This statistic shows the unadjusted annual inflation rate and monetary base growth rate in the United States from 1960 to 2019. Historic data is shown in 3-year increments. In 2019, prices went up by 1.6 percent compared to 2018. In the same time frame, the monetary base decreased by approximately 0.8 percent.

Money Supply M2 in the United States increased to 21942 USD Billion in May from 21862.40 USD Billion in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In 2023, the money supply in Vietnam amounted to approximately **** percent, indicating an increase from the previous year. In that year, Vietnam recorded an inflation rate of *** percent.

Money Supply M0 in the United States increased to 5748600 USD Million in June from 5648700 USD Million in May of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M0 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for Monetary Base: Total (BOGMBASE) from Jan 1959 to Jun 2025 about monetary base and USA.

The Eurozone's money supply has experienced significant growth over the past two decades, with the M2 measure reaching approximately 15.6 trillion euros by the end of 2024. This substantial increase from 4.6 trillion euros in 2001 reflects the expanding monetary base in the euro area. However, 2023 marked a notable deviation from this trend, as it was the first year in the observed period where the money supply in the euro area decreased. Components of money supply M2 is a broader measure of money supply that includes cash, checking deposits, and convertible near money. It encompasses the more narrow M1 measure, which consists of the most liquid components, such as currency in circulation and overnight deposits. As of December 2024, the Eurozone's M1 money supply stood at 10.57 trillion euros, while M2 reached 15.6 trillion euros. These figures are used by central banks to forecast inflation and interest rates, playing a crucial role in shaping monetary policy. Comparison with other regions While the Eurozone has seen steady growth in its money supply, other major economies have experienced their own unique trajectories. In the United States, for instance, the M2 money supply reached 20.86 trillion U.S. dollars in 2023, showing a slight decrease from the previous year. Both the Eurozone and the U.S. saw exceptional increases in their money supply during 2020, largely due to quantitative easing measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This global economic event had a profound impact on monetary policies across different regions, influencing the money supply dynamics worldwide.

This dataset supports the research exploring the impact of monetary policy instruments on the Colombian economy, focusing on the classical dichotomy and monetary neutrality. The analysis delves into how monetary policy, including instruments such as interest rates and money supply, influences both nominal and real variables in the economy. It also highlights the relationship between monetary policy and economic stability, particularly how central banks manage inflation and economic growth. Key sections explore the separation between nominal and real variables as explained by the classical dichotomy, and the principle of monetary neutrality, which argues that changes in money supply affect nominal variables without impacting real economic factors.

The dataset is structured around a combination of theoretical insights and simulations that analyze the effectiveness of monetary neutrality in the Colombian context, given both domestic and international economic challenges such as the war in Ukraine and agricultural sector disruptions. Through simulations, the dataset demonstrates the effects of monetary expansion on variables like inflation, production, and employment, providing a framework for understanding current economic trends and proposing solutions to socio-economic challenges in Colombia.

Money Supply M2 in China decreased to 329940 CNY Billion in July from 330332.50 CNY Billion in June of 2025. This dataset provides - China Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Graph and download economic data for Real M2 Money Stock (M2REAL) from Jan 1959 to Jun 2025 about M2, monetary aggregates, real, and USA.

The Eurozone's M1 money supply - consisting of currency in circulation and overnight deposits - reached 10.57 trillion euros in December 2024, showing a modest increase from the previous year. M1, known as "narrow money," represents the most liquid components of the money supply. M2 money supply M2 is the calculation of the money supply, which includes cash, checking deposits and convertible near money. Considered broad money, the money supply M2 includes M1. The measurement is used as a factor in forecasting inflation and interest rates and is used by central banks in creating and regulating policies. At the end of 2024, the value of the M2 money supply in the euro area amounted to approximately 15.6 trillion euros. M3 money supply M3, called "broad money" is the sum of M1 (currency in circulation and overnight deposits), M2 (M1 plus deposits with a maximum maturity of two years and deposits redeemable at notice of three months) and marketable instruments issued by Monetary Financial Institutions such as repurchase instruments or money market fund units. The value of M3 money supply in the euro area was valued at 16.7 trillion euros as of December 2024.

The Federal Reserve's balance sheet has undergone significant changes since 2007, reflecting its response to major economic crises. From a modest *** trillion U.S. dollars at the end of 2007, it ballooned to approximately **** trillion U.S. dollars by July 2025. This dramatic expansion, particularly during the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic - both of which resulted in negative annual GDP growth in the U.S. - showcases the Fed's crucial role in stabilizing the economy through expansionary monetary policies. Impact on inflation and interest rates The Fed's expansionary measures, while aimed at stimulating economic growth, have had notable effects on inflation and interest rates. Following the quantitative easing in 2020, inflation in the United States reached ***** percent in 2022, the highest since 1991. However, by *********, inflation had declined to *** percent. Concurrently, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of interest rate hikes, with the rate peaking at **** percent in ***********, before the first rate cut since ************** occurred in **************. Financial implications for the Federal Reserve The expansion of the Fed's balance sheet and subsequent interest rate hikes have had significant financial implications. In 2023, the Fed reported a negative net income of ***** billion U.S. dollars, a stark contrast to the ***** billion U.S. dollars profit in 2022. This unprecedented shift was primarily due to rapidly rising interest rates, which caused the Fed's interest expenses to soar to over *** billion U.S. dollars in 2023. Despite this, the Fed's net interest income on securities acquired through open market operations reached a record high of ****** billion U.S. dollars in the same year.

At the end of 2024, the M2 broad money supply in China amounted to over *** trillion yuan. Broad money supply had been growing consistently over the years. However, the overall growth rate of all money supply had been decreasing. Money is not money? In economic theory, the money supply describes the volume of currency that exists in a country. Even though it might sound counterintuitive, there are different types of money. For example, cash, saving deposits, or other liquid assets are then divided into tiers from M1 to M3. Thereby, M2 money or broad money comprised of cash and assets that can easily be converted into cash. The main application of M2 money is making payments and economic transactions. For mainstream economists, the volume of M1 and M2 money can indicate inflation. The mysterious case of money expansion in China The post-pandemic economic recovery has not materialized as the growth in the M2 money supply would have indicated in China. As a consequence of global anti-COVID-19 measures, China’s economic growth fell far below the country’s development targets. After another underperforming year in 2022, the M2 money supply grew by almost ** percent in the first quarter of 2023, but the GDP increased only by *** percent, which indicated that the money does not reach the real economy. Therefore, the Chinese economy could be in a liquidity trap or a balance sheet recession.

Money Supply M2 In the Euro Area decreased to 15710290 EUR Million in June from 15736686 EUR Million in May of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Euro Area Money Supply M2 - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Graph and download economic data for Monetary Aggregates and Their Components: Broad Money and Components: M3 for United States (MABMM301USM189S) from Jan 1960 to Nov 2023 about M3, broad, monetary aggregates, and USA.

Inflation in the table below is defined as the percent change in the CPI from the same month last year. The first column of numbers shows the latest value available from the national authorities and the next two columns show the levels of annual inflation three months and one year prior to the latest release. The data are updated daily. Over long stretches of time - typically years - inflation is a byproduct of the expansion of money supply. In the short run the inflation rate fluctuates with economic growth as recessions slow down the increase in prices and rapid output growth accelerates it. Shits in exchange rates, commodity prices, and natural phenomena like droughts also have an impact. Over time, however, these factors have only a transitory effect and the only variable that matters is money supply growth. The control of inflation is delegated to central banks that typically try to balance between relatively low inflation and low unemployment. For more, you can read our articles about optimal inflation and the causes of inflation in the short run and the long run.

Money Supply M2 in Argentina increased to 80951444.70 ARS Million in June from 75109168.80 ARS Million in May of 2025. This dataset provides - Argentina Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Summary of data from empirical research.

The data and programs replicate tables and figures from "From Hyperinflation to Stable Prices: Argentina's Evidence on Menu Cost Models", by Alvarez, Beraja, Gonzalez-Rozada, and Neumeyer. Please see the Readme file for additional details.

This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

Does S&P 500 beat inflation?

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

View data of the frequency at which one unit of currency purchases domestically produced goods and services within a given time period.