In 2023, the crude birth rate in live births per 1,000 inhabitants in India stood at 16.15. Between 1960 and 2023, the figure dropped by 26.75, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory.

Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) in India was reported at 16.15 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Birth rate, crude - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

In India, the crude birth rate in 1880 was 41.5 live births per thousand people, meaning that approximately 4.2 percent of the population had been born in that year. After an initial jump from 40.9 to 46.5 births per thousand between 1885 and 1890, India's crude birth rate remained consistent at just over 45 until the middle of the twentieth century. It was during the late 1940s that India gained its independence from the British Empire, and from this point the crude birth rate has gradually decreased from over 45 births per thousand people in 1945, to below twenty today. In 2020, it is expected to be just 18 births per thousand.

Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Uttar Pradesh data was reported at 25.100 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 25.400 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Uttar Pradesh data is updated yearly, averaging 28.700 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.800 NA in 2000 and a record low of 25.100 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Uttar Pradesh data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH002: Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: by States.

India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data was reported at 22.100 NA in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 22.400 NA for 2015. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data is updated yearly, averaging 30.500 NA from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.900 NA in 1971 and a record low of 22.100 NA in 2016. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAH001: Vital Statistics.

The statistic displays the birth rate in India between 2009 and 2013. In 2009, the birth rate was around 19.8 births per 1,000 inhabitants, and has dropped slightly since. The fertility rate or the number of children born per woman in India can be found here.

India: The number of crude births per 1000 people, per year: The latest value from 2022 is 16.27 births per 1000 people, a decline from 16.42 births per 1000 people in 2021. In comparison, the world average is 18.38 births per 1000 people, based on data from 195 countries. Historically, the average for India from 1960 to 2022 is 30.5 births per 1000 people. The minimum value, 16.27 births per 1000 people, was reached in 2022 while the maximum of 42.51 births per 1000 people was recorded in 1960.

Graph and download economic data for Crude Birth Rate for India (SPDYNCBRTININD) from 1960 to 2023 about birth, crude, India, and rate.

Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Punjab: Rural data was reported at 14.900 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15.000 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Punjab: Rural data is updated yearly, averaging 17.700 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.700 NA in 1998 and a record low of 14.900 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Punjab: Rural data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH002: Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: by States.

The projected crude birth rate in India, at national level, was expected to decrease to about ** births per thousand people by 2031 to 2035 as opposed to the national crude birth rate from 2011 to 2015 which stood at more than ** births per thousand people. At state level, Bihar reflected the highest crude birth rate from 2011 to 2015 as well as the highest projected crude birth rate from 2031-2035. By contrast, the states with the lowest projected crude birth rates were Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh during the same time period.

India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Urban data was reported at 17.000 NA in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17.300 NA for 2015. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Urban data is updated yearly, averaging 23.100 NA from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 30.500 NA in 1972 and a record low of 17.000 NA in 2016. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Urban data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAH001: Vital Statistics.

India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population data was reported at 19.500 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 19.700 NA for 2019. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population data is updated yearly, averaging 28.300 NA from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2020, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.900 NA in 1971 and a record low of 19.500 NA in 2020. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAH001: Vital Statistics.

Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Gujarat data was reported at 19.300 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 19.500 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Gujarat data is updated yearly, averaging 22.300 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 25.500 NA in 1998 and a record low of 19.300 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Gujarat data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH002: Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: by States.

Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: West Bengal data was reported at 14.600 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 14.900 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: West Bengal data is updated yearly, averaging 17.200 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 21.300 NA in 1998 and a record low of 14.600 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: West Bengal data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH002: Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: by States.

The statistic shows the total population of India from 2019 to 2029. In 2023, the estimated total population in India amounted to approximately 1.43 billion people.

Total population in India

India currently has the second-largest population in the world and is projected to overtake top-ranking China within forty years. Its residents comprise more than one-seventh of the entire world’s population, and despite a slowly decreasing fertility rate (which still exceeds the replacement rate and keeps the median age of the population relatively low), an increasing life expectancy adds to an expanding population. In comparison with other countries whose populations are decreasing, such as Japan, India has a relatively small share of aged population, which indicates the probability of lower death rates and higher retention of the existing population.

With a land mass of less than half that of the United States and a population almost four times greater, India has recognized potential problems of its growing population. Government attempts to implement family planning programs have achieved varying degrees of success. Initiatives such as sterilization programs in the 1970s have been blamed for creating general antipathy to family planning, but the combined efforts of various family planning and contraception programs have helped halve fertility rates since the 1960s. The population growth rate has correspondingly shrunk as well, but has not yet reached less than one percent growth per year.

As home to thousands of ethnic groups, hundreds of languages, and numerous religions, a cohesive and broadly-supported effort to reduce population growth is difficult to create. Despite that, India is one country to watch in coming years. It is also a growing economic power; among other measures, its GDP per capita was expected to triple between 2003 and 2013 and was listed as the third-ranked country for its share of the global gross domestic product.

Fertility rate, total (births per woman) in India was reported at 1.975 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Fertility rate, total (births per woman) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on August of 2025.

The birth rate, also known as the crude birth rate, is a key demographic indicator that measures the number of live births occurring in a population per 1,000 people annually. This vital statistic provides insight into population growth and is often used by policymakers, researchers, and governments to understand trends in fertility, family planning, and societal development. A high birth rate generally indicates a growing population, while a low birth rate may suggest declining growth or aging demographics. Factors influencing birth rates include cultural, economic, social, and environmental conditions. Countries with advanced healthcare systems and access to education often see lower birth rates, as families may opt for fewer children. In contrast, regions with limited access to family planning and healthcare may experience higher birth rates. Understanding the birth rate is crucial for managing resources, planning social services, and predicting future population changes on both national and global scales.

In 2020, the northern state of Uttar Pradesh had the highest urban birth rate of 22.1 births per 1,000 inhabitants. It was followed by states of Bihar and Rajasthan. Among other states, Himachal Pradesh had the lowest birth rate in the urban areas that year.

Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rajasthan data was reported at 23.500 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 23.700 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rajasthan data is updated yearly, averaging 27.200 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 31.600 NA in 1998 and a record low of 23.500 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rajasthan data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH002: Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: by States.

The crude birth rate in India saw no significant changes in 2023 in comparison to the previous year 2022 and remained at around 16.15 live births per 1,000 inhabitants. But still, the rate reached its lowest value of the observation period in 2023. The crude birth rate is the annual number of live births in a given population, expressed per 1,000 people. When looked at in unison with the crude death rate, the rate of natural increase can be determined.Find more statistics on other topics about India with key insights such as death rate, total fertility rate, and life expectancy of women at birth.