In 2019, the leading causes of death globally included ischemic heart disease, stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There were **** million deaths from ischemic heart disease at that time and about **** million deaths caused by stroke. In recent history, increases in life expectancy, increases in population and better standards of living have changed the leading causes of death over time. Non-Communicable Disease Deaths The number of deaths due to non-communicable diseases has remained relatively stable in recent years. A large majority of non-communicable or chronic disease deaths globally are caused by cardiovascular diseases, followed by cancer. Various lifestyle choices cause or exacerbate many of these chronic diseases. Drinking, smoking and lack of exercise can contribute to higher rates of non-communicable diseases and early death. It is estimated that the relative risk of death before the age of 65 was ** times greater among those that smoked and never quit. Infectious Disease Deaths Trends indicate that the number of deaths due to infectious diseases have decreased in recent years. However, infectious diseases still disproportionately impact low- and middle-income countries. In 2021, tuberculosis, malaria and HIV/AIDS were still among the leading causes of death in low-income countries. However, the leading causes of death in upper income countries are almost exclusively non-communicable, chronic conditions.

Tuberculosis is one of the deadliest communicable diseases worldwide, causing around *** million deaths per year. Communicable diseases, also known as infectious diseases, are spread from person to person either directly or indirectly, such as through an insect bite or ingesting contaminated food or water. Some of the deadliest communicable diseases include HIV/AIDS, malaria, hepatitis C, cholera, and measles. Tuberculosis Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that affects the lungs. Tuberculosis disproportionately impacts the poorer, less developed countries of the world, such as in Africa and Southeast Asia. India reports the highest number of deaths from tuberculosis worldwide. HIV/AIDS Although deaths from HIV/AIDS have decreased over the last few decades, there were still around ******* AIDS-related deaths in 2023. Like many other communicable diseases, HIV/AIDS impacts developing regions more than the developed world. By far, the highest number of AIDS deaths come from Africa and Asia Pacific. Advancements in HIV treatment now allow those infected to live long and relatively normal lives, but access to treatment varies greatly.

In 2021, there were over ** million deaths from all types of cardiovascular diseases all over the world. This statistic describes the number of deaths caused by selected chronic diseases worldwide in 2021. Chronic disease has widespread consequences on both individuals, impacting both quality and length of life, as well as on societies and governments worldwide. Chronic disease The burden of chronic diseases, which is made up of the resulting disabilities and deaths, is increasing all over the globe. In 2022, lung cancer caused over *** million deaths worldwide, accounting for the highest number of cancer deaths. Furthermore, it is estimated that by 2045, there will be *** million people living with diabetes all over the globe. Although chronic diseases are not curable, their risk factors are highly preventable, usually through individual lifestyle and behavioral modifications. Public policies have been put into place in many countries worldwide to promote healthier lifestyles, for example by limiting the consumption of tobacco and alcohol. Impact on societies Chronic diseases can result in a heavy economic burden due to related health care costs and through the loss of workforce. Countries of all income statuses are affected by chronic diseases, with the leading causes of death in high-income countries from chronic disease. Moreover, the rising impact of chronic disease in low-income countries leads to a double burden, as they are forced to deal with both infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases. Weak health systems and poor economies often pose limits to these countries’ abilities to cope as well.

Cambodia KH: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data was reported at 23.034 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 27.078 % for 2015. Cambodia KH: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 30.154 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2019, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 52.752 % in 2000 and a record low of 23.034 % in 2019. Cambodia KH: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Cambodia – Table KH.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.;Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death;Weighted average;

Germany DE: Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data was reported at 90.598 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 91.046 % for 2015. Germany DE: Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 91.273 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2019, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 91.869 % in 2000 and a record low of 90.598 % in 2019. Germany DE: Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.;Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death;Weighted average;

Algeria DZ: Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data was reported at 79.356 % in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 76.970 % for 2015. Algeria DZ: Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 75.901 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2019, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 79.356 % in 2019 and a record low of 68.286 % in 2000. Algeria DZ: Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Algeria – Table DZ.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.;Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death;Weighted average;

It is estimated that around **** percent of the population in the United States has been diagnosed with an infectious disease. Infectious diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses and other organisms and can be spread from person to person, through insect or animal bites, or through contaminated food or water. Some of the most common infectious diseases include HIV/AIDS, influenza, malaria, tuberculosis and hepatitis.

HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS is one of the most well-known infectious diseases worldwide. There are currently almost ** million people worldwide living with HIV and it is responsible for just under a million deaths per year. HIV treatment has improved dramatically over the last few decades but access to treatment varies. The poorer regions of the world still suffer disproportionately from HIV with the majority of those infected living in Africa.

Tuberculosis

Like HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis also impacts the poorer regions of the world more than developed nations. Tuberculosis impacts the lungs of those infected and is currently the tenth leading cause of death worldwide. The countries with the highest incidence rates of tuberculosis include India, China, Indonesia, and the Philippines. In India alone tuberculosis was responsible for around ******* deaths in 2018.

Bangladesh BD: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data was reported at 22.613 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 28.808 % for 2015. Bangladesh BD: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 30.893 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2019, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 50.247 % in 2000 and a record low of 22.613 % in 2019. Bangladesh BD: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bangladesh – Table BD.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.;Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death;Weighted average;

Australia Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data was reported at 89.114 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 89.573 % for 2015. Australia Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 89.671 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2019, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 90.457 % in 2010 and a record low of 89.114 % in 2019. Australia Cause of Death: by Non-Communicable Diseases: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Australia – Table AU.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.;Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death;Weighted average;

Afghanistan Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data was reported at 32.930 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 39.391 % for 2015. Afghanistan Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 43.770 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2019, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 59.815 % in 2000 and a record low of 32.930 % in 2019. Afghanistan Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Afghanistan – Table AF.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.;Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death;Weighted average;

Background and aimHepatitis C virus infection can lead to an enormous health burden worldwide. Investigating the changes in HCV-related burden between different countries could provide inferences for disease management. Hence, we aim to explore the temporal tendency of the disease burden associated with HCV infection in China, India, the United States, and the world.MethodsDetailed data on the total burden of disease related to HCV infection were collected from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database. Joinpoint regression models were used to simulate the optimal joinpoints of annual percent changes (APCs). Further analysis of the age composition of each index over time and the relationship between ASRs and the socio-demographic Index (SDI) were explored. Finally, three factors (population growth, population aging, and age-specific changes) were deconstructed for the changes in the number of incidences, deaths, and DALYs.ResultsIt was estimated that 6.2 million new HCV infections, 0.54 million HCV-related deaths, and 15.3 million DALYs worldwide in 2019, with an increase of 25.4, 59.1, and 43.6%, respectively, from 1990, are mainly due to population growth and aging. China experienced a sharp drop in age-standardized rates in 2019, the United States showed an upward trend, and India exhibited a fluctuating tendency in the burden of disease. The incidence was increasing in all locations recently.ConclusionHCV remains a global health concern despite tremendous progress being made. The disease burden in China improved significantly, while the burden in the United States was deteriorating, with new infections increasing recently, suggesting more targeted interventions to be established to realize the 2030 elimination goals.

Context

According to WHO Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illnesses.

Johns Hopkins University has made an excellent dashboard for tracking the spread of COVID-19. Data is extracted from the Johns Hopkins Github repository associated and made available here.

Content

This dataset has daily level information on the number of confirmed cases, deaths and recovery cases from 2019 novel coronavirus. Please note that this is a time series data and so the number of cases on any given day is the cumulative number. The data is available from 22 Jan, 2020 and updated regularly. Github repository of this clean dataset is here

Columns Description

Filename is covid-19_cleaned_data.csv(updated) - Province/State- Province/State of the observations - Country/Region-Country of observations - Date- Last update - Confirmed - Cumulative number of confirmed cases till that date - Recovered - Cumulative number of recovered till that date - Deaths- Cumulative number of deaths till that date - Lat and Long - Coordinates

Acknowledgements

• Johns Hopkins University -https://github.com/CSSEGISandData/COVID-19
• World Health Organization(WHO) - https://www.who.int/

Inspiration

Some insights could be 1. Mortality rate over time 2. Exponential growth 3. Changes in the number of affected cases over time 4. The latest number of affected cases

Estimated all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates by GBD and HIV disease classifications in Kisumu County, Kenya (2019).

This dataset reports the daily reported number of the 7-day moving average rates of Deaths involving COVID-19 by vaccination status and by age group. Learn how the Government of Ontario is helping to keep Ontarians safe during the 2019 Novel Coronavirus outbreak. Effective November 14, 2024 this page will no longer be updated. Information about COVID-19 and other respiratory viruses is available on Public Health Ontario’s interactive respiratory virus tool: https://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/Data-and-Analysis/Infectious-Disease/Respiratory-Virus-Tool Data includes: * Date on which the death occurred * Age group * 7-day moving average of the last seven days of the death rate per 100,000 for those not fully vaccinated * 7-day moving average of the last seven days of the death rate per 100,000 for those fully vaccinated * 7-day moving average of the last seven days of the death rate per 100,000 for those vaccinated with at least one booster ##Additional notes As of June 16, all COVID-19 datasets will be updated weekly on Thursdays by 2pm. As of January 12, 2024, data from the date of January 1, 2024 onwards reflect updated population estimates. This update specifically impacts data for the 'not fully vaccinated' category. On November 30, 2023 the count of COVID-19 deaths was updated to include missing historical deaths from January 15, 2020 to March 31, 2023. CCM is a dynamic disease reporting system which allows ongoing update to data previously entered. As a result, data extracted from CCM represents a snapshot at the time of extraction and may differ from previous or subsequent results. Public Health Units continually clean up COVID-19 data, correcting for missing or overcounted cases and deaths. These corrections can result in data spikes and current totals being different from previously reported cases and deaths. Observed trends over time should be interpreted with caution for the most recent period due to reporting and/or data entry lags. The data does not include vaccination data for people who did not provide consent for vaccination records to be entered into the provincial COVaxON system. This includes individual records as well as records from some Indigenous communities where those communities have not consented to including vaccination information in COVaxON. “Not fully vaccinated” category includes people with no vaccine and one dose of double-dose vaccine. “People with one dose of double-dose vaccine” category has a small and constantly changing number. The combination will stabilize the results. Spikes, negative numbers and other data anomalies: Due to ongoing data entry and data quality assurance activities in Case and Contact Management system (CCM) file, Public Health Units continually clean up COVID-19, correcting for missing or overcounted cases and deaths. These corrections can result in data spikes, negative numbers and current totals being different from previously reported case and death counts. Public Health Units report cause of death in the CCM based on information available to them at the time of reporting and in accordance with definitions provided by Public Health Ontario. The medical certificate of death is the official record and the cause of death could be different. Deaths are defined per the outcome field in CCM marked as “Fatal”. Deaths in COVID-19 cases identified as unrelated to COVID-19 are not included in the Deaths involving COVID-19 reported. Rates for the most recent days are subject to reporting lags All data reflects totals from 8 p.m. the previous day. This dataset is subject to change.

Canada CA: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data was reported at 4.772 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.585 % for 2015. Canada CA: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data is updated yearly, averaging 4.994 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2019, with 4 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.585 % in 2015 and a record low of 4.549 % in 2000. Canada CA: Cause of Death: by Communicable Diseases & Maternal, Prenatal & Nutrition Conditions: % of Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.;Derived based on the data from Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000-2019. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2020. Link: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-leading-causes-of-death;Weighted average;

Background: This study aimed to present and analyze the causes of death in the Korean population in 2019. Methods: Based on the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, the 10th revision, cause-of-death data for 2019 from Statistics Korea, were examined. Results: There was a total of 295,110 deaths, dropping 3,710 (-1.27%) from 2018. The crude death rate (the number of death per 100,000 people) was 574.8, a 7.6 (-1.3%) reduction from 2018. The 10 leading causes of death, in order, were malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, intentional self-harm, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, liver diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases, and hypertensive diseases. Within the category of malignant neoplasms, the top five leading organs of involvement were the lung, liver, colon, stomach, and pancreas, which were the same to order in 2018. Alzheimer's disease rose to the seventh leading cause of death from the ninth in 2018. It ranked as the female's fifth leading cause of death. Pneumonia became the female's third leading cause of death Conclusion: These changes reflect the increase of female people over 65 years of age, who are vulnerable to cognitive disorders and infectious diseases. The Korean government has to take urgent preventive and therapeutic action against dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease.

In terms of the number of infected people, the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) ranked third among ten major virus outbreaks as of the end of January 2020. The virus, which originated from the Chinese city of Wuhan, has since spread to around 215 countries and territories worldwide.

China searching for disease’s origins The cumulative number of COVID-19 cases in China topped 89,000 on August 11, 2020. The SARS-CoV-2 virus and the infectious disease it causes were unknown before the outbreak began in China in December 2019. Experts from the World Health Organization are now working with Chinese counterparts to identify the origins of the virus. The most common symptoms reported by Chinese patients were fever, dry cough, and fatigue.

The rapid global spread of the virus In March 2020, it was estimated that the SARS-CoV-2 virus had an infection rate of between 1.5 and 3.5, which is higher than other outbreaks that have emerged worldwide in the past two decades. According to early estimates in January 2020, the case fatality rate was around two percent, but the spread of the coronavirus has overwhelmed many countries. The case fatality rate in China was as high as 5.5 percent in mid-April 2020.

Context

In the shadows of the Covid-19 pandemic, there is another global health crisis that has gone largely unnoticed. This is the Noncommunicable Disease (NCD) pandemic.

The WHO website describes NCDs as follows:

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, tend to be of long duration and are the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental and behaviours factors.

The main types of NCDs are cardiovascular diseases (like heart attacks and stroke), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma) and diabetes.

NCDs disproportionately affect people in low- and middle-income countries where more than three quarters of global NCD deaths – 32million – occur.

Key facts:

• Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) kill 41 million people each year, equivalent to 71% of all deaths globally.
• Each year, 15 million people die from a NCD between the ages of 30 and 69 years; over 85% of these "premature" deaths occur in low- and middle-income > * countries.
• Cardiovascular diseases account for most NCD deaths, or 17.9 million people annually, followed by cancers (9.0 million), respiratory diseases (3.9million), and diabetes (1.6 million).
• These 4 groups of diseases account for over 80% of all premature NCD deaths.
• Tobacco use, physical inactivity, the harmful use of alcohol and unhealthy diets all increase the risk of dying from a NCD.
• Detection, screening and treatment of NCDs, as well as palliative care, are key components of the response to NCDs.

Content

This data repository consists of 3 CSV files: WHO-cause-of-death-by-NCD.csv is the main dataset, which provides the percentage of deaths caused by NCDs out of all causes of death, for each nation globally. Metadata_Country.csv and Metadata_Indicator.csv provide additional metadata which is helpful for interpreting the main CSV.

The data collected spans a period from 2000 to 2016. The main CSV has columns for every year from 1960 to 2019. It is advisable to drop all redundant columns where no data was collected.

Furthermore, it is advisable to merge Metadata_Country.csv with the main CSV as it provides valuable additional information, particularly on the economic situation of each nation.

Acknowledgements

This dataset has been extracted from The World Bank 'Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total)' Dataset, derived based on the data from WHO's Global Health Estimates. It is freely provided under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), with the additional terms as stated on the World Bank website: World Bank Terms of Use for Datasets.

Inspiration

I would be interested to see some good data wrangling (dropping redundant columns), as well as kernels interpreting additional information in 'SpecialNotes' column in Metadata_country.csv

It would also be great to see what different factors influence NCDs: most of all, the geopolitical factors. Would be great to see some choropleth visualisations to get an idea of which regions are most affected by NCDs.

As of May 2, 2023, the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) had spread to almost every country in the world, and more than 6.86 million people had died after contracting the respiratory virus. Over 1.16 million of these deaths occurred in the United States.

Waves of infections Almost every country and territory worldwide have been affected by the COVID-19 disease. At the end of 2021 the virus was once again circulating at very high rates, even in countries with relatively high vaccination rates such as the United States and Germany. As rates of new infections increased, some countries in Europe, like Germany and Austria, tightened restrictions once again, specifically targeting those who were not yet vaccinated. However, by spring 2022, rates of new infections had decreased in many countries and restrictions were once again lifted.

What are the symptoms of the virus? It can take up to 14 days for symptoms of the illness to start being noticed. The most commonly reported symptoms are a fever and a dry cough, leading to shortness of breath. The early symptoms are similar to other common viruses such as the common cold and flu. These illnesses spread more during cold months, but there is no conclusive evidence to suggest that temperature impacts the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Medical advice should be sought if you are experiencing any of these symptoms.

BackgroundLower respiratory infections (LRIs) remain one of the most deadly infectious diseases in the world, and non-optimal temperature is a risk factor for LRIs. The aim of this study was to analyze the global burden of LRI attribute to non-optimal temperature and its trends from 1990 to 2019, and to project long-term trends.MethodsExcerpts from the release of the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, which analyses the burden of lower respiratory infections due to non-optimal temperatures from 1990 to 2019 using data on deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs); explores differences across regions, populations and seasons, and projects future trends in burden.ResultsBetween 1990 and 2019, there is a significant downward trend in the global burden of deaths and DALYs, but it remains high in infants and young children, the older adult, African countries and LOW SDI regions. Differences in geographical risk factors and economic levels lead to heterogeneous disease burdens across regions. In 2019, low SDI regions will have the highest burden, but high SDI regions will have the highest number of deaths. In addition, increasing SDI values were associated with decreasing trends in age-standardized mortality rates and disability-adjusted life years. BAPC model projections suggest a downward trend in the future burden of death and DALYs from the disease, but the improvement in the burden of death for women was not significant.ConclusionOur study comprehensively elucidates the distribution and dynamic trends in the burden of lower respiratory tract infections due to non-optimal temperatures from 1990 to 2019 along multiple dimensions. The burden of deaths and DALYs showed an overall decreasing trend, but the improvement was uneven in different regions. In addition, the results suggest that efforts should be made to reduce lower respiratory health losses in infants, young children, and older adult populations. Effective public health policies and interventions to reduce the burden of lower respiratory tract infections should be sustained globally.