Canada’s appeal as an immigration destination has been increasing over the past two decades, with a total of 464,265 people immigrating to the country in 2024. This figure is an increase from 2000-2001, when approximately 252,527 immigrants came to Canada. Immigration to the Great White North Between July 1, 2022 and June 30, 2023, there were an estimated 199,297 immigrants to Ontario, making it the most popular immigration destination out of any province. While the number of immigrants has been increasing over the years, in 2024 over half of surveyed Canadians believed that there were too many immigrants in the country. However, in 2017, the Canadian government announced its aim to significantly increase the number of permanent residents to Canada in order to combat an aging workforce and the decline of working-age adults. Profiles of immigrants to Canada The gender of immigrants to Canada in 2023 was just about an even split, with 234,279 male immigrants and 234,538 female immigrants. In addition, most foreign-born individuals in Canada came from India, followed by China and the Philippines. The United States was the fifth most common origin country for foreign-born residents in Canada.

Components of international migratory increase, quarterly: immigrants, emigrants, returning emigrants, net temporary emigrants, net non-permanent residents.

From 2000 to 2022, there were constantly more people immigrating to Norway than people emigrating. Hence, Norway constantly had a positive net migration during this period. The number of immigrants in Norway peaked in 2022, when 90,000 immigrants arrived in the country. Meanwhile, net migration decreased since 2012, before increasing again in 2021 and 2022.

This study uses the ARDL model and semi-macro data to conduct regression analysis on the relationship between immigrant share and unemployment rate and draws the following conclusions: First, overall, the increase of immigration will decrease the unemployment rate in the U.K. in the short-term; however, the long-term effect may be zero. The effect of immigration on the unemployment rate may vary subtly depending on the local economic development or population density. Specifically, in less economically developed or sparsely populated areas, an increase in the immigrant share may improve employment in the long term. Conversely, in regions with higher population density or RGDP, although immigration will improve employment in the short term, the long-term effects on employment are likely to be negative. The uploaded zip file includes the raw data folder as well as the data files for analysis. After executing the latter CSV file named post_2021_7 into EViews 10, the overall regression analysis of immigrants on the unemployment rates can be obtained by following the steps of the panel ARDL approach. The results of the analysis of the impact of immigrants on the unemployment rates in areas with lower RGDP, the impact of immigrants on the unemployment rates in areas with higher RGDP, the impact of immigrants on the unemployment rates in areas with low population density and the impact of immigrants on the unemployment rates in areas with high population density can be obtained by using the files named post_2021_7_red_rgdp_1_2, post_2021_7_green_rgdp_1_2, post_2021_7_red_pop_1_2 and post_2021_7_green_pop_1_2, separately.

Abstract (en): We measure the extent to which skilled immigrants increase innovation in the United States. The 2003 National Survey of College Graduates shows that immigrants patent at double the native rate, due to their disproportionately holding science and engineering degrees. Using a 1940-2000 state panel, we show that a 1 percentage point increase in immigrant college graduates' population share increases patents per capita by 9-18 percent. Our instrument for the change in the skilled immigrant share is based on the 1940 distribution across states of immigrants from various source regions and the subsequent national increase in skilled immigration from these regions. (JEL J24, J61, O31, O33)

Immigration Service Market Outlook

The global immigration service market size was valued at approximately USD 25 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 40 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 5.5% during the forecast period. The growth of the immigration services market is largely fueled by increasing globalization and the consequent rise in cross-border movements, driven by both personal ambitions and corporate strategies.

One of the primary growth factors for the immigration service market is the increasing demand for skilled labor in various developed economies. Countries like the United States, Canada, Australia, and many European nations are witnessing a significant skill gap in their labor markets, prompting them to ease immigration policies and provide more opportunities for skilled workers. This has led to an increase in demand for immigration services such as visa applications, work permits, and residency services. Additionally, the aging population in many developed nations adds to the urgency of attracting younger, skilled immigrants to maintain economic stability.

Another significant growth driver is the rise of multinational corporations (MNCs) and their need to deploy human resources globally. With businesses expanding their operations across borders, there is a growing requirement for corporate immigration services to manage work permits, intra-company transfers, and compliance with local immigration laws. This trend is particularly noticeable in sectors like IT, healthcare, engineering, and finance, where specialized skills are in high demand, and talent mobility is crucial for business operations. The increasing ease of doing business internationally has also encouraged smaller enterprises to explore global markets, further boosting the demand for immigration services.

The socio-political environment also plays a crucial role in shaping the immigration service market. Political stability and favorable immigration policies in certain regions make them attractive destinations for immigrants. For instance, countries that are known for their inclusive policies and transparent immigration processes tend to attract more immigrants. Moreover, the evolving geopolitical landscape, including scenarios like Brexit or shifts in U.S. immigration policies, significantly impacts the flow of immigrants and the demand for various immigration services. These changes necessitate the continuous adaptation and evolution of immigration services to meet new regulatory requirements and client needs.

When it comes to regional analysis, North America and Europe remain dominant players in the immigration service market due to their attractive job markets and robust economies. However, the Asia Pacific region is emerging as a significant player, driven by rapid economic development and increasing opportunities in countries like China, India, Japan, and Australia. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also showing potential growth, albeit at a slower pace, due to improving economic conditions and political reforms in certain countries. Each region presents unique opportunities and challenges, requiring tailored strategies and services to meet the specific needs of immigrants and corporations.

In recent years, the advent of Online Visa Service has revolutionized the immigration landscape, providing a more streamlined and accessible approach to visa applications. These digital platforms allow applicants to submit their visa requests and track their progress from the comfort of their homes, eliminating the need for physical visits to embassies or consulates. The convenience offered by online services is particularly beneficial for individuals in remote locations or those with busy schedules. Moreover, online visa services often incorporate advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the application process. This digital transformation is not only improving user experience but also reducing processing times and minimizing errors, making it a preferred choice for tech-savvy applicants and service providers alike.

Service Type Analysis

Visa services form a crucial segment of the immigration service market, addressing the fundamental need for legal entry and stay in a foreign country. This segment is highly diversified, covering various types of visas such as student visas, tourist visas, business visas, and permanent residency visas, among others. The demand for visa servi

Approximately 41 million people immigrated to the United States of America between the years 1820 and 1957. During this time period, the United States expanded across North America, growing from 23 to 48 states, and the population grew from approximately 10 million people in 1820, to almost 180 million people by 1957. Economically, the U.S. developed from being an agriculturally focused economy in the 1820s, to having the highest GDP of any single country in the 1950s. Much of this expansion was due to the high numbers of agricultural workers who migrated from Europe, as technological advances in agriculture had lowered the labor demand. The majority of these migrants settled in urban centers, and this fueled the growth of the industrial sector.

American industrialization and European rural unemployment fuel migration The first major wave of migration came in the 1850s, and was fueled largely by Irish and German migrants, who were fleeing famine or agricultural depression at the time. The second boom came in the 1870s, as the country recovered from the American Civil War, and the Second Industrial Revolution took off. The final boom of the nineteenth century came in the 1880s, as poor harvests and industrialization in Europe led to mass emigration. Improvements in steam ship technology and lower fares led to increased migration from Eastern and Southern Europe at the turn of the century (particularly from Italy). War and depression reduces migration Migration to the U.S. peaked at the beginning of the 20th century, before it fluctuated greatly at the beginning of the 20th century. This was not only due to the disruptions to life in Europe caused by the world wars, but also the economic disruption of the Great Depression in the 1930s. The only period between 1914 and 1950 where migration was high was during the 1920s. However, the migration rate rose again in the late 1940s, particularly from Latin America and Asia. The historically high levels of migration from Europe has meant that the most common ethnicity in the U.S. has been non-Hispanic White since the early-colonial period, however increased migration from Latin America, Asia and Africa, and higher fertility rates among ethnic minorities, have seen the Whites' share of the total population fall in recent years (although it is still over three times larger than any other group.

During the fiscal year of 2024, 100,034 refugees were admitted to the United States. This is a significant increase from the fiscal year of 2023, when 60,014 refugees were admitted into the United States.

Immigration is a highly polarized issue in the United States, and negative attitudes toward immigrants are common. Yet, almost all Americans are descended from people who originated outside the country, a narrative often evoked by the media and taught in school curricula. Can this narrative increase inclusionary attitudes toward migrants? We draw from scholarship showing that perspective-taking decreases prejudice toward outgroups to investigate whether reminding Americans about their own immigration history increases support for immigrants and immigration. We propose that priming family experiences can indirectly stimulate perspective-taking and induce empathy toward the outgroup, which we test with three separate survey experiments conducted over two years. Our findings show that priming family history generates small but consistent inclusionary effects. These effects occur even among partisan subgroups and Americans who approve of President Trump. We provide evidence that increased empathy for immigrants constitutes one mechanism driving these effects.

This data package includes the underlying data and files to replicate the calculations, charts, and tables presented in The Economic Benefits of Latino Immigration: How the Migrant Hispanic Population’s Demographic Characteristics Contribute to US Growth, PIIE Working Paper 19-3.

If you use the data, please cite as: Huertas, Gonzalo, and Jacob Funk Kirkegaard. (2019). The Economic Benefits of Latino Immigration: How the Migrant Hispanic Population’s Demographic Characteristics Contribute to US Growth. PIIE Working Paper 19-3. Peterson Institute for International Economics.

This paper studies the impact of immigration to the United States on the vote share for the Republican Party using county-level data from 1990 to 2016. Our main contribution is to show that an increase in high-skilled immigrants decreases the share of Republican votes, while an inflow of low-skilled immigrants increases it. These effects are mainly due to the indirect impact on existing citizens' votes and this is independent of the origin country and race of immigrants. We find that the political effect of immigration is heterogeneous across counties and depends on their skill level, public spending and non-economic characteristics.

Data and code for peer-reviewed article published in American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. When citing this dataset, please also cite the associated article. A sample Publication Citation is provided below.

The data set contains the entry and decrease, entry and emigration of the permanent and non-permanent foreign resident population by group of foreigners, family reunification (permanent population), gender, work canton, nation and continent.

Market Size, Growth, and Drivers: The global immigration legal services market was valued at approximately USD XX million in 2025 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of XX% during the forecast period (2025-2033). The increasing need for legal assistance in navigating complex immigration processes, coupled with the growing immigrant population, is driving market growth. Additionally, government policies and international agreements are influencing the market, creating opportunities for service providers. The market is segmented into applications (immigrants, refugees, asylees) and types (consulting services, agency services, others). Trends, Restraints, and Players: Emerging trends such as technology adoption and the globalization of immigration are transforming the market. Companies are leveraging online platforms and AI-powered solutions to streamline processes and provide personalized services. Restraints include regulatory complexities and concerns about illegal immigration. Key players operating in the market include NVFS, SOAR, CWS, World Relief, CAMBA, Resurrection Project, ILC Home, Legal Services NYC, Nationalities Service Center, Rian Immigrant Centre, CAIR California, JFCS East Bay, CARECEN, Catholic, and JFCS. The competitive landscape is fragmented, with established players holding significant market shares and new entrants emerging to cater to specific niches.

This graph shows that a significant majority of respondents agree that refugees have put extra stress on public services. Only ***** percent of respondents disagree with this statement.

Germany Immigration: Asia data was reported at 376,968.000 Person in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 331,110.000 Person for 2022. Germany Immigration: Asia data is updated yearly, averaging 99,635.000 Person from Dec 1964 (Median) to 2023, with 60 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 687,848.000 Person in 2015 and a record low of 12,779.000 Person in 1968. Germany Immigration: Asia data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistisches Bundesamt. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.G005: Migration.

Greenland Net Migration data was reported at -284.000 Person in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of -318.000 Person for 2023. Greenland Net Migration data is updated yearly, averaging -295.000 Person from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2024, with 65 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 518.000 Person in 1970 and a record low of -748.000 Person in 1992. Greenland Net Migration data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Greenland – Table GL.World Bank.WDI: Population and Urbanization Statistics. Net migration is the net total of migrants during the period, that is, the number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants, including both citizens and noncitizens.;United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2024 Revision.;Sum;

The Immigration Legal Services market is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing global migration and stricter immigration policies worldwide. While precise market size figures for 2025 were not provided, considering a hypothetical CAGR of 8% (a reasonable estimate given the consistently high demand for such services), and assuming a 2024 market size of $5 billion, the 2025 market size would be approximately $5.4 billion. This growth is fueled by several key factors. Firstly, the rising number of immigrants and refugees seeking legal assistance to navigate complex immigration processes is a significant driver. Secondly, evolving immigration laws and regulations create increased demand for specialized legal expertise. This necessitates a deeper understanding of asylum procedures, visa applications, and citizenship processes, pushing market expansion. Finally, the growing awareness of legal rights among immigrant communities enhances the demand for professional legal support. However, several restraints hinder market growth. These include the high cost of legal services, making them inaccessible to many immigrants, particularly low-income individuals. Furthermore, the limited availability of pro bono services and legal aid organizations creates a significant gap in meeting the demand. Despite these limitations, the market shows strong potential for growth. The rising number of immigration cases, the need for specialized services (e.g., family-based immigration, deportation defense), and the increasing adoption of technology for legal processes (e.g., online consultations and document management) are all key factors that contribute to a positive outlook for the future of this sector. Key players such as NVFS, SOAR, CWS, and others are actively shaping market dynamics through strategic initiatives, partnerships, and technological innovations. Future growth will likely be influenced by policy changes, technological advancements, and the availability of affordable legal aid.

Using longitudinal data on the universe of workers in Denmark during the period 1991-2008, we track the labor market outcomes of low-skilled natives in response to an exogenous inflow of low- skilled immigrants. We innovate on previous identification strategies by considering immigrants distributed across municipalities by a refugee dispersal policy in place between 1986 and 1998. We find that an increase in the supply of refugee-country immigrants pushed less educated native workers (especially the young and low-tenured ones) to pursue less manual-intensive occupations. As a result immigration had positive effects on native unskilled wages, employment, and occupational mobility. (JEL J15, J24, J31, J61, J62)