With almost all major religions being practiced throughout the country, India is known for its religious diversity. Hinduism made up for the highest share of faith followed by people in the country. According to the Indian census of 2011, Muslims had the highest population growth in the country.

India Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Male data was reported at 498,306,968.000 Person in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 428,678,554.000 Person for 2001. India Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 463,492,761.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 498,306,968.000 Person in 2011 and a record low of 428,678,554.000 Person in 2001. India Census: Population: by Religion: Hindu: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE001: Census: Population: by Religion.

This statistic shows the religious affiliation of the population in India as of 2011. In 2011, 79.8 percent of the total Indian population were Hindu.

Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Karnataka: Female data was reported at 585,211.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 511,959.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Karnataka: Female data is updated decadal, averaging 548,585.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 585,211.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 511,959.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Karnataka: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE004: Census: Population: by Religion: Christian.

It was estimated that by 2050, India's Muslim population would grow by 76 percent compared to 2010. For followers of the Hindu faith, this change stood at 33 percent. According to this projection, the south Asian country would be home not just to the world's majority of Hindus, but also Muslims by this time period. Regardless, the latter would continue to remain a minority within the country at 18 percent, with 77 percent or 1.3 billion Hindus at the forefront by 2050.

Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Mizoram data was reported at 956,331.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 772,809.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Mizoram data is updated decadal, averaging 864,570.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 956,331.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 772,809.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Mizoram data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE004: Census: Population: by Religion: Christian.

A survey conducted across India in 2024 found that 77 percent of Hindu population and 81 percent of minorities agree that India belongs to all religions equally. The survey reflects citizens' faith in the secular and pluralistic fabric of the country.

India Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Rural data was reported at 103,504,739.000 Person in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 88,794,744.000 Person for 2001. India Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Rural data is updated yearly, averaging 96,149,741.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 103,504,739.000 Person in 2011 and a record low of 88,794,744.000 Person in 2001. India Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Rural data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Census of India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE001: Census: Population: by Religion.

According to India's last census in 2011, about 14.2 percent of the total population identified as Muslims. This was an increase from about ten percent in 1951. Overall, India has been a religiously pluralistic and multiethnic democracy with people of several faiths.

Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Puducherry: Male data was reported at 37,157.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 32,214.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Puducherry: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 34,685.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 37,157.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 32,214.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Puducherry: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE004: Census: Population: by Religion: Christian.

With almost all major religions being practiced throughout the country, India is known for its religious diversity. Islam makes up the highest share among minority faiths in the country. According to the Indian census of 2011, the Muslim population in Uttar Pradesh more than 35 million, making it the state with the most Muslims.

Socio-economic conditions of Muslims
Muslims seem to lag behind every other religious community in India in terms of living standards, financial stability, education and other aspects, thereby showing poor performance in most of the fields. According to a national survey, 17 percent of the Muslims were categorized under the lowest wealth index, which indicates poor socio-economic conditions.

Growth of Muslim population in India
Islam is one of the fastest-growing religions worldwide. According to India’s census, the Muslim population has witnessed a negative decadal growth of more than 16 percent from 1951 to 1960, presumably due to the partitions forming Pakistan and Bangladesh. The population showed a positive and steady growth since 1961, making up 14 percent of the total population of India . Even though people following Islam were estimated to grow significantly, they would still remain a minority in India compared to 1.3 billion Hindus by 2050.

Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Jammu and Kashmir data was reported at 1,508.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 97.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Jammu and Kashmir data is updated decadal, averaging 802.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,508.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 97.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Jammu and Kashmir data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE008: Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions.

Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Chandigarh: Male data was reported at 4,463.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 3,947.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Chandigarh: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 4,205.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,463.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 3,947.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Christian: Chandigarh: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE004: Census: Population: by Religion: Christian.

According to the latest census data, Lakshadweep, the island union territory had the highest share of Muslim population in the country, where 97 percent of its population identified as followers of the Islamic faith. Jammu & Kashmir ranked second at 68 percent during the same time period. With almost all major religions being practiced throughout the country, India is known for its religious diversity. Islam makes up the highest share among minority faiths in the country.

Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Goa: Female data was reported at 115.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records a decrease from the previous number of 164.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Goa: Female data is updated decadal, averaging 139.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 164.000 Person in 03-01-2001 and a record low of 115.000 Person in 03-01-2011. Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Goa: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE008: Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions.

Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Chhattisgarh: Female data was reported at 250,432.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 47,932.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Chhattisgarh: Female data is updated decadal, averaging 149,182.000 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 250,432.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 47,932.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Chhattisgarh: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE008: Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions.

According to a survey conducted in 2020, 54 percent of Indian Americans in the United States said that they identified as Hindu while 13 percent said that they identified as Muslim. A further nine percent said that they identified with no religion in particular.

In 2011, about 79.8 percent of the population across India identified as Hindus. This was a decrease from about 84 percent in 1951. Despite of this decrease, India still has a majority of Hindu population compared to other religions in the country.

Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Chhattisgarh: Male data was reported at 263,834.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 210,829.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Chhattisgarh: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 237,331.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 263,834.000 Person in 03-01-2011 and a record low of 210,829.000 Person in 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim: Chhattisgarh: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE003: Census: Population: by Religion: Muslim.

Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Bihar: Male data was reported at 6,833.000 Person in 03-01-2011. This records a decrease from the previous number of 27,336.000 Person for 03-01-2001. Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Bihar: Male data is updated decadal, averaging 17,084.500 Person from Mar 2001 (Median) to 03-01-2011, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27,336.000 Person in 03-01-2001 and a record low of 6,833.000 Person in 03-01-2011. Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions: Bihar: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAE008: Census: Population: by Religion: Other Religion and Persuasions.