India recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 81.92 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - India Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2024, the national debt of India amounted to around 3.16 trillion U.S. dollars. Projections show an upward trend, with a significant increase each year. Honor thy national debtNational debt, also called government debt or public debt, is money owed by the federal government. It can be divided into internal debt, (which is owed to lenders in the country) and external debt (which is owed to foreign lenders). National debt is created and increased by using government bonds, for example, or by borrowing money from other nations due to financial struggles (well-known case in point: Greece). A quite complex issue, national debt is expected to be paid back in accordance with certain regulations overseen by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), a financial organization owned by central banks. India’s debt is rising, but so is its economic growthIndia’s liabilities have increased significantly, and forecasts show no end in sight. While India is a fast-growing economy and considered one of the main emerging economies, the so-called BRIC countries, India has been investing and borrowing money from commercial banks as well as several non-banking finance companies, and its national debt today makes up almost 70 percent of its GDP. Luckily, even though the national debt is forecast to increase, this share of GDP is predicted to decrease, as is the trade deficit in the long run, despite a significant jump back into the red in 2017.

Key information about India Government Debt: % of GDP

• India Government debt accounted for 57.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 57.1 % in the previous quarter.
• India government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2012 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 58.8 % in Sep 2023 and a record low of 44.6 % in Dec 2018.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about India Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, India National Government Debt reached 2,144.6 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 873.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

The dataset contains All India Yearly Central and State Government Debt Indicators as percentage to GDP from Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy.

Note: 1. Data for 2022-23 are Revised Estimates and data for 2023-24 are Budget Estimates. 2. External liabilities of the Centre is at current exchange rate. 3. Total liabilities of the States, Combined domestic liabilities of Centre & States and Combined total liabilities of the Centre & States have been revised to include 'reserve funds', 'deposits and advances' and 'contingency fund' of State Governments. 4. Data in respect of Combined finances are exclusive of NCT Delhi from 2005-06 onwards. 5. Combined and Centre's liabilities are inclusive of securities/treasury bills under market stabilisation scheme (MSS). 6. GDP data for 2023-24 is taken from Union Budget 2023-24. 7. Combined total liabilities of Centre & States is the sum of External liabilities of the Centre and Combined domestic liabilities of Centre & States

The statistic shows the national debt in India from 2020 to 2023 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2030. In 2023, the national debt of India amounted to about 81.23 percent of the gross domestic product. India’s economy on the rise India is one of the most populous countries in the world, and although a large share of inhabitants are living below the poverty line – or probably due to this fact –, the country’s economy is growing steadily. India’s GDP growth is expected to remain steady at more than 7 percent for the next few years, which is almost double that of the global GDP, and both GDP and GDP per capita are expected to increase significantly. Almost half of India’s workforce is employed in the agricultural sector, but services and industry share the other half quite equally. India’s GDP is mostly generated by the services sector, which includes transport, retailing, and offering services in the hospitality and tourism industry. India’s trade balance has been in the red for a decade now, but seems to recover slowly. A trade deficit usually means that a country’s import costs are higher than the amount of money generated with exporting goods. India’s imports could not be compensated for by the country’s exports, as imports have been consistently, even if only slightly, higher over the years both in terms of volume and value. Still, all signs point to India’s economy growing and thriving, reducing India’s debt (as seen above) and unemployment rate, enabling the inhabitants to create a better life for themselves.

Graph and download economic data for General government gross debt for India (GGGDTAINA188N) from 1991 to 2023 about India, debt, gross, and government.

Key information about India National Government Debt

• India National Government Debt reached 2,223.9 USD bn in Jun 2025, compared with 2,192.1 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• India National Government Debt data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1998 to Jun 2025.
• The data reached an all-time high of 2,223.9 USD bn in Jun 2025 and a record low of 232.8 USD bn in Dec 1998.

CEIC converts quarterly Government Debt into USD. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about India National Government Debt

• In the latest reports, India Consolidated Fiscal Balance recorded a deficit equal to 4.9 % of its Nominal GDP in Sep 2025.
• The country's Government debt accounted for 56.5 % of its Nominal GDP in Jun 2025.
• India Nominal GDP reached 975.9 USD bn in Sep 2025.

India Central Government Debt: Other Liabilities data was reported at 18,646,335.300 INR mn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 18,287,872.600 INR mn for Sep 2024. India Central Government Debt: Other Liabilities data is updated quarterly, averaging 6,069,081.600 INR mn from Dec 1998 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 105 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18,646,335.300 INR mn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 2,174,286.500 INR mn in Sep 2000. India Central Government Debt: Other Liabilities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.FA010: Central Government Debt.

Central Govt Debt: Public: DO: 364 Day T Bills data was reported at 2,170,960.000 INR mn in Dec 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,900,430.000 INR mn for Sep 2018. Central Govt Debt: Public: DO: 364 Day T Bills data is updated quarterly, averaging 417,608.300 INR mn from Dec 1998 (Median) to Dec 2018, with 77 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,170,960.000 INR mn in Dec 2018 and a record low of 51,155.200 INR mn in Dec 1998. Central Govt Debt: Public: DO: 364 Day T Bills data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.FA009: Central Government Debt.

Monthly and long-term India Public Debt data: historical series and analyst forecasts curated by FocusEconomics.

India - Government Debt - Historical chart and current data through 2023.

India Central Government Debt data was reported at 182,243,748.200 INR mn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 179,628,014.000 INR mn for Sep 2024. India Central Government Debt data is updated quarterly, averaging 39,989,692.100 INR mn from Dec 1998 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 105 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 182,243,748.200 INR mn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 9,896,997.300 INR mn in Dec 1998. India Central Government Debt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.FA010: Central Government Debt. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

This dataset provides values for GOVERNMENT DEBT TO GDP reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The statistic shows Japan's national debt from 2020 to 2023 in relation to gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2030. In 2024, the national debt of Japan amounted to about 236.1 percent of the gross domestic product. An eye on Japan’s national debt Japan’s national debt ranks first among countries with the highest debt levels in the world, far surpassing the debt levels of Greece - which ranks number two - whose financial crisis has been in the spotlight recently. Italy is third, followed by Jamaica, Lebanon and Enritrea. Currently, Japan’s national debt amounts more than a thousand trillion yen and the country’s debt is predicted to keep rising for the foreseeable future, albeit only slightly. Japan’s national debt is not without consequence for the global economy, because the country claims the fourth-largest share in global gross domestic product. Therefore, the effects on the global economy would and could have a much greater global impact than that of a country such as Greece - considering its share of the global economy adjusted for purchase power parity was less than 0.29 percent in 2011. The debt levels of China, the United States and India should also be watched closely as they together make up the largest share of global GDP. At the moment, Japan’s inflation rate is among the lowest in the world, but as Japan attempts to reduce its national debt, this could change.

FocusEconomics' economic data is provided by official state statistical reporting agencies as well as our global network of leading banks, think tanks and consultancies. Our datasets provide not only historical data, but also Consensus Forecasts and individual forecasts from the aformentioned global network of economic analysts. This includes the latest forecasts as well as historical forecasts going back to 2010. Our global network consists of over 1000 world-renowned economic analysts from which we calculate our Consensus Forecasts. In this specific dataset you will find economic data for India Public Debt.

The dataset contains All India Quarterly External Debt of India by Category.

The dataset contains All India Yearly Central and State Governments Development and Non-Development Expenditure from Handbook of Statistics on Indian Economy.

Note: 1. Data for 2022-23 are Revised Estimates and data for 2023-24 are Budget Estimates. 2. Centre Developmental, Non-Development and Total Expenditure include gross expenditure of commercial departments and postal in respect of Central Government’s Revenue Account. 3. States- Other Expenditure comprise discharge of internal debt, repayment of loans to the Centre and compensation and assignments to local bodies and Panchayati Raj institutions. 4. Central & State Combined - Other Expenditure adjusted for repayment of loans by the State Governments to the Centre as given in Central Government Budget documents includes repayments to National Small Saving Fund (NSSF) by the Centre for the years 2002-03 to 2004-05. 5. Central Developmental, Non-developmental and Total Expenditure of 2007-08 include an amount of Rupees 35531 crore on account of transaction relating to transfer of the Reserve Bank’s stake in SBI to the Government. 6. Data in respect of combined finances are exclusive of NCT Delhi from 2005-06 onwards. 7. For the period 1993-94 to 2004-05 NCT Delhi was included in the expenditure of the States. 8. Data from 2017-18 onwards pertains to all states and UTs with legislatures.

Historical dataset showing India national debt by year from 1990 to 2018.

India Central Government Debt: Public: Domestic data was reported at 153,344,731.500 INR mn in Dec 2024. This records an increase from the previous number of 151,061,898.100 INR mn for Sep 2024. India Central Government Debt: Public: Domestic data is updated quarterly, averaging 30,421,797.600 INR mn from Dec 1998 (Median) to Dec 2024, with 105 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 153,344,731.500 INR mn in Dec 2024 and a record low of 4,428,479.800 INR mn in Dec 1998. India Central Government Debt: Public: Domestic data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.FA010: Central Government Debt. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

I downloaded this dataset from Wikipedia. I was startled when I came across a video to realise that the United States has the highest external debt among world countries. India and Brazil lie at around 20th positions. United Kingdom's external debt is a staggering 273% of their GDP while India's is 19.20 %. Brazil's external debt is 38% of their GDP. The United States' external debt is 96.40 % of their GDP while Japan has 101 % of its GDP as its external debt.

The dataset contains the country names, their external debt, their per capita external debt, the date of entering the data and the external debt as a percentage of their GDP.

The data can be cleaned and can form an excellent use case for LLM based data analytics. The data must be cleaned. The data can be combined with other financial data of the respective countries to form a complete database of financial metrics.