Until the fourth quarter of 2023, the S&P 500 and the S&P 500 ESG index exhibited similar performance, both indexes were weighted to similar industries as the S&P 500 followed the leading 500 companies in the United States. Throughout 2024, the S&P 500 ESG index steadily outperformed the S&P 500 by three points on average. During the coronavirus pandemic, the technology sector was one of the best-performing sectors in the market. The major differences between the two indexes were the S&P 500 ESG index was skewed towards firms with higher environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores and had a higher concentration of technology securities than the S&P 500 index. What is a market capitalization index? Both the S&P 500 and the S&P 500 ESG are market capitalization indexes, meaning the individual components (such as stocks and other securities) weighted to the indexes influence the overall value. Market trends such as inflation, interest rates, and international issues like the coronavirus pandemic and the popularity of ESG among professional investors affect the performance of stocks. When weighted components rise in value this causes an increase in the overall value of the index they are weighted too. What trends are driving index performance? Recent economic and social trends have led to higher levels of ESG integration and maintenance among firms worldwide and higher prioritization from investors to include ESG-focused firms in their investment choices. From a global survey group over one-third of the respondents were willing to prioritize ESG benefits over a higher return on their investment. These trends influenced the performance of securities on the market, leading to an increased value of individual weighted stocks, resulting in an overall increase in the index value.

View data of the S&P 500, an index of the stocks of 500 leading companies in the US economy, which provides a gauge of the U.S. equity market.

In 2021, the Nasdaq 100 closed at 16,320.08 points, which was the second highest value on record despite the economic effects of the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The index value closed at 21,012.17 points in 2024, an increase of more than 4,000 points compared to its closing value for the previous year. What does the NASDAQ tell us? The Nasdaq 100 index is comprised of 100 largest and most actively traded non-financial companies listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange. Financial firms are represented by the NASDAQ Bank Index. A stock market index is a measurement of average performance of companies forming the index. It gives a snapshot of what investors are thinking at that particular moment. Other indices The Dow Jones Industrial Average gets more attention than the NASDAQ 100, though it only represents 30 companies. It’s best and worst days mark some of the major financial events of the past century. This helps to put more meaning behind events like Black Monday, the Wall Street crash of 1929, or the 2008 Financial Crisis, as well as the speed of their recoveries in financial markets.

United Kingdom's main stock market index, the GB100, fell to 8941 points on July 11, 2025, losing 0.38% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 0.63% and is up 8.34% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from United Kingdom. United Kingdom Stock Market Index (GB100) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

The Dow Jones Composite Index finished the year 2024 at 13,391.71 points, an increase compared to the previous year. Even with the economic effects of the global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2021 had the highest point of the index in the past two decades. What is Dow Jones Composite Index? The Dow Jones Composite Index is one of the indices from the Dow Jones index family. It is composed of 65 leading U.S. companies: 30 stocks forming the Dow Jones Industrial Average index, 20 stocks from the Dow Jones Transportation index and 15 stocks from the Dow Jones Utility Average index. Importance of stock indices A stock market index shows an average performance of companies from a given section of the market. It is usually a weighted average, meaning that such factors as price of companies or their market capitalization are taken into consideration when calculating the index value. Stock indices are very useful for the financial market participants, as they instantly show the sentiments prevailing on a given market. They are also commonly used as a benchmark against portfolio performance, showing if a given portfolio has outperformed, or underperformed the market.

Graph and download economic data for Chicago Fed National Financial Conditions Index (NFCI) from 1971-01-08 to 2025-07-04 about financial, indexes, and USA.

The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 index (FTSE 100) is a share index of the 100 companies listed on the London Stock Exchange with the highest market capitalization. The index, which began in January 1984 with the base level of 1,000, reached ******** at the end of 2024. LSE Overview Established in 1571, the London Stock Exchange (LSE) has grown to become the ninth-largest globally. Companies listed on the LSE had a companies primarily hail from the energy and pharmaceutical sectors, with Shell and AstraZeneca leading the pack. In the realm of

Between March 4 and March 11, 2020, the S&P 500 index declined by ** percent, descending into a bear market. On March 12, 2020, the S&P 500 plunged *** percent, its steepest one-day fall since 1987. The index began to recover at the start of April and reached a peak in December 2021. As of December 29, 2024, the value of the S&P 500 stood at ******** points. Coronavirus sparks stock market chaos Stock markets plunged in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, with investors fearing its spread would destroy economic growth. Buoyed by figures that suggested cases were leveling off in China, investors were initially optimistic about the virus being contained. However, confidence in the market started to subside as the number of cases increased worldwide. Investors were deterred from buying stocks, and this was reflected in the markets – the values of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the Nasdaq Composite also dived during the height of the crisis. What is a bear market? A bear market occurs when the value of a stock market suffers a prolonged decline of more than 20 percent over a period of at least 2 months. The COVID-19 pandemic caused severe concern and sent stock markets on a steep downward spiral. The S&P 500 achieved a record closing high of ***** on February 19, 2020. However, just over 3 weeks later, the market closed on *****, which represented a decline of around ** percent in only 16 sessions.

Financing conditions in the apartment market in the United States improved in *********, according to the National Multifamily Housing Council's (NMHC) finance index. The index is a standard diffusion index and is based on a quarterly survey among NMHC members. A value over ** indicates improving finance availability, while under **, it shows that financing is becoming harder to obtain. In **********, the debt financing index reached its peak at ** index points, meaning that debt financing conditions improved the most. In *********, the debt index stood at ** index points, which was an improvement from the same quarter in 2023.

United States CSI: Personal: Income Increase Probability: Next Yr: Mean data was reported at 51.100 % in May 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 53.700 % for Apr 2018. United States CSI: Personal: Income Increase Probability: Next Yr: Mean data is updated monthly, averaging 48.750 % from Jun 2002 (Median) to May 2018, with 192 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 56.000 % in Dec 2005 and a record low of 34.700 % in Sep 2011. United States CSI: Personal: Income Increase Probability: Next Yr: Mean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by University of Michigan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.H024: Consumer Sentiment Index: Personal Finance. The question was: What do you think is the percent chance that your income in the next twelve months will be higher than your income in the past 12 months?

Russia's main stock market index, the MOEX, fell to 2642 points on July 11, 2025, losing 3.31% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has declined 3.94% and is down 11.21% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Russia. Russia Stock Market Index MOEX CFD - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Abstract

Well-functioning financial systems serve a vital purpose, offering savings, credit, payment, and risk management products to people with a wide range of needs. Yet until now little had been known about the global reach of the financial sector - the extent of financial inclusion and the degree to which such groups as the poor, women, and youth are excluded from formal financial systems. Systematic indicators of the use of different financial services had been lacking for most economies.

The Global Financial Inclusion (Global Findex) database provides such indicators. This database contains the first round of Global Findex indicators, measuring how adults in more than 140 economies save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. The data set can be used to track the effects of financial inclusion policies globally and develop a deeper and more nuanced understanding of how people around the world manage their day-to-day finances. By making it possible to identify segments of the population excluded from the formal financial sector, the data can help policy makers prioritize reforms and design new policies.

Geographic coverage

National Coverage.

Analysis unit

Individual

Universe

The target population is the civilian, non-institutionalized population 15 years and above. The sample is nationally representative.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The Global Findex indicators are drawn from survey data collected by Gallup, Inc. over the 2011 calendar year, covering more than 150,000 adults in 148 economies and representing about 97 percent of the world's population. Since 2005, Gallup has surveyed adults annually around the world, using a uniform methodology and randomly selected, nationally representative samples. The second round of Global Findex indicators was collected in 2014 and is forthcoming in 2015. The set of indicators will be collected again in 2017.

Surveys were conducted face-to-face in economies where landline telephone penetration is less than 80 percent, or where face-to-face interviewing is customary. The first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units, consisting of clusters of households. The primary sampling units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households by means of the Kish grid.

Surveys were conducted by telephone in economies where landline telephone penetration is over 80 percent. The telephone surveys were conducted using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In selected countries where cell phone penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used. Random respondent selection is achieved by using either the latest birthday or Kish grid method. At least three attempts are made to teach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of year.

The sample size in Latvia was 1,006 individuals.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The questionnaire was designed by the World Bank, in conjunction with a Technical Advisory Board composed of leading academics, practitioners, and policy makers in the field of financial inclusion. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and Gallup, Inc. also provided valuable input. The questionnaire was piloted in over 20 countries using focus groups, cognitive interviews, and field testing. The questionnaire is available in 142 languages upon request.

Questions on insurance, mobile payments, and loan purposes were asked only in developing economies. The indicators on awareness and use of microfinance insitutions (MFIs) are not included in the public dataset. However, adults who report saving at an MFI are considered to have an account; this is reflected in the composite account indicator.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country- and indicator-specific standard errors, refer to the Annex and Country Table in Demirguc-Kunt, Asli and L. Klapper. 2012. "Measuring Financial Inclusion: The Global Findex." Policy Research Working Paper 6025, World Bank, Washington, D.C.

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United States CSI: Personal: Real Income Gains Probability: Next 5 Yrs: Mean data was reported at 41.600 % in May 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 39.900 % for Apr 2018. United States CSI: Personal: Real Income Gains Probability: Next 5 Yrs: Mean data is updated monthly, averaging 38.600 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to May 2018, with 246 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 46.000 % in Feb 2000 and a record low of 27.200 % in Sep 2011. United States CSI: Personal: Real Income Gains Probability: Next 5 Yrs: Mean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by University of Michigan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.H024: Consumer Sentiment Index: Personal Finance. The question was: What do you think the chances are that your (family) income will increase by more than the rate of inflation in the next five years or so?

United States CSI: Personal: Losing a Job Probability: Next 5 Yrs: Mean data was reported at 18.500 % in May 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 17.300 % for Apr 2018. United States CSI: Personal: Losing a Job Probability: Next 5 Yrs: Mean data is updated monthly, averaging 18.800 % from Dec 1997 (Median) to May 2018, with 246 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.600 % in Dec 2003 and a record low of 14.600 % in Apr 2007. United States CSI: Personal: Losing a Job Probability: Next 5 Yrs: Mean data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by University of Michigan. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.H024: Consumer Sentiment Index: Personal Finance. The question was: During the next 5 years, what do you think the chances are that you (or your husband/wife) will lose a job you wanted to keep?

In the dynamic landscape of financial markets, accurate forecasting of stock indices remains a pivotal yet challenging task, essential for investors and policymakers alike. This study is motivated by the need to enhance the precision of predicting the Shanghai Composite Index’s opening price spread, a critical measure reflecting market volatility and investor sentiment. Traditional time series models like ARIMA have shown limitations in capturing the complex, nonlinear patterns inherent in stock price movements, prompting the exploration of advanced methodologies. The aim of this research is to bridge the gap in forecasting accuracy by developing a hybrid model that integrates the strengths of ARIMA with deep learning techniques, specifically Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) networks. This novel approach leverages the ARIMA model’s proficiency in linear trend analysis and the deep learning models’ capability in modeling nonlinear dependencies, aiming to provide a comprehensive tool for market prediction. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset covering the period from December 20, 1990, to June 2, 2023, the study develops and assesses the efficacy of ARIMA, LSTM, GRU, ARIMA-LSTM, and ARIMA-GRU models in forecasting the Shanghai Composite Index’s opening price spread. The evaluation of these models is based on key statistical metrics, including Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE), to gauge their predictive accuracy. The findings indicate that the hybrid models, ARIMA-LSTM and ARIMA-GRU, perform better in forecasting the opening price spread of the Shanghai Composite Index than their standalone counterparts. This outcome suggests that combining traditional statistical methods with advanced deep learning algorithms can enhance stock market prediction. The research contributes to the field by providing evidence of the potential benefits of integrating different modeling approaches for financial forecasting, offering insights that could inform investment strategies and financial decision-making.

Israel's main stock market index, the TA-125, fell to 3051 points on July 13, 2025, losing 2.22% from the previous session. Over the past month, the index has climbed 12.37% and is up 48.25% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks this benchmark index from Israel. Israel Stock Market (TA-125) - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

S&P Dow Jones Indices is the largest global resource for essential indices, data and research including the S&P 500 and DJIA. Get access via LSEG.

The “financial capital index” represents the economic means that determine the potential adaptive capacity degree of a particular unit of analysis in 2010. It is linked with the richness and the attained degree of economical development of a certain population. It is the combination of two underlying indexes: the “financial development index” and the “richness index”. These original indexes correspond to the two principal components identified by Principal Component Analysis among 9 potential variables. The analysis assigned relative weights to the “financial development index” and the “richness index”, that are 0.51 and 0.49, respectively. This dataset has been produced in the framework of the “Climate change predictions in Sub-Saharan Africa: impacts and adaptations (ClimAfrica)” project, Work Package 4 (WP4). More information on ClimAfrica project is provided in the Supplemental Information section of this metadata. This dataset has been produced in the framework of the “Climate change predictions in Sub-Saharan Africa: impacts and adaptations (ClimAfrica)” project, Work Package 4 (WP4). More information on ClimAfrica project is provided in the Supplemental Information section of this metadata.

Baltic Dry rose to 1,663 Index Points on July 11, 2025, up 13.52% from the previous day. Over the past month, Baltic Dry's price has fallen 15.50%, and is down 16.73% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Baltic Exchange Dry Index - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.