Foreign Exchange Reserves in India increased to 702970 USD Million in September 12 from 698270 USD Million in the previous week. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - India Foreign Exchange Reserves - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

In financial year 2024, the value of foreign exchange reserves in India stood at around *** billion U.S. dollars. This was a significant increase from the previous year. In fiscal year 2023, the value of foreign exchange reserve stood at around *** billion dollars.

Key information about India Foreign Exchange Reserves

• India Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 537.7 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with 547.5 USD bn in the previous month
• India Foreign Exchange Reserves: USD mn data is updated monthly, available from Apr 1989 to Jan 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 617.1 USD bn in Sep 2024 and a record low of 1.1 USD bn in Jun 1991

The Reserve Bank of India provides monthly Foreign Exchange Reserves in USD.


Further information about India Foreign Exchange Reserves

• In the latest reports, India Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 9.2 Months of Import in May 2023.
• Its Money Supply M2 increased 765.5 USD bn YoY in Nov 2024.
• India Domestic Credit reached 3,168.1 USD bn in Dec 2024, representing an increased of 11.1 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 2.8 % in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 3.9 % in the previous year.
• Household Debt of India reached 17.1 % in Mar 2024, accounting for 17.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP.

Foreign Exchange Reserves in China increased to 3322000 USD Million in August from 3292000 USD Million in July of 2025. This dataset provides - China Foreign Exchange Reserves - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Of all the countries in the world, China had, by far, the largest international reserves in July 2025, with **** trillion USD in reserves and foreign currency liquidity. Japan was the only other country with over a trillion U.S. dollars in reserves in early 2025, with a total of *** trillion U.S. dollars. Why do countries hold reserves? A simple explanation for China’s accumulation of foreign currency could be its consistently positive and substantial trade balance. When China exports goods and services, it accepts the foreign currency, usually U.S. dollars, and holds that currency in reserve. In addition to facilitating trade, most countries, including China, also hold foreign exchange reserves to ensure the stability of their currencies and facilitate other foreign transactions. Other significant reserves Even though most of the world left the gold standard in 1971, most countries still retain large gold reserves. The United States, followed by Germany and Italy, held the largest amount of gold reserves worldwide as of December 2018.

Key information about China Foreign Exchange Reserves

• China Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 3,227.2 USD bn in Feb 2025, compared with 3,209.0 USD bn in the previous month
• China Foreign Exchange Reserves: USD mn data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1989 to Feb 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 3,993.2 USD bn in Jun 2014 and a record low of 3.7 USD bn in Jan 1989

The People's Bank of China provides monthly Foreign Exchange Reserves in USD.


Further information about China Foreign Exchange Reserves

• In the latest reports, China Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 13.9 Months of Import in Dec 2024.
• Its Money Supply M2 increased 44,045.8 USD bn YoY in Sep 2024.
• China Domestic Credit reached 49,338.1 USD bn in Jan 2025, representing an increased of 7.9 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 1.5 % in Dec 2024, compared with the ratio of 1.6 % in the previous quarter.
• Household Debt of China reached 63.3 % in Mar 2023, accounting for 63.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP.

Foreign Exchange Reserves in Bangladesh increased to 31166.20 USD Million in August from 29799.80 USD Million in July of 2025. This dataset provides - Bangladesh Foreign Exchange Reserves - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Key information about Pakistan Foreign Exchange Reserves

• Pakistan Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 15.6 USD bn in Jan 2025, compared with 15.9 USD bn in the previous month
• Pakistan Foreign Exchange Reserves: USD mn data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1959 to Jan 2025
• The data reached an all-time high of 27.1 USD bn in Aug 2021 and a record low of 96.0 USD mn in Jan 1972

The State Bank of Pakistan provides monthly Foreign Exchange Reserves in USD. Foreign Exchange Reserves includes SDRs and part of Foreign Exchange Reserves is held by Scheduled Bank. Foreign Exchange Reserves prior to January 1990 is sourced from the International Monetary Fund.


Further information about Pakistan Foreign Exchange Reserves

• In the latest reports, Pakistan Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 3.0 Months of Import in Jan 2025.
• Its Money Supply M2 increased 127.8 USD bn YoY in Dec 2024.
• Pakistan Domestic Credit reached 168.7 USD bn in Dec 2024, representing an increased of 16.4 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 8.4 % in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 7.6 % in the previous quarter.

The euro and U.S. dollar made up more than ***** of 10 SWIFT payments worldwide in 2025, outperforming many other currencies. This is according to a monthly report meant to track the market share of China's yuan renminbi within the international bank transfer system SWIFT. Although China holds the largest forex reserves in the world, the yuan ranked as the ******-used currency in international payments. The figures concern customer-initiated and institutional payments and exclude trade. Discussions on the potential weakening role of the U.S. dollar especially touch world trade and forex. For example, the share of the USD in forex reserves declined visibly against the euro and Japanese yen in 2024. What sparked this de-dollarization trend, and will it continue? Trade sanctions and de-dollarization De-dollarization in 2024 is mentioned mostly alongside trade and the BRICS countries - an informal name given to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. The combined GDP of BRICS is about ** percent of the world's economy. After the start of the Ukraine war and Russia received economic sanctions, the BRICS slowly evolved into a trading bloc. The group increasingly wanted its own currency to settle payments within the trade bloc, to avoid using the U.S. dollar. In August 2024, BRICS will gather in South Africa to discuss the creation of such a new joint currency. Additionally, ** countries - including Argentina, Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Yemen - expressed interest in joining the BRICS group. CBDC, or projects into a digital payment settlement A factor of future uncertainty for the U.S. dollar is how central bank digital currencies (CBDC) develop in emerging countries. Several projects exist between individual countries that specifically target cross-border interbank payments. A cooperation between Thailand and Hong Kong, Inthanon-Lionrock, ranks as the most advanced of these projects. CBDC does not require the U.S. dollar to function. Tangible such as commodities or gold can back them. The value of transactions processed with CBDC is to grow by ******* percent between 2024 and 2030.

Forex daily volume was nearly *** billion U.S. dollars for the USD currency, an amount ***** times higher than for the euro (EUR). The forex - or foreign exchange market - turnover per day is a figure that is not often measured, only once every three years. No figures are available for 2020, for instance. What figures are available, however, indicate that the USD currency far outweighs that of many other currencies all over the world. What is the forex market? The forex market is based on the fluctuations in the value of currency interest rates. For example, the U.S. dollar performs differently against other major currencies. If one can properly predict these fluctuations, they can buy a weaker currency with a stronger one. After the currencies rebalance, the original currency will be worth more in terms of the exchange rate, giving the investor a profit. There are many foreign exchange trading services, including many multinational banks which already work in multiple currencies. Other currency trading functions Countries and central banks typically hold foreign currencies. These international reserves help facilitate the transactions in international trade, which is one reason China’s foreign reserves are so high. Countries can buy and sell foreign currencies to maintain a particular exchange rate. This is necessary for currencies which are pegged to another currency, such as the U.S. dollar. However, some countries are accused of exchange rate manipulation to make their exports seem more attractive. Finally, certain currencies are considered safer. Citizens and firms in a country with an unstable currency will buy these currencies to avoid volatility, or even hyperinflation, in their home currency.

Key information about India Gold Reserves

• India Gold Reserves was reported at 70.893 USD bn in Jan 2025
• This records an increase from the previous number of 66.148 USD bn for Dec 2024
• India Gold Reserves data is updated monthly, averaging 2.700 USD bn from Dec 1956 to Jan 2025, with 818 observations
• The data reached an all-time high of 70.893 USD bn in Jan 2025 and a record low of 175.469 USD mn in Mar 1989
• India Gold Reserves data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Global Economic Monitor – Table: Gold Reserves: USD: Monthly

CEIC extends history for monthly Gold Reserves. The Reserve Bank of India provides Gold Reserves in USD. Gold Reserves prior to April 1989 are sourced from the International Monetary Fund.

Key information about India Domestic Credit

• India Domestic Credit reached 3,168.1 USD bn in Dec 2024, compared with a reported figure of 3,203.2 USD bn in the previous month
• India Domestic Credit data is updated monthly
• It is available from Mar 1999 to Dec 2024 and averaged 1,471.6 USD bn
• The data reached an all-time high of 3,203.2 USD bn in Nov 2024 and a record low of 227.9 USD bn in Mar 1999

CEIC converts monthly Domestic Credit into USD. The Reserve Bank of India provides Domestic Credit in local currency. The Federal Reserve Board period end market exchange rate is used for currency conversions.


Further information about India Domestic Credit

• In the latest reports, India Domestic Credit represented an increased of 11.1 % YoY in Dec 2024
• Money Supply M2 in India increased to 765.5 USD bn YoY in Nov 2024
• India Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 547.5 USD bn in Dec 2024
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 9.2 Months of Import in May 2023
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 2.8 % in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 3.9 % in the previous year
• Household Debt of India reached 17.4 % in Mar 2024, accounting for 17.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP

Key information about India Non Performing Loans Ratio

• India Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 2.8 % in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 3.9 % in the previous year
• India Non Performing Loans Ratio data is updated yearly, available from Mar 1998 to Mar 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 14.7 % in Mar 1999 and a record low of 2.3 % in Mar 2011

Reserve Bank of India provides annual Non Performing Loans Ratio. Non Performing Loans are defined as loans overdue for more than 90 days.


Further information about India Non Performing Loans Ratio

• In the latest reports, Money Supply M2 in India increased 8.6 % YoY in Sep 2024
• India Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 589.8 USD bn in Oct 2024
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 9.2 Months of Import in May 2023
• The country's Domestic Credit reached 3,162.1 USD bn in Oct 2024, representing an increased of 10.9 % YoY
• Household Debt of India reached 617.3 USD bn in Mar 2024, accounting for 17.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP

Key information about India Household Debt: % of GDP

• India household debt accounted for 17.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 14.9 % in the previous year.
• India household debt to GDP ratio is updated yearly, available from Mar 1998 to Mar 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 17.1 % in Mar 2024 and a record low of 2.2 % in Mar 1999.

CEIC calculates annual Household Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual Household Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The Reserve Bank of India provides Household Debt in local currency. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation provides Nominal GDP in local currency based on SNA 2008, at 2011-2012 prices. Loans are used due to the lack of Flow of Funds statistics. Household Debt includes Consumer Durables, Housing and Rest of Personal Loans. Household Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, ending in March of each year.


Related information about India Household Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, India Household Debt reached 617.3 USD bn in Mar 2024.
• Money Supply M2 in India increased 7.9 % YoY in Nov 2024.
• India Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 547.5 USD bn in Dec 2024.
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 9.2 Months of Import in May 2023.
• India Domestic Credit reached 3,168.1 USD bn in Dec 2024, representing an increased of 11.1 % YoY.
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 2.8 % in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 3.9 % in the previous year.

Key information about India Domestic Credit Growth

• India Domestic Credit increased 11.1 % YoY in Dec 2024, compared with an increase of 11.5 % YoY in the previous month
• India Domestic Credit Growth YoY data is updated monthly
• It averaged 13.6 %, available from Mar 2000 to Dec 2024
• The data reached an all-time high of 27.1 % in Jul 2009 and a record low of 5.4 % in May 2021

CEIC calculates Domestic Credit Growth from monthly Domestic Credit. The Reserve Bank of India provides Domestic Credit in local currency.


Further information about India Domestic Credit Growth

• In the latest reports, India Domestic Credit reached 3,168.1 USD bn in Dec 2024
• Money Supply M2 in India increased to 765.5 USD bn YoY in Nov 2024
• India Foreign Exchange Reserves was measured at 547.5 USD bn in Dec 2024
• The Foreign Exchange Reserves equaled 9.2 Months of Import in May 2023
• The country's Non Performing Loans Ratio stood at 2.8 % in Mar 2024, compared with the ratio of 3.9 % in the previous year
• Household Debt of India reached 17.4 % in Mar 2024, accounting for 17.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP