The statistic shows the total population of India from 2019 to 2029. In 2023, the estimated total population in India amounted to approximately 1.43 billion people.

Total population in India

India currently has the second-largest population in the world and is projected to overtake top-ranking China within forty years. Its residents comprise more than one-seventh of the entire world’s population, and despite a slowly decreasing fertility rate (which still exceeds the replacement rate and keeps the median age of the population relatively low), an increasing life expectancy adds to an expanding population. In comparison with other countries whose populations are decreasing, such as Japan, India has a relatively small share of aged population, which indicates the probability of lower death rates and higher retention of the existing population.

With a land mass of less than half that of the United States and a population almost four times greater, India has recognized potential problems of its growing population. Government attempts to implement family planning programs have achieved varying degrees of success. Initiatives such as sterilization programs in the 1970s have been blamed for creating general antipathy to family planning, but the combined efforts of various family planning and contraception programs have helped halve fertility rates since the 1960s. The population growth rate has correspondingly shrunk as well, but has not yet reached less than one percent growth per year.

As home to thousands of ethnic groups, hundreds of languages, and numerous religions, a cohesive and broadly-supported effort to reduce population growth is difficult to create. Despite that, India is one country to watch in coming years. It is also a growing economic power; among other measures, its GDP per capita was expected to triple between 2003 and 2013 and was listed as the third-ranked country for its share of the global gross domestic product.

Chart and table of India population from 1950 to 2025. United Nations projections are also included through the year 2100.

In 2022, India overtook China as the world's most populous country and now has almost 1.46 billion people. China now has the second-largest population in the world, still with just over 1.4 billion inhabitants, however, its population went into decline in 2023. Global population As of 2025, the world's population stands at almost 8.2 billion people and is expected to reach around 10.3 billion people in the 2080s, when it will then go into decline. Due to improved healthcare, sanitation, and general living conditions, the global population continues to increase; mortality rates (particularly among infants and children) are decreasing and the median age of the world population has steadily increased for decades. As for the average life expectancy in industrial and developing countries, the gap has narrowed significantly since the mid-20th century. Asia is the most populous continent on Earth; 11 of the 20 largest countries are located there. It leads the ranking of the global population by continent by far, reporting four times as many inhabitants as Africa. The Demographic Transition The population explosion over the past two centuries is part of a phenomenon known as the demographic transition. Simply put, this transition results from a drastic reduction in mortality, which then leads to a reduction in fertility, and increase in life expectancy; this interim period where death rates are low and birth rates are high is where this population explosion occurs, and population growth can remain high as the population ages. In today's most-developed countries, the transition generally began with industrialization in the 1800s, and growth has now stabilized as birth and mortality rates have re-balanced. Across less-developed countries, the stage of this transition varies; for example, China is at a later stage than India, which accounts for the change in which country is more populous - understanding the demographic transition can help understand the reason why China's population is now going into decline. The least-developed region is Sub-Saharan Africa, where fertility rates remain close to pre-industrial levels in some countries. As these countries transition, they will undergo significant rates of population growth

The total population in India was estimated at 1386.2 million people in 2023, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides - India Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Rural population (% of total population) in India was reported at 63.64 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Rural population - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

Key information about India population

• The India population reached 1,408.0 million people in Mar 2025, compared with the previously reported figure of 1,395.0 million people in Mar 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 1,408.0 million people in Mar 2025 and a record low of 359.0 million people in Mar 1951

Population ages 20-24, female (% of female population) in India was reported at 8.8547 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Population ages 20-24, female (% of female population) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

Population: Punjab data was reported at 32.678 Person mn in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 32.256 Person mn for 2023. Population: Punjab data is updated yearly, averaging 27.955 Person mn from Mar 1994 (Median) to 2024, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.678 Person mn in 2024 and a record low of 21.297 Person mn in 1994. Population: Punjab data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAA001: Population. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

As of the year 2024, the population of the capital city of India, Delhi was over 33 million people. This was a 2.63 percent growth from last year. The historical trends show that the population doubled between 1990 and 2010. However, the population growth rate in the last three years has been the lowest since the recorded period starting in 1960. The UN estimated that the population was expected to reach around 35 million by 2030. Reasons for population growth   As per the Delhi Economic Survey, migration added over 200 thousand people to Delhi’s population in 2022. The estimates showed relative stability in natural population growth for a long time before the pandemic. The numbers suggest a sharp decrease in birth rates from 2020 onwards and a corresponding increase in death rates in 2021 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The net natural addition or the remaining growth is attributed to migration. These estimates are based on trends published by the Civil Registration System. National Capital Region (NCR) Usually, population estimates for Delhi represent the urban agglomeration of Delhi, which includes Delhi and some of its adjacent suburban areas. The National Capital Region or NCR is one of the largest urban agglomerations in the world. It is an example of inter-state regional planning and development, centred around the National Capital Territory of Delhi, and covering certain districts of neighbouring states Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan. Noida, Gurugram, and Ghaziabad are some of the key cities of NCR. Over the past decade, NCR has emerged as a key economic centre in India.

Population: Tamil Nadu data was reported at 76.993 Person mn in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 76.765 Person mn for 2023. Population: Tamil Nadu data is updated yearly, averaging 66.386 Person mn from Mar 1994 (Median) to 2024, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 76.993 Person mn in 2024 and a record low of 57.670 Person mn in 1994. Population: Tamil Nadu data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAA001: Population. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Employment Rate in India remained unchanged at 47.20 percent in the fourth quarter of 2024 from 47.20 percent in the third quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - India Worker Population Ratio- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Among the 19 G20 countries, India had the largest population in October 2024, overtaking China as the most populous country in the world in 2023. Both countries had an estimated population of 1.4 billion people. The number of inhabitants in India is expected to be over 1.5 billion people in 2029, higher than in China at 1.4 billion.

Population ages 0-14, total in India was reported at 360337993 Persons in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Population, ages 0-14, total - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

As of the year 2024, the population of the capital city of India, Delhi was over 33 million people. This was a 2.63 percent growth from last year. The historical trends show a trend of slowing growth rate over the decades, especially post-2000. However, the population growth rate in the last three years has been the lowest during the recorded period. As per UN estimates, population growth is expected to slow down to 2.26 percent in 2030.

Population: Delhi data was reported at 21.588 Person mn in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 21.195 Person mn for 2023. Population: Delhi data is updated yearly, averaging 16.001 Person mn from Mar 1994 (Median) to 2024, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 21.588 Person mn in 2024 and a record low of 10.446 Person mn in 1994. Population: Delhi data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAA001: Population. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) in India was reported at 47.01 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

Population ages 55-59, female (% of female population) in India was reported at 4.4287 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Population ages 55-59, female (% of female population) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

India population health management market size is projected to exhibit a growth rate (CAGR) of 18.80% during 2024-2032. The rising focus of government bodies on preventative care, personalized interventions, and improved overall health outcomes of individuals is primarily driving the market growth.

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each segment of the market, along with forecasts at the country level for 2024-2032. Our report has categorized the market based on component, mode of delivery, and end user.

Population ages 50-54, female (% of female population) in India was reported at 5.1732 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Population ages 50-54, female (% of female population) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

Population: Haryana data was reported at 30.264 Person mn in 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 29.840 Person mn for 2023. Population: Haryana data is updated yearly, averaging 24.425 Person mn from Mar 1994 (Median) to 2024, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 30.264 Person mn in 2024 and a record low of 17.530 Person mn in 1994. Population: Haryana data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAA001: Population. [COVID-19-IMPACT]