This statistic shows the ten biggest cities in Indonesia in 2010. In 2010, Indonesia's total population amounted to approximately *** million people. About **** million of them lived in Jakarta, making it the biggest city in Indonesia.

Indonesia's urban population

The largest city and capital of Indonesia is Jakarta. The city is home to close to ** million inhabitants. While this is an extremely high number, this represents less than * percent of Indonesia’s total population which is around *** million. Indonesia is the *** most-populated country in the world, behind China, India and the United States.

The city of Jakarta is located to the west of the island of Java on the Java Sea. The majority of Indonesia’s population lives on the island of Java and most of its metropolises, including Bekasi, Tangerang, Depok, Bandung, Semarang, and Surabaya, are all located there. Bekasi, Tangernang and Depok are located less than ** km away from the city of Jakarta creating an expansive urban and suburban metropolis region. This rapid urbanization is largely uncontrolled and may jeopardize the regions sustainability in years to come. The good news is that the population growth rate of Indonesia is slowing down ever so slightly, because of a likewise decreasing fertility rate.

Indonesia’s economy is also fairly diversified, which some may consider a strength for an island economy from a self-sufficiency standpoint. Agriculture also still plays an important role, composing close to a ** percent share of the country’s economy, and while the country is still developing, it still produces a large portion of food which helps feed its ever increasing urban population.

Actual value and historical data chart for Indonesia Population In Largest City

In 2021, the population density in Indonesia was at about 144.65 people per square kilometer. Despite being the fourth largest country in the world in terms of population, Indonesia’s population density is mitigated by its abundance of land – Indonesia is an archipelago of more than 17 thousand islands sprawled across more than five thousand kilometers from east to west. Java as the heart of Indonesia Despite the many thousands of islands, Indonesia’s population, politics, and economy are mostly centered on the island of Java. This is where its capital, Jakarta, is located. With a population of around 36.3 million in 2015, Jakarta is not only Indonesia’s biggest city, it is also one of the world’s most-populated urban areas. The number of inhabitants in Jakarta increased three-fold since 1975, reflecting a trend of rural-urban migration in Indonesia. Urban-rural dichotomy Indonesia’s rural population had been steadily decreasing in the last ten years; inversely, its urban population saw a steady increase. As of 2021, more than 57 percent of the Indonesian population were living in urban areas. In Indonesia, the economic opportunities are mostly concentrated in the larger and more densely populated islands such as Java and Bali, and smaller, rural, and more far-flung islands such as the Maluku Islands tend to suffer from a lack of easy connectivity to these economic centers. It comes as no surprise that these rural areas had the highest share of the rural population living below the poverty line. With their lack of economic prospects, rural populations in Indonesia also had a significantly higher share of those living below the poverty line than urban populations.

As of 2023, Jakarta’s population amounted to around ***** million inhabitants, indicating an increase of over *** thousand people over the past decade. Jakarta is Indonesia’s capital and largest city, and with its soaring population density, Jakarta ranks among the most populous cities worldwide. Employment in Jakarta In contrast to the prevalent informal employment in Indonesia, over ** percent of Jakarta’s workforce is engaged in formal employment. Notably, Jakartan formal workers have the highest average net wage in the country compared to other provinces. Most of these workers are employed in the wholesale and retail trade sector, which serves as the primary contributor to Jakarta’s GRDP. While there is a positive alignment between the city’s economic growth and increasing welfare levels, Jakarta still needs continuous efforts to further reduce unemployment rates and address income inequality gaps. Traffic and pollution As one of the most polluted major cities globally, the bustling city of Jakarta grapples with persistently low air quality. Simultaneously, the metropolis is also marked to have one of the highest traffic congestion levels in Asia. However, despite the ongoing issues and the efforts to combat these issues, Jakarta still faces an escalating number of vehicles. Factors like the surge in personal vehicle usage to avoid using public transportation during the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with implanted habits, contribute significantly to Jakarta’s traffic problems.

Content

The current population of Indonesia is 278,799,748 as of Sunday, May 1, 2022, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data.. This three datasets contain population data of Indonesia (2020 and historical), population forecast and population in major cities.

Attribute Information

• Year - Years from 2020-1955
• Population - Population in the respective year
• Yearly % Change - Percentage Yearly Change in Population
• Yearly Change - Yearly Change in Population
• Migrants (net) - Total number of migrants
• Median Age - Median age of the population
• Fertility Rate - Fertility rate
• Density (P/Km²)- Population density (population per square km)
• Urban Pop %- Percentage of urban population
• Urban Population- Urban population
• Country's Share of World Pop - Population share
• World Population - World Population in the respective year
• India Global Rank - Global Rank in Population

Source

Link : https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/indonesia-population/

Updated Covid 19 and Other Datasets

Link : https://www.kaggle.com/anandhuh/datasets

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Historical dataset of population level and growth rate for the Jakarta, Indonesia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

This statistic shows the population living in cities in Indonesia from 2005 to 2016, arranged by city size. In 2015, there were approximately 100.15 million inhabitants living in cities with less than 300 thousand people in Indonesia.

As of 2022, the population density in Jakarta, Indonesia reached over ** thousand individuals per square kilometer, showing an increase from the year prior. Jakarta, Indonesia's capital city that has a status equal to a province, has the highest population density among other provinces in the country.

Historical dataset of population level and growth rate for the Bekasi, Indonesia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Historical dataset of population level and growth rate for the Cirebon, Indonesia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Indonesia Smart Cities Market is valued at USD 1.5 billion, driven by urbanization, government initiatives like '100 Smart Cities', and tech adoption in transportation and utilities.

Indonesia Smart Cities Market was valued at USD 1.48 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to project robust growth in the forecast period with a CAGR of 15.84% through 2029.

Historical dataset of population level and growth rate for the Medan, Indonesia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Historical dataset of population level and growth rate for the Batam, Indonesia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Integrative Analysis of Air Quality, Population Mobility, and Weather Conditions in Indonesia

Dataset Overview

This comprehensive dataset integrates three heterogeneous data sources to analyze the relationship between air quality, population mobility patterns, and weather conditions across major Indonesian cities from September 2024 to October 2025. The dataset provides valuable insights for environmental monitoring, urban planning, and public health research in Indonesia.

Dataset Composition

1. Mobility Pattern Dataset

• Source: Meta's Data for Good Movement Distribution Initiative
• Records: 124,212 observations
• Coverage: Indonesian administrative regions (Level 2 - Kabupaten/Kota)
• Time Period: September 2024 - September 2025
• Key Features:
  • Geographic identifiers (GADM codes and district names)
  • Distance categories: Stay at home (0 km), Short-range (0-10 km), Medium-range (10-100 km), Long-range (100+ km)
  • Percentage distribution of population movement (ping fractions)
  • Temporal indicators (date, year, month)

Key Findings: Over 95% of movements occur within 0-10 km from home, indicating predominantly local mobility patterns. Long-distance travel remains minimal (<0.4%).

2. Air Quality Dataset (IQAir)

• Source: IQAir 2024 World Air Quality Report
• Coverage: 10 major Indonesian cities (Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Palembang, Medan, Semarang, Mojokerto, Pekanbaru, Yogyakarta, Jambi)
• Time Period: Monthly data for 2024
• Key Features:
  • PM2.5 concentrations (μg/m³)
  • Air Quality Index (AQI) values
  • Annual and monthly averages per city
  • Comparisons with WHO guidelines

Key Findings: PM2.5 levels consistently exceed WHO guidelines throughout 2024, with critical peaks during May (65-132 μg/m³) and significant improvement in December. Seasonal patterns show higher pollution during dry months (April-October) due to biomass burning and decreased precipitation.

3. Weather Dataset (Open-Meteo)

• Source: Open-Meteo Historical Weather API
• Records: 744 daily observations
• Coverage: Multiple Indonesian cities
• Time Period: September 1, 2024 - October 1, 2025
• Key Features:
  • Temperature metrics (actual and apparent, min/max/mean)
  • Solar radiation (sunrise, sunset, daylight duration, sunshine duration)
  • Wind parameters (speed, gusts, direction)
  • Precipitation variables (rainfall, precipitation hours)

Key Findings: Consistent tropical monsoon characteristics with stable temperatures (23-30°C), erratic rainfall patterns, and high humidity levels. Temperature shows strong correlation with both AQI (0.39) and wind speed (0.57).

Data Processing & Quality

Preprocessing Techniques Applied:

• Advanced Imputation: K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Random Forest methods for missing data
• Data Cleaning: Removal of duplicates, outliers, and inconsistent records
• Temporal Alignment: Standardization across different time resolutions (daily to monthly aggregation)
• Feature Engineering: Creation of derived variables including temporal indicators, weather indices, and mobility ratios
• Spatial Standardization: City-level normalization and geographic identifier harmonization

Data Quality Indicators:

• Comprehensive coverage across 9 consistently overlapping cities
• Temporal consistency validated across observation periods
• Multiple imputation methods tested for reliability
• Cross-validation performed on integrated dataset

Use Cases

This dataset is ideal for:

1. Environmental Policy Research: Understanding pollution patterns and seasonal variations
2. Urban Planning: Analyzing mobility trends and transportation needs
3. Public Health Studies: Investigating environmental health impacts and exposure patterns
4. Climate Analysis: Examining tropical monsoon characteristics and weather-pollution interactions
5. Machine Learning Applications: Time-series forecasting, correlation analysis, and predictive modeling
6. Behavioral Studies: Understanding how environmental conditions influence human mobility
7. Sustainability Research: Evaluating sustainable mobility and environmental monitoring strategies

Key Research Findings

• Weak Correlation: Air quality shows minimal direct correlation with mobility patterns (-0.35 to 0.33), suggesting low public awareness or economic necessity overrides health concerns
• Mobility Trade-offs: Strong negative correlation (-0.94) between short-distance and medium-distance travel indicates distinct mobility profiles
• Seasonal Patterns: Clear dry-wet season impact on both air quality and mobility
• Temperature Effects: Significant positive correlation between temperature and both AQI and wind speed

File Structure

The integrated dataset contains the following columns: ...

As of 2023, there were a total of around **** million male population aged between 15 and 64 years in Jakarta, Indonesia, showing a slightly higher number compared to female. Jakarta is Indonesia's capital and largest city, and it is the most populated city in the country.

Historical dataset of population level and growth rate for the Jambi, Indonesia metro area from 1950 to 2025.

Average Family Size: DKI Jakarta data was reported at 3.800 Person in 2018. Average Family Size: DKI Jakarta data is updated yearly, averaging 3.800 Person from Dec 2018 (Median) to 2018, with 1 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.800 Person in 2018 and a record low of 3.800 Person in 2018. Average Family Size: DKI Jakarta data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Statistics Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Domestic Trade and Household Survey – Table ID.HB002: Cost of Living Survey (SBH-2018): Average Family Size: by Cities.

SUSENAS is a nationally representative, ongoing household survey conducted by Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik, BPS) that aims to monitor the social and economic conditions of the Indonesian population. As of 2025, SUSENAS includes data from approximately 345,000 households across all 38 provinces and 514 districts/cities in Indonesia. Participants were recruited through systematic sampling from census blocks, stratified by factors such as the education level of the household head, with the first wave of data collection beginning in 1963. Participants are followed up twice a year, with data collection continuing indefinitely as part of Indonesia’s national statistical system.

This statistic shows the degree of urbanization in Indonesia from 2013 to 2023. Urbanization means the share of urban population in the total population of a country. In 2023, 58.57 percent of Indonesia's total population lived in urban areas and cities. Indonesia's urban and rural population In 2010, 51 percent of the world’s population lived in cities while 49 percent of the world’s population lived in rural areas. Indonesia is a prime example for this almost equal distribution: In 2010, for example, Indonesia’s population was half urban and half rural. While urbanization has been slower in Indonesia than in many other countries around the world, the urbanization process is now progressing rather quickly. The largest city in Indonesia is Jakarta, which is located on the island of Java. It is also the capital and home to close to 10 million of Indonesia’s 273 million inhabitants. Three of the nation’s other large urban areas include Surabaya, Bandung and Bekasi, and are also located on the island of Java. Interestingly, in Indonesia there is a strong correlation between agricultural land, the location of volcanoes and population distribution: Most of the country's active volcanos are located on the island of Java and it is also there where the majority of the population lives and where the agricultural soils are best. Indonesian’s agricultural and urban lands are still somewhat linked spatially. Furthermore, the agricultural sector of the economy is still strong, and around 13 percent of Indonesia's GDP pertains to the agricultural sector. Many people who live in urban regions often go back to the rural region where they come from, and the link to rural agricultural lifestyles remain strong.