This statistic depicts the age distribution of India from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, about 25.06 percent of the Indian population fell into the 0-14 year category, 68.02 percent into the 15-64 age group and 6.92 percent were over 65 years of age. Age distribution in India India is one of the largest countries in the world and its population is constantly increasing. India’s society is categorized into a hierarchically organized caste system, encompassing certain rights and values for each caste. Indians are born into a caste, and those belonging to a lower echelon often face discrimination and hardship. The median age (which means that one half of the population is younger and the other one is older) of India’s population has been increasing constantly after a slump in the 1970s, and is expected to increase further over the next few years. However, in international comparison, it is fairly low; in other countries the average inhabitant is about 20 years older. But India seems to be on the rise, not only is it a member of the BRIC states – an association of emerging economies, the other members being Brazil, Russia and China –, life expectancy of Indians has also increased significantly over the past decade, which is an indicator of access to better health care and nutrition. Gender equality is still non-existant in India, even though most Indians believe that the quality of life is about equal for men and women in their country. India is patriarchal and women still often face forced marriages, domestic violence, dowry killings or rape. As of late, India has come to be considered one of the least safe places for women worldwide. Additionally, infanticide and selective abortion of female fetuses attribute to the inequality of women in India. It is believed that this has led to the fact that the vast majority of Indian children aged 0 to 6 years are male.

The growth in India's overall population is driven by its young population. Nearly 70 percent of the country's population was between the ages of 15 and 64 years old in 2020. With over 600 million people between 18 and 35 years old, India had the largest number of millennials and Gen Zs globally.

India Population: Census: Age: 35 to 39 Year data was reported at 85,140.684 Person th in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 70,574.000 Person th for 03-01-2001. India Population: Census: Age: 35 to 39 Year data is updated decadal, averaging 70,574.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85,140.684 Person th in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 52,399.000 Person th in 03-01-1991. India Population: Census: Age: 35 to 39 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

India Population: Census: Female: Age: 45 to 49 Year data was reported at 30,180.213 Person th in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 22,541.000 Person th for 2001. India Population: Census: Female: Age: 45 to 49 Year data is updated yearly, averaging 22,541.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 30,180.213 Person th in 2011 and a record low of 17,179.000 Person th in 1991. India Population: Census: Female: Age: 45 to 49 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

Globally, about 25 percent of the population is under 15 years of age and 10 percent is over 65 years of age. Africa has the youngest population worldwide. In Sub-Saharan Africa, more than 40 percent of the population is below 15 years, and only three percent are above 65, indicating the low life expectancy in several of the countries. In Europe, on the other hand, a higher share of the population is above 65 years than the population under 15 years. Fertility rates The high share of children and youth in Africa is connected to the high fertility rates on the continent. For instance, South Sudan and Niger have the highest population growth rates globally. However, about 50 percent of the world’s population live in countries with low fertility, where women have less than 2.1 children. Some countries in Europe, like Latvia and Lithuania, have experienced a population decline of one percent, and in the Cook Islands, it is even above two percent. In Europe, the majority of the population was previously working-aged adults with few dependents, but this trend is expected to reverse soon, and it is predicted that by 2050, the older population will outnumber the young in many developed countries. Growing global population As of 2025, there are 8.1 billion people living on the planet, and this is expected to reach more than nine billion before 2040. Moreover, the global population is expected to reach 10 billions around 2060, before slowing and then even falling slightly by 2100. As the population growth rates indicate, a significant share of the population increase will happen in Africa.

India Vital Statistics: Age Specific Fertility Rate: per 1000 Female Population: Educational Level of Women: Literate: Graduate and Above: Age: 45-49 data was reported at 2.100 NA in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.400 NA for 2015. India Vital Statistics: Age Specific Fertility Rate: per 1000 Female Population: Educational Level of Women: Literate: Graduate and Above: Age: 45-49 data is updated yearly, averaging 1.100 NA from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2016, with 7 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.400 NA in 2015 and a record low of 0.100 NA in 2011. India Vital Statistics: Age Specific Fertility Rate: per 1000 Female Population: Educational Level of Women: Literate: Graduate and Above: Age: 45-49 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH008: Vital Statistics: Age Specific Fertility Rate: by Education Level of Women.

Over 45 percent of the Indian population was married in 2020. Of this, women made up a higher share at nearly 49 percent, while this stood at about 42 percent among men during the same time period. About 3.2 percent overall were categorized as divorced/separated/widowed or widower.

India Population: Census: Age: 15 to 19 Year data was reported at 120,526.449 Person th in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 100,216.000 Person th for 03-01-2001. India Population: Census: Age: 15 to 19 Year data is updated decadal, averaging 100,216.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 120,526.449 Person th in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 79,035.000 Person th in 03-01-1991. India Population: Census: Age: 15 to 19 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

India Census: Population: Rural: Age: 45 data was reported at 16,396,175.000 Person in 2011. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17,408,569.000 Person for 2001. India Census: Population: Rural: Age: 45 data is updated yearly, averaging 17,408,569.000 Person from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17,841,441.000 Person in 1991 and a record low of 16,396,175.000 Person in 2011. India Census: Population: Rural: Age: 45 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD003: Census: Population: by Single Age: Rural.

India Population: Census: Male: Age: 25 to 29 year data was reported at 51,344.208 Person th in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 41,557.000 Person th for 2001. India Population: Census: Male: Age: 25 to 29 year data is updated yearly, averaging 41,557.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 51,344.208 Person th in 2011 and a record low of 34,546.000 Person th in 1991. India Population: Census: Male: Age: 25 to 29 year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset tabulates the population of Indian Village by gender across 18 age groups. It lists the male and female population in each age group along with the gender ratio for Indian Village. The dataset can be utilized to understand the population distribution of Indian Village by gender and age. For example, using this dataset, we can identify the largest age group for both Men and Women in Indian Village. Additionally, it can be used to see how the gender ratio changes from birth to senior most age group and male to female ratio across each age group for Indian Village.

Key observations

Largest age group (population): Male # 75-79 years (10) | Female # 10-14 years (11). Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates.

Age groups:

• Under 5 years
• 5 to 9 years
• 10 to 14 years
• 15 to 19 years
• 20 to 24 years
• 25 to 29 years
• 30 to 34 years
• 35 to 39 years
• 40 to 44 years
• 45 to 49 years
• 50 to 54 years
• 55 to 59 years
• 60 to 64 years
• 65 to 69 years
• 70 to 74 years
• 75 to 79 years
• 80 to 84 years
• 85 years and over

Scope of gender :

Please note that American Community Survey asks a question about the respondents current sex, but not about gender, sexual orientation, or sex at birth. The question is intended to capture data for biological sex, not gender. Respondents are supposed to respond with the answer as either of Male or Female. Our research and this dataset mirrors the data reported as Male and Female for gender distribution analysis.

Variables / Data Columns

• Age Group: This column displays the age group for the Indian Village population analysis. Total expected values are 18 and are define above in the age groups section.
• Population (Male): The male population in the Indian Village is shown in the following column.
• Population (Female): The female population in the Indian Village is shown in the following column.
• Gender Ratio: Also known as the sex ratio, this column displays the number of males per 100 females in Indian Village for each age group.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Indian Village Population by Gender. You can refer the same here

India Census: Population: Female: Age: 40 data was reported at 13,355,581.000 Person in 2011. This records a decrease from the previous number of 13,434,269.000 Person for 2001. India Census: Population: Female: Age: 40 data is updated yearly, averaging 13,434,269.000 Person from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13,480,828.000 Person in 1991 and a record low of 13,355,581.000 Person in 2011. India Census: Population: Female: Age: 40 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD002: Census: Population: by Single Age.

In the financial year 2021, the number of super-rich households earning more than 20 million Indian rupees went up to 1.81 million from 1.06 million in the financial year 2016. This was an annual growth of 11.3 percent. The number is expected to grow to over nine million in the financial year 2031 and 32 million households in the financial year 2047. This will be the fastest growth across all income categories. On the other hand, destitute classified Indian households with earnings of less than 125 thousand annually decreased only marginally to 45.17 million in financial year 2021 from 46.5 million in 2016. However, it is estimated that the number of destitute households will fall to just 7.2 million by the financial year 2047.

India Population: Census: Female: Age: 30 to 34 Year data was reported at 43,934.277 Person th in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 36,912.000 Person th for 2001. India Population: Census: Female: Age: 30 to 34 Year data is updated yearly, averaging 36,912.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 43,934.277 Person th in 2011 and a record low of 28,486.000 Person th in 1991. India Population: Census: Female: Age: 30 to 34 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

In 2024, about 60.9 percent of the Chinese population was between 16 and 59 years old. Apart from the information given on broad age groups in this statistic, some more information is provided by a timeline for the age distribution and a population breakdown by smaller age groups. Demographic development in China China ranked as the second most populous country in the world with a population of nearly 1.41 billion as of mid 2024, surpassed only by India. As the world population reached more than eight billion in mid 2024, China represented almost one fifth of the global population. China's population increased exponentially between the 1950s and the early 1980s due to Mao Zedong's population policy. To tackle the problem of overpopulation, a one-child policy was implemented in 1979. Since then, China's population growth has slowed from more than two percent per annum in the 1970s to around 0.5 percent per annum in the 2000s, and finally turned negative in 2022. China's aging population One outcome of the strict population policy is the acceleration of demographic aging trends. According to the United Nations, China's population median age has more than doubled over the last five decades, from 18 years in 1970 to 37.5 years in 2020. Few countries have aged faster than China. The dramatic aging of the population is matched by slower growth. The total fertility rate, measuring the number of children a woman can expect to have in her life, stood at just around 1.2 children. This incremental decline in labor force could lead to future challenges for the Chinese government, causing instability in current health care and social insurance mechanisms. To learn more about demographic development of the rural and urban population in China, please take a look at our reports on population in China and aging population in China.

India Population: Census: Male: Age: 20 to 24 Year data was reported at 57,584.693 Person th in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 46,321.000 Person th for 2001. India Population: Census: Male: Age: 20 to 24 Year data is updated yearly, averaging 46,321.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 57,584.693 Person th in 2011 and a record low of 37,514.000 Person th in 1991. India Population: Census: Male: Age: 20 to 24 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

Vital Statistics: Age Specific Fertility Rate: per 1000 Female Population: Educational Level of Women: Literate: Graduate and Above: Age: 45-49在2016达2.100 NA，相较于2015的3.400 NA有所下降。Vital Statistics: Age Specific Fertility Rate: per 1000 Female Population: Educational Level of Women: Literate: Graduate and Above: Age: 45-49数据按每年更新，2010至2016期间平均值为1.100 NA，共7份观测结果。该数据的历史最高值出现于2015，达3.400 NA，而历史最低值则出现于2011，为0.100 NA。CEIC提供的Vital Statistics: Age Specific Fertility Rate: per 1000 Female Population: Educational Level of Women: Literate: Graduate and Above: Age: 45-49数据处于定期更新的状态，数据来源于Census of India，数据归类于India Premium Database的Demographic – Table IN.GAH008: Vital Statistics: Age Specific Fertility Rate: by Education Level of Women。

Abstract

The second National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2), conducted in 1998-99, provides information on fertility, mortality, family planning, and important aspects of nutrition, health, and health care. The International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) coordinated the survey, which collected information from a nationally representative sample of more than 90,000 ever-married women age 15-49. The NFHS-2 sample covers 99 percent of India's population living in all 26 states. This report is based on the survey data for 25 of the 26 states, however, since data collection in Tripura was delayed due to local problems in the state.

IIPS also coordinated the first National Family Health Survey (NFHS-1) in 1992-93. Most of the types of information collected in NFHS-2 were also collected in the earlier survey, making it possible to identify trends over the intervening period of six and one-half years. In addition, the NFHS-2 questionnaire covered a number of new or expanded topics with important policy implications, such as reproductive health, women's autonomy, domestic violence, women's nutrition, anaemia, and salt iodization.

The NFHS-2 survey was carried out in two phases. Ten states were surveyed in the first phase which began in November 1998 and the remaining states (except Tripura) were surveyed in the second phase which began in March 1999. The field staff collected information from 91,196 households in these 25 states and interviewed 89,199 eligible women in these households. In addition, the survey collected information on 32,393 children born in the three years preceding the survey. One health investigator on each survey team measured the height and weight of eligible women and children and took blood samples to assess the prevalence of anaemia.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS

Three-quarters (73 percent) of the population lives in rural areas. The age distribution is typical of populations that have recently experienced a fertility decline, with relatively low proportions in the younger and older age groups. Thirty-six percent of the population is below age 15, and 5 percent is age 65 and above. The sex ratio is 957 females for every 1,000 males in rural areas but only 928 females for every 1,000 males in urban areas, suggesting that more men than women have migrated to urban areas.

The survey provides a variety of demographic and socioeconomic background information. In the country as a whole, 82 percent of household heads are Hindu, 12 percent are Muslim, 3 percent are Christian, and 2 percent are Sikh. Muslims live disproportionately in urban areas, where they comprise 15 percent of household heads. Nineteen percent of household heads belong to scheduled castes, 9 percent belong to scheduled tribes, and 32 percent belong to other backward classes (OBCs). Two-fifths of household heads do not belong to any of these groups.

Questions about housing conditions and the standard of living of households indicate some improvements since the time of NFHS-1. Sixty percent of households in India now have electricity and 39 percent have piped drinking water compared with 51 percent and 33 percent, respectively, at the time of NFHS-1. Sixty-four percent of households have no toilet facility compared with 70 percent at the time of NFHS-1.

About three-fourths (75 percent) of males and half (51 percent) of females age six and above are literate, an increase of 6-8 percentage points from literacy rates at the time of NFHS-1. The percentage of illiterate males varies from 6-7 percent in Mizoram and Kerala to 37 percent in Bihar and the percentage of illiterate females varies from 11 percent in Mizoram and 15 percent in Kerala to 65 percent in Bihar. Seventy-nine percent of children age 6-14 are attending school, up from 68 percent in NFHS-1. The proportion of children attending school has increased for all ages, particularly for girls, but girls continue to lag behind boys in school attendance. Moreover, the disparity in school attendance by sex grows with increasing age of children. At age 6-10, 85 percent of boys attend school compared with 78 percent of girls. By age 15-17, 58 percent of boys attend school compared with 40 percent of girls. The percentage of girls 6-17 attending school varies from 51 percent in Bihar and 56 percent in Rajasthan to over 90 percent in Himachal Pradesh and Kerala.

Women in India tend to marry at an early age. Thirty-four percent of women age 15-19 are already married including 4 percent who are married but gauna has yet to be performed. These proportions are even higher in the rural areas. Older women are more likely than younger women to have married at an early age: 39 percent of women currently age 45-49 married before age 15 compared with 14 percent of women currently age 15-19. Although this indicates that the proportion of women who marry young is declining rapidly, half the women even in the age group 20-24 have married before reaching the legal minimum age of 18 years. On average, women are five years younger than the men they marry. The median age at marriage varies from about 15 years in Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Andhra Pradesh to 23 years in Goa.

As part of an increasing emphasis on gender issues, NFHS-2 asked women about their participation in household decisionmaking. In India, 91 percent of women are involved in decision-making on at least one of four selected topics. A much lower proportion (52 percent), however, are involved in making decisions about their own health care. There are large variations among states in India with regard to women's involvement in household decisionmaking. More than three out of four women are involved in decisions about their own health care in Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, and Punjab compared with about two out of five or less in Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, and Rajasthan. Thirty-nine percent of women do work other than housework, and more than two-thirds of these women work for cash. Only 41 percent of women who earn cash can decide independently how to spend the money that they earn. Forty-three percent of working women report that their earnings constitute at least half of total family earnings, including 18 percent who report that the family is entirely dependent on their earnings. Women's work-participation rates vary from 9 percent in Punjab and 13 percent in Haryana to 60-70 percent in Manipur, Nagaland, and Arunachal Pradesh.

FERTILITY AND FAMILY PLANNING

Fertility continues to decline in India. At current fertility levels, women will have an average of 2.9 children each throughout their childbearing years. The total fertility rate (TFR) is down from 3.4 children per woman at the time of NFHS-1, but is still well above the replacement level of just over two children per woman. There are large variations in fertility among the states in India. Goa and Kerala have attained below replacement level fertility and Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Punjab are at or close to replacement level fertility. By contrast, fertility is 3.3 or more children per woman in Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Nagaland, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh. More than one-third to less than half of all births in these latter states are fourth or higher-order births compared with 7-9 percent of births in Kerala, Goa, and Tamil Nadu.

Efforts to encourage the trend towards lower fertility might usefully focus on groups within the population that have higher fertility than average. In India, rural women and women from scheduled tribes and scheduled castes have somewhat higher fertility than other women, but fertility is particularly high for illiterate women, poor women, and Muslim women. Another striking feature is the high level of childbearing among young women. More than half of women age 20-49 had their first birth before reaching age 20, and women age 15-19 account for almost one-fifth of total fertility. Studies in India and elsewhere have shown that health and mortality risks increase when women give birth at such young ages?both for the women themselves and for their children. Family planning programmes focusing on women in this age group could make a significant impact on maternal and child health and help to reduce fertility.

INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY

NFHS-2 provides estimates of infant and child mortality and examines factors associated with the survival of young children. During the five years preceding the survey, the infant mortality rate was 68 deaths at age 0-11 months per 1,000 live births, substantially lower than 79 per 1,000 in the five years preceding the NFHS-1 survey. The child mortality rate, 29 deaths at age 1-4 years per 1,000 children reaching age one, also declined from the corresponding rate of 33 per 1,000 in NFHS-1. Ninety-five children out of 1,000 born do not live to age five years. Expressed differently, 1 in 15 children die in the first year of life, and 1 in 11 die before reaching age five. Child-survival programmes might usefully focus on specific groups of children with particularly high infant and child mortality rates, such as children who live in rural areas, children whose mothers are illiterate, children belonging to scheduled castes or scheduled tribes, and children from poor households. Infant mortality rates are more than two and one-half times as high for women who did not receive any of the recommended types of maternity related medical care than for mothers who did receive all recommended types of care.

HEALTH, HEALTH CARE, AND NUTRITION

Promotion of maternal and child health has been one of the most important components of the Family Welfare Programme of the Government of India. One goal is for each pregnant woman to receive at least three antenatal check-ups plus two tetanus toxoid injections and a full course of iron and folic acid supplementation. In India, mothers of 65 percent of the children

Looking back 45 years or so, progress against poverty in India has been highly uneven over time and space. It took 20 years for the national poverty rate to fall below—and stay below—its value in the early 1950s. And trend rates of poverty reduction have differed appreciably between states. This research project aimed to understand what influence economy-wide and sectoral factors have played in the evolution of poverty measures for India since the 1950s, and to draw lessons for the future. This database contains detailed statistics on a wide range of topics in India. The data are presented at the state level and at the all-India level separately. The database uses published information to construct comprehensive series in six subject blocks. Period coverage is roughly from 1950 to 1994. The database contains 30 spreadsheets and 89 text files (ASCII) that are grouped into the six subject blocks. The formats and sizes of the 30 spreadsheets vary considerably. The list of variables included: . Expenditures (distribution) . National Accounts . Prices Wages . Population . Rainfall

Married Indians made up over 45 percent of the population in India in 2020. Men and women between 30 and 34 years old made up the highest share of married population that year. Additionally, Indians between 25 and 29 years old contributed to more than five percent of the married population during the same time period.