Inflation Rate in the United States remained unchanged at 2.70 percent in July. This dataset provides - United States Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Since 2021, the large economies of Western Europe have been experiencing a surge in inflation, with inflation reaching as high as 11.84 percent in Italy during October 2022. During 2023 the rate of inflation in all these economies has fallen significantly, reaching as low as 0.67 percent in Italy and 3.17 percent in Germany. This inflationary episode is understood by economists to have been caused by several factors, notably the supply chain issues during the COVID-19 pandemic, pent-up consumer demand which was released after lockdowns ended, as well as policies of monetary and fiscal stimulus during the pandemic aimed at boosting economic activity.

Core consumer prices in the United States increased 3.10 percent in July of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - United States Core Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This dataset contains year-wise macroeconomic indicators for over 200 countries from 2010 to 2025, extracted programmatically using the World Bank Open Data API.

It includes key indicators critical for policy makers, economists, data scientists, and financial analysts. The data has been cleaned, structured, and exported as a CSV — making it ready for analysis, dashboards, and forecasting models.

📦 Included Indicators

• Inflation (Consumer Price Index %)
• GDP (Current USD)
• GDP per Capita
• GDP Growth (% Annual)
• Unemployment Rate
• Real Interest Rate
• Public Debt (% of GDP)
• Government Expense and Revenue
• Current Account Balance
• Gross National Income
• Tax Revenue

📊 Columns Overview

📈 Use Cases

• Economic trend visualization
• Country comparison dashboards
• Machine learning forecasting models
• Macroeconomic policy analysis

📡 Data Source

• API: World Bank Open Data
• Extracted using: Python, requests, pandas, SQLAlchemy

🧠 Ideal For

• Data scientists
• Policy researchers
• Students in economics or finance
• Kaggle forecasting competitions

✅ Format

• CSV format (UTF-8)
• 200+ countries × 15 years × 13 indicators = ~40,000+ rows

In January 2025, prices had increased by three percent compared to January 2024 according to the 12-month percentage change in the consumer price index — the monthly inflation rate for goods and services in the United States. The data represents U.S. city averages. In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. A projection of the annual U.S. inflation rate can be accessed here and the actual annual inflation rate since 1990 can be accessed here. InflationOne of the most important economic indicators is the development of the Consumer Price Index in a country. The change in this price level of goods and services is defined as the rate of inflation. The inflationary situation in the United States had been relatively severe in 2022 due to global events relating to COVID-19, supply chain restrains, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. More information on U.S. inflation may be found on our dedicated topic page. The annual inflation rate in the United States has increased from 3.2 percent in 2011 to 8.3 percent in 2022. This means that the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar has weakened in recent years. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. According to the data published by the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI) was about 258.84 in 2020 and is forecasted to grow up to 325.6 by 2027, compared to the base period from 1982 to 1984. The monthly percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for urban consumers in the United States was 0.1 percent in March 2023 compared to the previous month. In 2022, countries all around the world are experienced high levels of inflation. Although Brazil already had an inflation rate of 8.3 percent in 2021, compared to the previous year, while the inflation rate in China stood at 0.85 percent.

The inflation rate in the United States is expected to decrease to 2.1 percent by 2029. 2022 saw a year of exceptionally high inflation, reaching eight percent for the year. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was 1982-84. In economics, the inflation rate is a measurement of inflation, the rate of increase of a price index (in this case: consumer price index). It is the percentage rate of change in prices level over time. The rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money is approximately equal. According to the forecast, prices will increase by 2.9 percent in 2024. The annual inflation rate for previous years can be found here and the consumer price index for all urban consumers here. The monthly inflation rate for the United States can also be accessed here. Inflation in the U.S.Inflation is a term used to describe a general rise in the price of goods and services in an economy over a given period of time. Inflation in the United States is calculated using the consumer price index (CPI). The consumer price index is a measure of change in the price level of a preselected market basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households. This forecast of U.S. inflation was prepared by the International Monetary Fund. They project that inflation will stay higher than average throughout 2023, followed by a decrease to around roughly two percent annual rise in the general level of prices until 2028. Considering the annual inflation rate in the United States in 2021, a two percent inflation rate is a very moderate projection. The 2022 spike in inflation in the United States and worldwide is due to a variety of factors that have put constraints on various aspects of the economy. These factors include COVID-19 pandemic spending and supply-chain constraints, disruptions due to the war in Ukraine, and pandemic related changes in the labor force. Although the moderate inflation of prices between two and three percent is considered normal in a modern economy, countries’ central banks try to prevent severe inflation and deflation to keep the growth of prices to a minimum. Severe inflation is considered dangerous to a country’s economy because it can rapidly diminish the population’s purchasing power and thus damage the GDP .

This article analyzes how announced surprises in monetary policy actions and macroeconomic data releases affect the average rate of inflation that economic agents expect to prevail over the 10-year period following the surprise. The analysis also addresses the effect of Federal Reserve communication and surprises in monetary policy actions on perceived inflation risk over this 10-year period. The study shows that surprises in macroeconomic data releases and monetary policy actions indeed affect the expected rate of inflation. Further, there is evidence that surprises in monetary policy actions increase perceived inflation risk, whereas Federal Reserve communication reduces it.

Inflation Rate in Japan decreased to 3.10 percent in July from 3.30 percent in June of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Japan Inflation Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

During the period beginning roughly in the mid-1980s until the Global Financial Crisis (2007-2008), the U.S. economy experienced a time of relative economic calm, with low inflation and consistent GDP growth. Compared with the turbulent economic era which had preceded it in the 1970s and the early 1980s, the lack of extreme fluctuations in the business cycle led some commentators to suggest that macroeconomic issues such as high inflation, long-term unemployment and financial crises were a thing of the past. Indeed, the President of the American Economic Association, Professor Robert Lucas, famously proclaimed in 2003 that "central problem of depression prevention has been solved, for all practical purposes". Ben Bernanke, the future chairman of the Federal Reserve during the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and 2022 Nobel Prize in Economics recipient, coined the term 'the Great Moderation' to describe this era of newfound economic confidence. The era came to an abrupt end with the outbreak of the GFC in the Summer of 2007, as the U.S. financial system began to crash due to a downturn in the real estate market.

Causes of the Great Moderation, and its downfall

A number of factors have been cited as contributing to the Great Moderation including central bank monetary policies, the shift from manufacturing to services in the economy, improvements in information technology and management practices, as well as reduced energy prices. The period coincided with the term of Fed chairman Alan Greenspan (1987-2006), famous for the 'Greenspan put', a policy which meant that the Fed would proactively address downturns in the stock market using its monetary policy tools. These economic factors came to prominence at the same time as the end of the Cold War (1947-1991), with the U.S. attaining a new level of hegemony in global politics, as its main geopolitical rival, the Soviet Union, no longer existed. During the Great Moderation, the U.S. experienced a recession twice, between July 1990 and March 1991, and again from March 2001 tom November 2001, however, these relatively short recessions did not knock the U.S. off its growth path. The build up of household and corporate debt over the early 2000s eventually led to the Global Financial Crisis, as the bursting of the U.S. housing bubble in 2007 reverberated across the financial system, with a subsequent credit freeze and mass defaults.

In economics, the inflation rate is a measure of the change in price of a basket of goods. The most common measure being the consumer price index. It is the percentage rate of change in price level over time, and also indicates the rate of decrease in the purchasing power of money. The annual rate of inflation for 2023, was 4.1 percent higher in the United States when compared to the previous year. More information on inflation and the consumer price index can be found on our dedicated topic page. Additionally, the monthly rate of inflation in the United States can be accessed here. Inflation and purchasing power Inflation is a key economic indicator, and gives economists and consumers alike a look at changes in prices in the wider economy. For example, if an average pair of socks costs 100 dollars one year and 105 dollars the following year, the inflation rate is five percent. This means the amount of goods an individual can purchase with a unit of currency has decreased. This concept is often referred to as purchasing power. The data presents the average rate of inflation in a year, whereas the monthly measure of inflation measures the change in prices compared with prices one year ago. For example, monthly inflation in the U.S. reached a peak in June 2022 at 9.1 percent. This means that prices were 9.1 percent higher than they were in June of 2021. The purchasing power is the extent to which a person has available funds to make purchases. The Big Mac Index has been published by The Economist since 1986 and exemplifies purchasing power on a global scale, allowing us to see note the differences between different countries currencies. Switzerland for example, has the most expensive Big Mac in the world, costing consumers 6.71 U.S. dollars as of July 2022, whereas a Big Mac cost 5.15 dollars in the United States, and 4.77 dollars in the Euro area. One of the most important tools in influencing the rate of inflation is interest rates. The Federal Reserve of the United States has the capacity to make changes to the federal interest rate . Changes to the rate of inflation are thought to be an imbalance between supply and demand. After COVID-19 related lockdowns came to an end there was a sudden increase in demand for goods and services with consumers having more funds than usual thanks to reduced spending during lockdown and government funded economic support. Additionally, supply-chain related bottlenecks also due to lockdowns around the world and the Russian invasion of Ukraine meant that there was a decrease in the supply of goods and services. By increasing the interest rate, the Federal Reserve aims to reduce spending, and thus bring demand back into balance with supply.

Graph and download economic data for Equity Market Volatility Tracker: Macroeconomic News and Outlook: Inflation (EMVMACROINFLATION) from Jan 1985 to Aug 2025 about volatility, uncertainty, equity, inflation, and USA.

Colombia Macroeconomic Expectation: Inflation: Current Month data was reported at 5.000 % in Apr 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.170 % for Mar 2025. Colombia Macroeconomic Expectation: Inflation: Current Month data is updated monthly, averaging 4.500 % from Jun 2014 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 131 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.360 % in Jan 2023 and a record low of 1.450 % in Mar 2021. Colombia Macroeconomic Expectation: Inflation: Current Month data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Foundation for Higher Education and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Colombia – Table CO.I005: Consumer Price Index: Inflation Rate: Forecast: Foundation for Higher Education and Development.

Colombia Macroeconomic Expectation: Inflation: Current Year data was reported at 4.500 % in Apr 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 4.500 % for Mar 2025. Colombia Macroeconomic Expectation: Inflation: Current Year data is updated monthly, averaging 4.260 % from Jun 2014 (Median) to Apr 2025, with 131 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.660 % in Dec 2022 and a record low of 1.490 % in Dec 2020. Colombia Macroeconomic Expectation: Inflation: Current Year data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Foundation for Higher Education and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Colombia – Table CO.I005: Consumer Price Index: Inflation Rate: Forecast: Foundation for Higher Education and Development.

Title: Exchange Rate and Inflation Rate on GDP Dataset

Description: This dataset presents a comprehensive collection of historical data on exchange rates, inflation rates, and their impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, economists, and data enthusiasts seeking to explore the relationships between these key economic indicators.

The dataset contains information from various countries and regions, covering multiple years, allowing users to analyze how exchange rate fluctuations and inflation rates have influenced the economic performance of different economies over time.

Attributes included in the dataset:

1. Country/Region: The name of the country or region for which the data is recorded.
2. Year: The year to which the data corresponds.
3. Exchange Rate: The exchange rate of the country's currency against a specified reference currency.
4. Inflation Rate: The percentage change in the general price level of goods and services over a specific period.
5. Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total monetary value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders in a given year.

Use cases: - Analyzing the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on a country's trade balance and economic growth. - Studying the relationship between inflation rates and changes in purchasing power in different economies. - Exploring correlations between GDP growth and exchange rate policies of countries. - Building predictive models to forecast inflation rates or exchange rate movements based on historical data.

Note to users: Please keep in mind that while this dataset provides valuable insights into the relationships between exchange rates, inflation rates, and GDP, it should be used responsibly and in conjunction with other relevant data sources for accurate and robust analyses.

If you have any questions or feedback about this dataset, feel free to reach out. Happy analyzing!

Inflation Rate in China decreased to 0 percent in July from 0.10 percent in June of 2025. This dataset provides - China Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This data contains inflation rates of Turkey for four months. 2020 - 2023 years

Abstract of associated article: Increasing the independence of a central bank from political influence, although ex-ante socially beneficial and initially successful in reducing inflation, would ultimately fail to lower inflation permanently. The smaller anticipated policy distortions implemented by a more independent central bank would induce the fiscal authority to decrease current distortions by increasing the deficit. Over time, inflation would increase to accommodate a higher public debt. By contrast, imposing a strict inflation target would lower inflation permanently and insulate the primary deficit from political distortions.

This data is used for examination of inflation- unemployment relationship for 18 countries after 1991. Inflation data is obtained from World Bank database (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG) and unemployment data is obtained from International Labor Organization (http://www.ilo.org/wesodata/).

Analysis period is different for all countries because of structural breaks determined by single point change point detection algorithm included in changepoint package of Killick & Eckley (2014). Granger-causality is conducted with Toda&Yamamoto (1995) procedure. Integration levels are determined with 3 stationary tests. VAR models are run with vars package (Pfaff, Stigler & Pfaff; 2018) without trend and constant terms. Cointegration test is conducted with urca package (Pfaff, Zivot, Stigler & Pfaff; 2016).

All data files are .csv files. Analyst need to change country index (variable name: j) in order to see individual results. Findings can be seen in the article.

Killick, R., & Eckley, I. (2014). changepoint: An R package for changepoint analysis. Journal of statistical software, 58(3), 1-19.

Pfaff, B., Stigler, M., & Pfaff, M. B. (2018). Package ‘vars’. Online] https://cran. r-project. org/web/packages/vars/vars. pdf.

Pfaff, B., Zivot, E., Stigler, M., & Pfaff, M. B. (2016). Package ‘urca’. Unit root and cointegration tests for time series data. R package version, 1-2.

Toda, H. Y., & Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated processes. Journal of econometrics, 66(1-2), 225-250.

This data package includes the underlying data to replicate the charts, tables, and calculations presented in Fiscal policy and the pandemic-era surge in US inflation: Lessons for the future, PIIE Working Paper 24-22.

If you use the data, please cite as:

Dynan, Karen, and Douglas Elmendorf. 2024. Fiscal policy and the pandemic-era surge in US inflation: Lessons for the future. PIIE Working Paper 24-22. Washington: Peterson Institute for International Economics.

This file contains raw extrapolated yearly foreign direct investment data sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI) platform of the DataBank of World Bank of Brazil, Nigeria, China, the Netherlands, Australia and the US. Also included are the historical inflation rate and exchange rate data.