Inflation Rate in the United States decreased to 2.30 percent in April from 2.40 percent in March of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Inflation in Argentina was 54 percent in 2019, before falling to 42 percent in 2020. Despite Argentina's fluctuating economic instability over the twentieth century, the largest factor in its current economic status is the legacy of poor fiscal discipline left by the economic depression from 1998 to 2002. Although data is not available from 2014 to 2016, Argentina's inflation rate has been among the highest in the world for the past five years.

What causes inflation?

Inflation is a rise in price levels for all goods. Major causes of inflation include an increase in money supply, low central bank interest rates, and expectation of inflation. In a country such as Argentina, the expectation can be one of the biggest obstacles. People expect inflation to be high and demand increasing wages, and firms continue raising prices because they expect the costs of inputs to increase. Banks follow suit, charging high interest rates on fixed deposits.

Effects of inflation

Inflation negatively affects savers. 100 Argentinian pesos in 2018 was worth just under 75 pesos in 2019, after adjusting for the 34 percent inflation rate. Similarly, frequently changing prices has its own inherent cost, called “menu cost” after the price of printing new menus. Inflation will also have a positive effect on national debt when that debt is denominated in Argentinian pesos, because the pesos will be cheaper when the loan matures. However, the majority of Argentina’s debts are in foreign currency, which means that inflation will make these debts larger in peso terms.

We study the effects of growth volatility and inflation volatility on average rates of output growth and inflation for post-war US data. Our results suggest that increased growth uncertainty is associated with significantly lower average growth, while higher inflation uncertainty is significantly negatively correlated with lower output growth and lower average inflation. Both inflation and growth display evidence of significant asymmetric response to positive and negative shocks of equal magnitude.

Inflation is generally defined as the continued increase in the average prices of goods and services in a given region. Following the extremely high global inflation experienced in the 1980s and 1990s, global inflation has been relatively stable since the turn of the millennium, usually hovering between three and five percent per year. There was a sharp increase in 2008 due to the global financial crisis now known as the Great Recession, but inflation was fairly stable throughout the 2010s, before the current inflation crisis began in 2021. Recent years Despite the economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the global inflation rate fell to 3.26 percent in the pandemic's first year, before rising to 4.66 percent in 2021. This increase came as the impact of supply chain delays began to take more of an effect on consumer prices, before the Russia-Ukraine war exacerbated this further. A series of compounding issues such as rising energy and food prices, fiscal instability in the wake of the pandemic, and consumer insecurity have created a new global recession, and global inflation in 2024 is estimated to have reached 5.76 percent. This is the highest annual increase in inflation since 1996. Venezuela Venezuela is the country with the highest individual inflation rate in the world, forecast at around 200 percent in 2022. While this is figure is over 100 times larger than the global average in most years, it actually marks a decrease in Venezuela's inflation rate, which had peaked at over 65,000 percent in 2018. Between 2016 and 2021, Venezuela experienced hyperinflation due to the government's excessive spending and printing of money in an attempt to curve its already-high inflation rate, and the wave of migrants that left the country resulted in one of the largest refugee crises in recent years. In addition to its economic problems, political instability and foreign sanctions pose further long-term problems for Venezuela. While hyperinflation may be coming to an end, it remains to be seen how much of an impact this will have on the economy, how living standards will change, and how many refugees may return in the coming years.

The Consumer Price Index in Argentina increased 2.80 percent in April of 2025 over the previous month. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Argentina Inflation Rate MoM - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The data and programs replicate tables and figures from "The impact of inflation targeting: Testing the good luck hypothesis", by Ravenna and Mølbak Ingholt. Please see the ReadMe file for additional details.

Economic welfare is essential in the modern economy since it directly reflects the standard of living, distribution of resources, and general social satisfaction, which influences individual and social well-being. This study aims to explore the relationship between national income accounting different attributes and the economic welfare in Pakistan. However, this study used data from 1950 to 2022, and data was downloaded from the World Bank data portal. Regression analysis is used to investigate the relationship between them and is very effective in measuring the relationship between endogenous and exogenous variables. Moreover, generalized methods of movement (GMM) are used as the robustness of the regression. Our results show that foreign direct investment outflow, Gross domestic product growth rate, GDP per capita, higher Interest, market capitalization, and population growth have a significant negative on the unemployment rate, indicating the rise in these factors leads to a decrease in the employment rate in Pakistan. Trade and savings have a significant positive impact on the unemployment rate, indicating the rise in these factors leads to an increase in the unemployment rate for various reasons. Moreover, all the factors of national income accounting have a significant positive relationship with life expectancy, indicating that an increase in these factors leads to an increase in economic welfare and life expectancy due to better health facilities, many resources, and correct economic policies. However, foreign direct investment, inflation rate, lending interest rate, and population growth have significant positive effects on age dependency, indicating these factors increase the age dependency. Moreover, GDP growth and GDP per capita negatively impact age dependency. Similarly, all the national income accounting factors have a significant negative relationship with legal rights that leads to decreased legal rights. Moreover, due to better health facilities and health planning, there is a negative significant relationship between national income accounting attributes and motility rate among children. Our study advocated the implications for the policymakers and the government to make policies for the welfare and increase the social factors.

P1380A: Quarterly time-series data (1970:1 - 1992:2 / 92 points of measurement) containing for West Germany and the United States: money-stock (source: OECD), nominal gross national product (source: OECD, IMF), world trade volume in 1985 prices (source: DATASTREAM, IMF), price index of gross national product - 1985=100 (source: OECD, IMF), foreign price index - 1985=100 (source: DATASTREAM, IMF), oil-price index in US dollars - 1985=100 (source: HWWA) and derived constructs. Analysis aimed at testing: 1. symmetry hypothesis (= positive and negative shocks have equal effect on real income), 2. structural neutrality hypothesis (= expected changes in aggregate demand do not influence real output) and 3. non persistence hypothesis (= shocks only influence real output at time they occur). The price-misperception models and the price-stickiness models lead to opposing predictions regarding these hypotheses. ( natural rate hypothesis, Phillips curve P1380B: Cross-sectional meta-analysis of 143 developed and developing countries, based on material from 10 studies previously published. Variables: supply response to changes in the expected real price level in each individual market, price variance, trade-off effects of an unexpected increase in nominal demand on cyclical output and variance of nominal demand growth. Analysis aimed at testing Lucas variability hypotheses. ( new-classical economics / Phillips-curve ) P1380C: Quarterly time-series data (1969:1 - 1995:2 / 106 points of measurement) containing for Spain and Italy: consumer price index - 1990=100 (for Germany also), European price index (constructed), import price index - 1990=100, exchange rate towards Deutschmark and real effective exchange rate index - 1972=100 (constructed) Source: International Financial Statistics/ constructed variables: various. Analysis aimed at testing increase of speed of inflation convergence of Spain and Italy when joining the Exchange Rate Mechanism ( ERM )of the European Monetary System ( EMS ) and when maintaining a hard peg to the Deutschmark in the 1975-1995 period. ( credibility hypothesis / monetary policy )

This paper exploits the term structure of interest rates to develop testable economic restrictions on the joint process of long-term interest rates and inflation when the latter is subject to a targeting policy by the central bank. In an empirical application to the Canadian inflation target zone, results indicate that financial markets perceive the band to be of approximately the same width as announced but asymmetrically distributed around the official target. This finding suggests that, in practice, the monetary authority might attach different weights to positive and negative inflation deviations from the target.

Inflation Rate in Iran increased to 38.90 percent in April from 37.10 percent in March of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Iran Inflation Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Inflation rates in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) ranged from 31 percent inflation in Laos to 0.37 percent inflation in Brunei Darussalam. While countries like Vietnam are likely benefitting from more stable inflation than earlier seen, only a few countries are in the 2 to 6 percent range that many economists view as optimal for emerging economies. Effects of high inflation High inflation is generally detrimental to the economy. Prices tend to rise faster than wages, meaning that people and firms have less purchasing power. This in turn leads to slower growth in the gross domestic product (GDP). It also leads to a weaker currency. For countries with a positive trade balance this can be beneficial, because exports are relatively cheaper to foreign buyers. Through the same mechanism, net importers suffer from a weaker currency. Additionally, inflation makes a country’s national debt less expensive if the debt is denominated in the local currency. However, most of this debt is in U.S. dollars, so inflation makes the debt more difficult to service and repay. Risks of deflation With deflation, consumers and firms delay investments because they expect prices to be lower in the future. This slows consumption and investment, two major components of GDP growth. The most common example of this is Japan, where the GDP growth rate has been low for a long time due, in large part, to deflation. For this reason, countries like Brunei would rather see low and stable inflation than slight deflation.

This study examined the relationship between debt servicing and foreign exchange rate unification in Nigeria from 1995 to 2023, hypothesizing that a unified exchange rate policy would significantly impact the country's debt service-to-revenue ratio. Using annual time series data from sources such as the International Monetary Fund and World Development Indicators, the study employed an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to analyze the relationship between the debt service-to-revenue ratio and factors including the official foreign exchange rate, GDP growth rate, inflation rate, and oil prices. The findings revealed several notable insights. Exchange rate unification was found to have a significant negative effect on the debt service-to-revenue ratio, suggesting that a unified exchange rate policy could help reduce Nigeria's debt service burden. Both current and lagged inflation rates showed a significant negative impact on the debt service-to-revenue ratio, indicating that higher inflation might be eroding the real value of debt or increasing nominal revenues faster than debt servicing costs. Lagged exchange rates were found to negatively affect the debt service-to-revenue ratio, implying that higher exchange rates in the previous period decrease the current ratio. Oil prices demonstrated mixed effects, with current prices positively impacting the debt service-to-revenue ratio while lagged prices had a negative effect. The study also revealed strong persistence in debt servicing behavior over time, as evidenced by the significant positive correlation between current and previous year's debt service ratios. These results offer significant implications for policymakers. The negative effect of exchange rate unification on the debt service-to-revenue ratio suggests that such a policy could improve efficiency in forex markets and reduce arbitrage opportunities, ultimately helping to reduce the debt service burden. The negative relationship between inflation and the debt service-to-revenue ratio indicates that higher inflation might be beneficial for debt servicing in the short term, though this should be interpreted cautiously given the potential negative consequences of high inflation. The mixed impact of oil prices reflects the complexity of Nigeria's oil-dependent economy, highlighting the need for economic diversification. The strong persistence in debt servicing commitments points to potential structural issues in debt management or lack of fiscal flexibility. Policymakers can use these findings to inform strategies for managing Nigeria's debt burden. The results suggest that pursuing exchange rate unification, carefully managing inflation, diversifying the economy to reduce oil dependence, and improving fiscal discipline could all contribute to better management of debt servicing costs. However, it's crucial to consider the lagged effects of economic variables on debt servicing when formulating long-term fiscal strategies.

Core consumer prices in the United States increased 2.80 percent in April of 2025 over the same month in the previous year. This dataset provides - United States Core Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In January 2025, the unadjusted consumer price index (CPI) of all items for urban consumers in the United States amounted to about 317.67. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was 1982-84=100. The CPI is defined by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics as “a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services”. The annual consumer price index for urban consumers in the U.S. can be accessed here. Consumer Price Index The Consumer Price Index (CPI) began in 1919 under the Bureau of Labor Statistics and is published every month. The CPI for all urban consumers includes urban households in Metropolitan Statistical Areas and regions with over 2,500 inhabitants, as well as non-farm consumers living in rural regions. This index was established in 1978 and includes about 80 percent of the U.S. population. The monthly CPI of urban consumers in the United States increased from 292.3 in May 2022 to 304.13 in 2023. Inflation tends not to impact everyone equally for a variety of reasons, including geography - CPI often differs between regions, with a high of 287.49 in the Western region as of 2021. There are also disparities in inflation between income quartiles, in which inflation is generally felt more heavily by lower income households. The annual CPI in the United States has increased steadily over the past two decades, from 140.3 in 1992 to 292.56 in 2022. A forecast of the CPI expects this positive trend to continue, reaching 325.6 by 2027. As of March 2023, the CPI of the nation’s education had increased by 3.5 percent. Further, in the same month costs of recreation, rent, housing, medical care, and food and beverages, gasoline, and transportation increased. Comparatively, the CPI in Hong Kong reached 103.3 in 2022.

Inflation Rate in India decreased to 3.16 percent in April from 3.34 percent in March of 2025. This dataset provides - India Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Cross-country regressions explaining output growth often obtain a negative effect from inflation. However, that result is not robust, due to the selection of countries in sample, temporal aggregation, and omission of consequential variables in levels. This paper demonstrates some implications of these mis-specifications, both analytically and empirically. In particular, for most G-7 countries, annual time series of inflation and the log-level of output are cointegrated, thus rejecting the existence of a long-run relation between output growth and inflation. Typically, output and inflation are positively related in these cointegrating relationships: a price markup model helps to interpret this surprising feature.

Inflation Rate in China remained unchanged at -0.10 percent in April. This dataset provides - China Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

About this dataset

Context

The dataset presents median household incomes for various household sizes in Truth Or Consequences, NM, as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau. The dataset highlights the variation in median household income with the size of the family unit, offering valuable insights into economic trends and disparities within different household sizes, aiding in data analysis and decision-making.

Key observations

• Of the 7 household sizes (1 person to 7-or-more person households) reported by the census bureau, Truth Or Consequences did not include 5, 6, or 7-person households. Across the different household sizes in Truth Or Consequences the mean income is $56,928, and the standard deviation is $38,611. The coefficient of variation (CV) is 67.82%. This high CV indicates high relative variability, suggesting that the incomes vary significantly across different sizes of households.
• In the most recent year, 2021, The smallest household size for which the bureau reported a median household income was 1-person households, with an income of $20,161. It then further increased to $110,968 for 4-person households, the largest household size for which the bureau reported a median household income.

https://i.neilsberg.com/ch/truth-or-consequences-nm-median-household-income-by-household-size.jpeg" alt="Truth Or Consequences, NM median household income, by household size (in 2022 inflation-adjusted dollars)">

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2017-2021 5-Year Estimates.

Household Sizes:

• 1-person households
• 2-person households
• 3-person households
• 4-person households
• 5-person households
• 6-person households
• 7-or-more-person households

Variables / Data Columns

• Household Size: This column showcases 7 household sizes ranging from 1-person households to 7-or-more-person households (As mentioned above).
• Median Household Income: Median household income, in 2022 inflation-adjusted dollars for the specific household size.

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Truth Or Consequences median household income. You can refer the same here

About this dataset

Context

The dataset illustrates the median household income in Truth Or Consequences, spanning the years from 2010 to 2023, with all figures adjusted to 2023 inflation-adjusted dollars. Based on the latest 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates from the American Community Survey, it displays how income varied over the last decade. The dataset can be utilized to gain insights into median household income trends and explore income variations.

Key observations:

From 2010 to 2023, the median household income for Truth Or Consequences decreased by $1,573 (5.12%), as per the American Community Survey estimates. In comparison, median household income for the United States increased by $5,602 (7.68%) between 2010 and 2023.

Analyzing the trend in median household income between the years 2010 and 2023, spanning 13 annual cycles, we observed that median household income, when adjusted for 2023 inflation using the Consumer Price Index retroactive series (R-CPI-U-RS), experienced growth year by year for 5 years and declined for 8 years.

Content

When available, the data consists of estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS) 2019-2023 5-Year Estimates. All incomes have been adjusting for inflation and are presented in 2022-inflation-adjusted dollars.

Years for which data is available:

• 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 0223

Variables / Data Columns

• Year: This column presents the data year from 2010 to 2023
• Median Household Income: Median household income, in 2023 inflation-adjusted dollars for the specific year
• YOY Change($): Change in median household income between the current and the previous year, in 2023 inflation-adjusted dollars
• YOY Change(%): Percent change in median household income between current and the previous year

Good to know

Margin of Error

Data in the dataset are based on the estimates and are subject to sampling variability and thus a margin of error. Neilsberg Research recommends using caution when presening these estimates in your research.

Custom data

If you do need custom data for any of your research project, report or presentation, you can contact our research staff at research@neilsberg.com for a feasibility of a custom tabulation on a fee-for-service basis.

Inspiration

Neilsberg Research Team curates, analyze and publishes demographics and economic data from a variety of public and proprietary sources, each of which often includes multiple surveys and programs. The large majority of Neilsberg Research aggregated datasets and insights is made available for free download at https://www.neilsberg.com/research/.

Recommended for further research

This dataset is a part of the main dataset for Truth Or Consequences median household income. You can refer the same here

The GDP of ASEAN member states is crucial for determining their economic growth. Factors such as foreign direct investment (FDI), tourism, banking credit, and inflation rates play a significant role in boosting GDP. High inflation can lead to economic instability, particularly for developing countries like those in ASEAN. The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) aims to address these issues by promoting tourism, increasing investment, and offering low-interest credit to businesses. A study was conducted to analyze the impact of FDI, foreign visitors, bank credit, and inflation on the GDP of ASEAN member nations. The findings revealed that while inflation has a negative impact on GDP, FDI, tourism, and bank credit have a positive impact.