An analysis of data from 2018 estimated that around 35 percent of those in the U.S. with a household income of less than 15,000 U.S. dollars were at risk of serious illness if infected with coronavirus as of May 2020. The statistic illustrates the share of adults aged 18 to 64 years who were at risk of serious illness if infected with coronavirus as of May 2020, by household income.

ObjectivesAnalyzing and comparing COVID-19 infection and case-fatality rates across different regions can help improve our response to future pandemics.MethodsWe used public data from the WHO to calculate and compare the COVID-19 infection and case-fatality rates in different continents and income levels from 2019 to 2023.ResultsThe Global prevalence of COVID-19 increased from 0.011 to 0.098, while case fatality rates declined from 0.024 to 0.009. Europe reported the highest cumulative infection rate (0.326), with Africa showing the lowest (0.011). Conversely, Africa experienced the highest cumulative case fatality rates (0.020), with Oceania the lowest (0.002). Infection rates in Asia showed a steady increase in contrast to other continents which observed initial rises followed by decreases. A correlation between economic status and infection rates was identified; high-income countries had the highest cumulative infection rate (0.353) and lowest case fatality rate (0.006). Low-income countries showed low cumulative infection rates (0.006) but the highest case fatality rate (0.016). Initially, high and upper-middle-income countries experienced elevated initial infection and case fatality rates, which subsequently underwent significant reductions.ConclusionsCOVID-19 rates varied significantly by continent and income level. Europe and the Americas faced surges in infections and low case fatality rates. In contrast, Africa experienced low infection rates and higher case fatality rates, with lower- and middle-income nations exceeding case fatality rates in high-income countries over time.

According to a survey conducted in South Korea in 2021, about 58.4 percent of respondents said their income had decreased due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Only about 12.6 percent of respondents reported an increase in their income after the pandemic.

Analysis of ‘COVID-19 State Data’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://www.kaggle.com/nightranger77/covid19-state-data on 28 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

This dataset is a per-state amalgamation of demographic, public health and other relevant predictors for COVID-19.

Deaths, Infections and Tests by State

The COVID Tracking Project: https://covidtracking.com/data/api

Used positive, death and totalTestResults from the API for, respectively, Infected, Deaths and Tested in this dataset. Please read the documentation of the API for more context on those columns

Predictor Data and Sources

Population (2020)

Density is people per meter squared https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/

ICU Beds and Age 60+

https://khn.org/news/as-coronavirus-spreads-widely-millions-of-older-americans-live-in-counties-with-no-icu-beds/

GDP

https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/gdp-by-state/

Income per capita (2018)

https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/per-capita-income-by-state/

Gini

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_Gini_coefficient

Unemployment (2020)

Rates from Feb 2020 and are percentage of labor force
https://www.bls.gov/web/laus/laumstrk.htm

Sex (2017)

Ratio is Male / Female
https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-gender/

Smoking Percentage (2020)

https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/smoking-rates-by-state/

Influenza and Pneumonia Death Rate (2018)

Death rate per 100,000 people
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/flu_pneumonia_mortality/flu_pneumonia.htm

Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease Death Rate (2018)

Death rate per 100,000 people
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/lung_disease_mortality/lung_disease.htm

Active Physicians (2019)

https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/total-active-physicians/

Hospitals (2018)

https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/total-hospitals

Health spending per capita

Includes spending for all health care services and products by state of residence. Hospital spending is included and reflects the total net revenue. Costs such as insurance, administration, research, and construction expenses are not included.
https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/avg-annual-growth-per-capita/

Pollution (2019)

Pollution: Average exposure of the general public to particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less (PM2.5) measured in micrograms per cubic meter (3-year estimate)
https://www.americashealthrankings.org/explore/annual/measure/air/state/ALL

Medium and Large Airports

For each state, number of medium and large airports https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports_in_the_United_States

Temperature (2019)

Note that FL was incorrect in the table, but is corrected in the Hottest States paragraph
https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/average-temperatures-by-state/
District of Columbia temperature computed as the average of Maryland and Virginia

Urbanization (2010)

Urbanization as a percentage of the population https://www.icip.iastate.edu/tables/population/urban-pct-states

Age Groups (2018)

https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-age/

School Closure Dates

Schools that haven't closed are marked NaN https://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/map-coronavirus-and-school-closures.html

Note that some datasets above did not contain data for District of Columbia, this missing data was found via Google searches manually entered.

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

This dataset is a per-state amalgamation of demographic, public health and other relevant predictors for COVID-19.

Deaths, Infections and Tests by State

The COVID Tracking Project: https://covidtracking.com/data/api

Used positive, death and totalTestResults from the API for, respectively, Infected, Deaths and Tested in this dataset. Please read the documentation of the API for more context on those columns

Predictor Data and Sources

Population (2020)

Density is people per meter squared https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/

ICU Beds and Age 60+

https://khn.org/news/as-coronavirus-spreads-widely-millions-of-older-americans-live-in-counties-with-no-icu-beds/

GDP

https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/gdp-by-state/

Income per capita (2018)

https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/per-capita-income-by-state/

Gini

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_Gini_coefficient

Unemployment (2020)

Rates from Feb 2020 and are percentage of labor force
https://www.bls.gov/web/laus/laumstrk.htm

Sex (2017)

Ratio is Male / Female
https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-gender/

Smoking Percentage (2020)

https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/smoking-rates-by-state/

Influenza and Pneumonia Death Rate (2018)

Death rate per 100,000 people
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/flu_pneumonia_mortality/flu_pneumonia.htm

Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease Death Rate (2018)

Death rate per 100,000 people
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/sosmap/lung_disease_mortality/lung_disease.htm

Active Physicians (2019)

https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/total-active-physicians/

Hospitals (2018)

https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/total-hospitals

Health spending per capita

Includes spending for all health care services and products by state of residence. Hospital spending is included and reflects the total net revenue. Costs such as insurance, administration, research, and construction expenses are not included.
https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/avg-annual-growth-per-capita/

Pollution (2019)

Pollution: Average exposure of the general public to particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less (PM2.5) measured in micrograms per cubic meter (3-year estimate)
https://www.americashealthrankings.org/explore/annual/measure/air/state/ALL

Medium and Large Airports

For each state, number of medium and large airports https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports_in_the_United_States

Temperature (2019)

Note that FL was incorrect in the table, but is corrected in the Hottest States paragraph
https://worldpopulationreview.com/states/average-temperatures-by-state/
District of Columbia temperature computed as the average of Maryland and Virginia

Urbanization (2010)

Urbanization as a percentage of the population https://www.icip.iastate.edu/tables/population/urban-pct-states

Age Groups (2018)

https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-by-age/

School Closure Dates

Schools that haven't closed are marked NaN https://www.edweek.org/ew/section/multimedia/map-coronavirus-and-school-closures.html

Note that some datasets above did not contain data for District of Columbia, this missing data was found via Google searches manually entered.

Odds ratios of severe COVID-19 illness among those infected from 1 July to 31 December 2020, individuals living in under-65 households.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global COVID-19 diagnostics market size will be USD 33562.6 million in 2025. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 22.10% from 2025 to 2033.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 13425.04 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20.3% from 2025 to 2033.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 10068.78 million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 7719.40 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 24.1% from 2025 to 2033.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1678.13 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.5% from 2025 to 2033.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 671.25 million in 2025 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.8% from 2025 to 2033.
The hospitals category led the COVID-19 diagnostics market.

Market Dynamics of COVID-19 Diagnostics Market

Key Drivers for COVID-19 Diagnostics Market

Growing Coronavirus Disease Frequency to Boost Market Growth

The need for COVID-19 diagnostic tools and techniques has increased as a result of the abrupt increase in the infectious coronavirus illness that caused a worldwide epidemic. In addition to raising security issues and necessitating the diagnosis and isolation of infected individuals, the increasing number of potential infections and the requirement to verify test findings have led to a rise in interest in more kits, which is anticipated to propel market expansion. The sales of kits and reagents used to identify coronavirus infections are likely to rise as a result of these causes. Furthermore, increasing R&D efforts is likely to fuel market expansion. For instance, In August 2022, Thermo Fisher Scientific, the global leader in academic services, revealed the release of its newest assurance of quality tool, the Thermo Scientific AcroMetrix Coronavirus (COVID-19) RNA Management, to monitor and verify the COVID-19 molecular diagnostic procedures

(Source: https://newsroom.thermofisher.com/newsroom/press-releases/press-release-details/2020/Thermo-Fisher-Scientific-Launches-New-AcroMetrix-Coronavirus-2019-COVID-19-RNA-Control-RUO-03-31-2020/default.aspx/)

Innovative Technology Integrating in Diagnosis to Drive Market Growth

The COVID-19 diagnostics market is developing as a result of the use of technological methods, such as artificial intelligence and cloud-based platforms. Tools with AI capabilities evaluate test data more quickly and precisely, lowering the possibility of human mistakes. Digital platforms have also made it easier to gather data for epidemiological investigations, trace contacts, and share results remotely. The ability of AI to identify COVID-19 infection from lung X-rays with a reliability that surpasses proving its usefulness in diagnostics was demonstrated in research that has appeared in Nature. Consequently, the growing use of cutting-edge technologies in diagnostics drives the growth of the COVID-19 diagnostics market.

Restraint Factor for the COVID-19 Diagnostics Market

Inadequate Facilities for Healthcare, will Limit Market Growth

The expansion of the COVID-19 diagnostics market is largely restricted by insufficient medical infrastructures, particularly in frontier regions. Complicated and pure reagents, including digestive enzymes, primers, and instruments, are essential for conducting studies in clinical labs. Shortages of these reagents have been caused by a number of circumstances, including hoarding, export restrictions, and an abrupt increase in demand. Furthermore, these reagents are produced by restricted enterprises, which results in a lack of supply because of insufficient manufacturing resources. Consequently, it is projected that the inadequate global reagent demand-to-supply ratio would negatively impact the overall diagnostic rate and hinder market expansion.

Market Trends in COVID-19 Diagnostics Market

The Absolute Importance of Test Kits in Medical Facilities

The global expansion of the coronavirus has increased the demand for coronavirus testing equipment. Coronav...

In September 2020, after the first wave of Covid-19 infections in India, ** percent of strugglers with an income of less than *** thousand Indian rupees annually, responded that the main reason for mobile phone purchases was a functional advantage. For only * percent an upgradation triggered a purchase. Before the onset of the coronavirus pandemic in India in March 2020, upgradation was quoted as a reason for buying a new phone more often. Also experimental and spontaneous purchases were more often in low income groups. Among affluent income groups a similar, but less drastic change can be observed, but experimental purchases among affluent groups are more dominant.

Using a sample of 1,211 households in Pakistan, we examine the effects of COVID-19 on three key domains: education, economic, and health-related. First, during school closures, 66 percent of surveyed households report not using technology for learning at all. Wealth disparities mar access to distance learning, and richer households are 39 percent more likely to use technology for learning compared to the poorest households. This has implications for learning remediation as children head back to school. Second, more than half of the respondents report a reduction in income and one-fifth report being food insecure during the lockdown in the first week of May, 2020. Only one-fifth of households reporting a reduction in income and one-fifth of respondents reporting a reduction in the number of meals consumed report being covered by the federal government’s cash transfer program. Third, while a majority of respondents (90 percent) report adopting precautionary measures such as face masks, a vast majority of respondents (78 percent) underestimate the risk of contracting a COVID-19 infection compared to tuberculosis. With schools reopening in a phased manner since mid-September, most respondents (68 percent) believe that school reopenings will further increase the risk of COVID-19 infections. (2020)

These datasets contain the results of three surveys carried out in Paraguayan border cities (Asunción, Ciudad del Este and Encarnación) to inquire about the socioeconomic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and its containment measures. They provide information regarding employment relations, impacts on household income, incidence of COVID-19 infections, home-schooling, State aid and community organizing, border relations, care and domestic work, as well as views on lockdown measures.

The surveys are part of the project "Consequences of the Covid-19 crisis on Social Inequalities and Convivial Relations in Three Paraguayan Border Cities", which also applied qualitative methods by carrying out focus-groups with residents of Asunción, Ciudad del Este and Encarnación. The following questions guided the research: To what extent has access to protection measures against COVID-19 been affected by regional differences and/or hierarchies based on gender and class? How have containment measures (different stages of lockdown and mobility restrictions) affected income, access to education and other basic services, as well as the general well-being of the population, considering regional, gender, and class differences? What repercussions have the containment measures had within households, considering the distribution of domestic and care work, as well as the use of domestic space? What differences can be identified between households occupying different positions in the social structure? What impact have containment measures had on community relations, considering geographical and social differences?

By focusing on Paraguay, the project enables a deeper understanding of how people in countries with high levels of inequality, elevated degrees of informality and lack of social security were affected by COVID-19 containment measures, and how the population organized to cope with these difficult circumstances.

The datasets (in SPSS, one per city) are in Spanish. For ease of use, we provide a description of the variables in English in a separate file. The original questionnaire and a translation into English, as well as a document with technical information on the sampling method, expansion factors and social stratification model are also available for download.

Objective: To identify the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with the prevalence of self-reported long-COVID symptoms.Method: We examined the association between acute-COVID (SARS-CoV-2) and long-COVID symptoms, by a cross-sectional analysis of data obtained on a prospective online-survey, conducted from November to December 2021 on a nationally-representative sample of the Israeli population (N = 2,246).Results: Findings suggest that there is a greater likelihood of experiencing long-COVID symptoms among low-income and among marginalized groups. After controlling for demographic and socioeconomic attributes, those who had moderate/severe acute-COVID were 1.3 (p < 0.05) times more likely to experience a long-term symptom and also reported more long-term symptoms (2.2 symptoms) than those who have not been infected (1.4 symptoms; p < 0.01). Among the low-income group, a larger gap in symptom count was found between those who had moderate/severe acute-COVID (3.3 symptoms) and those who had not been infected (1.8 symptoms, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of raising awareness of long-COVID among marginalized population groups, and to the therapeutic options available. Such efforts should be tailored and should consider the unique socioeconomic and cultural characteristics, as well as the preexisting low access to healthcare services among these groups.

This test dataset consists of one table of variables collected in PRIEST dataset. The PRIEST (Pandemic Respiratory Infection Emergency System Triage) Study for Low and Middle-Income Countries (DP – PRIEST)

To ensure hospitals in low- and middle- income countries are not overwhelmed during the COVID-19 pandemic by developing a risk assessment tool for clinicians to quickly decide whether a patient needs emergency care or can be safely sent home.

Carl Marincowitz and colleagues at the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom and the University of Cape Town in South Africa have developed a risk assessment tool to help emergency clinicians quickly decide whether a patient with suspected COVID-19 needs emergency care or can be safely treated at home to avoid overburdening hospitals particularly in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). They have used existing data to which they have access on 50,000 patients with suspected COVID-19 infection who sought emergency care in the United Kingdom, South Africa, and Sudan to develop prediction models for specific COVID-19 related outcomes in all income settings. These prediction models have been used to develop risk stratification tools, which enable providers to identify the right level of care and services for distinct subgroups of patients. These have been developed with input from patient and clinical stakeholders. The team have tested the performance of their risk assessment tools for identifying high-risk patients with existing triage methods.

Global Coronavirus Infection market size 2025 was XX Million. Coronavirus Infection Industry compound annual growth rate (CAGR) will be XX% from 2025 till 2033.

Introducing national lockdowns is an effective strategy to contain the Covid-19 pandemic. In Austria, the first Covid-19-related lockdown was introduced on 15 March 2020 with most restrictions being lifted one month later. Seven months later, in November 2020, the second hard lockdown was implemented. The presented dataset contains data from the two waves of an online survey which aimed at comparing the perceptions and experiences of the general population related to the first two Covid-19 lockdowns in Austria. The first wave of data collection was conducted between 27 May and 16 June 2020, with all questions referring to the one-month lockdown period in Austria between 15 March and 15 April 2020. The second wave of data collection was conducted between 2 December and 9 December 2020 with questions referring to the second national lockdown in Austria between 17 November and 6 December 2020. In total 560 respondents were included in the first wave of the survey. Of these 560 participants, 228 provided their e-mail addresses and agreed to be contacted in the future. From the 228 persons who were re-contacted during the second wave of the survey, 141 responded among which 134 provided valid answers and were included in the dataset. Download and use of the data is conditional upon citation of the documents in any resulting work/publication as follows: Simon, J, Łaszewska, A, Helter, T (2021) Perceptions of Covid-19 lockdowns and related public health measures in Austria: Dataset, Version 10-03-2021, Department of Health Economics, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4598821 and Simon, J., Helter, T.M., White, R.G. et al. Impacts of the Covid-19 lockdown and relevant vulnerabilities on capability well-being, mental health and social support: an Austrian survey study. BMC Public Health 21, 314 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10351-5 License: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Variables included in the dataset: 1. Demographic characteristics 2. Covid-19-related questions - Tested positive for Covid-19 or experienced Covid-19 symptoms - Indirect Covid-19 experience defined as having a friend and/or family member infected or knowing someone who died of Covid-19 - Quarantine or self-isolation in the past months - Concern about infection with SARS-CoV-2 - Concern about family member infected with SARS-CoV-2 3. Lockdown-related questions - Personal experiences of the Covid-19 lockdowns: threat to livelihood/income, more difficult than usual for to focus on work or normal, daily activities, being less busy than usual, feeling more isolated than usual, the lockdown restrictions are necessary to limit spread of the virus, understanding better what is really important in life, greater sense of appreciation for the healthcare workers, communicating with relatives more often, feeling that people have become more friendly towards other people, feeling more connected to the members of the local community - Perceptions of the necessity of public health measures during the first lockdown: commuting to and from work only when absolutely necessary, walks only with people living in the same household, closure of all non-essential business premises, only necessary purchases, no physical contact with family members outside the same household, mouth and nose protection in public spaces - Perceptions of the necessity of public health measures during the second lockdown: restrictions on leaving private living space, school closing and distance learning, closure of all non-essential shops and businesses, mouth and nose protection in public spaces, ban on events or restrictions in the event area, distance of one meter in public space for people from different households, physical contact only with closest relatives or individual caregivers, switch to homeoffice wherever possible, visits in nursing homes and hospitals once a week, commuting to and from work only when absolutely necessary - Complying with the public health measures during the first lockdown: walks only with people from the same household, only necessary purchases e.g. groceries, medication, no physical contact with family members outside the same household, mouth and nose protection in public spaces - Complying with the public health measures during the second lockdown: restrictions on leaving private living space, mouth and nose protection in public spaces, distance of one meter in public spaces for people from different households, physical contact only with closest relatives or individual caregivers, switch to homeoffice wherever possible - Impact of the lockdowns on different life domains: marriage, parenting, friendships, work, education, leisure activities, spirituality, community life, physical self-care {"references": ["Simon, J., Helter, T.M., White, R.G. et al. Impacts of the Covid-19 lockdown and relevant vulnerabilities on capability well-being, mental health and social suppo...

This item contains all data and statistical code to replicate the analysis presented in the preprint entitled "Using rapid online surveys to assess perceptions during infectious disease outbreaks: a cross-sectional survey on Covid-19 among the general public in the United States and United Kingdom".

Background: Given the extensive time needed to conduct a nationally representative household survey and the commonly low response rate in phone surveys, rapid online surveys may be a promising method to assess and track knowledge and perceptions among the general public during fast-moving infectious disease outbreaks. Objective: To apply rapid online surveying to determine knowledge and perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) among the general public in the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK). Methods: An online questionnaire was administered to 3,000 adults residing in the US and 3,000 adults residing in the UK who had registered with Prolific Academic to participate in online research. Strata by age (18 - 27, 28 - 37, 38 - 47, 48 - 57, or 58 years), sex (male or female), and ethnicity (White, Black or African American, Asian or Asian Indian, Mixed, or “Other”), and all permutations of these strata, were established. The number of participants who could enrol in each of these strata was calculated to reflect the distribution in the US and UK general population. Enrolment into the survey within the strata was on a first-come, first-served basis. Participants completed the questionnaire between February 23 and March 2 2020. Results: 2,986 and 2,988 adults residing in the US and the UK, respectively, completed the questionnaire. 64.4% (1,924/2,986) of US and 51.5% (1,540/2,988) of UK participants had a tertiary education degree. 67.5% (2,015/2,986) of US participants had a total household income between $20,000 and $99,999, and 74.4% (2,223/2,988) of UK participants had a total household income between £15,000 and £74,999. US and UK participants’ median estimate for the probability of a fatal disease course among those infected with SARS-CoV-2 was 5.0% (IQR: 2.0% – 15.0%) and 3.0% (IQR: 2.0% – 10.0%), respectively. Participants generally had good knowledge of the main mode of disease transmission and common symptoms of Covid-19. However, a substantial proportion of participants had misconceptions about how to prevent an infection and the recommended care-seeking behavior. For instance, 37.8% (95% CI: 36.1% – 39.6%) of US and 29.7% (95% CI: 28.1% – 31.4%) of UK participants thought that wearing a common surgical mask was ‘highly effective’ in protecting them from acquiring Covid-19. 25.6% (95% CI: 24.1% – 27.2%) of US and 29.6% (95% CI: 28.0% – 31.3%) of UK participants thought it prudent to refrain from eating at Chinese restaurants. Around half (53.8% [95% CI: 52.1% – 55.6%] of US and 39.1% [95% CI: 37.4% –40.9%] of UK participants) thought that children were at an especially high risk of death when infected with SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions: The distribution of participants by total household income and education followed approximately that of the general population. The findings from this online survey could guide information campaigns by public health authorities, clinicians, and the media. More broadly, rapid online surveys could be an important tool in tracking the public’s knowledge and misperceptions during rapidly moving infectious disease outbreaks.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Hospital-Acquired Infection Diagnostic market size is USD 29845.2 million in 2024. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.90% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 11938.08 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.1% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 8953.56 million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 6864.40 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.9% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1492.26 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.3% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 596.90 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.6% from 2024 to 2031.
Hospital held the highest Hospital-Acquired Infection Diagnostic market revenue share in 2024.

Market Dynamics of Hospital-Acquired Infection Diagnostic Market

Key Drivers for Hospital-Acquired Infection Diagnostic Market

Growing Prevalence of HAIs to Increase the Demand Globally

The Hospital-Acquired Infections Diagnostics Market is primarily driven by the ongoing increase in HAIs worldwide. The growing prevalence of these diseases highlights how important it is to have efficient diagnostic tools to recognize and treat infections contracted when a patient is in a medical facility. In the United States, an HAI affects around 1 in every 31 hospitalized patients at any given moment, according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) research. This means that 633,300 individuals get an HAI each year. Every year, the healthcare system in the United States sees more than a million HAIs. Tens of thousands of people lose their lives as a result of these illnesses every year, which can cause serious morbidity and death. According to estimates, HAIs cost billions of dollars a year.

Source: https://psnet.ahrq.gov/primer/health-care-associated-infections.

Rising Collaboration to Propel Market Growth

The increasing collaboration among the key players is expected to propel the market growth over the projected period. For instance, in February 2023, Roche announced that it has strengthened its research and innovation efforts by expanding its partnership with Janssen Biotech Inc. (Janssen) to develop companion diagnostics for targeted treatments. With several companion diagnostics technologies, such as immunohistochemistry (IHC), digital pathology, next-generation sequencing, polymerase chain reaction, and immunoassays, Roche and Janssen now have more opportunities to work together in the precision medicine space thanks to the new, enlarged partnership.

Source: https://diagnostics.roche.com/global/en/news-listing/2023/roche-expands-collaboration-with-janssen-to-advance-personalised.html.

Restraint Factor for the Hospital-Acquired Infection Diagnostic Market

High Cost and Lack of Skilled Personnel to Limit the Sales

The cost of advanced diagnostic equipment and technologies may prevent them from being widely used, particularly in poor countries with tighter budgets and in smaller healthcare facilities. The entire cost of healthcare may also rise due to the high cost of reagents and equipment. Furthermore, the proficiency of medical practitioners influences the efficacy of diagnostic procedures. Market expansion may be hampered by a lack of qualified laboratory workers and medical professionals versed in the use of cutting-edge diagnostic equipment.

Impact of Covid-19 on the Hospital-Acquired Infection Diagnostic Market

The hospital-acquired infection (HAI) diagnostic market has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic in several ways. While there have been several difficulties, there have also been fresh prospects and developments in healthcare procedures that may ultimately be advantageous to the market. Due to the pandemic, financial investments, manpower, and equipment were reallocated to the COVID-19 management effort. This change took resources and focus away from other areas of healthcar...

ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe changes in socioeconomic and health conditions of Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with data from a web-based behavioral survey carried out from April 24 to May 24, 2020, with 45,161 participants recruited by the chain sampling method. A descriptive analysis of the survey topics was performed: adherence to social restriction measures, diagnosis of the new coronavirus, work situation and income, difficulties in routine activities, presence of comorbidities, psychological issues, and access to health services. Prevalence and respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Results: Approximately 74% of Brazilians adhered to social restrictions. As for flu symptoms, 28.1% reported having at least one flu symptom, but only 5.9% underwent testing for COVID-19. Regarding the socioeconomic impact, 55.1% reported a decrease in family income, and 7.0% were left without any income; 25.8% of the people lost their jobs, with the group of informal workers being the most affected (50.6%). As for health conditions, 29.4% reported worsening of health status; 45%, having sleep problems; 40% frequently presented feelings of sadness, and 52.5%, of anxiety; 21.7% sought health care, and, among them, 13.9% did not get care. Conclusion: The findings show the importance of controlling the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, to mitigate the adverse effects on the socioeconomic and health conditions related to social restriction measures.

The majority of Romanians stated that the main consequence of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Romania was that they either lost their job or had a lower income. Only one percent of respondents admitted to having been infected with COVID-19.

The first case of COVID-19 in Mexico was detected on March 1, 2020. By the end of the year, the total number of confirmed infections had surpassed 1.4 million. Meanwhile, the number of deaths related to the disease was nearing 148,000. On May 11, 2025, the number of cases recorded had reached 7.6 million, while the number of deaths amounted to around 335,000. The relevance of the Omicron variant Omicron, a highly contagious COVID-19 variant, was declared of concern by the World Health Organization (WHO) at the end of November 2021. As the pandemic unfolded, it became the variant with the highest share of COVID-19 cases in the world. In Latin America, countries such as Colombia, Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico were strongly affected. In fact, by 2023 nearly all analyzed sequences within these countries corresponded to an Omicron subvariant. Beyond a health crisis As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed worldwide, the respiratory disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 virus first detected in Wuhan brought considerable economic consequences for countries and households. While Mexico’s gross domestic product (GDP) in current prices declined in 2020 compared to the previous year, a survey conducted among adults during the first months of 2021 showed COVID-19 impacted families mainly through finances and employment, with around one third of households in Mexico reporting an income reduction and the same proportion having at least one household member suffering from the disease.Find the most up-to-date information about the coronavirus pandemic in the world under Statista’s COVID-19 facts and figures site.

Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 Sales Market Outlook

In 2023, the global market size for Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 was approximately USD 500 million and is projected to reach USD 700 million by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.8% from 2024 to 2032. The demand for hydroxychloroquine experienced a significant surge initially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, largely due to widespread media coverage and the endorsement by some high-profile figures as a potential treatment. However, the market dynamics are complex, with ongoing debates about its efficacy and safety continuing to shape its sales outlook. Despite these challenges, various factors are contributing to a moderate yet steady growth trajectory, as clinical research evolves and new guidelines for its use in COVID-19 treatments are established.

The growth of the Hydroxychloroquine market for COVID-19 is driven by several factors, particularly the continued global burden of COVID-19 infections and the exploration of various therapeutic protocols. Physicians in some regions continue to consider hydroxychloroquine as part of a broader treatment plan, especially in cases where patients have specific health profiles that may benefit from its use. Furthermore, ongoing clinical trials and studies continue to investigate its potential benefits, which keeps hydroxychloroquine relevant in the pharmaceutical market. Public and governmental demand for cost-effective treatment solutions in the face of limited healthcare resources in certain areas also contributes to its sustained market presence. Additionally, the affordability of hydroxychloroquine compared to newer, more expensive antiviral medications makes it an attractive option, especially in low to middle-income countries where healthcare budgets are constrained.

Another factor contributing to the market growth is the extensive distribution network supporting hydroxychloroquine sales. The robust supply chain encompasses a diverse range of distribution channels, including hospital pharmacies, retail pharmacies, and online platforms. This extensive reach ensures that hydroxychloroquine remains accessible, even as the pandemic continues to fluctuate globally. Online pharmacies have seen an uptick in demand as patients and healthcare providers seek convenient and safe methods for procuring medications during ongoing COVID-19 waves. Furthermore, the digitization of pharmaceutical sales and improved logistics have facilitated the maintenance of adequate stock levels, thus supporting consistent sales and usage of hydroxychloroquine.

Regulatory support and guidelines have also played a pivotal role in sustaining the market for hydroxychloroquine. While initial approvals for its use in COVID-19 were provisional, continued research efforts and updated clinical guidelines have solidified its role, albeit limited, in certain treatment protocols. Regulatory bodies in some countries have provided emergency use authorizations that keep hydroxychloroquine in circulation within healthcare systems. This regulatory backing, coupled with ongoing research, helps maintain its relevance in the market even as new treatments emerge. Additionally, production capacity has been scaled up by pharmaceutical companies to meet variable demand, ensuring that supply can meet potential surges driven by new waves of the pandemic.

Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate, a derivative of chloroquine, has been widely used for decades in the treatment of malaria and certain autoimmune diseases. Its application in the context of COVID-19 has sparked considerable interest and debate within the medical community. Despite mixed results from various studies, the compound's established safety profile in other conditions has led some healthcare providers to continue its use under specific circumstances. The ongoing research and clinical trials aim to better understand its role and efficacy in treating COVID-19, which could potentially influence future guidelines and recommendations. As the global health landscape evolves, Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate remains a focal point for researchers exploring its broader therapeutic potential.

Regionally, the market exhibits varied dynamics with North America and Europe leading in terms of usage due to their advanced healthcare systems and robust research frameworks. The Asia Pacific region, however, is anticipated to witness the highest growth rate, driven by its large population base and the increasing burden of COVID-19 cases. In contrast, regions like Latin America and the Middle East & Africa