The statistic depicts the literacy rate in Indonesia from 2008 to 2020. The literacy rate measures the percentage of people aged 15 and above who can read and write. In 2020, Indonesia's literacy rate was around 96 percent.

In 2024, Indonesia's financial literacy rate was around ***** percent. Although the rate has been increasing since 2013, the national financial literacy was still considerably low and indicates that there was still a substantial portion of the population who does not understand financial service providers, their products, features, advantages, and risks, which hinders the development of Open Finances. This measure consists of a survey to assess the level of knowledge, skills, confidence, attitudes, and behavior related to financial services and products.

Abstract

Policymakers and much of the migration literature have long worried that the majority of remittances are used for consumption purposes, not savings or investment, reducing their long-term development potential. One of the main policy responses to try and increase savings from remittances and improve financial management among remittance receivers has been the introduction of financial literacy programs for migrants and/or their families.

Researchers from the World Bank conducted a randomized experiment in Indonesia in the context of a pilot program on financial literacy for female overseas migrant workers and their families. The program was developed as a partnership between the Government of Indonesia and the World Bank, and implemented in Greater Malang area and Blitar District of East Java Province. The training program emphasized financial planning and management, savings, debt management, sending and receiving remittances, and understanding migrant insurance. One key policy question is whether such information is best delivered to the migrant worker herself, to someone in their remaining household, or to both. The experiment directly tested these options using three treatment groups: a group in which only the migrant worker receives training, a group in which the main remittance receiver or decision-maker in the remaining household receives training, and a group in which both receive training.

The baseline survey was conducted on a rolling basis from February to June 2010 to coincide with the training cycle. After the training, three rounds of follow-up surveys were administered to family members left behind. The follow-up surveys were conducted from March 2011 to January 2012, at time intervals corresponding to the migrant being 9, 15, and 19 months abroad on average. The follow-up data was then used to measure impacts on the financial knowledge, behaviors, and remittance and savings outcomes of the remaining household.

Researchers collaborated with Malang's Manpower and Transmigration Office and 11 migrant workers' recruiting agencies (PPTKIS) based in Greater Malang to obtain a sample of 400 migrant workers and their families.

Geographic coverage

Greater Malang

Analysis unit

• Migrant workers
• Family members of migrant workers

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The recruitment of respondents was conducted on a rolling basis, with the project team periodically contacting the 11 PPTKIS (Privately-owned Indonesian Manpower Placement Company) to obtain lists of workers originating in the Greater Malang and Blitar districts who were recruited by these companies to work abroad. The PPTKIS selected workers who were either staying in their dormitory facilities while undergoing training, or otherwise lived close by. These PPTKIs recruit both males and females, but the males typically do not come and stay in dormitory accommodation, so males were only selected if they lived nearby. They did not screen workers for interest in participating in training, so the workers should be considered as broadly representative of Indonesian female migrants. Researchers set a target sample size of 400 households, and continued to collect workers in batches from these recruiting agencies until this target had been met.

As batches of worker names were received from the PPTKIS, they were entered by project staff onto an Excel worksheet in the order listed by the PPTKIS, and a random number generator used to assign individuals to a treatment status. Since batches of workers were often not of size divisible by four, and were of varying numbers, and that the only information available on the workers was basic data supplied by the PPTKIS, the research team did not stratify the randomization. The sample of 400 migrant workers was randomly assigned into one of the following groups:

• Treatment A: Financial literacy training is provided to the migrant worker only
• Treatment B: Financial literacy training is provided to the migrant worker's household member only
• Treatment C: Financial literacy training is provided separately to both the migrant workers and to their household members
• Group D: Control group with no financial literacy training provided

Out of the sample of 400 migrant workers, this random assignment resulted in 101 migrant households being assigned to treatment A, 97 - to treatment B, 98 - to treatment C, and 104 - to a control group.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Data is becoming increasingly ubiquitous today, and data literacy has emerged an essential skill in the workplace. Therefore, it is necessary to equip high school students with data literacy skills in order to prepare them for further learning and future employment. In Indonesia, there is a growing shift towards integrating data literacy in the high school curriculum. As part of a pilot intervention project, academics from two leading Universities organised data literacy boot camps for high school students across various cities in Indonesia. The boot camps aimed at increasing participants’ awareness of the power of analytical and exploration skills, which in turn, would contribute to creating independent and data-literate students. This paper explores student participants’ self-perception of their data literacy as a result of the skills acquired from the boot camps. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through student surveys and a focus group discussion, and were used to analyse student perception post-intervention. The findings indicate that students became more aware of the usefulness of data literacy and its application in future studies and work after participating in the boot camp. Of the materials delivered at the boot camps, students found the greatest benefit in learning basic statistical concepts and applying them through the use of Microsoft Excel as a tool for basic data analysis. These findings provide valuable policy recommendations that educators and policymakers can use as guidelines for effective data literacy teaching in high schools.

Data is becoming increasingly ubiquitous today, and data literacy has emerged an essential skill in the workplace. Therefore, it is necessary to equip high school students with data literacy skills in order to prepare them for further learning and future employment. In Indonesia, there is a growing shift towards integrating data literacy in the high school curriculum. As part of a pilot intervention project, academics from two leading Universities organised data literacy boot camps for high school students across various cities in Indonesia. The boot camps aimed at increasing participants’ awareness of the power of analytical and exploration skills, which in turn, would contribute to creating independent and data-literate students. This paper explores student participants’ self-perception of their data literacy as a result of the skills acquired from the boot camps. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through student surveys and a focus group discussion, and were used to analyse student perception post-intervention. The findings indicate that students became more aware of the usefulness of data literacy and its application in future studies and work after participating in the boot camp. Of the materials delivered at the boot camps, students found the greatest benefit in learning basic statistical concepts and applying them through the use of Microsoft Excel as a tool for basic data analysis. These findings provide valuable policy recommendations that educators and policymakers can use as guidelines for effective data literacy teaching in high schools.

BackgroundGlobally, 390 million dengue virus infections occur per year. In Malaysia, migrant workers are particularly vulnerable to dengue fever (DF) due to mosquito breeding sites exposure and poor health literacy. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) assess the current DF knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP), and (ii) identify strategies to promote DF awareness, among migrant workers in Klang Valley.MethodA survey was conducted with 403 Nepali, Filipino and Indonesian migrant workers through phone interviews and online self-administered questionnaires. Piecewise structural equation modelling was applied to identify predictor variables for DF KAP.ResultsMost respondents were male, working in the services industry, had completed high school, aged between 30–39 years and with less than ten years work experience in Malaysia. Overall, respondents’ knowledge was positively correlated with attitude but negatively with practices. Older respondents, who had completed higher education, obtained higher knowledge scores. Similarly, those with working experience of >20 years in Malaysia obtained higher attitude scores. Respondents with a previous history of DF strongly considered the removal of mosquito breeding sites as their own responsibility, hence tended to frequently practise DF preventive measures. Respondents’ knowledge was also positively correlated to their understanding of DF information sourced from social media platforms.ConclusionThese findings highlighted: (i) the need for targeted DF educational intervention among younger and newly arrived workers with lower levels of education and (ii) maximising the usage of social media platforms to improve DF public awareness.

Types of education access for undocumented and non-citizen children in Malaysia.

Dengue fever prevention knowledge, attitude and practice survey raw data (403 respondents).