In 2024, the national debt of India amounted to around 3.16 trillion U.S. dollars. Projections show an upward trend, with a significant increase each year. Honor thy national debtNational debt, also called government debt or public debt, is money owed by the federal government. It can be divided into internal debt, (which is owed to lenders in the country) and external debt (which is owed to foreign lenders). National debt is created and increased by using government bonds, for example, or by borrowing money from other nations due to financial struggles (well-known case in point: Greece). A quite complex issue, national debt is expected to be paid back in accordance with certain regulations overseen by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), a financial organization owned by central banks. India’s debt is rising, but so is its economic growthIndia’s liabilities have increased significantly, and forecasts show no end in sight. While India is a fast-growing economy and considered one of the main emerging economies, the so-called BRIC countries, India has been investing and borrowing money from commercial banks as well as several non-banking finance companies, and its national debt today makes up almost 70 percent of its GDP. Luckily, even though the national debt is forecast to increase, this share of GDP is predicted to decrease, as is the trade deficit in the long run, despite a significant jump back into the red in 2017.

India recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 81.59 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2023. This dataset provides - India Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

External Debt in India increased to 736300 USD Million in the first quarter of 2025 from 717900 USD Million in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - India External Debt - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The value of government net debt in India in March 2025 was forecasted to be over *** trillion Indian rupees, an increase from around *** trillion rupees in March 2020. The government debt is estimated to reach over *** trillion in 2030.

The statistic shows the national debt in India from 2020 to 2023 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2030. In 2023, the national debt of India amounted to about 81.23 percent of the gross domestic product. India’s economy on the rise India is one of the most populous countries in the world, and although a large share of inhabitants are living below the poverty line – or probably due to this fact –, the country’s economy is growing steadily. India’s GDP growth is expected to remain steady at more than 7 percent for the next few years, which is almost double that of the global GDP, and both GDP and GDP per capita are expected to increase significantly. Almost half of India’s workforce is employed in the agricultural sector, but services and industry share the other half quite equally. India’s GDP is mostly generated by the services sector, which includes transport, retailing, and offering services in the hospitality and tourism industry. India’s trade balance has been in the red for a decade now, but seems to recover slowly. A trade deficit usually means that a country’s import costs are higher than the amount of money generated with exporting goods. India’s imports could not be compensated for by the country’s exports, as imports have been consistently, even if only slightly, higher over the years both in terms of volume and value. Still, all signs point to India’s economy growing and thriving, reducing India’s debt (as seen above) and unemployment rate, enabling the inhabitants to create a better life for themselves.

India External Debt: USD: Multilateral: Government Borrowing data was reported at 68.611 USD bn in Dec 2024. This records a decrease from the previous number of 69.108 USD bn for Sep 2024. India External Debt: USD: Multilateral: Government Borrowing data is updated quarterly, averaging 43.081 USD bn from Sep 1999 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 102 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 69.108 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 26.826 USD bn in Mar 2004. India External Debt: USD: Multilateral: Government Borrowing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.FK003: External Debt:: USD.

Graph and download economic data for General government net lending/borrowing for India (GGNLBAINA188N) from 1988 to 2023 about budget, India, Net, and government.

Historical chart and dataset showing India external debt by year from 1970 to 2023.

Key information about India Total Loans

• India Total Loans was reported at 2,048.209 USD bn in Dec 2024
• This records an increase from the previous number of 2,037.410 USD bn for Sep 2024
• India Total Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 898.708 USD bn from Dec 1998 to Dec 2024, with 105 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 2,048.209 USD bn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 82.701 USD bn in Dec 1998
• India Total Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Total Loans: USD: Quarterly

CEIC converts quarterly Total Loans into USD. The Reserve Bank of India provides Total Loans in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Total Loans cover lenders as Scheduled Commercial Banks.

India External Debt: USD: Commercial Borrowing data was reported at 275.266 USD bn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 272.626 USD bn for Sep 2024. India External Debt: USD: Commercial Borrowing data is updated quarterly, averaging 119.606 USD bn from Sep 1999 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 102 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 275.266 USD bn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 19.418 USD bn in Jun 2000. India External Debt: USD: Commercial Borrowing data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.FK003: External Debt:: USD.

Graph and download economic data for Fiscal Situation of General Government: Net Lending/borrowing for India (INDGGXCNLG01GDPPT) from 1990 to 2029 about borrowings, budget, India, Net, loans, and government.

Bank Lending Rate in India remained unchanged at 9.77 percent in July. This dataset provides - India Prime Lending Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Loan in the past year (% age 15+) in India was reported at 44.79 % in 2021, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Loan in the past year (% age 15+) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

Key information about India External Debt

• India External Debt reached 711.8 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with 682.2 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• India External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Sep 1999 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 711.8 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 96.4 USD bn in Sep 2000.

Related information about India External Debt

• In the latest reports of India, Current Account recorded a deficit of 11.2 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 5.0 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• India Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 7.3 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 19.8 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 873.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) in India was reported at --5.1088 % in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

The statistic shows the results of a survey about the share of individuals taking out a loan with financial institutions in India in 2017, by type of population. In the period surveyed, the highest share of respondents who borrowed money from financial institutions was among men, with around eight percent. In total, about seven percent of all surveyed people borrowed money from financial institutions.

In the financial year 2024, India's household debt reached around *** billion U.S. dollars, an increase from previous year's figures. India's household debt has witnessed an upward trend in the last decade. Household debt includes consumer durables, housing and other personal loans.

The value of loans in India increased 9.50 percent in July of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - India Bank Loan Growth - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

In 2023, housing loans accounted for **** percent of India's GDP and are projected to increase to ** percent by 2025. Over the past six years, the home loan portfolio has experienced significant growth due to increased disbursements fueled by the rising demand from tier-2 and tier-3 cities, increased nuclear families, and growing disposable income.

As of the end of fiscal year 2023, non-banking financial companies (NBFC) borrowings from banks and debentures amounted to over ** trillion Indian rupees each. In contrast, government borrowing amounted to *** billion Indian rupees only.