The Financial Soundness Indicators (FSIs), developed by the IMF together with the international community, are aimed at supporting macroprudential analysis - the surveillance and assessment of the strengths and vulnerabilities of financial systems. FSIs are macroprudential statistics aimed at filling the gap between macroeconomic statistics and micro-prudential data.

FSIs are compiled based on the FSI Compilation Guide (https://www.imf.org/en/Data/Statistics/FSI-guide). Please see also the Concepts and Definitions document. The FSI Compilation Guide is revised periodically to reflect new developments in the regulatory and accounting frameworks and in response to additional data need.

The International Financial Statistics database covers about 200 countries and areas, with some aggregates calculated for selected regions, plus some world totals. Topics covered include balance of payments, commodity prices, exchange rates, fund position, government finance, industrial production, interest rates, international investment position, international liquidity, international transactions, labor statistics, money and banking, national accounts, population, prices, and real effective exchange rates.

Switzerland IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Fund Holdings of Currency data was reported at 7.647 USD bn in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.814 USD bn for Sep 2018. Switzerland IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Fund Holdings of Currency data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Jan 1945 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 886 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.390 USD bn in Jan 2018 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Aug 1992. Switzerland IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Fund Holdings of Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Switzerland – Table CH.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position.

The Fiscal Monitor surveys and analyzes the latest public finance developments, it updates fiscal implications of the crisis and medium-term fiscal projections, and assesses policies to put public finances on a sustainable footing.

Country-specific data and projections for key fiscal variables are based on the April 2020 World Economic Outlook database, unless indicated otherwise, and compiled by the IMF staff. Historical data and projections are based on information gathered by IMF country desk officers in the context of their missions and through their ongoing analysis of the evolving situation in each country; they are updated on a continual basis as more information becomes available. Structural breaks in data may be adjusted to produce smooth series through splicing and other techniques. IMF staff estimates serve as proxies when complete information is unavailable. As a result, Fiscal Monitor data can differ from official data in other sources, including the IMF's International Financial Statistics.

The country classification in the Fiscal Monitor divides the world into three major groups: 35 advanced economies, 40 emerging market and middle-income economies, and 40 low-income developing countries. The seven largest advanced economies as measured by GDP (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States) constitute the subgroup of major advanced economies, often referred to as the Group of Seven (G7). The members of the euro area are also distinguished as a subgroup. Composite data shown in the tables for the euro area cover the current members for all years, even though the membership has increased over time. Data for most European Union member countries have been revised following the adoption of the new European System of National and Regional Accounts (ESA 2010). The low-income developing countries (LIDCs) are countries that have per capita income levels below a certain threshold (currently set at $2,700 in 2016 as measured by the World Bank's Atlas method), structural features consistent with limited development and structural transformation, and external financial linkages insufficiently close to be widely seen as emerging market economies. Zimbabwe is included in the group. Emerging market and middle-income economies include those not classified as advanced economies or low-income developing countries. See Table A, "Economy Groupings," for more details.

Most fiscal data refer to the general government for advanced economies, while for emerging markets and developing economies, data often refer to the central government or budgetary central government only (for specific details, see Tables B-D). All fiscal data refer to the calendar years, except in the cases of Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, Haiti, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, India, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, and Thailand, for which they refer to the fiscal year.

Composite data for country groups are weighted averages of individual-country data, unless otherwise specified. Data are weighted by annual nominal GDP converted to U.S. dollars at average market exchange rates as a share of the group GDP.

In many countries, fiscal data follow the IMF's Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014. The overall fiscal balance refers to net lending (+) and borrowing ("") of the general government. In some cases, however, the overall balance refers to total revenue and grants minus total expenditure and net lending.

The fiscal gross and net debt data reported in the Fiscal Monitor are drawn from official data sources and IMF staff estimates. While attempts are made to align gross and net debt data with the definitions in the IMF's Government Finance Statistics Manual, as a result of data limitations or specific country circumstances, these data can sometimes deviate from the formal definitions.

We argue that governments allocate adjustment burdens strategically to protect their supporters, imposing adjustment costs upon the supporters of their opponents, who then protest in response. Using large-N micro-level survey data from three world regions and a global survey, it discusses the local political economy of International Monetary Fund (IMF) lending. It finds that opposition supporters in countries under an IMF structural adjustment program (SAP) are more likely to report that the IMF SAP increased economic hardships than government supporters and countries without IMF exposure. In addition, it finds that partisan gaps in IMF SAP evaluations widen in IMF program countries with an above-median number of conditions, suggesting that opposition supporters face heavier adjustment burdens, and that opposition supporters who think SAPs made their lives worse are more likely to protest.

Country-wise GDP growth rate forecast for 2025 based on IMF World Economic Outlook data.

United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: Allocations of SDRs to Date data was reported at 35,315.681 XDR mn in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 35,315.681 XDR mn for 2016. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: Allocations of SDRs to Date data is updated yearly, averaging 4,899.530 XDR mn from Dec 1945 (Median) to 2017, with 73 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35,315.681 XDR mn in 2017 and a record low of 0.000 XDR mn in 1969. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: Allocations of SDRs to Date data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position: Annual.

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Table of Contents 1. Overview 2. World and Regional Tables 3. Country Tables 4. Annex I. Analytic Presentation of the Balance of Payments 5. Annex II. Standard Presentation of the Balance of Payments 6. Annex III. Standard Components of the International Investment Position 7. Annex IV. Reporting Currency 8. Annex V. Conceptual Framework of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position 9. Annex VI. Classification and Standard Components of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Overview The electronic release of the Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook (BOPSY), produced by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), contains balance of payments and international investment position (IIP) data in accordance with the sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6) published in 2009. Individual country data for all available periods along with world and regional aggregates for the period 2005-2021 are included in this release. The IMF is grateful for countries’ cooperation in providing comprehensive, timely, and regular 1 Volume 1 of the Yearbook, published in 1949, was based on the first edition of the IMF’s Balance of Payments Manual, issued in 1948; Volumes 2–12 were compiled pursuant to the second edition of the Manual, issued in 1950; Volumes 13–23 were based on the third edition of the Manual, issued in 1961; and Volumes 24– 29 were associated with that edition as well as the Balance of Payments Manual: Supplement to Third Edition, issued in 1973. Volumes 30–45 followed the guidance of the fourth edition of the data to the Fund for re-dissemination. These data support the IMF’s Statistics Department (STA) in its efforts to respond to the analytical and policy needs of the IMF, member countries, and the international community. The electronic release, available through the online database accessible at http://data.imf.org, contains a section on the World and Regional Tables, which presents 21 World and Regional Tables for major components of the balance of payments and IIP accounts. Individual country tables covering annual balance of payments and IIP data of individual countries, jurisdictions, and other reporting entities, as well as Balance of Payments and IIP metadata are also published through the online database.. The release of the Yearbook based on BPM61 was endorsed by the IMF’s Committee on Balance of Payments Statistics. The BPM6 provides updated international standards covering the methodologies for compiling, and the presentation of, balance of payments and IIP statistics. It incorporates clarifications and improvements reflecting significant developments and expansion in globalized international trade arrangements and financial markets that had been identified since the release of the fifth edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5) in 1993. Moreover, the linkages to and consistency with other macroeconomic statistics are maintained and enhanced through the parallel update of the OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment and the System of National Accounts. Manual, published in 1977. Volumes 46–62 were presented in accordance with the standard components of the BPM5. However, the standard components changed with the publication of Financial Derivatives, a Supplement to the Fifth Edition (1993) of the Balance of Payments Manual, published in 2000 and amended in 2002. As noted, Volume 63 and subsequent volumes were presented based on BPM6. Beginning 2019, BOPSY is released in electronic format only. International Monetary Fund: Balance of Payments Statistics: Introductory Notes, as of November 2023 3 For many decades, the IMF has published data on a basis that is consistent across countries and across time periods. Such data consistency is required to perform cross-country data comparisons, track growth rates across time, and produce regional or global data aggregates. Data conversion work undertaken by IMF staff, in close consultation with IMF member countries, has made possible the presentation in the BPM6 format of data for the few economies that have not yet implemented BPM6. To assist users in understanding the impact of conversion to BPM6, as well as in understanding major methodological changes from BPM5 to BPM6, see FAQs on Conversion from BPM5 to BPM6 The methodologies, compiling practices, and data sources available through data.imf.org are based on information provided to the IMF by reporting countries. The descriptions are intended to enhance user understanding of the coverage, as well as the limitations, of individual country data. At the same time, they are useful in informing compilers of data sources and practices used by their counterparts in other countries.

Financial Access Survey (FAS) indicators are expressed as ratios to GDP, land area, or adult population to facilitate cross-economy comparisons. Provision of FAS data is voluntary.

The Financial Access Survey draws on the IMF's Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual and Compilation Guide (http://data.imf.org/api/document/download?key=61061648)

United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Overdue Obligations data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in Jun 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for Mar 2018. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Overdue Obligations data is updated quarterly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Mar 1945 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 294 observations. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Overdue Obligations data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position: Quarterly.

The Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS) presents the value of merchandise exports and imports disaggregated according to a country's primary trading partners. Area and world aggregates are included in the display of trade flows between major areas of the world. Reported data is supplemented by estimates whenever such data is not available or current. Imports are reported on a cost, insurance and freight (CIF) basis and exports are reported on a free on board (FOB) basis, with the exception of a few countries for which imports are also available FOB. Time series data includes estimates derived from reports of partner countries for non-reporting and slow-reporting countries.

For further details, please see the Guide to Direction of Trade Statistics, 1993.

This collection includes only a subset of indicators from the source dataset.

United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: Fund Holdings of Currency data was reported at 74,684.565 XDR mn in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 75,513.332 XDR mn for 2016. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: Fund Holdings of Currency data is updated yearly, averaging 7,601.500 XDR mn from Dec 1945 (Median) to 2017, with 73 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 75,513.332 XDR mn in 2016 and a record low of 0.000 XDR mn in 1945. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: Fund Holdings of Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position: Annual.

The IMF's World Revenue Longitudinal Data set (WoRLD) is a compilation of government tax and non-tax revenues from the IMF's Government Finance Statistics and World Economic Outlook, and drawing on the OECD Revenue Statistics and Revenue Statistics in Latin American and the Caribbean.

The dataset comprises of spliced revenue data taken from the following sources: WEO, GFS, OECD and various IMF Staff Reports.

United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Lending to the Fund data was reported at 4.322 USD bn in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.502 USD bn for Sep 2018. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Lending to the Fund data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Jan 1945 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 886 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.682 USD bn in Jun 2014 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Apr 2011. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Lending to the Fund data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position.

Germany DE: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: UFC: General Resources Account data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for 2016. Germany DE: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: UFC: General Resources Account data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 1945 (Median) to 2017, with 73 observations. Germany DE: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: UFC: General Resources Account data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position: Annual.

United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Fund Holdings of Currency data was reported at 101.440 USD bn in Jun 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 108.329 USD bn for Mar 2018. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Fund Holdings of Currency data is updated quarterly, averaging 8.801 USD bn from Mar 1945 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 294 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 109.184 USD bn in Mar 2016 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Sep 1946. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Fund Holdings of Currency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position: Quarterly.

United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: UFC: General Resources Account data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in Jun 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for Mar 2018. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: UFC: General Resources Account data is updated quarterly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Mar 1945 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 294 observations. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: UFC: General Resources Account data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position: Quarterly.

Jordan JO: IMF Account: Fund Position: Allocations of SDRs to Date data was reported at 162.071 XDR mn in 2017. This stayed constant from the previous number of 162.071 XDR mn for 2016. Jordan JO: IMF Account: Fund Position: Allocations of SDRs to Date data is updated yearly, averaging 16.887 XDR mn from Dec 1945 (Median) to 2017, with 73 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 162.071 XDR mn in 2017 and a record low of 0.000 XDR mn in 1969. Jordan JO: IMF Account: Fund Position: Allocations of SDRs to Date data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Jordan – Table JO.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position: Annual.

Mexico MX: IMF Account: Fund Position: Lending to the Fund data was reported at 215.300 XDR mn in 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 280.800 XDR mn for 2017. Mexico MX: IMF Account: Fund Position: Lending to the Fund data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 XDR mn from Dec 1945 (Median) to 2018, with 74 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 649.190 XDR mn in 2013 and a record low of 0.000 XDR mn in 2010. Mexico MX: IMF Account: Fund Position: Lending to the Fund data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position: Annual.

United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Allocations of SDRs to Date data was reported at 48.811 USD bn in Oct 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 49.274 USD bn for Sep 2018. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Allocations of SDRs to Date data is updated monthly, averaging 5.158 USD bn from Jan 1945 (Median) to Oct 2018, with 886 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 57.245 USD bn in Apr 2011 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Dec 1969. United States US: IMF Account: Fund Position: USD: Allocations of SDRs to Date data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.IMF.IFS: IMF Account: Fund Position.