The number of industrial companies trading on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) declined between January 2018 and December 2023, albeit with some fluctuations. The highest value during this period was observed at 323, in June and August 2018. However, it fell notably in July 2019, most likely due to the reclassification of industries in the Industry Classification Benchmark (ICB). As of December 2023, there were 255 industrial companies trading on the LSE.

Tap into the UK’s fastest-growing industries to identify opportunities both within and beyond the London area.

Number of workplaces and employees working in industry sectors that operate in the evening or night. The "night time economy" is defined as the following Standard Industrial Classification 2007 (SIC 2007) industries:

• Cultural and leisure activities
• Activities which support night time cultural and leisure activities
• 24-hour health and personal social services
• Activities which support wider social and economic activities

This data is provided at Borough and MSOA level.

This dataset is included in the Greater London Authority's Night Time Observatory. Click here to find out more.

In 2023, London had a gross domestic product of over 569 billion British pounds, by far the most of any region of the United Kingdom. The region of South East England which surrounds London had the second-highest GDP in this year, at over 360 billion pounds. North West England, which includes the major cities of Manchester and Liverpool, had the third-largest GDP among UK regions, at almost 250 billion pounds. Levelling Up the UK London’s economic dominance of the UK can clearly be seen when compared to the other regions of the country. In terms of GDP per capita, the gap between London and the rest of the country is striking, standing at over 63,600 pounds per person in the UK capital, compared with just over 37,100 pounds in the rest of the country. To address the economic imbalance, successive UK governments have tried to implement "levelling-up policies", which aim to boost investment and productivity in neglected areas of the country. The success of these programs going forward may depend on their scale, as it will likely take high levels of investment to reverse economic neglect regions have faced in the recent past. Overall UK GDP The gross domestic product for the whole of the United Kingdom amounted to 2.56 trillion British pounds in 2024. During this year, GDP grew by 0.9 percent, following a growth rate of 0.4 percent in 2023. Due to the overall population of the UK growing faster than the economy, however, GDP per capita in the UK fell in both 2023 and 2024. Nevertheless, the UK remains one of the world’s biggest economies, with just five countries (the United States, China, Japan, Germany, and India) having larger economies. It is it likely that several other countries will overtake the UK economy in the coming years, with Indonesia, Brazil, Russia, and Mexico all expected to have larger economies than Britain by 2050.

As of February 2025, Rolls-Royce Holdings Plc was the leading company in the industrial goods and services sector on the London Stock Exchange (LSE), with a market capitalization of 63 billion British pounds. Second on the list was CRH Plc, with a value of 51.8 billion British pounds.

Annual estimates of balanced UK regional gross domestic product (GDP). Current price estimates and chained volume measures for local authority districts, London boroughs, unitary authorities and Scottish Council areas.

Graph and download economic data for Gross Domestic Product: All Industries in New London County, CT (GDPALL09011) from 2001 to 2023 about New London County, CT; Norwich; CT; industry; GDP; and USA.

The London IO tables provide an overview of activity across sectors and key aggregates (production, consumption and expenditure) as well as the interlinkages between sectors and London’s trade (with the rest of the UK, the EU and the rest of the world). The IO tables are product x product rather than industry x industry. The data is for the product definition of sectors, and sector coverage aligns with the 2014 London Business Survey. See https://data.london.gov.uk/gla-economics/london-business-survey-2014/ Explanation of the content of the tables, applications of their use, and details on the methodology are available here: https://www.london.gov.uk/business-and-economy-publications/london-input-output-tables

Graph and download economic data for Real Gross Domestic Product: Private Services-Providing Industries in New London County, CT (REALGDPSERV09011) from 2001 to 2023 about New London County, CT; Norwich; services-providing; CT; private; real; industry; GDP; and USA.

As London looks ahead to a skills devolution deal, the capital has ambitions to create an adult skills system that is more responsive to the needs of the local economy. This work reflects on the area based review which will shape the future of the Further Education sector in London. Analysis by GLA Economics sets out what drives London’s economy, and what this means for future skills needs. In this series of papers we analyse the demand for jobs and skills to inform the Government’s area reviews of post-16 education and training, covering four London sub-regions (working papers 76-79). Thanks to London’s excellent transport links, the job opportunities available to learners are wider than a particular sub-region. The 2011 Census shows that less than half of all workers in London (48%) live in the same sub-regional area as their place of work. This calls for a broader, pan-London view (working paper 75). https://www.london.gov.uk/business-and-economy-publications/skills-londons-economy

Graph and download economic data for Gross Domestic Product: Private Goods-Producing Industries in New London County, CT (GDPGOODS09011) from 2001 to 2023 about New London County, CT; Norwich; goods-producing; CT; private; industry; GDP; and USA.

These slides begin to explore the potential impacts of the transition to a net-zero carbon and circular economy on different industry groups and workers in London.

It should be noted that this analysis has not been based on London’s emissions as reported through the London Energy and Greenhouse Gas Inventory (LEGGI). Instead we use UK level data on emissions and energy consumption by industry group and apportion to a London level using regional employment estimates.

This is an imperfect approach, intended to provide a first approximation of trends by industry group based on available data. The findings provide an initial insight but should be treated with caution.

Main findings from the analysis

Among the main findings, the analysis shows that by industry group:

• London apportioned GHG emissions are highest in Transport & Storage, followed by Electricity & Gas and Manufacturing
• High-emitting industry groups tend to account for a relatively small share of employment among London residents
• Some (but not all) high-emitting industry groups have seen a recent increase in GHG emissions at the UK level and employment at the London level
• Jobs in high-emitting industry groups tend to be spatially concentrated in different parts of London

What are the main assumptions behind these findings?

In the absence of sub-national estimates being available by industry group, we have apportioned UK GHG emissions and energy consumption to London using (resident based) ONS Annual Population Survey data. This allows us to look at trends using Standard Industrial Classification (SIC 2007) groups.

This approach assumes that GHG emissions per worker and energy consumption per worker are the same within industries across the country. In reality, the occupational structure and carbon intensity of an industry is likely to vary across regions. It also reflects resident, not workplace, employment patterns.

Our London apportion estimates also exclude GHG emissions from consumer expenditure and only covers direct emissions by industry. Further analysis of indirect emissions across supply chains could be of value when considering the longer-term challenges faced by the economy as part of this transition.

Number of Private for All Industries in New London County, CT was 8075.00000 Establishments in October of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, Number of Private for All Industries in New London County, CT reached a record high of 8244.00000 in July of 2023 and a record low of 5807.00000 in January of 1993. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Number of Private for All Industries in New London County, CT - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on June of 2025.

Gross value added (balanced) in current basic prices and as chained volume measures, with a breakdown by 24 industry sectors, for each local authority district, metropolitan district, London borough and Scottish Council area in the UK.

United Kingdom New Orders: Val: London: CT: NW: Oth: Private Industrial data was reported at 42.000 GBP mn in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 30.000 GBP mn for Mar 2018. United Kingdom New Orders: Val: London: CT: NW: Oth: Private Industrial data is updated quarterly, averaging 58.000 GBP mn from Mar 1985 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 134 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 282.000 GBP mn in Sep 2008 and a record low of 4.000 GBP mn in Sep 2017. United Kingdom New Orders: Val: London: CT: NW: Oth: Private Industrial data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.EA005: New Construction Order: Value: By Region.

Annual estimates of balanced UK regional gross value added (GVA(B)). Current price estimates, chained volume measures and implied deflators for UK countries, ITL1, ITL2 and ITL3 regions, with a detailed industry breakdown.

This is a summary report on the economic impact of COVID-19 on London’s small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It presents a uniquely granular and timely analysis of the impacts on London’s SMEs by sectoral, financial, employment, and risk indicators and includes deep dive case studies on the economic impact on the Night Time Economy, high streets and town centres, and the Culture and Creative industries.

The analysis was undertaken on a pro bono basis by Bloomberg Associates, for and in close collaboration with the GLA providing guidance and direction. Partners supporting Bloomberg Associates included Slalom, Burning Glass Technologies, DueDil and CK Delta. It leverages a combination of public and private data from a range of financial, economic, behavioural, sociographic and demographic sources and complements the macro-economic scenarios for the London economy.

The study was conducted between March 2020 and June 2020 and leverages the most updated data that was available at the time. It is important to note that new data and evidence constantly emerges and could be integrated in a potential future iteration of this work. The report has sought to:

• Illustrate the impact of the pandemic on London’s SMEs and local employment and improve understanding of the scale and scope of the economic challenges that London faces in recovery.
• Demonstrate the application of “bottom-up” and localised data to create a more complete, granular picture of overall economic impact
• Show the intersection of impact by sectors and geographies, exploring the relationship between these two factors to demonstrate the risk hot spots across Greater London.

If you have any comments or questions related to the report, please email GLA Economics

As of December 2023, the number of companies trading on the London Stock Exchange stood at 1,977. These companies had a combined market capitalization of over 3.5 trillion British pounds and over 500,000 daily average trades. Seen as the heart of the global financial community, it may not be surprising that the London Stock Exchange was home to a total of 565 financial companies at the end of 2023, the largest number of any category. Market capitalization Market capitalization is the outstanding value of a company's shares and is often used to measure the size of a company and investors interest in a given enterprise. Market capital is calculated by multiplying the number of shares outstanding by the value of one share. Finance sectorIn terms of market capitalization, the largest financial company on the LSE was the UK headquartered bank HSBC Holdings Plc. The total market value of financial companies trading on the LSE totaled over 848.6 billion British pounds in December 2023.