The data includes the following information for various tax credits and benefits: * maximum amounts * income ranges * phase-out rates Each year the maximum amounts and income ranges for certain credits and benefits are adjusted for inflation. You can download the dataset to view these adjustments.

SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS INCOME AND BENEFITS (IN 2021 2022 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) - DP03 Universe - Total households Survey-Program - American Community Survey 5-year estimates Years - 2020, 2021, 2022 Total income is the sum of the amounts reported separately for wage or salary income; net self-employment income; interest, dividends, or net rental or royalty income or income from estates and trusts; Social Security or Railroad Retirement income; Supplemental Security Income (SSI); public assistance or welfare payments; retirement, survivor, or disability pensions; and all other income. Receipts from the following sources are not included as income: capital gains, money received from the sale of property (unless the recipient was engaged in the business of selling such property); the value of income “in kind” from food stamps, public housing subsidies, medical care, employer contributions for individuals, etc.; withdrawal of bank deposits; money borrowed; tax refunds; exchange of money between relatives living in the same household; gifts and lump-sum inheritances, insurance payments, and other types of lump sum receipts.

This is the replication package for "The benefits of forecasting inflation with machine learning: New evidence" by A. Naghi, E. O'Neill, and M. Zaharieva, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 2023, forthcoming. The readme file contains a detailed description of the data and how to replicate the results. The zipped folder contains all data sets CSV, text, and Rdata formats. The zipped folder also contains the R scripts required to replicate the results.

Graph and download economic data for Employment Cost Index: Benefits: State and Local Government: All Workers (ECIGVTBEN) from Q1 2001 to Q1 2025 about state & local, ECI, benefits, workers, government, inflation, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Employment Cost Index: Benefits: Private Industry Workers: Manufacturing (ECIMANBEN) from Q1 2001 to Q1 2025 about ECI, benefits, workers, private industries, private, manufacturing, industry, inflation, and USA.

In 2022, more than 60 percent of Poles stated that the Family 500+ benefit should be indexed for inflation every year.

Graph and download economic data for Employment Cost Index: Benefits: Private Industry Workers: Service Occupations (ECISRVBEN) from Q1 2002 to Q1 2025 about ECI, occupation, benefits, workers, private industries, services, private, industry, inflation, and USA.

What are the effects of a higher central bank inflation target on the burden of real public debt? Several recent proposals have suggested that even a moderate increase in the inflation target can have a pronounced effect on real public debt. We consider this question in a New Keynesian model with a maturity structure of public debt and an imperfectly observed inflation target. We find that moderate changes in the inflation target only have significant effects on real public debt if they are essentially permanent. Moreover, the additional benefits of not communicating a change in the inflation target are minor.

SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS INCOME AND BENEFITS (IN 2021 2022 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) - DP03 Universe - Total households Survey-Program - American Community Survey 5-year estimates Years - 2020, 2021, 2022 Total income is the sum of the amounts reported separately for wage or salary income; net self-employment income; interest, dividends, or net rental or royalty income or income from estates and trusts; Social Security or Railroad Retirement income; Supplemental Security Income (SSI); public assistance or welfare payments; retirement, survivor, or disability pensions; and all other income. Receipts from the following sources are not included as income: capital gains, money received from the sale of property (unless the recipient was engaged in the business of selling such property); the value of income “in kind” from food stamps, public housing subsidies, medical care, employer contributions for individuals, etc.; withdrawal of bank deposits; money borrowed; tax refunds; exchange of money between relatives living in the same household; gifts and lump-sum inheritances, insurance payments, and other types of lump sum receipts.

The data includes the following information for various tax credits and benefits: * maximum amounts * income ranges * phase-out rates Each year the maximum amounts and income ranges for certain credits and benefits are adjusted for inflation. You can download the dataset to view these adjustments.

Inflation can cause costly misallocations of resources as consumers seek to protect the purchasing power of their nominal assets. This research deals with the nature of these distortions, known as "shoe-leather costs," in a model where the demand for money is motivated by a shopping-time constraint. While the estimates of the shoe-leather costs of long-run inflation (implied by this model) are generally consistent with previous studies, the research shows that the transition between inflation rates can involve dynamics that alter the nature of these welfare effects. Specifically, the benefits of a disinflation policy are mitigated by the gradual adjustment of the economy in response to a lower inflation rate. This transition can be particularly protracted when there is uncertainty about the credibility of the disinflation policy.

The statistic shows the inflation rate in India from 1987 to 2024, with projections up until 2030. The inflation rate is calculated using the price increase of a defined product basket. This product basket contains products and services, on which the average consumer spends money throughout the year. They include expenses for groceries, clothes, rent, power, telecommunications, recreational activities and raw materials (e.g. gas, oil), as well as federal fees and taxes. In 2024, the inflation rate in India was around 4.67 percent compared to the previous year. See figures on India's economic growth for additional information. India's inflation rate and economy Inflation is generally defined as the increase of prices of goods and services over a certain period of time, as opposed to deflation, which describes a decrease of these prices. Inflation is a significant economic indicator for a country. The inflation rate is the rate at which the general rise in the level of prices, goods and services in an economy occurs and how it affects the cost of living of those living in a particular country. It influences the interest rates paid on savings and mortgage rates but also has a bearing on levels of state pensions and benefits received. A 4 percent increase in the rate of inflation in 2011 for example would mean an individual would need to spend 4 percent more on the goods he was purchasing than he would have done in 2010. India’s inflation rate has been on the rise over the last decade. However, it has been decreasing slightly since 2010. India’s economy, however, has been doing quite well, with its GDP increasing steadily for years, and its national debt decreasing. The budget balance in relation to GDP is not looking too good, with the state deficit amounting to more than 9 percent of GDP.

Consumer price indexes (CPIs) are index numbers that measure changes in the prices of goods and services purchased or otherwise acquired by households, which households use directly, or indirectly, to satisfy their own needs and wants. In practice, most CPIs are calculated as weighted averages of the percentage price changes for a specified set, or ‘‘basket’’, of consumer products, the weights reflecting their relative importance in household consumption in some period. CPIs are widely used to index pensions and social security benefits. CPIs are also used to index other payments, such as interest payments or rents, or the prices of bonds. CPIs are also commonly used as a proxy for the general rate of inflation, even though they measure only consumer inflation. They are used by some governments or central banks to set inflation targets for purposes of monetary policy. The price data collected for CPI purposes can also be used to compile other indices, such as the price indices used to deflate household consumption expenditures in national accounts, or the purchasing power parities used to compare real levels of consumption in different countries.

In an effort to further coordinate and harmonize the collection of CPI data, the international organizations agreed that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) would assume responsibility for the international collection and dissemination of national CPI data. Under this data collection initiative, countries are reporting the aggregate all items index; more detailed indexes and weights for 12 subgroups of consumption expenditure (according to the so-called COICOP-classification), and detailed metadata. These detailed data represent a valuable resource for data users throughout the world and this portal would not be possible without the ongoing cooperation of all reporting countries. In this effort, the OECD collects and validates the data for their member countries, including accession and key partner countries, whereas the IMF takes care of the collection of data for all other countries.

Potential output plays a central role in monetary policy and short-term macroeconomic policy making. Yet, characterizing the output gap involves a trend-cycle decomposition, and unobserved component estimates are typically subject to a large uncertainty at the sample end. An important consequence is that output gap estimates can be quite inaccurate in real time, as recently highlighted by Orphanides and van Norden (2002), and this causes a serious problem for policy makers. For the cases of the US, EU-11 and two EU countries, we evaluate the benefits of using inflation data for improving the accuracy of real-time estimates.

The global nitrogen tire inflator market is experiencing robust growth, projected to reach a market size of $78 million in 2025 and maintain a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.5% from 2025 to 2033. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. The increasing awareness among vehicle owners and fleet managers about the benefits of nitrogen inflation, including improved tire pressure retention, enhanced fuel efficiency, and extended tire lifespan, is driving significant demand. Furthermore, stringent emission regulations globally are pushing for fuel-efficient vehicles, indirectly boosting the adoption of nitrogen tire inflators. The automotive industry's continuous innovation in tire technology and the rise of electric vehicles (EVs), which are particularly sensitive to tire pressure fluctuations, are further contributing to market growth. The market is segmented by type (manual, semi-automatic, automatic) and application (passenger cars, motorcycles, buses, trucks, others). The automatic segment is expected to dominate due to its convenience and precision, while the passenger car segment holds the largest application share, reflecting the high volume of passenger vehicles globally. Growth will likely be geographically diverse, with North America and Europe maintaining significant market shares, while the Asia-Pacific region is expected to witness substantial expansion driven by the growing automotive sector in countries like China and India. Competitive landscape analysis reveals a mix of established players like Bosch and emerging companies such as Karjoys and NitroFill. These companies are focusing on product innovation, expanding distribution networks, and strategic partnerships to strengthen their market positions. Future market growth will depend on factors such as technological advancements in inflator designs, the integration of smart features, and the development of cost-effective solutions to cater to a wider consumer base. Continued regulatory support for fuel efficiency and tire safety standards will also significantly impact market trajectory. While challenges such as initial higher costs compared to traditional air inflation methods may persist, the long-term benefits of nitrogen inflation are likely to outweigh these concerns, leading to sustained market growth in the forecast period.

Inflation Devices Market Outlook

The global inflation devices market size was estimated to be USD 500 million in 2023 and is projected to reach approximately USD 850 million by 2032, growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.2% during the forecast period. The primary factors driving the growth of this market include advancements in minimally invasive surgical procedures, an increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, and a rising demand for technologically advanced devices.

One of the main growth factors of the inflation devices market is the rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, which are among the leading causes of death globally. Technological advancements in medical devices have significantly improved patient outcomes in procedures like angioplasty, where inflation devices are essential. The increasing number of such procedures, driven by a growing elderly population and unhealthy lifestyle choices, is expected to fuel the demand for these devices. Furthermore, the continuous development and adoption of minimally invasive surgical techniques, which utilize inflation devices, are boosting market growth.

Another critical factor contributing to the expansion of the inflation devices market is the increasing investment in healthcare infrastructure, particularly in emerging economies. Governments and private entities are increasingly investing in advanced medical facilities, which in turn raises the demand for sophisticated medical devices like inflation devices. Additionally, the rising awareness about the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment of various diseases is propelling the market. Educational initiatives and health campaigns have played an essential role in increasing the number of diagnostic and surgical procedures, thereby augmenting the utilization of inflation devices.

Moreover, innovations in material science and engineering have led to the development of more efficient and durable inflation devices. Devices with enhanced accuracy, safety, and ease of use are finding favor among healthcare professionals, thereby driving their adoption. The focus on patient safety and the need for precise control during procedures have resulted in widespread acceptance of advanced inflation devices. This trend is expected to continue as manufacturers invest in research and development to create even more sophisticated devices.

The advent of the Digital Inflation Device has marked a significant milestone in the evolution of inflation devices. These devices integrate digital technology to provide enhanced precision and control during medical procedures. By offering real-time feedback and data analytics, digital inflation devices empower healthcare professionals to make informed decisions, thereby improving patient outcomes. The incorporation of digital interfaces also facilitates easier operation and reduces the likelihood of human error, making these devices highly desirable in complex surgical environments. As the healthcare industry continues to embrace digital transformation, the demand for digital inflation devices is expected to rise, further propelling the growth of the inflation devices market.

Regionally, North America is expected to dominate the inflation devices market, owing to its well-established healthcare infrastructure, high adoption rate of advanced medical technologies, and significant healthcare expenditure. Europe follows closely due to similar factors, along with robust government support for healthcare innovation. The Asia Pacific region is anticipated to witness the highest growth rate due to increasing healthcare investments, a large patient pool, and rising awareness about advanced medical treatments. Latin America and Middle East & Africa are also expected to experience steady growth, driven by improving healthcare facilities and economic development.

Product Type Analysis

The product type segment of the inflation devices market can be broadly categorized into balloon inflation devices, syringe inflation devices, and others. Balloon inflation devices hold the largest share in this segment due to their widespread use in cardiovascular and interventional procedures. These devices are preferred by healthcare professionals for their precision and ease of use. The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, coupled with a rise in the number of angioplasty and other i

Health and Medical Insurance Market Outlook

The global health and medical insurance market size was valued at approximately $2.8 trillion in 2023 and is projected to reach around $4.5 trillion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.4% during the forecast period. This robust growth can be attributed to a combination of factors, including rising healthcare costs, increasing awareness about the importance of health insurance, and an aging global population. The market's expansion is further supported by technological advancements that streamline the insurance process and enhance customer experience.

One of the primary growth drivers in this market is the escalating cost of healthcare services worldwide. Medical inflation is outpacing general inflation, leading to higher out-of-pocket expenses for individuals. This has created a significant demand for health and medical insurance as a financial safety net. Furthermore, advancements in medical technology and the introduction of new treatment methods are contributing to higher healthcare costs, which in turn boosts the demand for insurance coverage. Governments and private entities are increasingly collaborating to make health insurance more accessible and affordable, thus driving market growth.

Another crucial factor contributing to the market's growth is the increasing awareness and understanding of health insurance benefits among the global population. With the proliferation of information through digital media and government initiatives, more people are becoming aware of the financial and health security that insurance provides. Educational campaigns and policy reforms are playing a pivotal role in educating the masses about the necessity of health insurance, thereby leading to higher enrollment rates. Additionally, employers are also recognizing the importance of offering health benefits to their employees, which further adds to the market's growth.

The aging global population is another significant driver for the health and medical insurance market. As the population ages, the prevalence of chronic diseases and the need for long-term care increase. Older adults are more likely to require frequent medical attention, making health insurance a crucial component of their financial planning. This demographic shift is particularly pronounced in developed countries, but emerging markets are also beginning to experience similar trends. Consequently, insurance providers are developing specialized products to cater to the needs of an aging population, thereby expanding their customer base.

Regionally, the market growth is expected to vary significantly. North America currently dominates the market, thanks to high healthcare costs, comprehensive insurance plans, and government mandates like the Affordable Care Act. However, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period. This can be attributed to improving economic conditions, increased healthcare spending, and growing awareness about health insurance. Countries like China and India are implementing extensive healthcare reforms, making insurance more accessible to their vast populations. Europe and Latin America are also expected to show steady growth, supported by government initiatives and increasing private sector participation.

Type Analysis

The health and medical insurance market can be segmented by type into individual health insurance, family health insurance, critical illness insurance, and others. Individual health insurance plans are designed to cover a single person, offering customized coverage based on personal health needs. This segment is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing number of self-employed individuals and freelancers who require personal health coverage. Additionally, the rise in single-person households is contributing to the demand for individual health insurance plans.

Family health insurance plans cover the entire family under a single policy. These plans are becoming increasingly popular as they offer comprehensive coverage for all family members, often at a lower cost compared to purchasing individual policies for each member. The convenience and cost-effectiveness of family health insurance plans are driving their adoption, especially among young families who are looking to secure their health future. Moreover, insurers are offering flexible plans that can be tailored to meet the specific health needs of families, further boosting this segment.

Critical illness insurance is another vital segment

This paper is aimed at investigating the effects of government intervention through unemployment benefits on macroeconomic dynamics in an agent based decentralized matching framework. The major result is that the presence of such a public intervention in the economy stabilizes the aggregate demand and the financial conditions of the system at the cost of a modest increase of both the inflation rate and the ratio between public deficit and nominal GDP. The successful action of the public sector is sustained by the central bank which is committed to buy outstanding government securities.

The FAOSTAT monthly Food CPI and General CPI database was based on the ILO CPI data until December 2014. In 2014, IMF-ILO-FAO agreed to transfer global CPI data compilation from ILO to IMF. Upon agreement, CPIs for all items and its sub components originates from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the UN Statistics Division(UNSD) for countries not covered by the IMF. However, due to a limited time coverage from IMF and UNSD for a number of countries, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Central Bank of Western African States (BCEAO), Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB), UNdata, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and national statistical office website data are used for missing historical data from IMF and UNSD food CPI. The FAO CPI dataset for all items(or general CPI) and the Food CPI, consists of a complete and consistent set of time series from January 2000 onwards. Data gaps on monthly Food CPI and General CPI are filled using statistical estimation procedures to have full data coverage for all countries for Food CPI and for General CPI. These indices measure the price change between the current and reference periods of the average basket of goods and services purchased by households. The General CPI is typically used to measure and monitor inflation, set monetary policy targets, index social benefits such as pensions and unemployment benefits, and to escalate thresholds and credits in the income tax systems and wages in public and private wage contracts. The FAOSTAT monthly Food CPI inflation rates are annual year-over-year inflation or percentage change over corresponding month of the previous year. The data included in Data360 is a subset of the data available from the source. Please refer to the source for complete data and methodology details. This collection includes only a subset of indicators from the source dataset.

We examine how the accuracy of real-time forecasts from models that include autoregressive terms can be improved by estimating the models on lightly revised data instead of using data from the latest-available vintage. The benefits of estimating autoregressive models on lightly revised data are related to the nature of the data revision process and the underlying process for the true values. Empirically, we find improvements in root mean square forecasting error of 2-4% when forecasting output growth and inflation with univariate models, and of 8% with multivariate models. We show that multiple-vintage models, which explicitly model data revisions, require large estimation samples to deliver competitive forecasts.