The state with the highest IMR in India between 2011 and 2015 was Madhya Pradesh, which presented an IMR of ** per thousand infants. From 2031 to 2035, the highest projected IMRs were to be seen in Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, with ** and ** deaths per thousand infants respectively. Countries with high IMR rates are indicative of subpar standards not only in terms of medical treatment, but also relative to sanitation, nutrition, and education. The infant mortality rate (IMR) is a health indicator of the general physical health of a society. The IMR measures the amount of human deaths that take place within a group, under the age of one year.

In 2023, the infant mortality rate in India was at about 24.5 deaths per 1,000 live births, a significant decrease from previous years. Infant mortality as an indicatorThe infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1,000 live births. This rate is an important key indicator for a country’s health and standard of living; a low infant mortality rate indicates a high standard of healthcare. Causes of infant mortality include premature birth, sepsis or meningitis, sudden infant death syndrome, and pneumonia. Globally, the infant mortality rate has shrunk from 63 infant deaths per 1,000 live births to 27 since 1990 and is forecast to drop to 8 infant deaths per 1,000 live births by the year 2100. India’s rural problemWith 32 infant deaths per 1,000 live births, India is neither among the countries with the highest nor among those with the lowest infant mortality rate. Its decrease indicates an increase in medical care and hygiene, as well as a decrease in female infanticide. Increasing life expectancy at birth is another indicator that shows that the living conditions of the Indian population are improving. Still, India’s inhabitants predominantly live in rural areas, where standards of living as well as access to medical care and hygiene are traditionally lower and more complicated than in cities. Public health programs are thus put in place by the government to ensure further improvement.

Vital Statistics: Infant Mortality Rate: per 1000 Live Births: Arunchal Pradesh: Urban data was reported at 13.000 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 24.000 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Infant Mortality Rate: per 1000 Live Births: Arunchal Pradesh: Urban data is updated yearly, averaging 14.000 NA from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2020, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 34.000 NA in 2017 and a record low of 10.000 NA in 2011. Vital Statistics: Infant Mortality Rate: per 1000 Live Births: Arunchal Pradesh: Urban data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH005: Vital Statistics: Infant Mortality Rate: by States.

Vital Statistics: Infant Mortality Rate: per 1000 Live Births: Goa: Rural data was reported at 7.000 NA in 2020. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.000 NA for 2019. Vital Statistics: Infant Mortality Rate: per 1000 Live Births: Goa: Rural data is updated yearly, averaging 10.000 NA from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2020, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 25.000 NA in 1998 and a record low of 6.000 NA in 2011. Vital Statistics: Infant Mortality Rate: per 1000 Live Births: Goa: Rural data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Demographic – Table IN.GAH005: Vital Statistics: Infant Mortality Rate: by States.

In 2020, the infant mortality rate in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India was about ** deaths per 1,000 live births. This value represented a significant decrease in infant mortality rate in Himachal Pradesh from previous years.

The child mortality rate in India, for children under the age of five, was 509 deaths per thousand births in 1880. This means that over half of all children born in 1880 did not survive past the age of five, and it remained this way until the twentieth century. From 1900 until today, the child mortality rate has fallen from over 53 percent in 1900, to under four percent in 2020. Since 1900, there were only two times where the child mortality rate increased in India, which were as a result of the Spanish Flu pandemic in the 1910s, and in the 1950s as India adjusted to its newfound independence.

Abstract

The Longitudinal Indian Family Health (LIFE) is a long-term research study that will examine socio-economic and environmental influences on children’s health and development in India. The main aim of the study is to understand the link between the environmental conditions in which Indian women conceive, go through their pregnancy and give birth, and their physical and mental health during this period.

The cohort comprises married women between 15 and 35 years of age (mean 22 years), recruited before pregnancy or in the first trimester of pregnancy, from 2009 to 2011. These CHVs focus on women in the village to ascertain pregnancy (by interview) and to educate and encourage the women to seek regular antenatal care and other health care services. REACH has enumerated all household members in these communities and mapped each dwelling by a geographical information system (GIS). During each visit, CHVs conduct interviews to collect and update information on demography and pregnancy. Since 2004, CHVs have been collecting data on infant deaths and birthweights in the population. Socio-demographic variables such as access to electricity, means of transportation and possession of audio-visual devices were collected from REACH database

Documentation

You can submit a proposal to collaborate with LIFE Study investigators. A written protocol must be submitted, reviewed and approved by the LIFE Data Sharing Plan Committee before initiation of new projects. For further information, contact Dr P. S. Reddy at [reddyps@verizon.net]. Updated information may be found on the research centre website at [www.sharefoundations.org].

Methodology

The LIFE study is being conducted in villages of Medchal Mandal, R.R.District, Telangana, India. Since 2009, 1227 women aged between 15 and 35 years were recruited before conception or within 14 weeks of gestation. Women were followed through pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum. Follow-up of children is ongoing. Baseline data were collected from husbands of 642 women.

Anthropometric measurements, biological samples and detailed questionnaire data were collected during registration, the first and third trimesters, delivery and at 1 month postpartum. Anthropometric measurements and health questionnaire data are obtained for each child, and a developmental assessment is done at 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months. At 36 months, each child is screened for development and mental health problems. Questionnaires are completed for pregnancy loss and death of children under 5 years old. The LIFE Biobank preserves over 6000 samples.