Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) in India was reported at 4.1207 % in 2022, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources. India - Public spending on education, total (% of GDP) - actual values, historical data, forecasts and projections were sourced from the World Bank on July of 2025.

India education spending for 2022 was 14.16%, a 0.49% decline from 2021.

<ul style='margin-top:20px;'>

<li>India education spending for 2021 was <strong>14.65%</strong>, a <strong>0.34% decline</strong> from 2020.</li>
<li>India education spending for 2020 was <strong>14.99%</strong>, a <strong>0.01% decline</strong> from 2019.</li>
<li>India education spending for 2019 was <strong>15.00%</strong>, a <strong>1.93% increase</strong> from 2018.</li>
</ul>General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of total general government expenditure on all sectors (including health, education, social services, etc.). It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments.

The government of India spent *** percent of its GDP on education in 2021, an increase from the previous year. Government spending on education has fluctuated in the last decade.

In the financial year 2026, the total budget allocation for the education sector in India was estimated to be over 1.28 trillion Indian rupees. The Union Budget for India was presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman in February 2025.

The union budget for education, in 2020, in India amounted to *** billion Indian rupees. This was an increase from the previous year where the government spending on education equaled *** billion rupees. The education budget has seen a steady increase since 2014.

The share of education in the Indian Budget for the financial year 2026 was 2.5 percent, a reduction from the budget for the financial year 2024. With the rise in population, although the absolute budget amount increased, there has been a decline in its share of the total budget.

4.5 (%) in 2020. Public expenditure on education as % of GDP is the total public expenditure (current and capital) on education expressed as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in a given year. Public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and transfers/subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).

Over 2700 billion Indian rupees was spent by the Indian government for education in financial year 2011. The expenditure on education by the Indian government has increased consistently over the years. The public expenditure on education and other departments was about *** percent of GDP in 2011.

India Government Expenditure: FY: Year to Date: Ministry of Education: Department of School Education and Literacy: Capital data was reported at 1.900 INR mn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.600 INR mn for Jan 2025. India Government Expenditure: FY: Year to Date: Ministry of Education: Department of School Education and Literacy: Capital data is updated monthly, averaging 1.000 INR mn from Jun 2023 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.500 INR mn in Mar 2024 and a record low of 0.000 INR mn in Jun 2024. India Government Expenditure: FY: Year to Date: Ministry of Education: Department of School Education and Literacy: Capital data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Controller General of Accounts. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FA005: Central Government: Controller General of Accounts (CGA): Expenditure: by Ministry-wise: Financial Year: Year to Date.

State-wise expenditure on Education in India - current and historical values, and expert analysis.

India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Human Resource Development: Department of Higher Education: Capital data was reported at 25.600 INR mn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 25.400 INR mn for Jan 2025. India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Human Resource Development: Department of Higher Education: Capital data is updated monthly, averaging 59.600 INR mn from Apr 2017 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 95 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22,625.000 INR mn in Mar 2019 and a record low of 0.000 INR mn in Apr 2023. India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Human Resource Development: Department of Higher Education: Capital data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Controller General of Accounts. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FA005: Central Government: Controller General of Accounts (CGA): Expenditure: by Ministry-wise: Financial Year: Year to Date.

India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Agriculture: Department of Agricultural Research and Education data was reported at 38,940.800 INR mn in Aug 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 38,931.200 INR mn for Jul 2018. India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Agriculture: Department of Agricultural Research and Education data is updated monthly, averaging 33,858.400 INR mn from Apr 2017 (Median) to Aug 2018, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 69,429.100 INR mn in Mar 2018 and a record low of 5,466.400 INR mn in Apr 2017. India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Agriculture: Department of Agricultural Research and Education data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Controller General of Accounts. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FA005: Central Government Expenditure: Controller General of Accounts (CGA): by Ministry-wise.

India Government Expenditure: FY: Year to Date: Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer's Welfare: Department of Agricultural Research and Education: Capital data was reported at 22.400 INR mn in Feb 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 20.500 INR mn for Jan 2025. India Government Expenditure: FY: Year to Date: Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer's Welfare: Department of Agricultural Research and Education: Capital data is updated monthly, averaging 3.100 INR mn from Jun 2023 (Median) to Feb 2025, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33.900 INR mn in Mar 2024 and a record low of 0.000 INR mn in May 2024. India Government Expenditure: FY: Year to Date: Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer's Welfare: Department of Agricultural Research and Education: Capital data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Controller General of Accounts. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FA005: Central Government: Controller General of Accounts (CGA): Expenditure: by Ministry-wise: Financial Year: Year to Date.

India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Human Resource Development: Department of School Education and Literacy data was reported at 275,270.000 INR mn in Sep 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 149,222.700 INR mn for Aug 2018. India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Human Resource Development: Department of School Education and Literacy data is updated monthly, averaging 225,219.850 INR mn from Apr 2017 (Median) to Sep 2018, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 466,004.400 INR mn in Mar 2018 and a record low of 5,664.600 INR mn in Apr 2018. India Government Expenditure: Year to Date: Ministry of Human Resource Development: Department of School Education and Literacy data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Controller General of Accounts. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FA005: Central Government Expenditure: Controller General of Accounts (CGA): by Ministry-wise.

In financial year 2023, the Indian government spent around ***** percent of the government spending on essential services such as health and education. This share has remained constant in the last few fiscal years.

India All States: Capital Expenditures: Outlay: Developmental: Social Services: Education, Sports, Art and Culture data was reported at 208,522.300 INR mn in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 179,513.400 INR mn for 2018. India All States: Capital Expenditures: Outlay: Developmental: Social Services: Education, Sports, Art and Culture data is updated yearly, averaging 9,838.100 INR mn from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2019, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 208,522.300 INR mn in 2019 and a record low of 2,779.900 INR mn in 1992. India All States: Capital Expenditures: Outlay: Developmental: Social Services: Education, Sports, Art and Culture data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Reserve Bank of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FI001: Capital Expenditure: All States.

India All States: Capital Expenditures: Outlay: Developmental: Economic Services: Agriculture: Research and Education data was reported at 2,967.200 INR mn in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3,556.300 INR mn for 2018. India All States: Capital Expenditures: Outlay: Developmental: Economic Services: Agriculture: Research and Education data is updated yearly, averaging 232.000 INR mn from Mar 1991 (Median) to 2019, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,556.300 INR mn in 2018 and a record low of 45.500 INR mn in 2000. India All States: Capital Expenditures: Outlay: Developmental: Economic Services: Agriculture: Research and Education data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Reserve Bank of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FI001: Capital Expenditure: All States.

In financial year 2023, the Delhi government in India allocated 25 percent of its total expenditure to the education sector. Looking forward to the fiscal year 2025, the government has projected a budget estimate of 24.2 percent of the total expenditure dedicated to education.

In financial year 2020, the Delhi government in India allocated an expenditure of *** billion Indian rupees for education. This marked a significant increase from the ** billion rupees expenditure recorded in fiscal year 2009. For the fiscal year 2023, the government has projected a budget estimate of *** billion rupees for education, reflecting its continued commitment to investing in the sector.

Outstanding Liabilities of the Central Government as a percentage of GDP is a critical indicator of a country’s fiscal health. It represents the total debt obligations of the central government, expressed as a proportion of the nation’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This measure provides insights into the government's borrowing burden relative to the economy's size. A high percentage indicates significant debt accumulation, which may lead to concerns about fiscal sustainability, interest payment burdens, and potential risks to economic stability. Conversely, a lower percentage suggests a manageable debt load, allowing more flexibility for government spending and investment. Factors influencing this ratio include fiscal deficits, borrowing strategies, economic growth, and interest rate fluctuations. Governments often manage their liabilities through prudent fiscal policies, economic reforms, and debt restructuring. Sustainable debt levels enable governments to finance infrastructure, welfare programs, and development projects without excessive dependence on external borrowing. However, if liabilities grow faster than GDP, it may lead to credit rating downgrades, higher borrowing costs, and macroeconomic instability. Regular monitoring of outstanding liabilities as a percentage of GDP helps policymakers assess fiscal risks and implement corrective measures to ensure long-term economic stability and growth.

Outstanding liabilities as a percentage of GDP serve as a cornerstone indicator for assessing a nation's fiscal sustainability and overall macroeconomic health. This ratio reveals how much the central government owes relative to the size of the economy, providing a clear picture of the country’s debt-carrying capacity. A high debt-to-GDP ratio raises red flags about the government's ability to service its debt without resorting to inflationary financing or spending cuts, potentially undermining investor confidence and leading to higher interest rates or credit downgrades. On the other hand, a moderate or declining ratio signals sound fiscal management, leaving more room for productive public spending on infrastructure, health, education, and social welfare. This indicator also reflects the cumulative impact of past fiscal deficits and borrowing decisions, making it a vital metric for long-term fiscal planning. It is closely watched by international financial institutions, credit rating agencies, and markets, as it influences a country’s sovereign risk profile. For a fast-growing economy like India, maintaining debt at sustainable levels is essential to attract foreign investment, support development goals, and safeguard macroeconomic stability. Thus, regular analysis of outstanding liabilities relative to GDP helps policymakers balance developmental spending with fiscal discipline—an essential step toward building a resilient and self-reliant economy.