This is a source dataset for a Let's Get Healthy California indicator at https://letsgethealthy.ca.gov/. Infant Mortality is defined as the number of deaths in infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. Infant mortality is often used as an indicator to measure the health and well-being of a community, because factors affecting the health of entire populations can also impact the mortality rate of infants. Although California’s infant mortality rate is better than the national average, there are significant disparities, with African American babies dying at more than twice the rate of other groups. Data are from the Birth Cohort Files. The infant mortality indicator computed from the birth cohort file comprises birth certificate information on all births that occur in a calendar year (denominator) plus death certificate information linked to the birth certificate for those infants who were born in that year but subsequently died within 12 months of birth (numerator). Studies of infant mortality that are based on information from death certificates alone have been found to underestimate infant death rates for infants of all race/ethnic groups and especially for certain race/ethnic groups, due to problems such as confusion about event registration requirements, incomplete data, and transfers of newborns from one facility to another for medical care. Note there is a separate data table "Infant Mortality by Race/Ethnicity" which is based on death records only, which is more timely but less accurate than the Birth Cohort File. Single year shown to provide state-level data and county totals for the most recent year. Numerator: Infants deaths (under age 1 year). Denominator: Live births occurring to California state residents. Multiple years aggregated to allow for stratification at the county level. For this indicator, race/ethnicity is based on the birth certificate information, which records the race/ethnicity of the mother. The mother can “decline to state”; this is considered to be a valid response. These responses are not displayed on the indicator visualization.

This statistic shows the 20 countries* with the highest infant mortality rate in 2024. An estimated 101.3 infants per 1,000 live births died in the first year of life in Afghanistan in 2024. Infant and child mortality Infant mortality usually refers to the death of children younger than one year. Child mortality, which is often used synonymously with infant mortality, is the death of children younger than five. Among the main causes are pneumonia, diarrhea – which causes dehydration – and infections in newborns, with malnutrition also posing a severe problem. As can be seen above, most countries with a high infant mortality rate are developing countries or emerging countries, most of which are located in Africa. Good health care and hygiene are crucial in reducing child mortality; among the countries with the lowest infant mortality rate are exclusively developed countries, whose inhabitants usually have access to clean water and comprehensive health care. Access to vaccinations, antibiotics and a balanced nutrition also help reducing child mortality in these regions. In some countries, infants are killed if they turn out to be of a certain gender. India, for example, is known as a country where a lot of girls are aborted or killed right after birth, as they are considered to be too expensive for poorer families, who traditionally have to pay a costly dowry on the girl’s wedding day. Interestingly, the global mortality rate among boys is higher than that for girls, which could be due to the fact that more male infants are actually born than female ones. Other theories include a stronger immune system in girls, or more premature births among boys.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the infant mortality rate fluctuated around 300 deaths per thousand live births, meaning that roughly three in ten infants born in these years would not survive past their first birthday. Since 1910, however, Chile's infant mortality rate has consistently fallen, apart from a brief rise in the 1930s as Chile was hit particularly hard by the Great Depression. Infant mortality would fall at its fastest rate in the 1940s and 1950s, due to the expansion of several vaccination campaigns and the introduction of a national healthcare system, which saw dramatic improvements in natal health in the country. While many of thee healthcare initiatives were scaled back by the new administration in the 1950s, infant mortality has continued to fall, although it has stagnated in recent decades. Nonetheless, infant mortality in Chile in 2020is estimated to be just seven deaths per thousand births, meaning that over 99 percent of all newborns will make it past their first birthday.

Infant death is defined as death occurring within the first year of life. Single-year data are only available for Los Angeles County overall, Service Planning Areas, Supervisorial Districts, City of Los Angeles overall, and City of Los Angeles Council Districts. Data are not presented for geographies with number of infant deaths less than 11.Infant deaths are among the most tragic health events in a community, and sadly, they occur at a much greater frequency in some communities than in others. Chronic stress associated with both historical and ongoing racism are important contributing factors. Cities and communities can play an important role in addressing these inequities in reproductive health outcomes by examining their policies and practices with a racial equity lens, ensuring that all groups have the opportunities and resources needed to achieve optimal health.For more information about the Community Health Profiles Data Initiative, please see the initiative homepage.

Number of infant deaths and infant mortality rates, by age group (neonatal and post-neonatal), 1991 to most recent year.

Infant mortality is defined as the number of babies dying before the age of one for every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality is a measure of the longer term consequences of perinatal events and is particularly important for monitoring outcomes for high risk groups such as very preterm babies and growth restricted babies. Legacy unique identifier: P01743

Infant mortality was defined as death before completion of first year of life [1]. We obtained linked birth and infant death data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the years 2000–2005, corresponding to the time frame covered by the EQI. The EQI was constructed for 2000-2005 for all US counties and is composed of five domains (air, water, built, land, and sociodemographic), each composed of variables to represent the environmental quality of that domain. Domain-specific EQIs were developed using principal components analysis (PCA) to reduce these variables within each domain while the overall EQI was constructed from a second PCA from these individual domains (L. C. Messer et al., 2014). To account for differences in environment across rural and urban counties, the overall and domain-specific EQIs were stratified by rural urban continuum codes (RUCCs) (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2015). This dataset is not publicly accessible because: EPA cannot release personally identifiable information regarding living individuals, according to the Privacy Act and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This dataset contains information about human research subjects. Because there is potential to identify individual participants and disclose personal information, either alone or in combination with other datasets, individual level data are not appropriate to post for public access. Restricted access may be granted to authorized persons by contacting the party listed. It can be accessed through the following means: Human health data are not available publicly. EQI data are available at: https://edg.epa.gov/data/Public/ORD/NHEERL/EQI. Format: Data are stored as csv files. This dataset is associated with the following publication: Patel, A., J. Jagai, L. Messer, C. Gray, K. Rappazzo, S. DeflorioBarker, and D. Lobdell. Associations between environmental quality and infant mortality in the United States, 2000-2005. Archives of Public Health. BioMed Central Ltd, London, UK, 76(60): 1, (2018).

The infant mortality rate in India, for children under the age of one year old, was over 204 deaths per thousand births in 1915. This means that for all babies born in 1915,more than one fifth did not survive past their first birthday. This rate fluctuated over the next four decades, but since the mid-1900s, India's infant mortality rate has fallen from 181 to 32 deaths per thousand births in 2020, meaning that over three percent of all babies born today do not make it to their first birthday.

In 1950, the infant mortality rate in Thailand was 141 deaths per thousand live births, meaning that just over fourteen percent of all babies born in that year would not survive past their first birthday. Thailand’s infant mortality rate would fall sharply in the latter half of the 20th century, as mass immunization and vaccination campaigns would see the eradication of many childhood diseases, and modernization would greatly improve access to healthcare throughout the country. As a result, in 2020, it is estimated that over 99 percent of all newborns will survive past their first birthday.

Footnotes: 1 Sources: Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Birth, Death and Stillbirth Databases. The table 13-10-0110-01 is an update of table 13-10-0408-01. 2 Infant mortality corresponds to the death of a child under one year of age. Expressed as a rate per 1,000 live births. 3 Perinatal deaths include late fetal deaths (stillbirths with a gestational age of 28 weeks or more) and early neonatal deaths (deaths of infants aged less than one week). 4 Numbers and rates in this table may differ from those found in similar data published by the Vital Statistics program as the data here have been tabulated based on postal codes available for place of residence. 5 2017 data for Yukon are not available. 6 The number of births, stillbirths, and deaths in Ontario for 2016 and 2017 are considered preliminary. 7 Due to improvements in methodology and timeliness, the duration of data collection has been shortened compared to previous years. As a result, there may have been fewer births and stillbirths captured by the time of the release. The 2017 data are therefore considered preliminary. 8 A census metropolitan area (CMA) is an area consisting of one or more adjacent municipalities situated around a major urban core. To form a census metropolitan area, the urban core must have a population of at least 100,000. The CMAs are those defined for the 2016 Census. To form a census agglomeration, the urban core must have a population of at least 10,000. 9 The metropolitan influenced zone (MIZ) classification is an approach to better differentiate areas of Canada outside of census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations. Census subdivisions that lie outside these areas are classified into one of four zones of influence. They are assigned to categories based on the flow of residents travelling to work in an urban area with a population greater than 10,000. Municipalities where more that 30% of the residents commute to work in an urban core are assigned to the strong MIZ category. Municipalities where between 5% and 30% of the residents commute to work in an urban core are assigned to the moderate MIZ category. Municipalities where between 0% and 5% of the residents commute to work in an urban core are assigned to the weak MIZ category. Municipalities where fewer than 40 or none of the residents commute to work in an urban core are assigned to the zero MIZ category. 10 Geographical areas are modified every 5 years to reflect the most recent census definitions, therefore, data are not strictly comparable historically. 11 Counts and rates in this table are based on three consecutive years of data. 12 The 95% confidence interval (CI) illustrates the degree of variability associated with a rate. 13 Wide confidence intervals (CIs) indicate high variability, thus, these rates should be interpreted and compared with due caution. 14 The following standard symbols are used in this Statistics Canada table: (..) for figures not available for a specific reference period, (...) for figures not applicable and (x) for figures suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act. 15 The figures shown in the tables have been subjected to a confidentiality procedure known as controlled rounding to prevent the possibility of associating statistical data with any identifiable individual. Under this method, all figures, including totals and margins, are rounded either up or down to a multiple of 5. Controlled rounding has the advantage over other types of rounding of producing additive tables as well as offering more protection.

The Poverty Mapping Project: Global Subnational Infant Mortality Rates data set consists of estimates of infant mortality rates for the year 2000. The infant mortality rate for a region or country is defined as the number of children who die before their first birthday for every 1,000 live births. The data products include a shapefile (vector data) of rates, grids (raster data) of rates (per 10,000 live births in order to preserve precision in integer format), births (the rate denominator) and deaths (the rate numerator), and a tabular data set of the same and associated data. Over 10,000 national and subnational Units are represented in the tabular and grid data sets, while the shapefile uses approximately 1,000 Units in order to protect the intellectual property of source data sets for Brazil, China, and Mexico. This data set is produced by the Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN).

Infant mortality rate including country, regional, and global breakdown

Definition:
Probability of dying between birth and exactly 1 year of age, expressed per 1,000 live births

In 1955, the infant mortality rate in Vietnam was just over one hundred deaths per thousand live births, meaning that approximately one of every ten babies born in that year would not survive past their first birthday. Infant mortality would decrease sharply between the 1950s and 1960s, falling to nearly half the 1955 rate by 1970. Declines in infant mortality would slow somewhat in the early 1970s, however, as a decrease of American aid to South Vietnam following President Nixon’s resignation, combined with increasing encroachment by the North Vietnamese army and a recession from the 1973 oil crisis, would place significant strain on many basic health and government services of the South Vietnamese government. Following the fall of Saigon in 1975 and the reunification of Vietnam, child mortality would begin to decline once more, as the country would begin to rapidly modernize in the post-war years. As a result, infant mortality would halve between 1975 and the end of the century, and as infant mortality continues to decline, it is estimated in 2020 that for every thousand children born in Vietnam, over 98% will survive past their first birthday.

Number of infant deaths (stillbirth, perinatal and those aged under 1 year old).

In 1930, the infant mortality rate in Singapore was estimated to be 212 deaths per thousand live births, meaning that over 21% of all babies born in that year would not survive past their first birthday. The invasion and subsequent occupation of the island by the Empire of Japan in the Second World War had a significant impact on infant mortality in Singapore, raising mortality rates from 152 in 1940, to over 230 by 1945. Following the end of the Second World War and the removal of Japanese occupation from the island, however, infant mortality would rapidly decline throughout the remainder of the 20th century, as rapid modernization and an influx of overseas investment would result in significant improvements to living standards and healthcare. As a result, infant mortality would fall to just four deaths per thousand births by the turn of the century, and as infant mortality has continued to decline, it is estimated in 2020 that for every thousand children born in Singapore, 99.8% will make it past their first birthday, giving Singapore one of the lowest infant mortality rates in the world.

Infant mortality is defined as the number of babies dying before the age of one for every 1,000 live births.

Purpose

Infant mortality is a measure of the longer term consequences of perinatal events and is particularly important for monitoring outcomes for high risk groups such as very preterm babies and growth restricted babies.

Current version updated: May-17

Next version due: May-18

UNICEF's country profile for Nepal, including under-five mortality rates, child health, education and sanitation data.

Update 2 March 2023: Following the merger of NHS Digital and NHS England on 1st February 2023 we are reviewing the future presentation of the NHS Outcomes Framework indicators. As part of this review, the annual publication which was due to be released in March 2023 has been delayed. Further announcements about this dataset will be made on this page in due course. Infant mortality is defined as the number of babies dying before the age of one for every 1,000 live births. Infant mortality is a measure of the longer term consequences of perinatal events and is particularly important for monitoring outcomes for high risk groups such as very preterm babies and growth restricted babies. Legacy unique identifier: P01743

【リソース】Volume 1_6-1_Trends in infant deaths, infant mortality rates (per 1,000 live births), sex ratio and proportion of infant deaths to total deaths:Japan / Volume 1_6-2_Trends in neonatal deaths, neonatal mortality rates (per 1,000 live births), sex ratio and proportion of neonatal deaths to infant deaths:Japan / Volume 1_6-3_Infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) and percent distribution by sex and age (days, weeks and months):Japan, 2018 / Volume 1_6-4_Trends in infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) by sex and age (days, weeks and months):Japan / Volume 1_6-5_Trends in infant deaths and infant mortality rates (per 1,000 live births) by month:Japan / Volume 1_6-6_Live births, infant deaths and infant mortality rates (per 1,000 live births) by months of birth:Japan / Volume 1_6-7_Trends in infant deaths and percent distribution by place of occurrence:Japan / Volume 1_6-8_Percent distribution of infant deaths by place of occurrence:Japan, each prefecture and 21 major cities, 2018 / Volume 1_6-9_Infant deaths, infant mortality rates (per 1,000 live births) and percent distribution by type of occupation of household:Japan, 2018 / Volume 1_6-10_Trends in infant deaths by each prefecture:Japan / Volume 1_6-11_Trends in infant mortality rates (per 1,000 live births) by each prefecture:Japan / Volume 1_6-12_Infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) by age and proportion of neonatal deaths:Japan, each prefecture and 21 major cities, 2018 / Volume 1_6-13_Trends in infant deaths and infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) by causes (the list of causes of infant death):Japan / Volume 1_6-14_Infant deaths and infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) by age and causes (the list of causes of infant death):Japan, 2018 / Volume 1_6-15_Percent distribution of infant deaths by age and causes (the list of causes of infant death):Japan, 2018 / Volume 1_6-16_Trends in leading causes of neonatal and infant death:Japan (deaths, death rates (per 100,000 live births), proportion(%)) / Volume 1_6-17_Infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) by causes (the list of causes of infant death):Japan, each prefecture and 21 major cities, 2018 / Volume 1_6-18_Infant deaths and infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) by diseases, causes (the list of causes of infant death) and birth weight:Japan, 2018 / Volume 1_6-19_Neonatal deaths and neonatal mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) by diseases, causes (the list of causes of infant death) and birth weight:Japan, 2018 / Volume 2_1_Infant deaths (under 1 year), neonatal deaths (under 4 weeks) by sex and month of occurrence:Japan, urban/rural residence, each prefecture and 21 major cities / Volume 2_2_Infant deaths (under 1 year) by age and sex:Japan, urban/rural residence, each prefecture and 21 major cities / Volume 2_3_Infant deaths (under 1 year) by age, sex and type of occupation of household:Japan / Volume 2_4_Infant deaths (under 1 year) by month of occurrence and date of birth:Japan / Volume 2_5_Infant deaths (under 1 year) from diseases, birth weight and mean birth weight by sex, plurality of birth and age of mother:Japan / Volume 2_6_Infant deaths (under 1 year) from diseases, birth weight and mean birth weight by sex, plurality of birth and birth order:Japan / Volume 2_7_Infant deaths (under 1 year) from diseases, birth weight and mean birth weight by sex and period of gestation:Japan / Volume 3_1_Infant deaths (under 1 year) by causes (the list of causes of infant death), sex and age:Japan / Volume 3_2_Infant deaths (under 1 year) and neonatal deaths (under 4 weeks) by causes (the list of causes of infant death) and sex:Japan, each prefecture and 21 major cities / Volume 3_3_Infant deaths (under 1 year) and neonatal deaths (under 4 weeks) by causes (the list of causes of infant death), sex and month of occurrence:Japan / Volume 3_4_Infant deaths (under 1 year), neonatal deaths (under 4 weeks) and early neonatal deaths (under 1 week) from diseases by causes (the list of causes of infant death), sex and birth weight:Japan / Volume 3_5_Infant deaths (under 1 year), neonatal deaths (under 4 weeks) and early neonatal deaths (under 1 week) from diseases by causes (the list of causes of infant death), sex and specified period of gestation:Japan / Vital Statistics_Vital statistics of Japan_Final data_Infant mortality_Yearly_2018 / Volume 1_6-1_Trends in infant deaths, infant mortality rates (per 1,000 live births), sex ratio and proportion of infant deaths to total deaths:Japan,Volume 1_6-2_Trends in neonatal deaths, neonatal mortality rates (per 1,000 live births), sex ratio and proportion of neonatal deaths to infant deaths:Japan,Volume 1_6-3_Infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) and percent distribution by sex and age (days, weeks and months):Japan, 2018,Volume 1_6-4_Trends in infant mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) by sex and age (days, weeks and months):Japan,Volume 1_6-5_Trends in infant deaths and i

In 1955, the infant mortality rate in Sudan was estimated to be 135 deaths per thousand live births, meaning that almost 14 percent of babies born in this year would not survive past their first birthday. This figure would decline greatly throughout the 1950s to 1970s, as rising oil exports and significant foreign direct investment would allow for substantial improvements in healthcare and nutrition access in the country. While this decline in mortality would continue throughout the remainder of the 20th century, the rate of decline would slow drastically beginning in the 1980s, as the Second Sudanese Civil War would cause widespread disruption of health services, and result in severe food and medical shortages in the country. The rate of decline would increase once more beginning in the late 1990s, however, as a winding down in the conflict and the eventual ceasefire would allow for the return of many humanitarian and government health and food programs. As a result, infant mortality has declined greatly in the 21st century, and in 2020, it is estimated that Sudan has an infant mortality rate of 43 deaths per thousand births.