The statistic shows the total population of India from 2019 to 2029. In 2023, the estimated total population in India amounted to approximately 1.43 billion people.

Total population in India

India currently has the second-largest population in the world and is projected to overtake top-ranking China within forty years. Its residents comprise more than one-seventh of the entire world’s population, and despite a slowly decreasing fertility rate (which still exceeds the replacement rate and keeps the median age of the population relatively low), an increasing life expectancy adds to an expanding population. In comparison with other countries whose populations are decreasing, such as Japan, India has a relatively small share of aged population, which indicates the probability of lower death rates and higher retention of the existing population.

With a land mass of less than half that of the United States and a population almost four times greater, India has recognized potential problems of its growing population. Government attempts to implement family planning programs have achieved varying degrees of success. Initiatives such as sterilization programs in the 1970s have been blamed for creating general antipathy to family planning, but the combined efforts of various family planning and contraception programs have helped halve fertility rates since the 1960s. The population growth rate has correspondingly shrunk as well, but has not yet reached less than one percent growth per year.

As home to thousands of ethnic groups, hundreds of languages, and numerous religions, a cohesive and broadly-supported effort to reduce population growth is difficult to create. Despite that, India is one country to watch in coming years. It is also a growing economic power; among other measures, its GDP per capita was expected to triple between 2003 and 2013 and was listed as the third-ranked country for its share of the global gross domestic product.

Chart and table of India population from 1950 to 2025. United Nations projections are also included through the year 2100.

The annual population growth in India increased by 0.1 percentage points (+14.71 percent) in 2023 in comparison to the previous year. This was the first time during the observed period that the population growth has increased in India. Population growth refers to the annual change in population, and is based on the balance between birth and death rates, as well as migration.Find more key insights for the annual population growth in countries like Nepal and Sri Lanka.

In 1800, the population of the region of present-day India was approximately 169 million. The population would grow gradually throughout the 19th century, rising to over 240 million by 1900. Population growth would begin to increase in the 1920s, as a result of falling mortality rates, due to improvements in health, sanitation and infrastructure. However, the population of India would see it’s largest rate of growth in the years following the country’s independence from the British Empire in 1948, where the population would rise from 358 million to over one billion by the turn of the century, making India the second country to pass the billion person milestone. While the rate of growth has slowed somewhat as India begins a demographics shift, the country’s population has continued to grow dramatically throughout the 21st century, and in 2020, India is estimated to have a population of just under 1.4 billion, well over a billion more people than one century previously. Today, approximately 18% of the Earth’s population lives in India, and it is estimated that India will overtake China to become the most populous country in the world within the next five years.

The percentage distribution for population projections for the age groups 0 to 4 reflected a decrease in the year 2036 in comparison to 2011. This could be attributed to the projected declining fertility rates in the country. By contrast, the age groups from 40-44 to 80+ reflected an increase in the population projections in 2036 when compared with 2011. This projected increase in geriatric population within the country could be attributed to advancements made in the field of medical sciences, biotechnology and improved health care.

The total population in India was estimated at 1386.2 million people in 2023, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. This dataset provides - India Population - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The share of projected population increase in Uttar Pradesh, India from 2011 until 2036 is expected to grow by nearly 20 percent. By contrast, the estimated population increase in Uttarakhand is expected to be less than one percent during the same time period.

Why project population?
Population projections for a country are becoming increasingly important now than ever before. They are used primarily by government policy makers and planners to better understand and gauge future demand for basic services that predominantly include water, food and energy. In addition, they also support in indicating major movements that may affect economic development and in turn, employment and labour productivity. Consequently, this leads to amending policies in order to better adapt to the needs of society and to various circumstances.

Demographic projections and health interventions Demographic figures serve the foremost purpose of improving health and health related services among the population. Some of the government interventions include antenatal and neonatal care with the aim of reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity rates. In addition, it also focuses on improving immunization coverage across the country. Further, demographic estimates help in better preempting the needs of growing populations, such as the geriatric population within a country.

India Projection: Population: 10 Years data was reported at 1,522,552,390.000 Person in 2031. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,372,535,298.000 Person for 2021. India Projection: Population: 10 Years data is updated yearly, averaging 1,447,543,844.000 Person from Mar 2021 (Median) to 2031, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,522,552,390.000 Person in 2031 and a record low of 1,372,535,298.000 Person in 2021. India Projection: Population: 10 Years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAI002: Population Projection: 10 Years: by Age Group.

India Vital Statistics: Natural Growth Rate: per 1000 Population data was reported at 13.500 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 13.800 NA for 2019. India Vital Statistics: Natural Growth Rate: per 1000 Population data is updated yearly, averaging 18.500 NA from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2020, with 51 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22.000 NA in 1971 and a record low of 13.500 NA in 2020. India Vital Statistics: Natural Growth Rate: per 1000 Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAH001: Vital Statistics.

India population health management market size is projected to exhibit a growth rate (CAGR) of 18.80% during 2024-2032. The rising focus of government bodies on preventative care, personalized interventions, and improved overall health outcomes of individuals is primarily driving the market growth.

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each segment of the market, along with forecasts at the country level for 2024-2032. Our report has categorized the market based on component, mode of delivery, and end user.

Employment Rate in India remained unchanged at 47.20 percent in the fourth quarter of 2024 from 47.20 percent in the third quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - India Worker Population Ratio- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

India Population: Census: Age: 0 to 4 Year data was reported at 112,806.778 Person th in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 110,447.000 Person th for 03-01-2001. India Population: Census: Age: 0 to 4 Year data is updated decadal, averaging 110,447.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112,806.778 Person th in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 102,378.000 Person th in 03-01-1991. India Population: Census: Age: 0 to 4 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

The median age in India was 27 years old in 2020, meaning half the population was older than that, half younger. This figure was lowest in 1970, at 18.1 years, and was projected to increase to 47.8 years old by 2100. Aging in India India has the second largest population in the world, after China. Because of the significant population growth of the past years, the age distribution remains skewed in favor of the younger age bracket. This tells a story of rapid population growth, but also of a lower life expectancy. Economic effects of a young population Many young people means that the Indian economy must support a large number of students, who demand education from the economy but cannot yet work. Educating the future workforce will be important, because the economy is growing as well and is one of the largest in the world. Failing to do this could lead to high youth unemployment and political consequences. However, a productive and young workforce could provide huge economic returns for India.

Vital Statistics: Natural Growth Rate: per 1000 Population: Tripura data was reported at 6.900 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.400 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Natural Growth Rate: per 1000 Population: Tripura data is updated yearly, averaging 9.500 NA from Dec 1997 (Median) to 2020, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.600 NA in 1998 and a record low of 6.900 NA in 2020. Vital Statistics: Natural Growth Rate: per 1000 Population: Tripura data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH004: Vital Statistics: Natural Growth Rate: by States.

India Census: Population: Age: 100+ data was reported at 605,778.000 Person in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 139,472.000 Person for 2001. India Census: Population: Age: 100+ data is updated yearly, averaging 151,646.000 Person from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 605,778.000 Person in 2011 and a record low of 139,472.000 Person in 2001. India Census: Population: Age: 100+ data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD002: Census: Population: by Single Age.

India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data was reported at 22.100 NA in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 22.400 NA for 2015. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data is updated yearly, averaging 30.500 NA from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2016, with 47 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.900 NA in 1971 and a record low of 22.100 NA in 2016. India Vital Statistics: Birth Rate: per 1000 Population: Rural data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.GAH001: Vital Statistics.

Rural population (% of total population) in India was reported at 63.64 % in 2023, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Rural population - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on March of 2025.

India Population: Census: Age: 15 to 19 Year data was reported at 120,526.449 Person th in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 100,216.000 Person th for 03-01-2001. India Population: Census: Age: 15 to 19 Year data is updated decadal, averaging 100,216.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 120,526.449 Person th in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 79,035.000 Person th in 03-01-1991. India Population: Census: Age: 15 to 19 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

India Population: Census: Age: 30 to 34 Year data was reported at 88,594.951 Person th in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 74,274.000 Person th for 03-01-2001. India Population: Census: Age: 30 to 34 Year data is updated decadal, averaging 74,274.000 Person th from Mar 1991 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 88,594.951 Person th in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 58,404.000 Person th in 03-01-1991. India Population: Census: Age: 30 to 34 Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAD001: Census: Population: by Age Group.

As of the year 2024, the population of the capital city of India, Delhi was over 33 million people. This was a 2.63 percent growth from last year. The historical trends show a trend of slowing growth rate over the decades, especially post-2000. However, the population growth rate in the last three years has been the lowest during the recorded period. As per UN estimates, population growth is expected to slow down to 2.26 percent in 2030.