This layer is a time series of the annual ESA CCI (Climate Change Initiative) land cover maps of the world. ESA has produced land cover maps for the years since 1992. These are available at the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative website.Time Extent: 1992-2019Cell Size: 300 meterSource Type: ThematicPixel Type: 8 Bit UnsignedData Projection: GCS WGS84Mosaic Projection: Web Mercator Auxiliary SphereExtent: GlobalSource: ESA Climate Change InitiativeUpdate Cycle: AnnualWhat can you do with this layer?This layer may be added to ArcGIS Online maps and applications and shown in a time series to watch a "time lapse" view of land cover change since 1992 for any part of the world. The same behavior exists when the layer is added to ArcGIS Pro.In addition to displaying all layers in a series, this layer may be queried so that only one year is displayed in a map. This layer can be used in analysis. For example, the layer may be added to ArcGIS Pro with a query set to display just one year. Then, an area count of land cover types may be produced for a feature dataset using the zonal statistics tool. Statistics may be compared with the statistics from other years to show a trend.To sum up area by land cover using this service, or any other analysis, be sure to use an equal area projection, such as Albers or Equal Earth.Different Classifications Available to MapFive processing templates are included in this layer. The processing templates may be used to display a smaller set of land cover classes.Cartographic Renderer (Default Template)Displays all ESA CCI land cover classes.*Forested lands TemplateThe forested lands template shows only forested lands (classes 50-90).Urban Lands TemplateThe urban lands template shows only urban areas (class 190).Converted Lands TemplateThe converted lands template shows only urban lands and lands converted to agriculture (classes 10-40 and 190).Simplified RendererDisplays the map in ten simple classes which match the ten simplified classes used in 2050 Land Cover projections from Clark University.Any of these variables can be displayed or analyzed by selecting their processing template. In ArcGIS Online, select the Image Display Options on the layer. Then pull down the list of variables from the Renderer options. Click Apply and Close. In ArcGIS Pro, go into the Layer Properties. Select Processing Templates from the left hand menu. From the Processing Template pull down menu, select the variable to display.Using TimeBy default, the map will display as a time series animation, one year per frame. A time slider will appear when you add this layer to your map. To see the most current data, move the time slider until you see the most current year.In addition to displaying the past quarter century of land cover maps as an animation, this time series can also display just one year of data by use of a definition query. For a step by step example using ArcGIS Pro on how to display just one year of this layer, as well as to compare one year to another, see the blog called Calculating Impervious Surface Change.Hierarchical ClassificationLand cover types are defined using the land cover classification (LCCS) developed by the United Nations, FAO. It is designed to be as compatible as possible with other products, namely GLCC2000, GlobCover 2005 and 2009.This is a heirarchical classification system. For example, class 60 means "closed to open" canopy broadleaved deciduous tree cover. But in some places a more specific type of broadleaved deciduous tree cover may be available. In that case, a more specific code 61 or 62 may be used which specifies "open" (61) or "closed" (62) cover.Land Cover ProcessingTo provide consistency over time, these maps are produced from baseline land cover maps, and are revised for changes each year depending on the best available satellite data from each period in time. These revisions were made from AVHRR 1km time series from 1992 to 1999, SPOT-VGT time series between 1999 and 2013, and PROBA-V data for years 2013, 2014 and 2015. When MERIS FR or PROBA-V time series are available, changes detected at 1 km are re-mapped at 300 m. The last step consists in back- and up-dating the 10-year baseline LC map to produce the 24 annual LC maps from 1992 to 2015.Source dataThe datasets behind this layer were extracted from NetCDF files and TIFF files produced by ESA. Years 1992-2015 were acquired from ESA CCI LC version 2.0.7 in TIFF format, and years 2016-2018 were acquired from version 2.1.1 in NetCDF format. These are downloadable from ESA with an account, after agreeing to their terms of use. https://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/download.phpCitationESA. Land Cover CCI Product User Guide Version 2. Tech. Rep. (2017). Available at: maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/download/ESACCI-LC-Ph2-PUGv2_2.0.pdfMore technical documentation on the source datasets is available here:https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/satellite-land-cover?tab=doc*Index of all classes in this layer:10 Cropland, rainfed11 Herbaceous cover12 Tree or shrub cover20 Cropland, irrigated or post-flooding30 Mosaic cropland (>50%) / natural vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<50%)40 Mosaic natural vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (>50%) / cropland (<50%)50 Tree cover, broadleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)60 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)61 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed (>40%)62 Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, open (15-40%)70 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)71 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed (>40%)72 Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, open (15-40%)80 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)81 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed (>40%)82 Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, open (15-40%)90 Tree cover, mixed leaf type (broadleaved and needleleaved)100 Mosaic tree and shrub (>50%) / herbaceous cover (<50%)110 Mosaic herbaceous cover (>50%) / tree and shrub (<50%)120 Shrubland121 Shrubland evergreen122 Shrubland deciduous130 Grassland140 Lichens and mosses150 Sparse vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<15%)151 Sparse tree (<15%)152 Sparse shrub (<15%)153 Sparse herbaceous cover (<15%)160 Tree cover, flooded, fresh or brakish water170 Tree cover, flooded, saline water180 Shrub or herbaceous cover, flooded, fresh/saline/brakish water190 Urban areas200 Bare areas201 Consolidated bare areas202 Unconsolidated bare areas210 Water bodies

The dataset contains year- and crop-wise historically compiled all india data on the area of agricultural lands used for growing different types of food, non-food and other types of agricultural crops such as rice, jowar, bajra, maize, ragi/marua, wheat, barley, other cereals and millets, tur or arhar, other pulses, sugarcane, condiments, spices, fruits, vegetables, groundnut, castor, sesamum, mustard, lin, rapeseed, cotton, jute, indigo, opium, tobacco, tea, coffee, and other crops.

India Land Use: Land Area: Other data was reported at 460,982.500 sq km in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 463,646.500 sq km for 2021. India Land Use: Land Area: Other data is updated yearly, averaging 513,875.500 sq km from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2022, with 62 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,223,670.000 sq km in 1961 and a record low of 460,982.500 sq km in 2022. India Land Use: Land Area: Other data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Use: Non OECD Member: Annual.

This data set provides land use and land cover (LULC) classification products at 100-m resolution for India at decadal intervals for 1985, 1995 and 2005. The data were derived from Landsat 4 and 5 Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and Multispectral (MSS) data, India Remote Sensing satellites (IRS) Resourcesat Linear Imaging Self-Scanning Sensor-1 or III (LISS-I, LISS-III) data, ground truth surveys, and visual interpretation. The data were classified according to the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) classification scheme.

India Land Use: Land Area: Forest data was reported at 726,928.000 sq km in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 724,264.000 sq km for 2021. India Land Use: Land Area: Forest data is updated yearly, averaging 687,340.000 sq km from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2022, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 726,928.000 sq km in 2022 and a record low of 639,380.000 sq km in 1990. India Land Use: Land Area: Forest data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Use: Non OECD Member: Annual.

The dataset contains year-wise historically compiled all india data on the area of land under different types of land uses in India. These include land under forests, land not available for cultivation, other uncultivated land excluding fallow land, fallow lands, sown and cropped area, area sown more than once, etc.

India Categories of Land Use: Total Cropped Area data was reported at 219,158.000 ha th in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 216,107.000 ha th for 2021. India Categories of Land Use: Total Cropped Area data is updated yearly, averaging 196,374.000 ha th from Mar 2003 (Median) to 2022, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 219,158.000 ha th in 2022 and a record low of 175,660.000 ha th in 2003. India Categories of Land Use: Total Cropped Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIJ001: Agricultural Land: Categories of Land Use.

India Land Use: Land Area: Arable Land and Permanent Crops data was reported at 1,680,480.000 sq km in 2021. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1,680,480.000 sq km for 2020. India Land Use: Land Area: Arable Land and Permanent Crops data is updated yearly, averaging 1,693,170.000 sq km from Dec 1961 (Median) to 2021, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,703,250.000 sq km in 1994 and a record low of 1,609,860.000 sq km in 1961. India Land Use: Land Area: Arable Land and Permanent Crops data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Use: Non OECD Member: Annual.

This harmonized set of soil parameter estimates for the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India, at scale 1:1 000 000, has been derived from soil and terrain data collated in SOTER format by staff of the National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS and LUP) at Nagpur, India. The data set has been prepared for use in the project on "Assessment of soil organic carbon stocks and change at ... national scale" (GEFSOC), which has IGP-India as one of its four case study areas (see http://www.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/gefsoc-uk/).

The land surface of IGP-India has been characterized using 36 unique SOTER units, corresponding with 497 polygons. The major soils of these units have been described using 36 profiles, selected by national soil experts as being representative for these units. The associated soil analytical data have been derived from soil survey reports.

Gaps in the measured soil profile data have been filled using a scheme of taxotransfer rules. Parameter estimates are presented by soil unit for fixed depth intervals of 0.2 m to 1 m depth for: organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH(H2O), CECsoil, CECclay, base saturation, effective CEC, aluminum saturation, CaCO3 content, gypsum content, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity of saturated paste (ECe), bulk density, content of sand, silt and clay, content of coarse fragments, and available water capacity(-33 to-1500 kPa). These attributes have been identified as being useful for agro-ecological zoning, land evaluation, crop growth simulation, modelling of soil carbon stocks and change, and analyses of global environmental change.

The current parameter estimates should be seen as best estimates based on the current selection of soil profiles and data clustering procedure; taxotransfer rules have been flagged to provide an indication of the confidence in the derived data.

Results are presented as summary files and can be linked to the 1:1M scale SOTER map in a GIS, through the unique SOTER-unit code.

The secondary SOTER data set for IGP-India is considered appropriate for exploratory studies at regional scale (greater than1:1M); correlation of soil analytical data should be done more rigorously when more detailed scientific work is considered.

This data set provides land use and land cover (LULC) classification products at 100-m resolution for India at decadal intervals for 1985, 1995 and 2005. The data were derived from Landsat 4 and 5 Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and Multispectral (MSS) data, India Remote Sensing satellites (IRS) Resourcesat Linear Imaging Self-Scanning Sensor-1 or III (LISS-I, LISS-III) data, ground truth surveys, and visual interpretation. The data were classified according to the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) classification scheme.

India Categories of Land Use: Net Irrigated Area data was reported at 68,380.000 ha th in 2015. This records an increase from the previous number of 68,120.000 ha th for 2014. India Categories of Land Use: Net Irrigated Area data is updated yearly, averaging 40,690.000 ha th from Mar 1951 (Median) to 2015, with 65 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 68,380.000 ha th in 2015 and a record low of 20,850.000 ha th in 1951. India Categories of Land Use: Net Irrigated Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Agriculture and Cooperation. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIJ001: Agricultural Land: Categories of Land Use.

Abstract

The current India Agriculture Census with reference year 2010-11 is ninth in the series.

The Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India conducts Agriculture Census, quinquennially, to collect data on operational holdings in the country. The reference period for Agriculture Census is the Agricultural year (July-June). Being the ultimate unit for taking agriculture-related decisions, operational holding has been taken as statistical unit at micro-level for data collection.

The Agriculture Census was conducted in three distinct Phases. The provisional results for first Phase of the current Census were released at State and all India level in October, 2012. After, scrutinizing the results at District/Tehsil level, this database has now been finalized and is being published in the form of an All India Report on number and area of operational holdings.

The main objectives of the Agriculture Census are: i) To describe structure and characteristics of agriculture by providing statistical data on operational holdings, including land utilization, irrigation, source of irrigation, irrigated and unirrigated area under different crops, live-stock, agricultural machinery and implements, use of fertilizers, seeds, agricultural credit etc. ii) To provide benchmark data needed for formulating new agricultural development programmes and for evaluating their progress. iii) To provide basic frame of operational holdings for carrying out future agricultural surveys and, iv) To lay a basis for developing an integrated programme for current agricultural statistics.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

Agricultural household, individual

Kind of data

Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure

The Agriculture Census data is collected following two broad approaches; in States where comprehensive land records exist (Land Record States), for Phase-I of the Census, the data on primary characteristics of operational holdings are collected and compiled on complete enumeration basis through re-tabulation of information available in the Village Land Records. For other States (Non-Land record States), this data is collected on sample basis following household enquiry.

In land record States,data on Agriculture Census is pooled for all the parcels of an operational holding irrespective of its location. However, for operational convenience, the outer limit for pooling is restricted to taluka. This pooling is done for each operational holder in the village of his residence. In the non-land record States, the data is collected through sample survey in 20 per cent of villages in each block. These villages are selected through simple random sampling method and all the operational holdings in the selected villagesare enumerated following household enquiry approach.

In smaller UTs, like Lakshadweep, Daman & Diu etc., no sampling is done. i.e. all holdings in all the villages are surveyed for collection of data.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Soil is a key natural resource that provides the foundation of basic ecosystem services. Soil determines the types of farms and forests that can grow on a landscape. Soil filters water. Soil helps regulate the Earth's climate by storing large amounts of carbon. Activities that degrade soils reduce the value of the ecosystem services that soil provides. For example, since 1850 35% of human caused green house gas emissions are linked to land use change. The Soil Science Society of America is a good source of of additional information.Dataset SummaryThis layer provides access to a 30 arc-second (roughly 1 km) cell-sized raster with attributes describing the basic properties of soil derived from the Harmonized World Soil Database v 1.2. The values in this layer are for the dominant soil in each mapping unit (sequence field = 1).Attributes in this layer include:Soil Phase 1 and Soil Phase 2 - Phases identify characteristics of soils important for land use or management. Soils may have up to 2 phases with phase 1 being more important than phase 2.Other Properties - provides additional information important for agriculture.Additionally, 3 class description fields were added by Esri based on the document Harmonized World Soil Database Version 1.2 for use in web map pop-ups:Soil Phase 1 DescriptionSoil Phase 2 DescriptionOther Properties DescriptionThe layer is symbolized with the Soil Unit Name field.The document Harmonized World Soil Database Version 1.2 provides more detail on the soil properties attributes contained in this layer.Other attributes contained in this layer include:Soil Mapping Unit Name - the name of the spatially dominant major soil groupSoil Mapping Unit Symbol - a two letter code for labeling the spatially dominant major soil group in thematic mapsData Source - the HWSD is an aggregation of datasets. The data sources are the European Soil Database (ESDB), the 1:1 million soil map of China (CHINA), the Soil and Terrain Database Program (SOTWIS), and the Digital Soil Map of the World (DSMW).Percentage of Mapping Unit covered by dominant componentMore information on the Harmonized World Soil Database is available here.Other layers created from the Harmonized World Soil Database are available on ArcGIS Online:World Soils Harmonized World Soil Database - Bulk DensityWorld Soils Harmonized World Soil Database – ChemistryWorld Soils Harmonized World Soil Database - Exchange CapacityWorld Soils Harmonized World Soil Database – HydricWorld Soils Harmonized World Soil Database – TextureThe authors of this data set request that projects using these data include the following citation:FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.What can you do with this layer?This layer is suitable for both visualization and analysis. It can be used in ArcGIS Online in web maps and applications and can be used in ArcGIS Desktop.This layer has query, identify, and export image services available. This layer is restricted to a maximum area of 16,000 x 16,000 pixels - an area 4,000 kilometers on a side or an area approximately the size of Europe. The source data for this layer are available here.This layer is part of a larger collection of landscape layers that you can use to perform a wide variety of mapping and analysis tasks.The Living Atlas of the World provides an easy way to explore the landscape layers and many other beautiful and authoritative maps on hundreds of topics.Geonet is a good resource for learning more about landscape layers and the Living Atlas of the World. To get started follow these links:Living Atlas Discussion GroupSoil Data Discussion GroupThe Esri Insider Blog provides an introduction to the Ecophysiographic Mapping project.

The "Sen-2 LULC Dataset" is a collection of 2,13,750+ pre-processed 10 m resolution images representing 7 distinct classes of Land Use Land Cover. The 7 classes are water, Dense forest, Sparse forest, Barren land, Built up, Agriculture land and Fallow land. Multiple classes are present in the single image of the dataset. The Sentinel-2 images of Central India are taken from USGS (United States Geological Survey) EXPLORER (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/) with cloud clover percentage ranging from 0 to 0.5. The images are combination of bands 3, 4 and 5 constituting the red, green and blue bands with spectral resolution of 10m. The images are taken within the months of March and April 2022. The images used in the dataset belongs to Sentinel-2 Level-2A product (https://sentinels.copernicus.eu/web/sentinel/user-guides/sentinel-2-msi/product-types/level-2a#:~:text=The%20Level%2D2A%20product%20provides,(UTM%2FWGS84%20projection).). The dataset contains equal number of mask images. The dataset contains 6 folders with train, test and validate images and train, test and validate masks. This dataset can be used for Land Use Land Cover Classification (LULC) of Indian region to build the deep learning models. This dataset is beneficial for LULC classification research.

Agricultural Land: Haryana: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data was reported at 4,371.000 ha th in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 4,371.000 ha th for 2021. Agricultural Land: Haryana: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data is updated yearly, averaging 4,371.000 ha th from Mar 2003 (Median) to 2022, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,375.000 ha th in 2003 and a record low of 4,370.000 ha th in 2011. Agricultural Land: Haryana: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIJ014: Agricultural Land: Type of Use: Haryana.

This dataset contains Land Cover/Land Use (LCLU) maps for Sindhudurg, Shivamogga and Wayanad, India. LCLU products are state-of-the-art statically stable and area weighted accuracy assessed products. The LCLU product was generated for Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD), a Zoonotic disease. KFD is an “ecotonal” disease. Diverse forest-plantation mosaics, zone moist evergreen forest and plantation, and low coverage of dry deciduous forest will cause higher risks for KFD. Our LCLU product aimed to separate diverse forest types and plantation and we achieved high accuracy (>90%). The study covers Sindhudurg, Shivamogga, and Wayanad Western Ghats district which belong to Indian state Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Kerala respectively.

Agricultural Land: Gujarat: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data was reported at 18,810.000 ha th in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 18,810.000 ha th for 2021. Agricultural Land: Gujarat: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data is updated yearly, averaging 18,868.100 ha th from Mar 2003 (Median) to 2022, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 19,069.000 ha th in 2017 and a record low of 18,638.000 ha th in 2003. Agricultural Land: Gujarat: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIJ013: Agricultural Land: Type of Use: Gujarat.

India Categories of Land Use: Gross Irrigated Area data was reported at 120,380.000 ha th in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 118,930.000 ha th for 2021. India Categories of Land Use: Gross Irrigated Area data is updated yearly, averaging 55,145.000 ha th from Mar 1951 (Median) to 2022, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 120,380.000 ha th in 2022 and a record low of 22,560.000 ha th in 1951. India Categories of Land Use: Gross Irrigated Area data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIJ001: Agricultural Land: Categories of Land Use.

Agricultural Land: Punjab: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data was reported at 5,033.000 ha th in 2022. This stayed constant from the previous number of 5,033.000 ha th for 2021. Agricultural Land: Punjab: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data is updated yearly, averaging 5,033.000 ha th from Mar 2003 (Median) to 2022, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,033.000 ha th in 2022 and a record low of 5,032.732 ha th in 2007. Agricultural Land: Punjab: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIJ030: Agricultural Land: Type of Use: Punjab.

Agricultural Land: Nagaland: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data was reported at 1,657.000 ha th in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,655.000 ha th for 2021. Agricultural Land: Nagaland: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data is updated yearly, averaging 1,648.000 ha th from Mar 2003 (Median) to 2022, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,657.000 ha th in 2022 and a record low of 1,581.892 ha th in 2006. Agricultural Land: Nagaland: Type of Use: Reporting Area for Land Utilisation Statistics data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Agriculture Sector – Table IN.RIJ026: Agricultural Land: Type of Use: Nagaland.