A multi-millionaire is defined as someone owning ** million U.S. dollars or more. It was forecasted that there would be almost ** thousand individuals in Australia defined as multi-millionaires by 2026. This is in line with the country’s growing economy over the years as well as the growing wealth inequality that was becoming a cause for concern in the island nation.
Distribution of the wealthy
As a rich country with plenty of natural resources and a high Human Development Index, Australia had always had a large number of high net-worth individuals or HNWIs. There were over *** thousand millionaires including a couple dozen of billionaires, with these figures expected to grow significantly over the next few years.
Income inequality
Despite the increase of wealth and economic growth, there was a concern at the level of poverty and homelessness due to the rising wealth inequality nationally. The number of homeless people living in Australia had only been increasing with more than a hundred thousand people currently without shelter. Furthermore, most of the wealth was being pushed from the country to the cities, affecting the livelihood of those living in the countryside or outback.
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Australia Percentage of Households: One Family: Other: Source of Income: Wages And Salaries data was reported at 71.700 % in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 68.600 % for 2018. Australia Percentage of Households: One Family: Other: Source of Income: Wages And Salaries data is updated yearly, averaging 72.150 % from Jun 2003 (Median) to 2020, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 79.500 % in 2003 and a record low of 68.600 % in 2018. Australia Percentage of Households: One Family: Other: Source of Income: Wages And Salaries data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Australian Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Australia – Table AU.H040: Survey of Income and Housing: Percentage of Households: by Source of Income.
In 2022, the wealthiest top one percent of Australians held 9.9 percent of the national income. The bottom 50 percent of Australians had 17.2 percent of the national income.
60 percent of Australians were in the wealth range between 100,000 and one million U.S. dollars in 2020. Just 9.4 percent of Australian adults had wealth of over one million U.S. dollars, which was slightly less than the share of people who had under 10,000 U.S. dollars in wealth.
Wealth distribution in the Asia-Pacific
In 2020, China had the highest number of millionaires, followed by Japan and Australia. The number of millionaires in Australia was forecasted to increase from 1.8 million to three million by 2025. According to a source, among the Asia-Pacific countries, Australia ranked second in the share of wealth per adult. The source had revealed the wealth per adult in Australia was more than 483 thousand U.S. dollars in 2020.
LGBTQ community of Australia
In 2020, a survey of working adults in Australia revealed that LGBTQ adults were employed in public services and the law enforcement across the country. On the one hand, more than 38 percent of LGBTQ individuals had a role as as a team member, above 12 percent of respondents answered that they were either team leader or supervisor.
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The average for 2021 based on 1 countries was 22 percent. The highest value was in Tonga: 22 percent and the lowest value was in Tonga: 22 percent. The indicator is available from 1963 to 2023. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.
In the 2018 financial year, the 90th percentile in Australia had a household net worth reaching about 2.93 million Australian dollars. By comparison the 10th percentile had a household net worth of 31,400 Australian dollars.
https://dataverse.ada.edu.au/api/datasets/:persistentId/versions/4.0/customlicense?persistentId=doi:10.26193/24EJSThttps://dataverse.ada.edu.au/api/datasets/:persistentId/versions/4.0/customlicense?persistentId=doi:10.26193/24EJST
The Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey is a nationally representative longitudinal study of Australian households which commenced in 2001. Funded by the Australian Government Department of Social Services (DSS), the HILDA Survey is managed by the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research at the University of Melbourne. The HILDA Survey provides longitudinal data on the lives of Australian residents. Its primary objective is to support research questions falling within three broad and inter-related areas of income, labour market and family dynamics. The HILDA Survey is a household-based panel study of Australian households and, as such, it interviews all household members (15 years and over) of the selected households and then re-interviews the same people in subsequent years. This dataset is the 21st release of the HILDA data, incorporating data collected from 2001 through 2021 (Waves 1-21). The special topic module in Wave 21 is health, and includes questions on health care utilisation, physical and mental health, diet, lifestyle, quantity and quality of sleep, and children’s health. Please note that this release of the HILDA Restricted Release is now superseded, and is available by email request only to ada@ada.edu.au. For the current release, please visit https://ada.edu.au/hilda_rr_current
According to Forbes Asia's *** Best Under a Billion 2024 list, the net income of Australian-based CAR Group reached approximately *** million U.S. dollars in fiscal year 2023. This was the highest net income for an Australian company with revenue under one billion U.S. dollars.
https://dataverse.ada.edu.au/api/datasets/:persistentId/versions/7.1/customlicense?persistentId=doi:10.26193/R4IN30https://dataverse.ada.edu.au/api/datasets/:persistentId/versions/7.1/customlicense?persistentId=doi:10.26193/R4IN30
The Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey is a nationally representative longitudinal study of Australian households which commenced in 2001. Funded by the Australian Government Department of Social Services (DSS), the HILDA Survey is managed by the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research at the University of Melbourne. The HILDA Survey provides longitudinal data on the lives of Australian residents. Its primary objective is to support research questions falling within three broad and inter-related areas of income, labour market and family dynamics. The HILDA Survey is a household-based panel study of Australian households and, as such, it interviews all household members (15 years and over) of the selected households and then re-interviews the same people in subsequent years. This dataset is the 22nd release of the HILDA data, incorporating data collected from 2001 through 2022 (Waves 1-22). The special topic module in Wave 22 is wealth, and includes questions on employment-related discrimination, updates to citizenship and permanent residency and material deprivation
In 2023, Switzerland led the ranking of countries with the highest average wealth per adult, with approximately ******* U.S. dollars per person. Luxembourg was ranked second with an average wealth of around ******* U.S. dollars per adult, followed by Hong Kong SAR. However, the figures do not show the actual distribution of wealth. The Gini index shows wealth disparities in countries worldwide. Does wealth guarantee a longer life? As the old adage goes, “money can’t buy you happiness”, yet wealth and income are continuously correlated to the quality of life of individuals in different countries around the world. While greater levels of wealth may not guarantee a higher quality of life, it certainly increases an individual’s chances of having a longer one. Although they do not show the whole picture, life expectancy at birth is higher in the wealthier world regions. Does money bring happiness? A number of the world’s happiest nations also feature in the list of those countries for which average income was highest. Finland, however, which was the happiest country worldwide in 2022, is missing from the list of the top twenty countries with the highest wealth per adult. As such, the explanation for this may be the fact that the larger proportion of the population has access to a high income relative to global levels. Measures of quality of life Criticism of the use of income or wealth as a proxy for quality of life led to the creation of the United Nations’ Human Development Index. Although income is included within the index, it also has other factors taken into account, such as health and education. As such, the countries with the highest human development index can be correlated to those with the highest income levels. That said, none of the above measures seek to assess the physical and mental environmental impact of a high quality of life sourced through high incomes. The happy planet index demonstrates that the inclusion of experienced well-being and ecological footprint in place of income and other proxies for quality of life results in many of the world’s materially poorer nations being included in the happiest.
This file contains data on Gini coefficients, cumulative quintile shares, explanations regarding the basis on which the Gini coefficient was computed, and the source of the information. There are two data-sets, one containing the "high quality" sample and the other one including all the information (of lower quality) that had been collected.
The database was constructed for the production of the following paper:
Deininger, Klaus and Lyn Squire, "A New Data Set Measuring Income Inequality", The World Bank Economic Review, 10(3): 565-91, 1996.
This article presents a new data set on inequality in the distribution of income. The authors explain the criteria they applied in selecting data on Gini coefficients and on individual quintile groups’ income shares. Comparison of the new data set with existing compilations reveals that the data assembled here represent an improvement in quality and a significant expansion in coverage, although differences in the definition of the underlying data might still affect intertemporal and international comparability. Based on this new data set, the authors do not find a systematic link between growth and changes in aggregate inequality. They do find a strong positive relationship between growth and reduction of poverty.
In what follows, we provide brief descriptions of main features for individual countries that are included in the data-base. Without being comprehensive, these notes are intended to indicate some of the considerations underlying our decision to include or exclude certain observations.
Argentina Various permanent household surveys, all covering urban centers only, have been regularly conducted since 1972 and are quoted in a wide variety of sources and years, e.g., for 1980 (World Bank 1992), 1985 (Altimir 1994), and 1989 (World Bank 1992). Estimates for 1963, 1965, 1969/70, 1970/71, 1974, 1975, 1980, and 1981 (Altimir 1987) are based only on Greater Buenos Aires. Estimates for 1961, 1963, 1970 (Jain 1975) and for 1970 (van Ginneken 1984) have only limited geographic coverage and do not satisfy our minimum criteria.
Despite the many urban surveys, there are no income distribution data that are representative of the population as a whole. References to national income distribution for the years 1953, 1959, and 1961(CEPAL 1968 in Altimir 1986 ) are based on extrapolation from national accounts and have therefore not been included. Data for 1953 and 1961 from Weisskoff (1970) , from Lecaillon (1984) , and from Cromwell (1977) are also excluded.
Australia Household surveys, the result of which is reported in the statistical yearbook, have been conducted in 1968/9, 1975/6, 1978/9, 1981, 1985, 1986, 1989, and 1990.
Data for 1962 (Cromwell, 1977) and 1966/67 (Sawyer 1976) were excluded as they covered only tax payers. Jain's data for 1970 was excluded because it covered income recipients only. Data from Podder (1972) for 1967/68, from Jain (1975) for the same year, from UN (1985) for 78/79, from Sunders and Hobbes (1993) for 1986 and for 1989 were excluded given the availability of the primary sources. Data from Bishop (1991) for 1981/82, from Buhman (1988) for 1981/82, from Kakwani (1986) for 1975/76, and from Sunders and Hobbes (1993) for 1986 were utilized to test for the effect of different definitions. The values for 1967 used by Persson and Tabellini and Alesina and Rodrik (based on Paukert and Jain) are close to the ones reported in the Statistical Yearbook for 1969.
Austria: In addition to data referring to the employed population (Guger 1989), national household surveys for 1987 and 1991 are included in the LIS data base. As these data do not include income from self-employment, we do not report them in our high quality data-set.
Bahamas Data for Ginis and shares are available for 1973, 1977, 1979, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, and 1993 in government reports on population censuses and household budget surveys, and for 1973 and 1975 from UN (1981). Estimates for 1970 (Jain 1975), 1973, 1975, 1977, and 1979 (Fields 1989) have been excluded given the availability of primary sources.
Bangladesh Data from household surveys for 1973/74, 1976/77, 1977/78, 1981/82, and 1985/86 are available from the Statistical Yearbook, complemented by household-survey based information from Chen (1995) and the World Development Report. Household surveys with rural coverage for 1959, 1960, 1963/64, 1965, 1966/67 and 1968/69, and with urban coverage for 1963/64, 1965, 1966/67, and 1968/69 are also available from the Statistical yearbook. Data for 1963/64 ,1964 and 1966/67, (Jain 1975) are not included due to limited geographic coverage, We also excluded secondary sources for 1973/74, 1976/77, 1981/82 (Fields 1989), 1977 (UN 1981), 1983 (Milanovic 1994), and 1985/86 due to availability of the primary source.
Barbados National household surveys have been conducted in 1951/52 and 1978/79 (Downs, 1988). Estimates based on personal tax returns, reported consistently for 1951-1981 (Holder and Prescott, 1989), had to be excluded as they exclude the non-wage earning population. Jain's figure (used by Alesina and Rodrik) is based on the same source.
Belgium Household surveys with national coverage are available for 1978/79 (UN 1985), and for 1985, 1988, and 1992 (LIS 1995). Earlier data for 1969, 1973, 1975, 1976 and 1977 (UN 1981) refer to taxable households only and are not included.
Bolivia The only survey with national coverage is the 1990 LSMS (World Development Report). Surveys for 1986 and 1989 cover the main cities only (Psacharopoulos et al. 1992) and are therefore not included. Data for 1968 (Cromwell 1977) do not refer to a clear definition and is therefore excluded.
Botswana The only survey with national coverage was conducted in 1985-1986 (Chen et al 1993); surveys in 74/75 and 85/86 included rural areas only (UN 1981). We excluded Gini estimates for 1971/72 that refer to the economically active population only (Jain 1975), as well as 1974/75 and 1985/86 (Valentine 1993) due to lack of national coverage or consistency in definition.
Brazil Data from 1960, 1970, 1974/75, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1985, 1987 and 1989 are available from the statistical yearbook, in addition to data for 1978 (Fields 1987) and for 1979 (Psacharopoulos et al. 1992). Other sources have been excluded as they were either not of national coverage, based on wage earners only, or because a more consistent source was available.
Bulgaria: Data from household surveys are available for 1963-69 (in two year intervals), for 1970-90 (on an annual basis) from the Statistical yearbook and for 1991 - 93 from household surveys by the World Bank (Milanovic and Ying).
Burkina Faso A priority survey has been undertaken in 1995.
Central African Republic: Except for a household survey conducted in 1992, no information was available.
Cameroon The only data are from a 1983/4 household budget survey (World Bank Poverty Assessment).
Canada Gini- and share data for the 1950-61 (in irregular intervals), 1961-81 (biennially), and 1981-91 (annually) are available from official sources (Statistical Yearbook for years before 1971 and Income Distributions by Size in Canada for years since 1973, various issues). All other references seem to be based on these primary sources.
Chad: An estimate for 1958 is available in the literature, and used by Alesina and Rodrik and Persson and Tabellini but was not included due to lack of primary sources.
Chile The first nation-wide survey that included not only employment income was carried out in 1968 (UN 1981). This is complemented by household survey-based data for 1971 (Fields 1989), 1989, and 1994. Other data that refer either only to part of the population or -as in the case of a long series available from World Bank country operations- are not clearly based on primary sources, are excluded.
China Annual household surveys from 1980 to 1992, conducted separately in rural and urban areas, were consolidated by Ying (1995), based on the statistical yearbook. Data from other secondary sources are excluded due to limited geographic and population coverage and data from Chen et al (1993) for 1985 and 1990 have not been included, to maintain consistency of sources..
Colombia The first household survey with national coverage was conducted in 1970 (DANE 1970). In addition, there are data for 1971, 1972, 1974 CEPAL (1986), and for 1978, 1988/89, and 1991 (World Bank Poverty Assessment 1992 and Chen et al. 1995). Data referring to years before 1970 -including the 1964 estimate used in Persson and Tabellini were excluded, as were estimates for the wage earning population only.
Costa Rica Data on Gini coefficients and quintile shares are available for 1961, 1971 (Cespedes 1973),1977 (OPNPE 1982), 1979 (Fields 1989), 1981 (Chen et al 1993), 1983 (Bourguignon and Morrison 1989), 1986 (Sauma-Fiatt 1990), and 1989 (Chen et al 1993). Gini coefficients for 1971 (Gonzalez-Vega and Cespedes in Rottenberg 1993), 1973 and 1985 (Bourguignon and Morrison 1989) cover urban areas only and were excluded.
Cote d'Ivoire: Data based on national-level household surveys (LSMS) are available for 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, and 1995. Information for the 1970s (Schneider 1991) is based on national accounting information and therefore excluded
Cuba Official information on income distribution is limited. Data from secondary sources are available for 1953, 1962, 1973, and 1978, relying on personal wage income, i.e. excluding the population that is not economically active (Brundenius 1984).
Czech Republic Household surveys for 1993 and 1994 were obtained from Milanovic and Ying. While it is in principle possible to go back further, splitting national level surveys for the former Czechoslovakia into their independent parts, we decided not to do so as the same argument could be used to
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Context
The dataset presents the median household incomes over the past decade across various racial categories identified by the U.S. Census Bureau in Au Sable township. It portrays the median household income of the head of household across racial categories (excluding ethnicity) as identified by the Census Bureau. It also showcases the annual income trends, between 2011 and 2021, providing insights into the economic shifts within diverse racial communities.The dataset can be utilized to gain insights into income disparities and variations across racial categories, aiding in data analysis and decision-making..
Key observations
https://i.neilsberg.com/ch/au-sable-township-mi-median-household-income-by-race-trends.jpeg" alt="Au Sable Township, Michigan median household income trends across races (2011-2021, in 2022 inflation-adjusted dollars)">
When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2017-2021 5-Year Estimates.
Racial categories include:
Variables / Data Columns
Good to know
Margin of Error
Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.
Custom data
If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.
Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.
This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Au Sable township median household income by race. You can refer the same here
Housing Affordability Supply and Demand Data. Number of South Australian households paying more than 30% of their household income on housing (rent or mortgage) broken down by very low, low and moderate income brackets. This dataset relates to section 4, Housing Stress, of the Affordability master reports produced by the SA Housing Authority. Each master report covers one Local Government Area and is entitled ‘Housing Affordability – Demand and Supply by Local Government Area’. The Demand for Supply for LGA reports are available online at: https://data.sa.gov.au/data/dataset/housing-affordability-demand-and-supply-by-local-government-area Explanatory Notes: Data sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), Census for Population and Housing and it is updated every 5 years in line with the ABS Census. The nature of the income imputation means that the reported proportion may significantly overstate the true proportion. Census housing stress data is best used in comparing results over Censuses (ie did it increase or decrease in an area) rather than using it to ascertain what proportion of households were in rental stress. Income bands are based on household income. High income households can also experience rental stress. These households are included in the total but not identified separately. Data is representative of households in very low, low and moderate income brackets. Please note that there are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals.
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Housing Affordability Supply and Demand Data. Number of households in the very low, low and median income brackets This dataset relates to section 4, Housing Stress, of the Affordability master reports produced by the SA Housing Authority. Each master report covers one Local Government Area and is entitled ‘Housing Affordability – Demand and Supply by Local Government Area’. The Demand for Supply for LGA reports are available online at: https://data.sa.gov.au/data/dataset/housing-affordability-demand-and-supply-by-local-government-area Explanatory Notes: Data sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), Census for Population and Housing and it is updated every 5 years in line with the ABS Census. The nature of the income imputation means that the reported proportion may significantly overstate the true proportion. Census housing stress data is best used in comparing results over Censuses (ie did it increase or decrease in an area) rather than using it to ascertain what proportion of households were in rental stress. Income bands are based on household income. High income households can also experience rental stress. These households are included in the total but not identified separately. Data is representative of households in very low, low and moderate income brackets. Please note that there are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals.
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Housing Affordability Supply and Demand Data. Number of South Australian households paying more than 50% of their household income on housing (rent or mortgage) broken down by very low, low and moderate income brackets. This dataset relates to section 4, Housing Stress, of the Affordability master reports produced by the SA Housing Authority. Each master report covers one Local Government Area and is entitled ‘Housing Affordability – Demand and Supply by Local Government Area’. The Demand for Supply for LGA reports are available online at: https://data.sa.gov.au/data/dataset/housing-affordability-demand-and-supply-by-local-government-area Explanatory Notes: Data sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), Census for Population and Housing and it is updated every 5 years in line with the ABS Census. The nature of the income imputation means that the reported proportion may significantly overstate the true proportion. Census housing stress data is best used in comparing results over Censuses (ie did it increase or decrease in an area) rather than using it to ascertain what proportion of households were in rental stress. Income bands are based on household income. High income households can also experience rental stress. These households are included in the total but not identified separately. Data is representative of households in very low, low and moderate income brackets. Please note that there are small random adjustments made to all cell values to protect the confidentiality of data. These adjustments may cause the sum of rows or columns to differ by small amounts from table totals.
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The 1991 Census Expanded Community Profiles present 44 tables comprising more detailed information than that of the basic community profiles which provide characteristics of persons and/or dwellings for Statistical Local Areas (SLA) in Australia.
This table contains data relating to annual household income by monthly housing loan repayment. Counts are of occupied private dwellings which are being purchased (excludes caravans etc in caravan parks and not classifiable households), based on place of enumeration on census night which; includes overseas visitors; excludes Australians overseas; and excludes adjustment for under-enumeration. The data is by SLA 1991 boundaries. Periodicity: 5-Yearly.
This data is ABS data (cat. no. 2101.0 & original geographic boundary cat. no. 1261.0.30.001) used with permission from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The tabular data was processed and supplied to AURIN by the Australian Data Archives. The cleaned, high resolution 1991 geographic boundaries are available from data.gov.au.
For more information please refer to the 1991 Census Dictionary.
Please note:
(a) Not classifiable households are those dwellings which were temporarily unoccupied at the time of the census, but the collector had ascertained that it was normally occupied or the household contained only persons under 15 years of age.
(b) Comprises households where at least one, but not all, member(s) aged 15 years or more did not state an income and/or at least one spouse, offspring, or co-tenant was temporarily absent.
(c) Comprises households where no members present stated an income.
Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0)https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
License information was derived automatically
Context
The dataset presents the median household incomes over the past decade across various racial categories identified by the U.S. Census Bureau in Au Gres township. It portrays the median household income of the head of household across racial categories (excluding ethnicity) as identified by the Census Bureau. It also showcases the annual income trends, between 2011 and 2021, providing insights into the economic shifts within diverse racial communities.The dataset can be utilized to gain insights into income disparities and variations across racial categories, aiding in data analysis and decision-making..
Key observations
https://i.neilsberg.com/ch/au-gres-township-mi-median-household-income-by-race-trends.jpeg" alt="Au Gres Township, Michigan median household income trends across races (2011-2021, in 2022 inflation-adjusted dollars)">
When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2017-2021 5-Year Estimates.
Racial categories include:
Variables / Data Columns
Good to know
Margin of Error
Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.
Custom data
If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.
Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.
This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Au Gres township median household income by race. You can refer the same here
The 1991 Census Basic Community profiles present 57 tables containing summary characteristics of persons and/or dwellings for Local Government Areas (LGA) in Australia. This table contains data …Show full descriptionThe 1991 Census Basic Community profiles present 57 tables containing summary characteristics of persons and/or dwellings for Local Government Areas (LGA) in Australia. This table contains data relating to annual household income by monthly housing loan repayment. Counts are of occupied private dwellings which are being purchased (excludes caravans etc in caravan parks and not classifiable households(a)), based on place of enumeration on census night which; includes overseas visitors; excludes Australians overseas; and excludes adjustment for under-enumeration. The data is by LGA 1991 boundaries. Periodicity: 5-Yearly. This data is ABS data (cat. no. 2101.0 & original geographic boundary cat. no. 1261.0.30.001) used with permission from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The tabular data was processed and supplied to AURIN by the Australian Data Archives. The cleaned, high resolution 1991 geographic boundaries are available from data.gov.au. For more information please refer to the 1991 Census Dictionary. Please note: (a) Not classifiable households are those dwellings which were temporarily unoccupied at the time of the census, but the collector had ascertained that it was normally occupied, or the household contained only persons aged under 15 years. (b) Comprises households where at least one, but not all, member(s) aged 15 years or more did not state an income and/or at least one spouse, offspring, or co-tenant was temporarily absent. (c) Comprises households where no members present stated an income. Copyright attribution: Government of the Commonwealth of Australia - Australian Bureau of Statistics, (1991): ; accessed from AURIN on 12/3/2020. Licence type: Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia (CC BY 2.5 AU)
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In December 2008 and March-April 2009 the Australian Government used fiscal stimulus as a short-run economic stabilization tool for the first time since the 1990s. In May-June 2012, households received lump sum cheques as compensation for the introduction of the Carbon Tax scheduled for 1 July 2012. This paper examines the relationship between these financial windfalls and spending at electronic gaming machines (EGMs) using data from 62 local government areas in Victoria, Australia. The results show large increases in spending at EGMs during the periods when Australian households received economic stimulus cheques. Increased spending at EGMs in December 2008 amounted to 1% of the total stimulus for that period. We conclude that the 2008-2009 stimulus packages substantially increased gambling at EGMs in Victoria. We find no unexpected increase in spending at EGMs in the months when Carbon Tax compensation cheques were paid.
Portugal, Canada, and the United States were the countries with the highest house price to income ratio in 2024. In all three countries, the index exceeded 130 index points, while the average for all OECD countries stood at 116.2 index points. The index measures the development of housing affordability and is calculated by dividing nominal house price by nominal disposable income per head, with 2015 set as a base year when the index amounted to 100. An index value of 120, for example, would mean that house price growth has outpaced income growth by 20 percent since 2015. How have house prices worldwide changed since the COVID-19 pandemic? House prices started to rise gradually after the global financial crisis (2007–2008), but this trend accelerated with the pandemic. The countries with advanced economies, which usually have mature housing markets, experienced stronger growth than countries with emerging economies. Real house price growth (accounting for inflation) peaked in 2022 and has since lost some of the gain. Although, many countries experienced a decline in house prices, the global house price index shows that property prices in 2023 were still substantially higher than before COVID-19. Renting vs. buying In the past, house prices have grown faster than rents. However, the home affordability has been declining notably, with a direct impact on rental prices. As people struggle to buy a property of their own, they often turn to rental accommodation. This has resulted in a growing demand for rental apartments and soaring rental prices.
A multi-millionaire is defined as someone owning ** million U.S. dollars or more. It was forecasted that there would be almost ** thousand individuals in Australia defined as multi-millionaires by 2026. This is in line with the country’s growing economy over the years as well as the growing wealth inequality that was becoming a cause for concern in the island nation.
Distribution of the wealthy
As a rich country with plenty of natural resources and a high Human Development Index, Australia had always had a large number of high net-worth individuals or HNWIs. There were over *** thousand millionaires including a couple dozen of billionaires, with these figures expected to grow significantly over the next few years.
Income inequality
Despite the increase of wealth and economic growth, there was a concern at the level of poverty and homelessness due to the rising wealth inequality nationally. The number of homeless people living in Australia had only been increasing with more than a hundred thousand people currently without shelter. Furthermore, most of the wealth was being pushed from the country to the cities, affecting the livelihood of those living in the countryside or outback.