In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price of a basket of goods. The most common measure being the consumer price index. It is the percentage rate of change in price level over time, and also indicates the rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money. The annual rate of inflation for 2023, was 4.1 percent higher in the United States when compared to the previous year. More information on inflation and the consumer price index can be found on our dedicated topic page. Additionally, the monthly rate of inflation in the United States can be accessed here. Inflation and purchasing power Inflation is a key economic indicator, and gives economists and consumers alike a look at changes in prices in the wider economy. For example, if an average pair of socks costs 100 dollars one year and 105 dollars the following year, the inflation rate is five percent. This means the amount of goods an individual can purchase with a unit of currency has decreased. This concept is often referred to as purchasing power. The data presents the average rate of inflation in a year, whereas the monthly measure of inflation measures the change in prices compared with prices one year ago. For example, monthly inflation in the U.S. reached a peak in June 2022 at 9.1 percent. This means that prices were 9.1 percent higher than they were in June of 2021. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. The Big Mac Index has been published by The Economist since 1986 and exemplifies purchasing power on a global scale, allowing us to see note the differences between different countries currencies. Switzerland for example, has the most expensive Big Mac in the world, costing consumers 6.71 U.S. dollars as of July 2022, whereas a Big Mac cost 5.15 dollars in the United States, and 4.77 dollars in the Euro area. One of the most important tools in influencing the rate of inflation is interest rates. The Federal Reserve of the United States has the capacity to make changes to the federal interest rate . Changes to the rate of inflation are thought to be an imbalance between supply and demand. After COVID-19 related lockdowns came to an end there was a sudden increase in demand for goods and services with consumers having more funds than usual thanks to reduced spending during lockdown and government funded economic support. Additionally, supply-chain related bottlenecks also due to lockdowns around the world and the Russian invasion of Ukraine meant that there was a decrease in the supply of goods and services. By increasing the interest rate, the Federal Reserve aims to reduce spending, and thus bring demand back into balance with supply.

In 2024, Japan's core Consumer Price Index (CPI) for all items, excluding fresh food, grew by *** percent year on year. The highest price level increase since 1990 was recorded in **** at *** percent.

Harmonised Inflation Rate YoY in Sweden increased to 3.10 percent in July from 2.90 percent in June of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Sweden Harmonised Inflation Rate YoY.

Graph and download economic data for Inflation, consumer prices for the United States (FPCPITOTLZGUSA) from 1960 to 2024 about consumer, CPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

In 2024, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for all items in Japan rose by *** percent year on year. The core inflation rate, excluding fresh food, was *** percent.

Inflation 1.5-2.5%: 35 years of historical data from 1990 to 2025.

Harmonised Inflation Rate MoM in France decreased to 0.30 percent in July from 0.40 percent in June of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for France Harmonised Inflation Rate MoM.

Harmonised Inflation Rate MoM in Italy decreased to -1 percent in July from 0.20 percent in June of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Italy Harmonised Inflation Rate MoM.

Argentina AR: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data was reported at 135.369 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 69.876 % for 2022. Argentina AR: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data is updated yearly, averaging 21.615 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,078.317 % in 1990 and a record low of -3.561 % in 1993. Argentina AR: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Argentina – Table AR.World Bank.WDI: Inflation. Inflation as measured by the annual growth rate of the GDP implicit deflator shows the rate of price change in the economy as a whole. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years.;World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.;;

Inflation, average consumer prices, Annual percent change (IMF) 1990-2018

Historical (real-time) releases of the measures of core inflation, with data from 1989 (not all combinations necessarily have data for all years). Data are presented for the current release and previous four releases. Users can select other releases that are of interest to them.

Inflation, monthly percent change in the CPI in Brazil, June, 2025 The most recent value is 0.24 percent as of June 2025, a decline compared to the previous value of 0.26 percent. Historically, the average for Brazil from December 1988 to June 2025 is 4.66 percent. The minimum of -0.68 percent was recorded in July 2022, while the maximum of 82.18 percent was reached in March 1990. | TheGlobalEconomy.com

Graph and download economic data for Inflation Between 0 and 1.5 Percent (STLPPMLOW) from Jan 1990 to Jul 2025 about percent, inflation, price, and USA.

Inflation, average consumer prices, Annual percent change (IMF) 1990-2017

Harmonised Inflation Rate MoM in Finland increased to 0.30 percent in July from -0.20 percent in June of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Finland Harmonised Inflation Rate MoM.

Taux d'inflation harmonisé sur un mois en Suède a diminué à 0,30 pour cent en juillet contre 0,60 pour cent en juin 2025. Cette dataset comprend un graphique avec des données historiques pour le taux d'inflation harmonisé MoM de la Suède.

Poland's CPI inflation rate has been rising steadily since 2018. In 2022, prices of goods and services increased by **** percent y/y. The highest inflation level was recorded during the period of political system transformation. In 1990, the inflation rate was nearly *** percent. The inflation slowed down in 2024, reaching *** percent.

Historical chart and dataset showing France inflation rate by year from 1960 to 2024.

Historical chart and dataset showing Malaysia inflation rate by year from 1960 to 2024.

In January 2025, prices had increased by three percent compared to January 2024 according to the 12-month percentage change in the consumer price index — the monthly inflation rate for goods and services in the United States. The data represents U.S. city averages. In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. A projection of the annual U.S. inflation rate can be accessed here and the actual annual inflation rate since 1990 can be accessed here. InflationOne of the most important economic indicators is the development of the Consumer Price Index in a country. The change in this price level of goods and services is defined as the rate of inflation. The inflationary situation in the United States had been relatively severe in 2022 due to global events relating to COVID-19, supply chain restrains, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. More information on U.S. inflation may be found on our dedicated topic page. The annual inflation rate in the United States has increased from 3.2 percent in 2011 to 8.3 percent in 2022. This means that the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar has weakened in recent years. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. According to the data published by the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) was about 258.84 in 2020 and is forecasted to grow up to 325.6 by 2027, compared to the base period from 1982 to 1984. The monthly percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for urban consumers in the United States was 0.1 percent in March 2023 compared to the previous month. In 2022, countries all around the world are experienced high levels of inflation. Although Brazil already had an inflation rate of 8.3 percent in 2021, compared to the previous year, while the inflation rate in China stood at 0.85 percent.