The European Central Bank (ECB) and the Center for Inflation Research at the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland hosted the Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics 2025 Conference on September 29–30 in person at the ECB. This annual conference brought together top researchers and policymakers from academia, central banks, and other policy institutions to present research findings related to inflation

The Center for Inflation Research at the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and the European Central Bank (ECB) hosted the Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics 2024 conference October 24–25. It brought together top researchers from academia, central banks, and other policy institutions to present research findings related to inflation.

The Center for Inflation Research at the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and the European Central Bank (ECB) hosted the Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics 2023 Conference on August 31–September 1 in person in Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

The Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland’s Center for Inflation Research and the European Central Bank (ECB) hosted the Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics Conference 2022 on September 29–30.

Supplementary material (Figures and Tables) of the paper published in Acta Oeconomica ABSTRACT Measurement of the performances of inflation targeting (IT) frameworks has been of interest to researchers ever since IT began to be implemented as a monetary policy strategy. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of domestic and international determinants on success in achieving inflation targets of the selected European economies. Our methodological framework is based on the application of a non-stationary discrete choice model. For this research, four European economies are considered: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Serbia. Their results regarding IT policy can provide a useful benchmark for similar economies that are either planning to adopt the same monetary policy framework or have begun to apply it recently. Our findings indicate that IT success is primarily under the control of monetary policymakers by key policy rate mechanism, but that the impact of additional domestic and international factors that are not easily managed by the central bank like budget balance, exchange rate, growth rate, current account balance, labor cost growth, loans, Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices, inflation, and GDP gap of the Eurozone, can be also significant. Consequently, monetary policymakers need to take into account a wide range of inflation factors, including foreign spillover effects, so that tools for their neutralization can be helpful in achieving the targeted goals.

As of 2022, ** percent of Gen Z drivers traveled shorter distances by car due to rising prices of petrol, while ** percent of Boomer drivers said the same. On average, almost one third of the drivers worldwide decided to take public transportation instead of driving their car to save some money.

The European Central Bank (ECB) and the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland’s Center for Inflation Research held the Inflation: Drivers and Dynamics Conference 2021 virtually on October 7–8.

As of April 2025, the inflation rate in the European Union was 2.4 percent, with prices rising fastest in Romania, which had an inflation rate of 4.9 percent. By contrast, both France and Cyprus saw low inflation rates during the same period, with France having the lowest inflation rate in the EU during this month. The rate of inflation in the EU in the October 2022 was higher than at any other time, with the peak prior to 2021 recorded in July 2008 when prices were growing by 4.4 percent year-on-year. Before the recent rises in inflation, price rises in the EU had been kept at relatively low levels, with the inflation rate remaining below three percent between January 2012 and August 2021. Rapid recovery and energy costs driving inflation The reopening of the European economy in 2021 following the sudden shock of COVID-19 in 2020 is behind many of the factors that have caused prices to rise so quickly in 2022. Global supply chains have not yet recovered from production issues, travel restrictions, and workforce problems brought about by the pandemic. Rising energy costs have only served to exacerbate supply problems, particularly with regard to the transport sector, which had the highest inflation rate of any sector in the EU in December 2021. High inflation rates mirrored in the U.S. The high inflation rates seen in Europe have been reflected in other parts of the world. In the United States, for example, the consumer price index reached a 40-year-high of seven percent in December 2021, influenced by many of the same factors driving European inflation. Nevertheless, it is hoped that once these supply chain issues ease, inflation levels will start to fall throughout the course of 2022.

Core consumer prices in the United States increased 3 percent in September of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - United States Core Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Although headline inflation has slowed in recent months, inflation for core services has remained elevated since the first half of 2021. Inflation for food services in particular has been significantly higher than inflation for goods and other services. We argue that food services inflation has been elevated by the sector’s fast rebound in expenditures and its high dependency on labor amid labor shortages and elevated labor costs.

In 2024, the annual inflation rate for the United Kingdom was 2.5 percent, with the average rate for 2025 predicted to rise to 3.2 percent, revised upwards from an earlier prediction of 2.6 percent. The UK has only recently recovered from a period of elevated inflation, which saw the CPI rate reach 9.1 percent in 2022, and 7.3 percent in 2023. Despite an uptick in inflation expected in 2025, the inflation rate is expected to fall to 2.1 percent in 2026, and two percent between 2027 and 2029. UK inflation crisis Between 2021 and 2023, inflation surged in the UK, reaching a 41-year-high of 11.1 percent in October 2022. Although inflation fell to more usual levels by 2024, prices in the UK had already increased by over 20 percent relative to the start of the crisis. The two main drivers of price increases during this time were food and energy inflation, two of the main spending areas of UK households. Although food and energy prices came down quite sharply in 2023, underlying core inflation, which measures prices rises without food and energy, remained slightly above the headline inflation rate throughout 2024, suggesting some aspects of inflation had become embedded in the UK economy. Inflation rises across in the world in 2022 The UK was not alone in suffering from runaway inflation over the last few years. From late 2021 onwards, various factors converged to encourage a global acceleration of prices, leading to the ongoing inflation crisis. Blocked-up supply chains were one of the main factors as the world emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic. This was followed by energy and food inflation skyrocketing after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Central bank interest rates were raised globally in response to the problem, possibly putting an end to the era of cheap money that has defined monetary policy since the financial crash of 2008.

The food inflation in India fell to ***** percent year-on-year in July 2025. In 2024, the food inflation peaked in October at about ** percent. Impact of inflation Inflation is a key economic indicator of an economy, influencing purchasing power, investments, and economic growth. The rise in food prices, which comprise about **** of the consumer price index (CPI) basket, affects large sections of the Indian population. Supply chain disruptions, increased cost of production, global market dependency, weather conditions, and government policies on minimum support prices are some reasons leading to food inflation. TOP drivers of food inflation Price-sensitive vegetables viz. tomato, onion, and potato (TOP) were the leading drivers of food inflation as per the Economic Survey for the financial year 2025. Experts argue that price pressures are not mainly due to a shortfall in production but post-harvest losses, seasonal production, and regional dispersion in production.  

In September 2025, the UK inflation rate for goods was 2.9 percent and 4.7 percent for services. Prices for goods accelerated significantly, sharply between 2021 and 2022, before falling in 2023. By comparison, prices for services initially grew at a more moderate rate but have also not fallen as quickly. The overall CPI inflation rate for the UK reached a recent high of 11.1 percent in October 2022 and remained in double figures until April 2023, when it fell to 8.7 percent. As of this month, the UK's inflation rate was 3.6 percent, up from 3.4 percent in the previous month. Sectors driving high inflation In late 2024, communication was the sector with the highest inflation rate, with prices increasing by 6.1 percent as of December 2024. During the recent period of high inflation that eased in 2023, food and energy prices were particular high, with housing and energy inflation far higher than in any other sector, peaking at 26.6 percent towards the end of 2022. High food and energy prices since 2021 have been one of the main causes of the cost of living crisis in the UK, especially for low-income households that spend a higher share of their income on these categories. This is likely one of the factors driving increasing food bank usage in the UK, which saw approximately 3.12 million people use a food bank in 2023/24, compared with 1.9 million just before the COVID-19 pandemic. The global inflation crisis The UK has not been alone in suffering rapid price increases since 2021. After the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, a series of economic and geopolitical shocks had a dramatic impact on the global economy. A global supply chain crisis failed to meet rising demand in 2021, leading to the beginning of an Inflation Crisis, which was only exacerbated by Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. The war directly influenced the prices of food and energy, as both countries were major exporters of important crops. European imports of hydrocarbons from Russia were also steadily reduced throughout 2022 and 2023, resulting in higher energy prices throughout the year.

Corporate profits rose quickly in 2021 along with inflation, raising concerns about corporations driving up prices to increase profits. Although corporate profits indeed contributed to inflation in 2021, their contribution fell in 2022. This pattern is not unusual: in previous economic recoveries, corporate profits were the main contributor to inflation in the first year and displaced by costs in the second year.

UAE Automotive Automatic Tire Inflation System market valued at USD 95 million, driven by safety regulations, fuel efficiency, and tech advancements in commercial vehicles.

In 2025, the average annual inflation rate for the United Kingdom is expected to 3.5 percent, with the average rate for 2026 predicted to fall to 2.5 percent. Inflation in the UK increased at a faster rate than expected, with the rate revised upwards from an earlier prediction of 3.2 percent. Like many countries, the UK has only recently recovered from a period of elevated inflation, which saw the CPI rate reach 9.1 percent in 2022, and 7.3 percent in 2023. Despite the recent uptick in 2025, the inflation rate is expected to fall to 2.5 percent in 2026, and to two percent between 2027 and 2029. UK inflation crisis Between 2021 and 2023, inflation surged in the UK, reaching a 41-year-high of 11.1 percent in October 2022. Although inflation fell to more usual levels by 2024, prices in the UK had already increased by over 20 percent relative to the start of the crisis. The two main drivers of price increases during this time were food and energy inflation, two of the main spending areas of UK households. Although food and energy prices came down quite sharply in 2023, underlying core inflation, which measures prices rises without food and energy, remained slightly above the headline inflation rate throughout 2024, suggesting some aspects of inflation had become embedded in the UK economy. Inflation rises across in the world in 2022 The UK was not alone in suffering from runaway inflation over the last few years. From late 2021 onwards, various factors converged to encourage a global acceleration of prices, leading to the ongoing inflation crisis. Blocked-up supply chains were one of the main factors as the world emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic. This was followed by energy and food inflation skyrocketing after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Central bank interest rates were raised globally in response to the problem, possibly putting an end to the era of cheap money that has defined monetary policy since the financial crash of 2008.

• The global industry was valued at US$ 537.7 Mn in 2022
• It is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.2% from 2023 to 2031 and reach more than US$ 851.8 Mn by the end of 2031

Global Inflation Devices Market Snapshot

Attribute	Detail
Market Value in 2022	US$ 537.7 Mn
Forecast (Value) in 2031	US$ 851.8 Mn
Growth Rate (CAGR)	5.2%
Forecast Period	2023-2031
Historical Data Available for	2017-2021
Quantitative Units	US$ Mn for Value
Market Analysis	It provides segment analysis as well as regional level analysis. Furthermore, qualitative analysis includes drivers, restraints, opportunities, key trends, Porter’s Five Forces analysis, value chain analysis, and key trend analysis.
Competition Landscape	Market share analysis by company (2022) Company profiles section includes overview, product portfolio, sales footprint, key subsidiaries or distributors, strategy & recent developments, and key financials
Format	Electronic (PDF) + Excel
Market Segmentation	Display Type Analog Inflation Devices Digital Inflation Devices Pressure Capacity 20 ml Inflation Devices 30 ml Inflation Devices 60 ml Inflation Devices Function Balloon Angioplasty Arterial Stent Placement Endoscopy Others Application Coronary Interventions Urology Gastroenterology Peripheral Interventions Others End-user Hospitals Specialty Clinics Ambulatory Surgery Centers
Regions Covered	North America Latin America Europe Asia Pacific Middle East & Africa
Countries Covered	U.S. Canada Germany U.K. France Italy Spain China India Japan Australia & New Zealand Brazil Mexico South Africa GCC Countries
Companies Profiled	Atrion Medical BD Lepu Medical Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Merit Medical Systems Translumina Advin Health Care Dolphin Life Science India LLP Boston Scientific Corporation Acclarent, Inc. (Johnson & Johnson MedTech) B. Braun Interventional Systems Inc. CONMED Corporation Cook Medical
Customization Scope	Available upon request
Pricing	Available upon request

Inflation Rate in Brazil decreased to 4.68 percent in October from 5.17 percent in September of 2025. This dataset provides - Brazil Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

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The automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market share is expected to increase by USD 482.79 million from 2020 to 2025, and the market’s growth momentum will accelerate at a CAGR of 9.76%.

This automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market research report provides valuable insights on the post COVID-19 impact on the market, which will help companies evaluate their business approaches. Furthermore, this report extensively covers the automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market segmentation by application (trailers and trucks) and geography (North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and MEA). The automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market report also offers information on several market vendors, including ColVen SA, Dana Inc., Hendrickson Holdings LLC, Meritor Inc., Michelin Group, Parker Hannifin Corp., Pressure Systems International Inc., SAF-HOLLAND SE, STEMCO Products Inc., and ti.systems GmbH among others.

What will the Automotive Automatic Tire Inflation System (ATIS) Market Size be During the Forecast Period?

Download the Free Report Sample to Unlock the Automotive Automatic Tire Inflation System (ATIS) Market Size for the Forecast Period and Other Important Statistics

Automotive Automatic Tire Inflation System (ATIS) Market: Key Drivers, Trends, and Challenges

The ATIS helps in reducing maintenance costs for fleet operators is notably driving the automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market growth, although factors such as fitment issues and additional maintenance of ATIS may impede the market growth. Our research analysts have studied the historical data and deduced the key market drivers and the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market industry. The holistic analysis of the drivers will help in deducing end goals and refining marketing strategies to gain a competitive edge.

Key Automotive Automatic Tire Inflation System (ATIS) Market Driver

The government regulations on TPMS are one of the key factors driving the growth of the global automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market. Various government bodies and automotive governing councils across the world are encouraging the use of advanced systems and technologies that help in the reduction of vehicular emissions. In addition, there are various initiatives aimed at the use of energy-efficient technologies in vehicles. Deteriorating air quality due to increasing vehicular emissions globally has led to the formulation of mandatory emission standards by governments. Such norms and initiatives are promoting the use of advanced systems, such as TPMS, in automobiles. In addition, the growing concerns about passenger safety have compelled automobile manufacturers to equip vehicles with various driver assistance safety systems. ATIS helps minimize accidents, reduces fatalities, and improves overall vehicle safety. Consequently, governments have started implementing stringent safety regulations regarding the development and sales of these systems. For instance, the TREAD Act was passed by the US Congress in 2000 in reaction to the Firestone recall, which created unsafe driving conditions and resulted in 100 fatalities because of automobile rollovers caused by tire separation.

Key Automotive Automatic Tire Inflation System (ATIS) Market Trend

The development of intelligent tire technologies will fuel the global automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market growth. A combination of TPMS, electronic stability control (ESC), and an anti-lock braking system (ABS) can interpret the tire conditions; these calculations tend to be wrong as the tires wear out or get replaced with another type. Hence, manufacturers are undertaking R&D to develop intelligent tires, which will provide proper feedback data to the vehicle. For such a system to work, the major properties that the tire should monitor are pressure, temperature, wear rate, and tread depth at any point in time. Such complex data acquisition via sensor units mounted on tires will provide the accurate state of tires. The controller in the feedback loop must cover the given parameters of a tire type of a particular manufacturer so that any change in the tire type can be set by some user interface. The sensors will monitor the current values of tires, and the controller will compare these values to the pre-set parameter values. With any change from the tolerable limits, the system will notify the users or take automatic control of the solutions.

Key Automotive Automatic Tire Inflation System (ATIS) Market Challenge

The technology readiness for advanced systems in emerging countries is a major challenge for the global automotive automatic tire inflation system (ATIS) market growth. In the commercial vehicle segment, the focus of the owner or the fleet manager is to reduce the operating costs to earn profits. The fleet ope