Consumer price indexes (CPIs) are index numbers that measure changes in the prices of goods and services purchased or otherwise acquired by households, which households use directly, or indirectly, to satisfy their own needs and wants. In practice, most CPIs are calculated as weighted averages of the percentage price changes for a specified set, or ‘‘basket’’, of consumer products, the weights reflecting their relative importance in household consumption in some period. CPIs are widely used to index pensions and social security benefits. CPIs are also used to index other payments, such as interest payments or rents, or the prices of bonds. CPIs are also commonly used as a proxy for the general rate of inflation, even though they measure only consumer inflation. They are used by some governments or central banks to set inflation targets for purposes of monetary policy. The price data collected for CPI purposes can also be used to compile other indices, such as the price indices used to deflate household consumption expenditures in national accounts, or the purchasing power parities used to compare real levels of consumption in different countries.

In an effort to further coordinate and harmonize the collection of CPI data, the international organizations agreed that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) would assume responsibility for the international collection and dissemination of national CPI data. Under this data collection initiative, countries are reporting the aggregate all items index; more detailed indexes and weights for 12 subgroups of consumption expenditure (according to the so-called COICOP-classification), and detailed metadata. These detailed data represent a valuable resource for data users throughout the world and this portal would not be possible without the ongoing cooperation of all reporting countries. In this effort, the OECD collects and validates the data for their member countries, including accession and key partner countries, whereas the IMF takes care of the collection of data for all other countries.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Inflation for Jordan (JORPCPIPCHPT) from 2000 to 2025 about Jordan, consumer prices, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

Graph and download economic data for Core Consumer Price Inflation for Pakistan (PAKPCPICOREPCHPT) from 2000 to 2025 about Pakistan, consumer prices, core, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

India Inflation Nowcast: Contribution: International Reserves: RBI: FX Reserve: INR: Position in the IMF data was reported at 0.828 % in 12 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.828 % for 05 May 2025. India Inflation Nowcast: Contribution: International Reserves: RBI: FX Reserve: INR: Position in the IMF data is updated weekly, averaging 0.438 % from Jul 2020 (Median) to 12 May 2025, with 254 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.707 % in 08 Jul 2024 and a record low of 0.000 % in 03 Apr 2023. India Inflation Nowcast: Contribution: International Reserves: RBI: FX Reserve: INR: Position in the IMF data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.CEIC.NC: CEIC Nowcast: Inflation: Headline.

This dataset provides values for IMF reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

The inflation rate in the United States is expected to decrease to 2.1 percent by 2029. 2022 saw a year of exceptionally high inflation, reaching eight percent for the year. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was 1982-84. In economics, the inflation rate is a measurement of inflation, the rate of increase of a price index (in this case: consumer price index). It is the percentage rate of change in prices level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. According to the forecast, prices will increase by 2.9 percent in 2024. The annual inflation rate for previous years can be found here and the consumer price index for all urban consumers here. The monthly inflation rate for the United States can also be accessed here. Inflation in the U.S.Inflation is a term used to describe a general rise in the price of goods and services in an economy over a given period of time. Inflation in the United States is calculated using the consumer price index (CPI). The consumer price index is a measure of change in the price level of a preselected market basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households. This forecast of U.S. inflation was prepared by the International Monetary Fund. They project that inflation will stay higher than average throughout 2023, followed by a decrease to around roughly two percent annual rise in the general level of prices until 2028. Considering the annual inflation rate in the United States in 2021, a two percent inflation rate is a very moderate projection. The 2022 spike in inflation in the United States and worldwide is due to a variety of factors that have put constraints on various aspects of the economy. These factors include COVID-19 pandemic spending and supply-chain constraints, disruptions due to the war in Ukraine, and pandemic related changes in the labor force. Although the moderate inflation of prices between two and three percent is considered normal in a modern economy, countries’ central banks try to prevent severe inflation and deflation to keep the growth of prices to a minimum. Severe inflation is considered dangerous to a country’s economy because it can rapidly diminish the population’s purchasing power and thus damage the GDP .

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Inflation for Iran, Islamic Republic of (IRNPCPIPCHPT) from 2000 to 2025 about Iran, consumer prices, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

Inflation is generally defined as the continued increase in the average prices of goods and services in a given region. Following the extremely high global inflation experienced in the 1980s and 1990s, global inflation has been relatively stable since the turn of the millennium, usually hovering between three and five percent per year. There was a sharp increase in 2008 due to the global financial crisis now known as the Great Recession, but inflation was fairly stable throughout the 2010s, before the current inflation crisis began in 2021. Recent years Despite the economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the global inflation rate fell to 3.26 percent in the pandemic's first year, before rising to 4.66 percent in 2021. This increase came as the impact of supply chain delays began to take more of an effect on consumer prices, before the Russia-Ukraine war exacerbated this further. A series of compounding issues such as rising energy and food prices, fiscal instability in the wake of the pandemic, and consumer insecurity have created a new global recession, and global inflation in 2024 is estimated to have reached 5.76 percent. This is the highest annual increase in inflation since 1996. Venezuela Venezuela is the country with the highest individual inflation rate in the world, forecast at around 200 percent in 2022. While this is figure is over 100 times larger than the global average in most years, it actually marks a decrease in Venezuela's inflation rate, which had peaked at over 65,000 percent in 2018. Between 2016 and 2021, Venezuela experienced hyperinflation due to the government's excessive spending and printing of money in an attempt to curve its already-high inflation rate, and the wave of migrants that left the country resulted in one of the largest refugee crises in recent years. In addition to its economic problems, political instability and foreign sanctions pose further long-term problems for Venezuela. While hyperinflation may be coming to an end, it remains to be seen how much of an impact this will have on the economy, how living standards will change, and how many refugees may return in the coming years.

Inflation, average consumer prices, Annual percent change (IMF) 1990-2018

This study examines the determinants influencing the likelihood of Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries seeking assistance from the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The IMF, as a global institution, aims to promote sustainable growth and prosperity among its member countries by supporting economic strategies that foster financial stability and collaboration in monetary affairs. Utilising panel-probit regression, this study analyses data from thirty-nine SSA countries spanning from 2000 to 2022, focusing on twelve factors: Current Account Balance (CAB), inflation, corruption, General Government Net Lending and Borrowing (GGNLB), General Government Gross Debt (GGGD), Gross Domestic Product Growth (GDPG), United Nations Security Council (UNSC) involvement, regime types (Closed Autocracy, Electoral Democracy, Electoral Autocracy, Liberal Democracy) and China Loan. The results indicate that corruption and GDP growth rate have the most significant influence on the likelihood of SSA countries seeking IMF assistance. Conversely, factors such as CAB, UNSC involvement, LD and inflation show inconsequential effects. Notable, countries like Sudan, Burundi, and Guinea consistently rank high in seeking IMF assistance over various time frames within the observed period. Sudan emerges with a probability of more than 44% in seeking IMF assistance, holding the highest ranking. Study emphasises the importance of understanding SSA region rankings and the variability of variables for policymakers, investors, and international organisations to effectively address economic challenges and provide financial assistance.

Inflation, average consumer prices, Annual percent change (IMF) 1990-2017

India Inflation Nowcast: Contribution: International Reserves: RBI: FX Reserve: USD: Position in the IMF data was reported at 0.978 % in 12 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.978 % for 05 May 2025. India Inflation Nowcast: Contribution: International Reserves: RBI: FX Reserve: USD: Position in the IMF data is updated weekly, averaging 0.348 % from Jul 2020 (Median) to 12 May 2025, with 254 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.090 % in 08 Mar 2021 and a record low of 0.000 % in 07 Apr 2025. India Inflation Nowcast: Contribution: International Reserves: RBI: FX Reserve: USD: Position in the IMF data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.CEIC.NC: CEIC Nowcast: Inflation: Headline.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Inflation for West Bank and Gaza (WBGPCPIPCHPT) from 2000 to 2023 about Palestinian Territory, west, consumer prices, REO, consumer, banks, depository institutions, inflation, and rate.

🏳️‍🌈 International Organization English The FAOSTAT monthly Food CPI and General CPI database was based on the ILO CPI data until December 2014. In 2014, IMF-ILO-FAO agreed to transfer global CPI data compilation from ILO to IMF. Upon agreement, CPIs for all items and its sub components originates from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the UN Statistics Division(UNSD) for countries not covered by the IMF. However, due to a limited time coverage from IMF and UNSD for a number of countries, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Central Bank of Western African States (BCEAO), Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB), UNdata, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and national statistical office website data are used for missing historical data from IMF and UNSD food CPI. The FAO CPI dataset for all items(or general CPI) and the Food CPI, consists of a complete and consistent set of time series from January 2000 onwards. Data gaps on monthly Food CPI and General CPI are filled using statistical estimation procedures to have full data coverage for all countries for Food CPI and for General CPI. These indices measure the price change between the current and reference periods of the average basket of goods and services purchased by households. The General CPI is typically used to measure and monitor inflation, set monetary policy targets, index social benefits such as pensions and unemployment benefits, and to escalate thresholds and credits in the income tax systems and wages in public and private wage contracts. The FAOSTAT monthly Food CPI inflation rates are annual year-over-year inflation or percentage change over corresponding month of the previous year. The data included in Data360 is a subset of the data available from the source. Please refer to the source for complete data and methodology details. This collection includes only a subset of indicators from the source dataset.

Monaco MC: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data was reported at 5.303 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.221 % for 2022. Monaco MC: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data is updated yearly, averaging 1.326 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.303 % in 2023 and a record low of -0.241 % in 2004. Monaco MC: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Monaco – Table MC.World Bank.WDI: Inflation. Inflation as measured by the annual growth rate of the GDP implicit deflator shows the rate of price change in the economy as a whole. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years.;World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.;;

In 2024, the annual end-of-period inflation rate of Brazil was approximately 4.83 percent. Between 1981 and 2024, the figure dropped by around 90.83 percentage points, though the decline followed an uneven course rather than a steady trajectory. The rate is forecast to decline by about 1.87 percentage points from 2024 to 2030, fluctuating as it trends downward.The International Monetary Fund describes this indicator as a measure of inflation based upon the year-on-year percent change in the end-of-period consumer price index (CPI). The said index measure is based upon the cost of a typical basket of goods and services at the end of a given time period.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Inflation for Iraq (IRQPCPIPCHPT) from 2005 to 2025 about Iraq, consumer prices, REO, consumer, inflation, and rate.

APD Regional Economic Outlook (REO) provides information on recent economic developments and prospects for countries in Asia and Pacific. Data for the REO for Asia and Pacific is prepared in conjunction with the semi-annual World Economic Outlook (WEO) exercises, spring and fall. Data are consistent with the projections underlying the WEO. REO aggregate data may differ from WEO aggregates due to differences in group membership. Composite data for country groups are weighted averages of data for individual countries. Arithmetic weighted averages are used for all concepts except for inflation and broad money, for which geometric averages are used. PPP GDP weights from the WEO database are used for the aggregation of real GDP growth, real non-oil GDP growth, real per capita GDP growth, investment, national savings, broad money, claims on the nonfinancial private sector, and real and nominal effective exchange rates. Aggregates for other concepts are weighted by GDP in U.S. dollars at market exchange rates.

Ethiopia ET: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data was reported at 6.324 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.398 % for 2016. Ethiopia ET: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data is updated yearly, averaging 10.137 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2017, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33.541 % in 2012 and a record low of -5.755 % in 2001. Ethiopia ET: Inflation:(GDP) Gross Domestic ProductDeflator: Linked Series data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ethiopia – Table ET.World Bank.WDI: Inflation. Inflation as measured by the annual growth rate of the GDP implicit deflator shows the rate of price change in the economy as a whole. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years.; ; World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.; ;

The World Economic Outlook (WEO) database contains selected macroeconomic data series from the statistical appendix of the World Economic Outlook report, which presents the IMF staff's analysis and projections of economic developments at the global level, in major country groups and in many individual countries. The WEO is released in April and September/October each year. Use this database to find data on national accounts, inflation, unemployment rates, balance of payments, fiscal indicators, trade for countries and country groups (aggregates), and commodity prices whose data are reported by the IMF. Data are available from 1980 to the present, and projections are given for the next two years. Additionally, medium-term projections are available for selected indicators. For some countries, data are incomplete or unavailable for certain years. Changes to the April 2019 Database: FYR Macedonia is now called North Macedonia. In February 2019, Zimbabwe adopted a new local currency unit, the RTGS dollar, which has become the official unit of account. Efforts are underway to revise and update all national accounts series to the new RTGS dollar. Current data are based on IMF staff estimates of price and exchange rate developments in US (and RTGS) dollars. Staff estimates of US dollar values may differ from authorities’ estimates.