models, particularly those focused on urban scene understanding and safety applications.

Dataset Description: Car Object Detection in Road Traffic

Overview:

This dataset is designed for car object detection in road traffic scenes (Images with shape 1080x1920x3). The dataset is derived from publicly available video content on YouTube, specifically from the video with the Creative Commons Attribution license, available here. https://youtu.be/MNn9qKG2UFI?si=uJz_WicTCl8zfrVl" alt="youtube video">

Source:

• Video Source: YouTube Video.
• License: Creative Commons Attribution (reuse allowed) more details here.
• Dataset Contents: The dataset consists of a collection of image frames extracted from the video. Each image frame captures various scenes from road traffic. Car objects within these frames are annotated with bounding boxes.

Annotation Details:

• Bounding Boxes: Each image frame contains annotated bounding boxes around car objects, marking their locations in the scene.
• Classes: The dataset is focused on car object detection, and car objects are labeled as the target class (aka one class only).
• Data Format: Images are provided in JPEG format.
• Annotation files are provided in YOLO text format.
• We used labelImg GUI to label this dataset in YOLO format, more details are in this GitHub repo.

Use Cases:

• Object Detection: This dataset can be used to train and evaluate object detection models, with an emphasis on detecting cars in road traffic scenarios.

Acknowledgments: We acknowledge and thank the creator of the original video for making it available under a Creative Commons Attribution license. Their contribution enables the development of datasets and research in the field of computer vision and object detection.

Disclaimer: This dataset is provided for educational and research purposes and should be used in compliance with YouTube's terms of service and the Creative Commons Attribution license.

Activities of Daily Living Object DatasetOverviewThe ADL (Activities of Daily Living) Object Dataset is a curated collection of images and annotations specifically focusing on objects commonly interacted with during daily living activities. This dataset is designed to facilitate research and development in assistive robotics in home environments.Data Sources and LicensingThe dataset comprises images and annotations sourced from four publicly available datasets:COCO DatasetLicense: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Citation:Lin, T.-Y., Maire, M., Belongie, S., Hays, J., Perona, P., Ramanan, D., Dollár, P., & Zitnick, C. L. (2014). Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context. European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 740–755.Open Images DatasetLicense: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Citation:Kuznetsova, A., Rom, H., Alldrin, N., Uijlings, J., Krasin, I., Pont-Tuset, J., Kamali, S., Popov, S., Malloci, M., Duerig, T., & Ferrari, V. (2020). The Open Images Dataset V6: Unified Image Classification, Object Detection, and Visual Relationship Detection at Scale. International Journal of Computer Vision, 128(7), 1956–1981.LVIS DatasetLicense: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Citation:Gupta, A., Dollar, P., & Girshick, R. (2019). LVIS: A Dataset for Large Vocabulary Instance Segmentation. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 5356–5364.Roboflow UniverseLicense: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Citation: The following repositories from Roboflow Universe were used in compiling this dataset:Work, U. AI Based Automatic Stationery Billing System Data Dataset. 2022. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/university-work/ai-based-automatic-stationery-billing-system-data (accessed on 11 October 2024).Destruction, P.M. Pencilcase Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/project-mental-destruction/pencilcase-se7nb (accessed on 11 October 2024).Destruction, P.M. Final Project Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/project-mental-destruction/final-project-wsuvj (accessed on 11 October 2024).Personal. CSST106 Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/personal-pgkq6/csst106 (accessed on 11 October 2024).New-Workspace-kubz3. Pencilcase Dataset. 2022. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/new-workspace-kubz3/pencilcase-s9ag9 (accessed on 11 October 2024).Finespiralnotebook. Spiral Notebook Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/finespiralnotebook/spiral_notebook (accessed on 11 October 2024).Dairymilk. Classmate Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/dairymilk/classmate (accessed on 11 October 2024).Dziubatyi, M. Domace Zadanie Notebook Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/maksym-dziubatyi/domace-zadanie-notebook (accessed on 11 October 2024).One. Stationery Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/one-vrmjr/stationery-mxtt2 (accessed on 11 October 2024).jk001226. Liplip Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/jk001226/liplip (accessed on 11 October 2024).jk001226. Lip Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/jk001226/lip-uteep (accessed on 11 October 2024).Upwork5. Socks3 Dataset. 2022. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/upwork5/socks3 (accessed on 11 October 2024).Book. DeskTableLamps Material Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/book-mxasl/desktablelamps-material-rjbgd (accessed on 11 October 2024).Gary. Medicine Jar Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/gary-ofgwc/medicine-jar (accessed on 11 October 2024).TEST. Kolmarbnh Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/test-wj4qi/kolmarbnh (accessed on 11 October 2024).Tube. Tube Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/tube-nv2vt/tube-9ah9t (accessed on 11 October 2024). Staj. Canned Goods Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/staj-2ipmz/canned-goods-isxbi (accessed on 11 October 2024).Hussam, M. Wallet Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/mohamed-hussam-cq81o/wallet-sn9n2 (accessed on 14 October 2024).Training, K. Perfume Dataset. 2022. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/kdigital-training/perfume (accessed on 14 October 2024).Keyboards. Shoe-Walking Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/keyboards-tjtri/shoe-walking (accessed on 14 October 2024).MOMO. Toilet Paper Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/momo-nutwk/toilet-paper-wehrw (accessed on 14 October 2024).Project-zlrja. Toilet Paper Detection Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/project-zlrja/toilet-paper-detection (accessed on 14 October 2024).Govorkov, Y. Highlighter Detection Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/yuriy-govorkov-j9qrv/highlighter_detection (accessed on 14 October 2024).Stock. Plum Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/stock-qxdzf/plum-kdznw (accessed on 14 October 2024).Ibnu. Avocado Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/ibnu-h3cda/avocado-g9fsl (accessed on 14 October 2024).Molina, N. Detection Avocado Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/norberto-molina-zakki/detection-avocado (accessed on 14 October 2024).in Lab, V.F. Peach Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/vietnam-fruit-in-lab/peach-ejdry (accessed on 14 October 2024).Group, K. Tomato Detection 4 Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/kkabs-group-dkcni/tomato-detection-4 (accessed on 14 October 2024).Detection, M. Tomato Checker Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/money-detection-xez0r/tomato-checker (accessed on 14 October 2024).University, A.S. Smart Cam V1 Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/ain-shams-university-byja6/smart_cam_v1 (accessed on 14 October 2024).EMAD, S. Keysdetection Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/shehab-emad-n2q9i/keysdetection (accessed on 14 October 2024).Roads. Chips Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/roads-rvmaq/chips-a0us5 (accessed on 14 October 2024).workspace bgkzo, N. Object Dataset. 2021. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/new-workspace-bgkzo/object-eidim (accessed on 14 October 2024).Watch, W. Wrist Watch Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/wrist-watch/wrist-watch-0l25c (accessed on 14 October 2024).WYZUP. Milk Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/wyzup/milk-onbxt (accessed on 14 October 2024).AussieStuff. Food Dataset. 2024. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/aussiestuff/food-al9wr (accessed on 14 October 2024).Almukhametov, A. Pencils Color Dataset. 2023. Accessible at: https://universe.roboflow.com/almas-almukhametov-hs5jk/pencils-color (accessed on 14 October 2024).All images and annotations obtained from these datasets are released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license permits sharing and adaptation of the material in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, provided that appropriate credit is given, a link to the license is provided, and any changes made are indicated.Redistribution Permission:As all images and annotations are under the CC BY 4.0 license, we are legally permitted to redistribute this data within our dataset. We have complied with the license terms by:Providing appropriate attribution to the original creators.Including links to the CC BY 4.0 license.Indicating any changes made to the original material.Dataset StructureThe dataset includes:Images: High-quality images featuring ADL objects suitable for robotic manipulation.Annotations: Bounding boxes and class labels formatted in the YOLO (You Only Look Once) Darknet format.ClassesThe dataset focuses on objects commonly involved in daily living activities. A full list of object classes is provided in the classes.txt file.FormatImages: JPEG format.Annotations: Text files corresponding to each image, containing bounding box coordinates and class labels in YOLO Darknet format.How to Use the DatasetDownload the DatasetUnpack the Datasetunzip ADL_Object_Dataset.zipHow to Cite This DatasetIf you use this dataset in your research, please cite our paper:@article{shahria2024activities, title={Activities of Daily Living Object Dataset: Advancing Assistive Robotic Manipulation with a Tailored Dataset}, author={Shahria, Md Tanzil and Rahman, Mohammad H.}, journal={Sensors}, volume={24}, number={23}, pages={7566}, year={2024}, publisher={MDPI}}LicenseThis dataset is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).License Link: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/By using this dataset, you agree to provide appropriate credit, indicate if changes were made, and not impose additional restrictions beyond those of the original licenses.AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge the use of data from the following open-source datasets, which were instrumental in the creation of our specialized ADL object dataset:COCO Dataset: We thank the creators and contributors of the COCO dataset for making their images and annotations publicly available under the CC BY 4.0 license.Open Images Dataset: We express our gratitude to the Open Images team for providing a comprehensive dataset of annotated images under the CC BY 4.0 license.LVIS Dataset: We appreciate the efforts of the LVIS dataset creators for releasing their extensive dataset under the CC BY 4.0 license.Roboflow Universe:

Pantry Object Detection

## Overview

Pantry Object Detection is a dataset for object detection tasks - it contains Food WABi annotations for 722 images.

## Getting Started

You can download this dataset for use within your own projects, or fork it into a workspace on Roboflow to create your own model.

  ## License

  This dataset is available under the [CC BY 4.0 license](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/CC BY 4.0).

Cattle Body Parts Image Dataset for Object Detection

This dataset is a curated collection of images featuring various cattle body parts aimed at facilitating object detection tasks. The dataset contains a total of 428 high-quality photos, meticulously annotated with three distinct classes: "Back," "Head," and "Leg."

The dataset can be downloaded using this link. The dataset is also available at Roboflow Universe.

A YOLOv7X model has been trained using the dataset and achieved a mAP of 99.6%. You can access the trained weights through this link.

Motivation

Accurate and reliable identification of different cattle body parts is crucial for various agricultural and veterinary applications. This dataset aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers, developers, and enthusiasts working on object detection tasks involving cattle, ultimately contributing to advancements in livestock management, health monitoring, and related fields.

Data

Overview

• Total Images: 428
• Classes: Back, Head, Leg
• Annotations: Bounding boxes for each class

Contents

📦 Cattle_Body_Parts_OD.zip
 ┣ 📂 images
 ┃ ┣ 📜 image1.jpg
 ┃ ┣ 📜 image2.jpg
 ┃ ┗ ...
 ┗ 📂 annotations
  ┣ 📜 image1.json
  ┣ 📜 image2.json
  ┗ ...

Annotation Format

Each annotation file corresponds to an image in the dataset and is formatted as per the LabelMe JSON standard. These annotations define the bounding box coordinates for each labeled body part, enabling straightforward integration into object detection pipelines.

License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Disclaimer

This dataset has been collected from publicly available sources. I do not claim ownership of the data and have no intention of infringing on any copyright. The material contained in this dataset is copyrighted to their respective owners. I have made every effort to ensure the data is accurate and complete, but I cannot guarantee its accuracy or completeness. If you believe any data in this dataset infringes on your copyright, please get in touch with me immediately so I can take appropriate action.

The Bee Image Object Detection dataset was generated for the purpose of detecting bee objects within images. The dataset comprises videos captured at the entrances of 25 beehives situated in three separate apiaries in San Jose, Cupertino, and Gilroy, CA, USA. These videos were recorded directly above the landing pads of various beehives. The camera was positioned at a unique angle to capture distinct and clear images of bees engaged in activities such as taking off, landing, or moving around on the landing pad.

The Data
The dataset consist of 5538 images of public spaces, annotated with steps, stairs, ramps and grab bars for stairs and ramps. The dataset has annotations 3564 of steps, 1492 of stairs, 143 of ramps and 922 of grab bars.

Each step annotation is attributed with an estimate of the height of the step, as falling into one of three categories: less than 3cm, 3cm to 7cm or more than 7cm. Additionally it is attributed with a 'type', with the possibilities 'doorstep', 'curb' or 'other'.

Stair annotations are attributed with the number of steps in the stair.

Ramps are attributed with an estimate of their width, also falling into three categories: less than 50cm, 50cm to 100cm and more than 100cm.

In order to preserve all additional attributes of the labels, the data is published in the CVAT XML format for images.

Annotating Process
The labelling has been done using bounding boxes around the objects. This format is compatible with many popular object detection models, e.g. the YOLO object model. A bounding box is placed so it contains exactly the visible part of the respective objects. This implies that only objects that are visible in the photo are annotated. This means in particular a photo of a stair or step from above, where the object cannot be seen, have not been annotated, even when a human viewer can possibly infer that there is a stair or a step from other features in the photo.

Steps
A step is annotated, when there is an vertical increment that functions as a passage between two surface areas intended human or vehicle traffic. This means that we have not included:

• Increments that are to high to reasonably be considered at passage.
• Increments that does not lead to a surface intended for human or vehicle traffic, e.g. a 'step' in front of a wall or a curb in front of a bush.

In particular, the bounding box of a step object contains exactly the incremental part of the step, but does not extend into the top or bottom horizontal surface any more than necessary to enclose entirely the incremental part. This has been chosen for consistency reasons, as including parts of the horizontal surfaces would imply a non-trivial choice of how much to include, which we deemed would most likely lead to more inconstistent annotations.

The height of the steps are estimated by the annotators, and are therefore not guarranteed to be accurate.

The type of the steps typically fall into the category 'doorstep' or 'curb'. Steps that are in a doorway, entrance or likewise are attributed as doorsteps. We also include in this category steps that are immediately leading to a doorway within a proximity of 1-2m. Steps between different types of pathways, e.g. between streets and sidewalks, are annotated as curbs. Any other type of step are annotated with 'other'. Many of the 'other' steps are for example steps to terraces.

Stairs
The stair label is used whenever two or more steps directly follow each other in a consistent pattern. All vertical increments are enclosed in the bounding box, as well as intermediate surfaces of the steps. However the top and bottom surface is not included more than necessary for the same reason as for steps, as described in the previous section.

The annotator counts the number of steps, and attribute this to the stair object label.

Ramps
Ramps have been annotated when a sloped passage way has been placed or built to connect two surface areas intended for human or vehicle traffic. This implies the same considerations as with steps. Alike also only the sloped part of a ramp is annotated, not including the bottom or top surface area.

For each ramp, the annotator makes an assessment of the width of the ramp in three categories: less than 50cm, 50cm to 100cm and more than 100cm. This parameter is visually hard to assess, and sometimes impossible due to the view of the ramp.

Grab Bars
Grab bars are annotated for hand rails and similar that are in direct connection to a stair or a ramp. While horizontal grab bars could also have been included, this was omitted due to the implied ambiguities of fences and similar objects. As the grab bar was originally intended as an attributal information to stairs and ramps, we chose to keep this focus. The bounding box encloses the part of the grab bar that functions as a hand rail for the stair or ramp.

Usage
As is often the case when annotating data, much information depends on the subjective assessment of the annotator. As each data point in this dataset has been annotated only by one person, caution should be taken if the data is applied.

Generally speaking, the mindset and usage guiding the annotations have been wheelchair accessibility. While we have strived to annotate at an object level, hopefully making the data more widely applicable than this, we state this explicitly as it may have swayed untrivial annotation choices.

The attributal data, such as step height or ramp width are highly subjective estimations. We still provide this data to give a post-hoc method to adjust which annotations to use. E.g. for some purposes, one may be interested in detecting only steps that are indeed more than 3cm. The attributal data makes it possible to sort away the steps less than 3cm, so a machine learning algorithm can be trained on this more appropriate dataset for that use case. We stress however, that one cannot expect to train accurate machine learning algorithms inferring the attributal data, as this is not accurate data in the first place.

We hope this dataset will be a useful building block in the endeavours for automating barrier detection and documentation.

This dataset contains images of various plastic objects commonly found in everyday life. Each image is annotated with bounding boxes around the plastic items.

Image Enhanced Object Detection

## Overview

Image Enhanced Object Detection is a dataset for object detection tasks - it contains Car Person annotations for 701 images.

## Getting Started

You can download this dataset for use within your own projects, or fork it into a workspace on Roboflow to create your own model.

  ## License

  This dataset is available under the [CC BY 4.0 license](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/CC BY 4.0).

On Road Object Detection

## Overview

On Road Object Detection is a dataset for object detection tasks - it contains Car Cyclist Pedest Trafficsign annotations for 326 images.

## Getting Started

You can download this dataset for use within your own projects, or fork it into a workspace on Roboflow to create your own model.

  ## License

  This dataset is available under the [CC BY 4.0 license](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/CC BY 4.0).

Dangerous Object Detection

## Overview

Dangerous Object Detection is a dataset for object detection tasks - it contains Dangerous Objects annotations for 3,043 images.

## Getting Started

You can download this dataset for use within your own projects, or fork it into a workspace on Roboflow to create your own model.

  ## License

  This dataset is available under the [CC BY 4.0 license](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/CC BY 4.0).

Small Object Aerial Person Detection Dataset:

The aerial dataset publication comprises a collection of frames captured from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during flights over the University of Cyprus campus and Civil Defense exercises. The dataset is primarily intended for people detection, with a focus on detecting small objects due to the top-view perspective of the images. The dataset includes annotations generated in popular formats such as YOLO, COCO, and VOC, making it highly versatile and accessible for a wide range of applications. Overall, this aerial dataset publication represents a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners working in the field of computer vision and machine learning, particularly those focused on people detection and related applications.

It is advised to further enhance the dataset so that random augmentations are probabilistically applied to each image prior to adding it to the batch for training. Specifically, there are a number of possible transformations such as geometric (rotations, translations, horizontal axis mirroring, cropping, and zooming), as well as image manipulations (illumination changes, color shifting, blurring, sharpening, and shadowing).

Object Detection In Thermal Image

## Overview

Object Detection In Thermal Image is a dataset for object detection tasks - it contains Persons annotations for 284 images.

## Getting Started

You can download this dataset for use within your own projects, or fork it into a workspace on Roboflow to create your own model.

  ## License

  This dataset is available under the [CC BY 4.0 license](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/CC BY 4.0).

Annotated image dataset of household objects from the RoboFEI@Home teamThis data set contains two sets of pictures of household objects

Explore and download labeled image datasets for AI, ML, and computer vision. Find datasets for object detection, image classification, and image segmentation.

This is an open source object detection model by TensorFlow in TensorFlow Lite format. While it is not recommended to use this model in production surveys, it can be useful for demonstration purposes and to get started with smart assistants in ArcGIS Survey123. You are responsible for the use of this model. When using Survey123, it is your responsibility to review and manually correct outputs.This object detection model was trained using the Common Objects in Context (COCO) dataset. COCO is a large-scale object detection dataset that is available for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.The dataset contains 80 object categories and 1.5 million object instances that include people, animals, food items, vehicles, and household items. For a complete list of common objects this model can detect, see Classes.The model can be used in ArcGIS Survey123 to detect common objects in photos that are captured with the Survey123 field app. Using the modelFollow the guide to use the model. You can use this model to detect or redact common objects in images captured with the Survey123 field app. The model must be configured for a survey in Survey123 Connect.Fine-tuning the modelThis model cannot be fine-tuned using ArcGIS tools.InputCamera feed (either low-resolution preview or high-resolution capture).OutputImage with common object detections written to its EXIF metadata or an image with detected objects redacted.Model architectureThis is an open source object detection model by TensorFlow in TensorFlow Lite format with MobileNet architecture. The model is available for use under the Apache License 2.0.Sample resultsHere are a few results from the model.

This dataset contains 4,599 high-quality, annotated images of 25 commonly used chemistry lab apparatuses. The images, each containing structures in real-world settings, have been captured from different angles, backgrounds, and distances, while also undergoing variations in lighting to aid in the robustness of object detection models. Every image has been labeled using bounding box annotation in YOLO and COCO format, alongside the class IDs and normalized bounding box coordinates making object detection more precise. The annotations and bounding boxes have been built using the Roboflow platform.To achieve a better learning procedure, the dataset has been split into three sub-datasets: training, validation, and testing. The training dataset constitutes 70% of the entire dataset, with validation and testing at 20% and 10% respectively. In addition, all images undergo scaling to a standard of 640x640 pixels while being auto-oriented to rectify rotation discrepancies brought about by the EXIF metadata. The dataset is structured in three main folders - train, valid, and test, and each contains images/ and labels/ subfolders. Every image contains a label file containing class and bounding box data corresponding to each detected object.The whole dataset features 6,960 labeled instances per 25 apparatus categories including beakers, conical flasks, measuring cylinders, test tubes, among others. The dataset can be utilized for the development of automation systems, real-time monitoring and tracking systems, tools for safety monitoring, alongside AI educational tools.

In this study, we present an extensive evaluation of state-of-the-art YOLO object detection architectures for identifying snow poles in LiDAR-derived imagery captured under challenging Nordic conditions. Building upon our previous work on the SnowPole Detection dataset [1] and our LiDAR–GNSS-based localization framework [2], we expand the benchmark to include six YOLO models—YOLOv5s, YOLOv7-tiny, YOLOv8n, YOLOv9t, YOLOv10n, and YOLOv11n—evaluated across multiple input modalities. Specifically, we assess single-channel modalities (Reflectance, Signal, Near-Infrared) and six pseudo-color combinations derived by mapping these channels to RGB representations. Each model’s performance is quantified using Precision, Recall, mAP@50, mAP@50–95, and GPU inference latency. To facilitate systematic comparison, we define a composite Rank Score that integrates detection accuracy and real-time performance in a weighted formulation. Experimental results show that YOLOv9t consistently achieves the highest detection accuracy, while YOLOv11n provides the best trade-off between accuracy and inference speed, making it a promising candidate for real-time applications on embedded platforms. Among input modalities, pseudo-color combinations—particularly those fusing Near-Infrared, Signal, and Reflectance channels—outperformed single modalities across most configurations, achieving the highest Rank Scores and mAP metrics. Therefore, we recommend using multimodal LiDAR representations such as Combination 4 and Combination 5 to maximize detection robustness in practical deployments. All datasets, benchmarking code, and trained models are publicly avail- able to support reproducibility and further research through our GitHub repository (a).

References [1] Durga Prasad Bavirisetti, Gabriel Hanssen Kiss, Petter Arnesen, Hanne Seter, Shaira Tabassum, and Frank Lindseth. Snowpole detection: A comprehensive dataset for detection and localization using lidar imaging in nordic winter conditions. Data in Brief, 59:111403, 2025. [2] Durga Prasad Bavirisetti, Gabriel Hanssen Kiss, and Frank Lindseth. A pole detection and geospatial localization framework using lidar-gnss data fusion. In 2024 27th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), pages 1–8. IEEE, 2024. (a) https://github.com/MuhammadIbneRafiq/Extended-evaluation-snowpole-lidar-dataset

Dataset Labels

['dropped spike', 'enemy', 'planted spike', 'teammate']

  Number of Images

{'valid': 1983, 'train': 6927, 'test': 988}

  How to Use

Install datasets:

pip install datasets

Load the dataset:

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("keremberke/valorant-object-detection", name="full") example = ds['train'][0]

  Roboflow Dataset Page

https://universe.roboflow.com/daniels-magonis-0pjzx/valorant-9ufcp/dataset/3… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/keremberke/valorant-object-detection.